The locomotive EURO4000:

Optimization of the rail freight transport by the modern

Diesel Traction
UNIFE-VDB Seminar: Innotrans 2008
Technologies Drive Markets Railway Rolling Stock
Ricardo Albelda
Engineering Vice-president

Contents

Introduction
Trends in Transport and Logistics
Why Rail Transport
New vision and challenges of the Rail Transport: efficiency,
competitiveness and profitability
Diesel Traction
High Power Diesel Traction

Euro 4000
Technical Approach
Euro 4000: homologation
Euro 4000: Options
Euro 4000: Family

Introduction
Trends in transport and logistics

Background:

Trends:

Increasing globalization
New production techniques:
outsourcing

The international freight transport growth

rate is above the GDP growth rate:

Offshoring
The new global production areas in
China and Southeast Asia

More freight transported

More areas covered

Expansion of tourism
Increase in consumer demand of:
exotic products, fresh fruit

Introduction
Trends in transport and logistics
High logistic costs for the companies
Congestion on highways
Accidents
The growing social awareness of the environment: Energy
efficiency, climate change, emissions and noise

Urgent need for more efficient logistics and a more

intelligent and sustainable transport.

Introduction
Why Rail Transport
TRANSPORT CHALLENGES

RAIL CONTRIBUTION

Energy
Consumption

30% of total energy consumption.

98% dependent on oil

Rail is the most efficient transport mode. It uses 3 6 times less energy than road to transport the same
amount of tons.

Emissions

Increased by 34.9% since 1990, while in other

sectors decreased by 3.1%.

Rail is the most environmentally friendly mode of

transport. In freight transport, rail emissions are below
a third of those of an average truck.

Climate
Change

Transport is responsible of >25%

of total CO2 emissions

Rail share of total GHG Emissions from EU Transport

is only 0.6%

External
Costs *

EU transport related pollution costs 160 billion

per year (360 per year per citizen).

Cost Externalities of rail freight are bellow a quarter

of those for road freight

Growing
Demand

Since 1995, annual growth rates in EU27 were 1.7

for Passenger Transport and 2.8 for Freight.
Increasing Energy Consumption, Congestion
and Land Use.

Modal shift to rail will diminish Energy

Consumption, Road Congestion and Land Use: A
double track railway connection has the same
transport ability as a 16-lane superhighway with 8
lanes in each direction

Safety

Specially concern in road transport (fatalities,

accidents)

Number of accidents involving personal injury is much

less in rail than in road transport

* In terms of accidents, air pollution, climate change, noise, and deterioration of landscape, habitats and the urban environment.

Co-operation between all transport modes is essential; railways as the most efficient and
sustainable mode, must play an important roll in Transport Policies and Globalization.

Introduction
New vision and new challenges of the rail transport:
efficiency, competitiveness and profitability
Despite European regulations and political communities, the main challenge for railway
transport to increase its market share is:

To come closer to the priorities of the final client:

Reliable transport

Offer:

Competitive costs

Quality of service

Security of the load

Efficiency

Management of information

Security

Time required in the transport and

the loading/unloading
Frequency of transport
Ecological aspects

Competitive costs compared to

roadways
Reduction of environmental
damage
6

Introduction
New vision and new challenges of the rail transport:
efficiency, competitiveness and profitability
Demands of the operators:
1.
2.
3.
4.

5.

6.
7.
8.

Reliability of the locomotives

Low costs of maintenance and operation
Flexibility
Introduction of new technologies:

Control systems

Information and communication systems, etc.

Movable equipment capable to carry more cargo:

Locomotives with great drag ability,

With technologies that enable the formation of long trains,

Low tare and great resistance wagons to lift more tonnes, etc.
Compliance with European and national standards: crash, noise,
emissions, comfort of the cabin
Approval of the material in the different countries where they circulate
Easy in crossing borders with interoperable material and with
agreements between countries

Introduction
Diesel Electric Rail Traction.
Diesel Infrastructure and Operation Advantages.
Infrastructure price reduction, both in investment and in maintenance.
No electromagnetic disturbances.
System no affected by an overhead line fail or a cut of tension.
Simplifications of the loading/uploading operations in terminals.
Flexibility of operation, can go anywhere.
Double-stack containerization.
Environment: New emissions technology required for NRMM will make diesel
locomotives cleaner. Electric are only clean in the point of use. Much better visual impact
than an electrified line.
Top speed of freight trains is 120km/h (140km/h in exceptional cases), therefore
electrification is not needed. The advantages of electric locomotives begin at higher speed.

Improving productivity
and competitiveness

Introduction
Diesel Electric Rail Traction.
Network Interoperatibility issues

Diesel provides
Greater flexibility

Introduction
Diesel Electric Rail Traction.
Electrified Railway Lines
Average in EU27:
100

49,8%

90
80
70

Diesel is essential in half

of EU railway lines

60
50
40
30
20
10

Source: Energy & Transport in figures, 2007. EC,

Directorate General Energy and Transport
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Diesel is essential in most

worldwide railway lines

Source: UIC Statistics, 2003

Introduction
High Diesel Rail Traction Power

High diesel traction power is required to:

Increase high diesel power product range and

give customers more choices according to their
operation necessities and network operatibility
issues.

350,0

Heavier
Heavier trains
trains
at
at same
same speed
speed

300,0

Effective Tractive Effort(kN)

Increase load capacity less fleet required for

the operator reduce managing costs, personnel
costs and maintenance costs.

Locomotive Performance Comparison

400,0

250,0

Higher
Higher speed
speed
with
with same
same train
train
load
load

200,0

Loco1600kwRimPower
Loco2660RimPower

150,0

100,0

50,0

0,0
0

20

40

60

80

Speed (km/h)

Diminish fuel consumption per ton-km (costs per

ton-km go down as haul increases)

100

120

140

EURO 4000
Design Objectives

To design a 6-AXLE DIESEL-ELECTRIC Locomotive ...

... that carries the MAXIMUM LOAD possible,
... runs at the HIGHEST SPEED possible,
... with the LOWEST OPERATING COST possible,
... in order to offer our customers the WIDEST RANGE OF OPERATION.

EURO 4000
Design Objectives. Compliant with EU Regulations

... that includes European superior comfort standards

EU Standards compliance
Noise emissions: TSI CR Noise 01/06-ST05
Exhaust emissions: EU 97/68 Stage IIIA (EPA Tier II eq)
Front side crash protection: EN15227:2008
Carbody Structure in accordance with EN12663
2 cabs based on UIC 651 & DIN 5566
Integrated European drivers desk (central position)
Cab visibility: UIC 651
Front window impact: UIC 651 (360 kph projectile speed)
Bogie frame design and test EN13749 (UIC 615-4)
Wheel EN13262, EN13979-1
Wheel sets EN13260
Axles EN13261, EN13104
Fire: DIN 5510
Axle box Bearing: EN12080, EN 12081

Design-proven product
Built using standard EMD
components
Fully proven in commercial
service
Existing in thousands of
locomotives worldwide
No obsolescence

EURO 4000
General Arrangement
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
6)
7)
8)
9)
10)
11)
12)
13)
14)
15)
16)
17)
18)
19)
20)
21)
22)

EURO 4000
Carbody Structure

Light integral body

Welded monocoque car-body
Crashworthiness EN 15227:2008
Designed for suspended cabs

Central desk
Air conditioning
Dust bin blower
Inertial filter
Traction generator
Dynamic brake fan
Diesel engine filter
Silencer
Water tank
Oil cooler
Radiators fan
Radiators
Bogie
Diesel engine
Fuel tank
Main air reservoir
Traction motor fan
Traction
generator fan
Sanding box
Compressor
Brake unit
Electrical cabinet
Bogie

EURO 4000
Cab Design

New ergonomic and high comfort driver cab

Reduced noise and vibration
Auxiliary control desk next to both sliding side windows (opt.)
Air-conditioning
Refrigerator cabinet
230 V AC sockets

EURO 4000
Powered with EMD Technology: Diesel Engine

EMD 16-710 Engine is a well proven technology

Over 2,600 engines produced

Largest Single Locomotive Order in history
1000 SD70Ms
EURO 4000 uses the same engine and
alternator as SD70M
Meets EPA, UIC and EU Emissions
Regulations

EURO 4000
Powered with EMD Technology: Main Alternator

Over 2,000 AR 20 alternators produced.

Set of alternators mechanically linked but electrically
independent
Main - Auxiliary HEP

Freight: AR20 + CA6

Passengers: AR11 + CA6 + HE8

HEP: 450 kVA, AC 1000V, 1-ph 22 Hz

2 rectifiers
Single bearing equipment

EURO 4000
Powered with EMD Technology: Traction Systems

EM 2000 AC-DC Locomotive control

Isolated electrical cabinet
Over 4,100 D43 traction motors in service

Traction Motor D43

Current: DC
Ventilation: Forced
Number: 6
Connection: Parallel
Assembly: Nose Suspended

EURO 4000
Diesel Auxiliary Systems

Separate accessory rack

Preheating system
Webasto
Electrical pre-lube system
Simplified maintenance.

EURO 4000
Brake System

Microprocessors controlled UIC brake system

Direct brake
Spring loaded parking brake
Service brake
Emergency brake
Dynamic Brake
600 Amp
1600 kW power capability
Passenger version
Blending function
EP, NB Brake according to UIC 541-5

EURO 4000
Cooling System

Removable hatch with 2 cooling fans

Split cooling system:

Water Jacket and Aftercooler

Antifreeze
Link Valve
External Shutters

EURO 4000
Air Filtration and Ventilation Systems

Centralized ventilation system

Two filtration stages
Primary
Inertial Filters

Secondary
Fine filters
Diesel Engine
Electrical cabinets
Air compressor

EURO 4000
Safety Systems: Foreseen for Different Countries

Germany: Indusi IR60 (PZB)

The Netherlands: ATBL- NL

Belgium: Memor/Euro TBL

Spain: ASFA

France: KVB

Other safety systems upon request. For example: ETCS

EURO 4000
Truck Design

Low maintenance bogie

DESCRIPTION

Standard components

MOTOR BOGIE FOR A CoCo DIESEL - ELECTRIC

LOCOMOTIVE.
SPEED: 120-160 Km/h (75-100 MPH)

Cannon-box system
Mechanical transverse guidance
Welded Frame

ELECTRO-PNEUMATIC AND DISC BRAKE

GAUGE: 1,435 mm (opt. 1,668 mm)
WHEELBASE: 3,600 mm

Nose suspended traction motors

BOGIE WEIGHT: 20.5 T.

WHEEL DIAMETER : 1,067 mm

UNIVERSAL Co BOGIE FOR

DIESEL LOCOMOTIVES
FREIGHT AND
PASSANGER SERVICES

EURO 4000
Freight & Passenger versions
BASIC CHARACTERISTICS
Locomotive
Axle Arrangement
Gauge
Weight
Maximum Speed
Brake System
Structure
Number of Cabs
Starting Effort
Min. Negotiable Curve
Fuel Tank
Mltiple Unit

BASIC CHARACTERISTICS
Locomotive
Axle Arrangement
Gauge
Weight
Maximum Speed
Brake System

Co'Co'
1.435 mm
123 Tn
120 km/h
UIC Electropneum.
Monocoque
2
400 kN
100 m
7.000 l
27 PIN

Diesel Engine
Manufacturer
Model
UIC Power
Number of Cylinders
Bore & Stroke
Nominal Speed

EMD
16-710 G3C-T2
3.178 kW
V16 (45)
230,19 mm x 279,4
mm
900 rpm

Traction Drive
Main Generator
Auxiliary Generator
Traction Motor
Traction Motor Connection
Dynamic Brake

AR20
CA6
D43TRC
Parallel
600 Amp

Structure
Number of Cabs
Starting Effort
Min. Negotiable Curve
Fuel Tank
Mltiple Unit
Diesel Engine
Manufacturer
Model
UIC Power
Number of Cylinders
Bore & Stroke
Nominal Speed
Traction Drive
Main Generator
Auxiliary Generator
Traction Motor
Traction Motor Connection
Dynamic Brake
HEP Generator

EURO 4000
Freight & Passenger Performances
Tractive Effort / Speed CURVE
4000 HP LOCOMOTIVE
71:18 GR - 1067 mm WH
UIC CONDITIONS
425
400
375
350
325
300

AR20 GENERATOR
6 D43 TRACTION MOTORS
16-710 G3B ENGINE

Tractive Effort (kN)

275
250
225
200
175
150
125
100
75
50
25

Tolerance : 3 %

0
0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

Speed (km/h)

80

90

100

110

120

Co'Co'
1435 mm
126 Tn
160 km/h
UIC Electropneum.
Monocoque
2
325 kN
100 m
6.000 l
ZWS

EMD
16-710 G3C-T2
3.178 kW
V16 (45)
230,19 mm x 279,4
mm
900 rpm

AR11
CA6
D43TRC
Parallel
600 Amp
HE8 - 450 kW,
1000V 22/50 Hz

EURO 4000
Homologation and Cross-border Operatibility.

Homologation process already started for the following countries:

Spain (finished)

Sweden

Germany

Norway

Holland

France

Belgium

Poland

Portugal

Cross-Border operability:

Germany-Belgium-Netherlands

Spain-Portugal

Germany-Netherlands-Poland

Germany-Belgium-France

Sweden-Norway

Other Countries
customers request.

and

Cross-border

configurations

available

upon

EURO 4000
Options
160
km/h

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Supp

more

EURO 4000 Family

Power
Power
From 3000
to 4500 HP

From 19 to 22
ton/axle

Light
Light
Weight
Weight

From 120
to 200 km/h

Speed
Speed

EURO 4000

Thank you!!!