4/20/2015

SQAandtestingfrequentlyaskeddefinitions|TechInterviews
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Testing>>SQAandtestingfrequentlyaskeddefinitions

SQAandtestingfrequentlyasked
definitions
Byadmin|March24,2006

Blackboxtesting
notbasedonanyknowledgeofinternaldesignorcode.Testsarebasedonrequirementsand
functionality.
Whiteboxtesting
basedonknowledgeoftheinternallogicofanapplicationscode.Testsarebasedoncoverageof
codestatements,branches,paths,conditions.
Unittesting
themostmicroscaleoftestingtotestparticularfunctionsorcodemodules.Typicallydoneby
theprogrammerandnotbytesters,asitrequiresdetailedknowledgeoftheinternalprogram
designandcode.Notalwayseasilydoneunlesstheapplicationhasawelldesignedarchitecture
withtightcodemayrequiredevelopingtestdrivermodulesortestharnesses.
Incrementalintegrationtesting
continuoustestingofanapplicationasnewfunctionalityisaddedrequiresthatvariousaspects
ofanapplicationsfunctionalitybeindependentenoughtoworkseparatelybeforeallpartsof
theprogramarecompleted,orthattestdriversbedevelopedasneededdonebyprogrammers
orbytesters.
Integrationtesting
testingofcombinedpartsofanapplicationtodetermineiftheyfunctiontogethercorrectly.The
partscanbecodemodules,individualapplications,clientandserverapplicationsona
network,etc.Thistypeoftestingisespeciallyrelevanttoclient/serveranddistributedsystems.
Functionaltesting
blackboxtypetestinggearedtofunctionalrequirementsofanapplicationthistypeoftesting
shouldbedonebytesters.Thisdoesntmeanthattheprogrammersshouldntcheckthattheir
codeworksbeforereleasingit(whichofcourseappliestoanystageoftesting.)
Systemtesting
blackboxtypetestingthatisbasedonoverallrequirementspecificationscoversallcombined
partsofasystem.
Endtoendtesting
similartosystemtestingthemacroendofthetestscaleinvolvestestingofacomplete
applicationenvironmentinasituationthatmimicsrealworlduse,suchasinteractingwitha
database,usingnetworkcommunications,orinteractingwithotherhardware,applications,or
systemsifappropriate.

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Sanitytesting
typicallyaninitialtestingefforttodetermineifanewsoftwareversionisperformingwell
enoughtoacceptitforamajortestingeffort.Forexample,ifthenewsoftwareiscrashing
systemsevery5minutes,boggingdownsystemstoacrawl,ordestroyingdatabases,the
softwaremaynotbeinasaneenoughconditiontowarrantfurthertestinginitscurrentstate.
Regressiontesting
retestingafterfixesormodificationsofthesoftwareoritsenvironment.Itcanbedifficultto
determinehowmuchretestingisneeded,especiallyneartheendofthedevelopmentcycle.
Automatedtestingtoolscanbeespeciallyusefulforthistypeoftesting.
Acceptancetesting
finaltestingbasedonspecificationsoftheenduserorcustomer,orbasedonusebyend
users/customersoversomelimitedperiodoftime.
Loadtesting
testinganapplicationunderheavyloads,suchastestingofawebsiteunderarangeofloadsto
determineatwhatpointthesystemsresponsetimedegradesorfails.
Stresstesting

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4/20/2015

SQAandtestingfrequentlyaskeddefinitions|TechInterviews

termoftenusedinterchangeablywithloadandperformancetesting.Alsousedtodescribe
suchtestsassystemfunctionaltestingwhileunderunusuallyheavyloads,heavyrepetitionof
certainactionsorinputs,inputoflargenumericalvalues,largecomplexqueriestoadatabase
system,etc.
Performancetesting
termoftenusedinterchangeablywithstressandloadtesting.Ideallyperformancetesting
(andanyothertypeoftesting)isdefinedinrequirementsdocumentationorQAorTestPlans.
Usabilitytesting
testingforuserfriendliness.Clearlythisissubjective,andwilldependonthetargetedend
userorcustomer.Userinterviews,surveys,videorecordingofusersessions,andother
techniquescanbeused.Programmersandtestersareusuallynotappropriateasusability
testers.
Install/uninstalltesting
testingoffull,partial,orupgradeinstall/uninstallprocesses.
Recoverytesting
testinghowwellasystemrecoversfromcrashes,hardwarefailures,orothercatastrophic
problems.
Securitytesting
testinghowwellthesystemprotectsagainstunauthorizedinternalorexternalaccess,willful
damage,etcmayrequiresophisticatedtestingtechniques.
Compatibilitytesting
testinghowwellsoftwareperformsinaparticularhardware/software/operating
system/network/etc.environment.
Exploratorytesting
oftentakentomeanacreative,informalsoftwaretestthatisnotbasedonformaltestplansor
testcasestestersmaybelearningthesoftwareastheytestit.
Adhoctesting
similartoexploratorytesting,butoftentakentomeanthatthetestershavesignificant
understandingofthesoftwarebeforetestingit.
Useracceptancetesting
determiningifsoftwareissatisfactorytoanenduserorcustomer.
Comparisontesting
comparingsoftwareweaknessesandstrengthstocompetingproducts.
Alphatesting
testingofanapplicationwhendevelopmentisnearingcompletionminordesignchangesmay
stillbemadeasaresultofsuchtesting.Typicallydonebyendusersorothers,notby
programmersortesters.
Betatesting
testingwhendevelopmentandtestingareessentiallycompletedandfinalbugsandproblems
needtobefoundbeforefinalrelease.Typicallydonebyendusersorothers,notby
programmersortesters.
Mutationtesting
amethodfordeterminingifasetoftestdataortestcasesisuseful,bydeliberatelyintroducing
variouscodechanges(bugs)andretestingwiththeoriginaltestdata/casestodetermineifthe
bugsaredetected.Properimplementationrequireslargecomputationalresources.
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DE FINITIONS

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