Documenti di Didattica
Documenti di Professioni
Documenti di Cultura
________________________________________________
TABLE OF CONTENTS:
Table of Contents
List of Tables
List of Figures
Appendices
1.0 Introduction
2.0 Background
4.0
5.0
7
7
7
8
8
9
11
11
11
3.2
11
11
11
12
12
13
13
3.3
13
13
14
14
14
14
16
16
4.1
4.2
4.3
16
18
18
18
18
18
SHE Structures
Legal Appointments
SHE Committees
4.3.1 Executive SHE Committee
4.3.2 Area SHE Committees
4.3.3 Dam Amenities Committee
18
5.1
5.2
5.3
5.4
5.5
18
19
20
23
25
Positive Trends
Negative Trends/Challenges
Publicity Strategy
SHE Implementation Training Requirements
Revised SHE Structures
LIST OF TABLES
Table 1:
Table 2:
Table 3:
22
23
24
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 1:
Figure 2:
Figure 3:
26
27
28
APPENDICES
Appendix 1
Appendix 2
Appendix 3
Appendix 4
Appendix 5
1.0
INTRODUCTION
The Water Utilities Corporations interest in the area of occupational health, safety an
environment has grown and developed over the years. The growing importance of
issues of occupational health, safety and environment has indeed prompted the
Corporation to embrace the challenges of implementing occupational health, safety
and environmental protection programmes.
The Safety, Health and Environment (SHE) concept is relatively a recent phenomenon
in Botswanas industrial organisations and as such the Corporations as well as
employee interest in safety, health and environment in the context of the SHE initiative
is expected to grow subject to efforts to sensitise and educate same. Water Utilities
Corporation like other few companies in Botswana has accepted the challenge of
implementing SHE programmes in the workplace, as well as the sustainable
environmental management of its resources.
In the recognition of the need to keep abreast of changes in the issues regarding SHE,
processes, technology and legislation that may in one way or the other affect
employee welfare and the environment, the Water Utilities Corporation has committed
itself to;
(i)
providing a safe and comfortable workplace for all its employees in accordance
with the established Occupational Health and Safety standards
(ii)
cultivate a culture of appreciation for and compliance with the said standards,
through organised educational campaigns
(iii)
(iv)
Although a comprehensive policy and procedure statement, which was first formulated in
1997, has yet to be finalised, an abridged version of the Safety, Health and Environment
Policy, which makes a declaration of Managements commitment and calls for personal duty
responsibility to the safety of employees, protection and conservation of the environment,
and the elimination of all occupational health hazards, is in force.
The success of this endeavour is expected to result in improved efficiency, high productivity,
improved employee welfare, low labour disputes, low staff turnover and absenteeism, and
reduced compensation costs, high eco-efficiency and sustainable development of resources,
to mention just but a few.
Through the Occupational Health and Safety Act (OHSAct) of South Africa, the National
Occupational Safety Association (NOSA) has provided guidelines for companies and
BACKGROUND
The Water Utilities Corporation first adopted the concept of and undertook to
implement SHE in the early 90s. The primary object was not only that of meeting the
growing legislative requirements, but to enhance the spirit of occupational health and
safety on employees in general. In this regard the pioneers of this initiative was the
then Operations Department and notably not the Human Resources Department.
Safety awareness teams were established around 1992 to come up with a systematic
and structured method of implementation and monitoring
The Corporation subsequently affiliated to the National Occupational Safety
Association, an independent body based in South Africa. A baseline audit was carried
out in 1995 followed by the first NOSA five star audit in 1996, under the circumstances
the results attained were relatively good and a sign of an overall above average work
done on the implementation of the NOSA Five Star System. Of notable achievement
were the training programme, whose target was 5 per cent per annum, establishment
of committees, documentation of and training on some key safety hazards such as
chlorine, fire etc.
Amongst the things that contributed to the shortcomings in the implementation of the
NOSA Five star system that the audits identified, are the lack of proper documentation
and the apparent failure of adequate participation by management on the
implementation of the NOSA Five star System.
Managements commitment to the implementation of a comprehensive SHE
programme has however been inadequate right from the onset. This is demonstrated
by its failure to establish an institution responsible for ensuring the implementation of
the SHE programme, but instead depended on the services of a Safety Co-ordinator
through out this process.
It will be noted further that some pro-safety initiatives such as safety incentives, water
quality medical examinations, accreditation to ISO 9000, disaster preparedness
initiative have either never really got off the ground or failed to be sustained, possibly
due to institutional problems or just a mere lack of commitment by those responsible
for spear heading them.
Following this relatively successful NOSA audit in 1996, a resolution was made by the
then SHE Committee to restructure the safety organisation within the Corporation in
order to address the following issues, to name just but a few;
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
inclusion of other WUC departments and sections which were not participating
in the SHE initiative implementation committees
The above-mentioned committee invited some Section Heads and Union and JCC staff
representatives to a meeting as observers to assist in these deliberations. A number of
resolutions were made including the formation of the Executive SHE Committee with reforms
such as involvement of more corporate management in the committee, the formulation of
SHE policies and standards etc.
Area SHE committees were also re-organised and appointments made in accordance with
Section 16 (20) of the OHSAct. It will be noted that an oversight has always been made of
not making the Section 16(1) appointment of the Chief Executive Officer responsible for
employee health and safety in the workplace.
Terms of Reference for the Executive SHE Committee were formulated in 1997 and were
later used to formulate the draft policy and procedure statement on Safety Health and
Environment, which is still outstanding to date.
Recently management gained momentum on the implementation of the SHE initiative,
possibly due to internal, external or other mandated forces. A notable development and a
remarkable one at that is the recent decision by management to institutionalise the section
responsible for ensuring the implementation of the SHE programme, which resulted in a
positive increase in skilled manpower in this respect.
It has also become apparent during the recent years when safety had collapsed that for a
successful implementation and management of strategies it is imperative that safety does not
become the domain of the person responsible i.e. SHE Manager, officer, or line Manager, but
that the onus for a safe working environment is upon each an every individual. As a
fundamental part of any business process and a core business function of any operation, the
pertinence of occupational health and safety, and environmental conservation cannot be
overemphasised.
Several internal audits have been conducted in the recent past, whose scope covered the
Corporations complete premises, installations, dams, and major transfer schemes such as
the North South Water Carrier Project. Occupational hygiene surveys and a couple of more
internal audits, this time using the new NOSA Integrated Five Star System, are scheduled for
the near future and incorporated in the action plan below.
3.0
3.1
(ii)
(iii)
reflect the intention to integrate SHE into all operations, including compliance
with applicable standards.
(iv)
(v)
The second part of the policy should talk about Organisation (people and their
duties) and should also demonstrate how accountabilities are determined, and
how policy implementation is to be monitored.
(vi)
The third part of the policy should talk about Arrangements (System and
Procedures). This part should detail the practical arrangements in force to
assist in the overall policy implementation. These include SHE training, SHE
Audits/Inspections, Incidents Reporting, and Investigation, Safe Work
Procedures, Access/Permit to work systems, Risk and Impact Assessments,
Corporate Standards, SHE Objectives and Targets, SHE plan and SHE system
review.
This system covers areas like occupational health, occupational hygiene, risk
management, safety management and environmental risk management. Its criteria
include hazards identification and risk assessment, standards and procedures
development, compliance with procedures, standards and national legislation
compliance.
The Corporations affiliation to NOSA is of great importance in the light of the global
trends on occupational safety, health and environmental management program. The
affiliation will help the Corporation to cope with the up impending legislation, policies
and the impact of globalisation in the SHE area. For example, International Labour
Organisation convention 155, recommends that each member State formulates
policies and legislation on occupational safety, and environment, and Botswana has
ratified that convention, and SADC member States are currently pursuing a standard
SHE policy and legislation. NOSA as an organisation with global experience will help
the Corporation to absorb these kind of challenges.
To this end, WUC is a member of the Co-ordinating Committee on the Formulation of
the National Occupational Health and Safety Policy, and as such must be exemplary in
the development and implementation of a SHE program.
The new system implementation procedures are based on the following:
(i)
Risk assessment.
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)
(v)
(vi)
(vii)
i)
ii)
Legal requirements
Processes in any given areas
Activities in the geographical area
Tasks making up the processes or activities
iii)
Planned inspections
Planned maintenance systems
SHE audits
Planned tasks observations
The assessment covers Safety (injuries, fire, machinery, buildings, damages), Health
(occupational diseases, exposures, medical surveillance,) and Environment (waste
management, environmental impact assessment, conservation, ground, air, and
environmental protection and water pollution control). These must be carried out in
collaboration with the national authorities on the protection of employee health and
safety, and the protection, conservation and development of natural resources.
iv)
10
11
12
3.3
i)
ii)
iii)
14
(ii)
The need for same sectors to work closely with the NCS Co-ordinating Agency in
discharging their environmental responsibilities.
While The National Development Plan (NDP8) continues to place more emphasis on
the need to guarantee the sustainable management of the environment, it is
envisaged that the proposed EIA Legislation will be developed to cover amongst other
things, the necessity for new development projects to be accompanied by
professionally prepared EIA reports as a legally binding fundamental requirement.
Progress made to date at the national level includes the discussion on the following to
name just but a few;
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
Revision of the Water Act of 1968, which inter alia, lobbies for more statutory powers
in environmental management,
(e)
(f)
15
However in many instances water conservation and pollution control measures have
been effective due to good co-operation between various organisations and individuals
rather than due to statutory powers or supporting regulations
For example, even though the Water Act makes the pollution of water sources an
offence, developers are not required by law to bring their wastewater disposal plans to
the Water Apportionment Board for approval prior to construction. For example some
industries and agricultural activities were found to be discharging tremendous amounts
of effluent with unacceptable quality into the dam catchments, particularly Gaborone
dam. Even though there is no sound legal backing, these matters are being amicably
resolved through the Water Apportionment Board, Local Authorities and the Town and
Country Planning Board.
It is hoped that the revised Water Act, which was reviewed during the first stage of the
National Water Master Plan would, if enacted, amongst other things;
allow for the declaration of the protected areas where certain activities might be
prohibited by order of the Minister; where the discharge of certain wastes might be
prohibited; and where the existing water needs to be protected or otherwise
restricted;
establish much more serious penalties for pollution and enable the Government to
recover the costs of major environmental damage from the polluters in a more
meaningful way.
With regard to the first bullet above, a study was commissioned due to the serious
concerns about the impact of the continued construction of small dams in major
watercourses; e.g. there are over 200 small dams in the catchment area of Gaborone
Dam with notable impact on the dam.
With regard to the second bullet a study was completed on the development of
Protection Zones and Guidelines of Major Wellfields, Aquifers and Dams in Botswana,
which provide regulations for the protection of water sources without necessarily
impeding on the much needed economic and societal developments.
Enacting of the new Water Act would provide for the much needed and necessary
statutory powers to make these protection zones and guidelines legally binding.
3.3.6 Waste Management Act
This act requires companies to formulate waste management policy stipulating how
they are going to manage the waste they generate, and prevent environmental
pollution.
4.0 SHE IMPLEMENTATION STRUCTURES
4.1
The Corporation has over the past years established and reviewed its SHE institutional
establishment as well as both area and the Executive SHE Committees, in pursuant of
workable and effective structures as well as compliance with the established
standards.
The recent reforms in the SHE implementation have culminated in the establishment
of a Section, which is responsible to the Deputy Chief Executive, comprises of a
Section Head, the Safety and Environment Manager, a Senior Safety Officer, two
Safety Co-ordinators for South and North respectively and an Environmental Officer
The sections vision, mission and key objectives are as follows;
VISION
To be a leading provider of occupational safety, health and environmental
management within WUC operational areas.
MISSION
To provide and maintain global standard on occupational safety, heath and
environment within WUC.
OBJECTIVES
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)
(v)
(vi)
(vii)
(viii)
(ix)
17
4.2
Legal Appointments:
The 16(1) appointment of the Chief Executive as well as the rest of the 16(2)
appointments of the line managers' responsibilities for occupational safety, health and
environment have all by and large been done.
5.1
POSITIVE TRENDS
Below are some of the factors that are expected to provide an enabling environment
for the development and implementation a comprehensive SHE program;
18
5.2
(i)
The Corporations affiliation to NOSA will help a great deal to address global
SHE issues, and attainment of international standards.
(ii)
(iii)
Active participation and membership of the Corporation in a number of intersectoral associations and committees dealing with the various aspects of
environmental management, and safety and health issues.
(iv)
NEGATIVE TRENDS/CHALLENGES
On the other hand some of the challenges that have to be overcome include but are
not limited to the following;
(i)
(ii)
Failure to conduct initial Risk Assessment from the onset has resulted in efforts
not being risk based, hence duplication of efforts and or failure to address other
risks.
(iii)
(iv)
(v)
(vi)
(vii)
The Corporation has in the past till now failed to run a comprehensive
Occupational Health programme. Hence it is likely to find that most of existing
employees have contracted occupational diseases, which have not been found
before and that might escalate compensation claims thereby affecting our
workmans compensation premiums. Some may have been employed with
unnoticed disabilities.
(viii)
The Globalisation factor might bring us into competition with other organisations
getting into Water Treatment and Supply business. The Corporation is also
likely to deal with organisations that demand that it attains international
standards such as IS0 9000 for quality assurance and IS0 14000 for
environmental management.
19
(x)
(xi)
5.3
or
demanding
Publicity Strategy
The Publicity strategy is a continuous process of raising awareness, informing and
evaluation of the SHE implementation program or the impact of the program
implementation.
This process can be carried out through visual aids, short lectures
(SHE talks), articles publication in the quarterly magazine, and through competitions,
drama on designated day by the Corporation or set as a commemoration day for SHE.
The impact of the publicity can be evaluated through inspections and audits scheduled
by the Corporation.
The publicity can be carried out using the following strategies:
(i) Display of SHE posters
SHE section shall provide departments and sections with SHE posters to be
displayed in different offices.
Section and unit heads shall be responsible to ensure that posters talks are held
and understood
All those who saw and understood the poster shall write their names and sign for
acknowledgement.
The SHE section shall maintain a pool of SHE videos to be used to promote
awareness. These videos shall be used to address issues identified as posing
significant risks to specific departments, sections, groups or categories of staff.
20
SHE talks shall be used as a tool to address work preparations, tools, equipment
and personal protective equipment awareness.
SHE talks shall be held by each and every section supervisors to raise awareness
about a job at hand equipment needed and used personal protective equipment
and written safe work procedures.
On monthly basis the SHE section shall address each and every section on
problem issues particular to the section.
Sedibeng newsletter shall be used by the SHE section to express certain views or
publications pertaining to SHE management.
The SHE section shall submit articles on quarterly basis to the Sedibeng magazine
on issues such as incidents, SHE structures, SHE policy, SHE risk profile, SHE
problem areas etc.
The reference library shall keep articles such as SHE policy, SHE corporate
standards, written safe work procedures, presentations from the NOSHCON
conference, SHE magazines such as safety management, workers life, African
newsletter on occupational health and safety.
The library shall be open to all departments, sections and individuals interested in
gaining or gathering information on SHE management.
(vi)
21
SHE publicity day shall be a designated day by the Corporation which shall be
observed by all sectors of the Corporation and the day shall be reserved for Safety,
Health and Environment activities.
The day shall be promoted by offering staff with T-shirts printed with the theme of
the day.
Desired result
/objective
Responsibility
Duration &
frequency
Target
Cost
Evaluation
SHE video
shows
To raise
awareness
among
employees on
SHE specific
procedures or
hazards
SHE section,
SHE Reps,
Area
committees
30minutes,
once a week
WUC
employees
as required
by the risk
existing in the
line of
operation
P2000.00
To rent
VCR, TV
and
purchase
new videos
Inspections
& audits
SHE talks
To raise
awareness to
address a
specific SHE
problem that is of
concern
SHE section,
area
committees
30 minutes
once a week
on Mondays
employees
SHE
posters
To raise
awareness
among
employees and
the public
SHE section,
area
committees
Posters to
be rotated or
changed on
monthly
basis
Employees,
the public
Articles
To submit SHE
articles to
Sedibeng
magazine to
update
employees on the
SHE
implementation
progress
SHE section
quarterly
employees
SHE
publicity
day
To raise
awareness and
inform employees
about SHE
SHE section
Once a year
employees
22
Inspection
& audits
P5000.00
Purchase
new
posters
Inspection,
& audits
Inspection
& audits
P15000.00
Print Tshirts and
develop
Inspection
& audits
activities
5.4
posters
with a
theme for
the activity
The initial step in the system implementation is to conduct hazard identification and
risk assessment. The key role players must be trained by September 2002.
The SHE internal auditors must be trained before the first internal audit scheduled
for April 2003.
Incident investigators must be trained before the internal audit scheduled for April
2003. Other key role players such as first aiders, and fire team must be trained
before the external audit.
OBJECTIVE
TARGET DATE
DURATION
& VENUE
PARTICIPANTS
COST
WORK PLACE
RISK
ASSESSMENT
September,
2002
3 days,
Pretoria
P18700.00
Auditors course
To equip internal
auditors with the skill
and knowledge of
auditing new NOSA
integrated system
March/April
2003
5 days ,
Pretoria
P20900.00
SAMTRAC
June, 2003
10 days,
Pretoria
P18000.00
Incident
investigation
To enable our
investigators to
investigate incidents
as required by NOSA
system
May 2003
3 days ,
WUC
training
centre
20
P16000.00
September,
2003
3 days
20
P2800.00
23
P76400.00
TOTAL
COST
Desired Result
Action By
SHE
Strategy
Document
SHE SECTION
July 2001
Hazard
assessment
SHE SECTION
March 2002
NOSA integrated
systems kit
SHE
SECTION /ALL
June, 2002
NOSA
kit
implementation
SHE SECTION
June, 2002
SHE appointments
DCE/
SHE
SECTION
October, 2002
Risk assessment
proposal
Submit complete
proposal
SHE SECTION
October, 2002
SHE restructuring
Revised
structures
DCE/
SHE
SECTION
October,2002
SHE
strategic
document
Submit
complete
document
SHE SECTION
October, 2002
Disaster
Management
Strategic
Document
SHE
corporate
standards
formulation
WUC
corporate
standards
are
developed. launched and implemented
SHE SECTION
October, 2002
Risk assessment
SHE SECTION
May, 2003
Risk profile
SHE SECTION
May, 2003
Incident
investigation
ALL
May 2003
External audit
(north & south)
ALL
March, 2004
SHE
risk
assessment
implementation
SHE
strategy
24
Dec. 2002
DCE / SEM
WUC
audits
south
internal
(north &
SHE SECTION
Environmental
Management
To
develop
a
comprehensive
Environmental Policy stating the
Corporations aims and objectives
SEM/EO
March 2002
Dams
Management
Master Plan
A
sound
and
sustainable
environmental management plan of
WUC Dams
SEM/EO
December 2001
Environmental
Education
and
Awareness
Campaigns
EO/PRM
March 2002
Water
Conservation
Campaign
Water Savings
EO/PRM
March 2002
SEM
Development
Environmental
Standards
of
June 2002
Catchment audits
and
Biological
Water
Quality
Assessments
EO
August 2002
Biological Water
Quality
Assessment
Database
EO
March 2002
25
26
5.5
W UC SHE STRUCTURE
F ig u r e 1
C H IE F E X E C U T IV E O F F IC E R
H R D 1 6 (2 )
D C C S D 1 6 (2 )
T S D 1 6 (2 )
D C E /S M D 1 6 ( 2 )
C S 1 6 (2 )
F D 1 6 (2 )
IA M 1 6 ( 2 )
P M , IR M , P M S M , T D M
D M (S )( N ) , C S M (S ) (N ), P R M
A R M (N )( S )
S E (D )( P ), W Q M , IS M , S S M
S E M , S M , M M , T IM
C S M , LM M
FM, MA
S IA
A R E A C O M M IT T E E
REP.
A R E A C O M M IT T E E
REP.
A R E A C O M M IT T E E
REP.
A R E A C O M M IT T E E
REP.
A R E A C O M M IT T E E
REP.
A R E A C O M M IT T E E
REP.
A R E A C O M M IT T E E
REP.
S H E S E C T IO N
E X E C U T IV E S H E C O M M IT T E E
C H A IR M A N D C E /S M D 1 6 ( 1 )
F ig u re 2
U N IO N R E P X 2
P E /D E 1 6 ( 2 )
M M 1 6 (2 )
M A /F M 1 6 (2 )
S M 1 6 (2 )
D M 1 6 (2 )
W Q M 1 6 (2 )
S E C R E T A R IA T
S H E S E C T IO N
28
L M M 1 6 (2 )
C S M 1 6 (2 )
P R M 1 6 (2 )
P M /IR M 1 6 (2 )
C C S M 1 6 (2 )
CMT REP.
A R E A S H E C O M M IT T E E
C H A IR P E R S O N
1 6 (2 )
F ig u re 3
M ANAG EMENT
REP.
HR
M ANAG EMENT
REP.
F IN A N C E
M ANAG EM ENT
REP.
TS
M ANAG EMENT
REP.
C O R P .S E R V .
M ANAG EMENT
REP.
IS
M ANAG EMENT
REP.
C U S T .S E R V .
SHE REP.
SHE REP.
SHE REP.
SHE REP.
SHE REP.
SHE REP.
S H E C O O R D IN A T O R
29
30