Documenti di Didattica
Documenti di Professioni
Documenti di Cultura
13.Describe in brief the principles of one lung anesthesia?Justify the need and
indications for post operative ventilatory support
14.What are the anesthetic implications for laser surgery of the airway? Briefly
describe the preventive measures?
15.Describe in a stepwise manner management of uterine atony during cesarean
section
16.What is the difference between partial and total cardiopulmonary by pass during
open heart surgery?Describe the complications associated with cardio pulmonary
by pass
17.Discuss the anaesthetic concerns in a patient with end stage renal disease?
Differentiate between peritoneal dialysis and hemodialysis
18.Describe the precautions that need to be taken when positioning anaesthetised
patients in prone position?Give an account of positive pressure ventilation in
prone position
19.What are the perioperative risks in patients with uncontrolled hyperthyroidism?
How will you manage such a patient posted for emergency surgery?
20.Describe in detail the anaesthetic management of a patient with coronary artery
disease posted for microlaryngeal surgery. What are the main postoperative
problems, their prevention, and management?
21.A 70 year old male with a drug eluting stent placed 2 years ago following
myocardial infarction is scheduled for transurethral resection of prostate. Describe
the anaesthetic management?
22.Discuss in brief the causes management and outcome of ARDS. What is the end
point of resuscitation in sepsis?
23.Describe the role of patient simulator in anaesthesia and critical care training
mentioning a few clinical scenarios where it can be useful?
24.Describe current opinion on managing pain in ICU?What is the role of sedation in
ICU patients?
13.Describe in brief the principles of one lung anesthesia?Justify the need and
indications for post operative ventilatory support
14.What are the anesthetic implications for laser surgery of the airway? Briefly
describe the preventive measures?
15.Describe in a stepwise manner management of uterine atony during cesarean
section
16.What is the difference between partial and total cardiopulmonary by pass during
open heart surgery?Describe the complications associated with cardio pulmonary
by pass
17.Discuss the anaesthetic concerns in a patient with end stage renal disease?
Differentiate between peritoneal dialysis and hemodialysis
18.Describe the precautions that need to be taken when positioning anaesthetised
patients in prone position?Give an account of positive pressure ventilation in
prone position
19.What are the perioperative risks in patients with uncontrolled hyperthyroidism?
How will you manage such a patient posted for emergency surgery?
20.Describe in detail the anaesthetic management of a patient with coronary artery
disease posted for microlaryngeal surgery. What are the main postoperative
problems, their prevention, and management?
21.A 70 year old male with a drug eluting stent placed 2 years ago following
myocardial infarction is scheduled for transurethral resection of prostate. Describe
the anaesthetic management?
22.Discuss in brief the causes management and outcome of ARDS. What is the end
point of resuscitation in sepsis?
23.Describe the role of patient simulator in anaesthesia and critical care training
mentioning a few clinical scenarios where it can be useful?
24.Describe current opinion on managing pain in ICU?What is the role of sedation in
ICU patients?
------------------------------------------------------------------------12)ANS
1.Clinical tests for evaluation of autonomic nervous system(June 2008).[Pg 295Miller 7th ed]
2.A 50 year old male and known diabetic is scheduled for upper abdominal
surgery.How will you evaluate the ANS?(Dec 2009).
3.How is autonomic neuropathy evaluated preoperatively?What is its significance in anaesthesia?(June 2012).
4.What is significance of autonomic neuropathy in diabetes mellitus?How can it
be assessed?(Dec 2012)
------------------------------------------------------------------------13)CNS Physiology
1.Regulation of CBF(Dec 2001).
-Discuss the regulation of CBF(June 2008).
2.Regulation of ICP(June 2001)
3.ICP(Dec 2003).
4.How is CBF regulated?What is the effect of various anaesthetic drugs on
CBF?(June 2009).
-Enumerate the factors regulating CBF and the effect of various anaesthetic
drugs on CBF(June 2010)[Pg25-RACE 2008]
5.What is cerebral autoregulation?Discuss the implications of various inhalational anaesthetic agents on cerebral auroregulation(June 2011).[Pg 615,6,619Morgan 4rth ed]
------------------------------------------------------------------------15)Respiratory Physiology.
ODC
1.oxygen dissociation curve(Dec 1996).
2.Oxygen cascade,oxygen transport and Oxygen Dissociation Curve(June 2005).
3.Describe the oxygen hemoglobin dissociation curve.How does it differ from
the carbon dioxide dissociation curve?(Dec 2011).
FRC
1.FRC(Dec 1998).
2.Define FRC.What is its significance in anaesthesia?(Dec 2008).
3.Define FRC and closing volume.Describe their clinical significance(Jun 2011).
ANATOMY OF LARYNX
1.Tracheo-bronchial tree with diagram(June 1999).[Pg 2 Ajay yadav]
2.Discuss the anatomy of diaphragm with a diagram.How does it behave under
different stages of anaesthesia(June 1999).[Pg 49-RACE 2003,Pg 553Morgan]
3.Anatomy of larynx.Enumerate with diagrams the types of vocal cord palsies(June 2005).
4.Describe the anatomy of larynx and its innervations.What are the differences
between neonatal and adult larynx?(June 2012).
5.Describe the innervations of larynx and the palsises following nerve in jury
with the help of diagram(s)(Dec 2012)
1.Closing volume of the lung and its measurement(June 1997).
2.Lung compliance(June 2006).
3.Discuss the distribution of ventilation and perfusion in a normal lung with
the help of a labeled diagram.What are the factors affecting ventilation perfusion ratio?(June 2009).
4.HPV(June 2005)(June 2009). [Pg 1054-Barasch 6th ed,Pg 29-RACE 2009]
5.Describe the metabolic functions of the lung(Dec 2009).
6.What are the major causes of hypoxemia?What is HPV?How can GA worsen
v/q mismatch(Dec 2010).
7.Define Fink effect,Diffusion hypoxia and second gas effect.How are they of
importance to the anaesthetist?(Dec 2011).
8.Define and classify dead space ventilation.Define minute ventilation.Under
what conditions is minute ventilation increased?(June 2012).
------------------------------------------------------------------------16)Cardiac Physiology
1.Coronary circulation(June 1996)[Pg 752-Stoelting physio pharma]
2.Describe the arterial circulation of the heart with the aid of a diagram mentioning the unique features of coronary blood flow.Explain the Goldmans cardiac risk index and its importance to the anaesthetist(June 2000).[Pg 21-RACE
2001,Pg 137-RACE 2003]
3.Factors affecting coronary circulation(June 2002).
4.Describe coronary circulation.Discuss factors affecting oxygen demand and
supply to the myocardium(Dec 2010).
------------------------------------------------------------------------17)Hepatic Physiology-Pathology
1.Plasma proteins and anaesthesia(Dec 1999).
2.Discuss synthetic functions of the liver.What is the role of albumin in pharmacokinetics?(June 2011).
------------------------------------------------------------------------18)Renal Physiology
1.Regulation of kidney in acid base balance(Dec 1995).
2.Discuss the countercurrent mechanism in the kidney.Discuss the renal protection strategies during preoperative period(Dec 2003).
3.Role of kidney in acid base balance(Dec 2004)(June 2006).
4.Define base excess.How do kidneys compensate for acid base balance?(June
2011).[Pg 712 Morgan 4th ed]
5.Describe the countercurrent mechanism in the kidney.Discuss the renal protection strategies during perioperative period(June 2012).
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------SECTION III
19)Basic Principles of Pharmacology.
1.Continous infusion of drugs in anaesthesia(June 1994)
2.Interactions of pre-existing drug therapy with anaesthetic agents and techniques(June 1996).
-Drug interactions(June 2006).[Pg 7-RACE 2002,Pg 601-ISACON 2009]
------------------------------------------------------------------------20)Inhaled Anaesthetics-MOA
1.Minimum alveolar concentration(Dec 1996)
2.Sevoflurane(June 1997).[Pg 173-Morgan]
3.Sevoflurane Vs Desflurane(June 2000).[Pg 172-173-Morgan]
4.Isoflurane Vs.Sevoflurane(Dec 2003).
5.Nitrous oxide:current status(June 2008).[CEACCP 2005 vol 5 no.5,IJA
2007,Pg 433-ISACON 2009]
6. Compare and contrast Sevoflurane and isoflurane(Dec 2008)
7.Define minimum alveolar concentration.What are the factors affecting
MAC?What is its significance in anaesthesia?(June 2009).[Pg 163-Morgan]
8.What is minimum alveolar concentration?Discuss the factors which effect the
alveolar concentration of an inhalational agent(Dec 2010).
------------------------------------------------------------------------22)Pulmonary Pharmacology
------------------------------------------------------------------------23)CVS Pharmacology
1.CCBs in surgical patients(June 1994).
2.Compare and contrast dopamine and dobutamine as an inotropic agent(Dec
2006).
3.Classify inotropes on the basis of their mechanism of actions.Compare dopamine and dobutamine(June 2009).
4.Classify antihypertensive drugs.Describe the management of hypertensive
emergency(Dec 2009).[Pg 448-451-Morgan,Pg 301-ISACON 2009]
-Classify antihypertensive drugs.Describe the management of a hypertensive
episode during anaesthesia(Dec 2010).
4.Draw schematic diagrams of various types of Maplesonsbreathing circuits.Give the functional analysis,advantages and disadvantages of Bain circuit(June 2010)
5.Describe the functional analysis of Bains circuit.How will you check the functional integrity of Bains circuit(June 2011).
VAPORIZERS
1.Types of plenum vaporizers(Dec 1995).
2.Charecteristics of ideal vaporizer(June 2004).
3.Classify vaporizers.Briefly mention the effects of altered barometric pressure
on the performance of the vaporizers(June 2008).[Pg 15-RACE 2006]
4.Classify vaporizers.Discuss the effect of altered barometric pressure on the
performance of vaporizers?(Dec 2010).[Pg 179-ISACON 2009]
5.What are the two major effects of pressure fluctuation in tha anaesthesia machine on vaporizer output?Describe the improvisations in designing to overcome this problem(June 2011)[Pg 128-Dorsch & Dorsch]
3.Describe the anaesthesia machine check protocol prior to induction of anaesthesia(Dec 2010).
1.Evolution of rotameter(June 1999).
2.What is low flow anaesthesia?Discuss its advantages and disadvantages(Dec
2006)(June 2011).
3.Functional analysis of pressure reducing valve(June2007)[Pg 95-Wards]
4.Link 25 proportioning system(Dec 2007).[Pg 109-110-D &D]
5.Role of humidification in anaesthesia practice(Dec 2008).
6.What are the different types of carbondioxide absorbents?Describe their
composition.Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of each(June 2012).
7.What is relative and absolute humidity?What are active and passive humidifiers?What are their advantages and disadvantages?(Dec 2012)
------------------------------------------------------------------------26)IV Anaesthetics.
ADRENERGIC DRUGS
GENERAL
1.Adrenergic receptor antagonist and their uses(Dec 1994)
2.Name the adrenergic agonists and antagonists.Describe in detail their uses in
anaesthesia practice(June 2005).
3.Adrenergic agonists(June 2006).
BETA BLOCKERS
1.Beta receptor blockade :-its relation in anaesthesia(June 1996).[Pg 32-OAR]
2.Perioperative beta blocker therapy(Dec 2007).[Pg 597-ISACON 2009]
3.Manifestation and treatment of beta adrenergic toxicity(June 1997).[Pg 330SPP]
ALPHA-2 AGONISTS
1.Clinical use of alpha 2 agonists in anaesthesia(Dec 2004).
->CLONIDINE
1.Clonidine in anaesthesia practice(June2007).
2.Clonidine in anaesthesia and ICU(June 2008).
3.Discuss PK and PD of clonidine and its role in clinical practice(June 2011).
->DEXMEDETOMIDINE
1.Dexmedetomidine:Clinical applications and complications(June 2008).
2.Dexmedetomidine(June 2010).
3.Discuss pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of dexmedetomidine.What
is its role in clinical practice(June 2012).[Pg 96-RACE 2011,IJA 2011]
PROPOFOL
1.Propofol(June 1996)[Pg 154-Stoelting PP]
2.Compare Propofol with Midazolam(June 1999).
3.Propofol as compared to Thiopentone(Dec 1999).
4.Disscuss the MOA,PD and PK of propofol(Dec 2011)
1.Impact of cancer therapy on anaesthetic management(Dec 1994)
2.Midazolam(1996-2000).
3.Untoward effects of intravenous sodium bicarbonate(Dec 1997).
4.Role of corticosteroids in the practice of anaesthesiology(June 2000).
------------------------------------------------------------------------27)Opoids.
1.What are the various routes of administration of morphine?Discuss the
pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of epidural morphine(June 1996).[Pg
90-Stoelting physio-pharma]
2.Remifentanyl(June 1998).
-Remifentanyl in clinical practice(June 2001)
3.Narcotic antagonists(June 1998).[Pg 120-Stoelting physio-pharma]
4.Spinal opiate receptors(Dec 1999).
5.Pharmacology of fentanyl congenial(Dec 2000)
6.What are the various routes of administration of opoids?Discuss the merits
and demerits of each.(Dec 2001).
8.Transdermal opoids(June 2003).
9.Acute pain relief in opoid dependant pain(June 2004).
10.Mention the intrathecal and epidural opoids in clinical practice and their
complications(June 2006).
11.Various epidural narcotics for management of postoperative pain(Dec 2006)
12.Epidural opiates in anaesthesia practice(Dec 2007).[Pg 397-Morgan]
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
30)Local Anaesthetics
LAST
1.Management of local anaesthetic toxicity(June 2000).[Pg 59 ISACON 2008]
2.Treatment of systemic toxicity of LA drugs(June 2003).
3.Lipid emulsion for the treatment of local anaesthetic toxicity-mechanism and
dosage(June 2008).
4.Role of lipid emulsions in local anaesthetic toxicity(June 2010).
5.Discuss the clinical manifestations of local anaesthetic toxicity and its management(June 2011).
6.Describe the toxicity of commonly used local anaesthetic agents and its management(June 2012)
1.Mechanism of action of local anaesthetic agents(June 1997).[Pg 181-Stoelting
pp,Pg 265-Morgan]
2.Complication of local anaesthetics(June 1999).
3.Ropivacaine(June 2002).
ARRYTHMIAS
1.Prevention and treatment of ventricular arrhythmias during GA(Dec 1995).
2.Cardiac arryhthmias during anaesthesia(Dec1996)
3.Discuss the etiology and management of SVTs during surgical procedures(June 1998)/Management of multifocal ventricular ectopics during anaesthesia(June 1998).
4.Discuss the etiology and management of various cardiac arrhythmias occurring during anaesthesia(Dec 2003)(Dec 2004).
5.Desribe the cardiac conduction system.How do you manage a patient with
PSVT?(Dec 2010).
6.Describe the common arrhythmias encountered during pre-operative period.Discuss the therapeutic uses of Amiodarone(June 2011).
7.Discuss the etiology and management of Supra Ventricular arrhythmias during surgery under GA(June 2012)
BRONCHOSPASM
1.Intraoperative bronchospasm(Dec 1995)[Pg 111-RACE 2008]
2.Management of intraoperative bronchospasm(June 2007)[update in anaesthesia]
3.Bronchospasm during anaesthesia and immediate postop period and its
management(Dec 1999)[Pg 53-ISACON 2009]
4.Intraoperative bronchospasm(Dec 2004).
5.Discuss the differential diagnosis of introperative bronchospasm.How will
you manage it?(Dec 2011).
6.What is the differential diagnosis of intraoperative bronchospasm?How will
you manage it?(June 2012).
7.Describe the differential diagnosis of intra-operative bronchospasm.Write
down its management(Dec 2012).
LARYNGOSPASM
1.Laryngospasm during anaesthesia(Dec 2007).[Yao,Ph 441-ISACON 2009]
2.Enumerate the causes and differential diagnosis of post extubation laryngospasm.How will you manage it(Dec 2011)
ANAPHYLAXIS(ANAPHYLACTOID) REACTIONS
1.Clinical manifestations and management of anaphylactic reactions in anaesthesia practice(June 1995).
2.Hypersensitivity reaction in anaesthesia practice(Dec 1995).
3.Discuss the pathophysiology and management of anaphylactoid reactions in
anaesthesia(June 2001)(Dec 2001).
4.Identification of anaphylaxis under GA and its management/Anaphylactoid
reaction during anaesthesia(June 2003)(Dec 2003).
5.Recognition and management of anaphylaxis during general anaesthesia(Dec
2003).
6.Anaphylactic reaction on the operation table(Dec 2005).
7.Management of acute anaphylaxis(June 2008).
8.Clinical manifestations and management of a patient with acute anaphylaxis(June 2010).
9.Discuss clinical manifestations and management of acute anaphylaxis(Dec
2011).
10.Enumerate the agents implicated in allergic reactions during anaesthesia.How would you manage a patient with anaphylaxis during anaesthesia?(Dec
2012).
INFECTIONS
1.Infections related to anaesthesia practice(Dec 2001).[Pg 974-Morgan]
2.Transmission and precaution against HIV in hospital setting(June 1995).
.HIV and anaesthesia(June 2003).
.AIDS(June 2004).
.AIDS and the anaesthesiologist(June 2005).
3.Hepatitis B and anaesthesiologist(Dec 2000)(Dec 2004).[IJA 2004]
DELAYED RECOVERY
1.Possible causes of delayed recovery from GA(Dec 2004). [Pg 269-ISACON
2009]
2.What are the potential causes of delayed resumption of spontaneous recovery
after abdominal surgery with general anaesthesia.Discuss the problem,its diagnosis and management(June 2005).[Pg 112-RACE 2002]
3.Discuss the causes of delayed recovery from anaesthesia and the management(June 2006).
4.Discuss the causes of delayed recovery following GA(Dec 2008).
DESATURATION
1.Management of a patient who is not maintaining oxygen saturation after an
elective abdominal surgery(Dec 2005).
2.List the various causes of reduced arterial oxygen tension in the intraoperative period and outline their management(June 2010).
3.A 30 year old female ASA Grade 1 following exploratory laparotomy,is not
maintaining oxygen saturation in the postop period.Discuss its causes and
management(June 2011).
PMI
1.Prevention and treatment of intra-operative MI(June 2000).[pg 298-IJA 2007]
2.Discuss the diagnosis and management of MI in a patient undergoing noncardiac surgery(Dec 2008)[Pg 287-302-IJA 2007]
HTN
1.Etiology and treatment of hypertension during surgery(June 1994).
2.Define perioperative hypertension.Describe the causes and management(Dec
2005).
3.What are the causes of intra-operative hypertension in a previously normotensive patient?Discus various modalities to manage it
HYPERCAPNIA
1.CO2 carriage in blood and effects of hypercapnia(June 1995)
2.What are the causes of hypercarbia during the intraoperative period.Discuss
the effects and management(June 2006).
PULMONARY EDEMA
1.Treatment of acute pulmonary edema(Dec 1994).
2.Pulmonary edema in intraoperative and immediate postoperative period(June
2002).
BLOOD LOSS
1.Blood loss monitors(Dec 1995)
2.Discuss the management of massive blood loss(June 2007).[ATOTW 136]
3.Write an algorithm for the management of early haemorrhagic shock.What are
the goals in early resuscitation during active bleeding?(Dec 2012)
HYPOTENSION
1.Aetiology and management of hypotension during anaesthesia(June 1996).
2.Hypotension during anaesthesia(Dec 1998).[ATOTW 148]
OCCUPATIONAL HAZARDS
1.Occupational hazards for/to the anaesthetist(June 1996)(June 2001)(Dec
2001)(Dec 2003)[CEACCP]
2.Describe in detail the occupational hazards to anaesthetists(Dec 2005).
1.Causes of perioperative seizures(Dec 1994)
2.Peripheral nerve injury under anaesthesia is preventable complication(Dec
2000).
3.Risk and management of pulmonary aspiration(Dec 2000)
------------------------------------------------------------------------34)Preoperative Evaluation.
PAC
1.PAC clinic(June 1994).
2.Preoperative visits(Dec 1999).
3.ASA physical status classification for preoperative anaesthetic risk assessment(June 2010).
4.What are the goals of pre-anaesthetic check up?ASA risks grading and fasting
guidelines(Dec 2011).[Pg 1002 Miller 7th ed]
SMOKING
1.Hazards of smoking relevant to anaesthetist(June 1997).
2.Discuss the assessment,preparation and problems of anaesthesia in a chronic
smoker for cholecystectomy(Dec 1999).
3.Enumerate the effects of chronic smoking and the anaesthetic implications(Dec 2008).
4.Chronic smoking and the anaesthesiologist(June 2009).[IJA 2009]
5.Describe the effects of smoking and its anaesthetic implications(Dec 2010).
LIVER DISEASE
1.Assessment of risk factors for patient with moderate to severe liver disease(Dec 2001).[RACE 2011]
2.Preoperative preparation and surgical risk assessment in a patient with cirrhosis of liver(June 2000).[Pg 1269-1271-Barasch]
3.Pre-anaesthetic evaluation and preparation of a patient with portal hypertension for lieno renal shunt(June 2007)
IHD
1.Evaluation of cardiac patient for non cardiac surgery(June 2004).
2.Enumerate the RCRI.Draw the algorithm of cardiac evaluation for non-cardiac
surgery as recommended in ACC/AHA 2007 guidelines on peri-operative CVS
evaluation and care(June 2010).
3.How will you evaluate a 50 year old male patient with history of IHD presenting for major abdominal surgery?(Dec 2011).
VHD
1.Preoperative evaluation of a patient with VHD(Dec 2005).
2.Pre-operative evaluation and preparation of a apatient with TOF(June 2006).
1.Pre-operative evaluation of autonomic function(June 2002)(Dec 2004).
2.Pre-anaesthetic evaluation and preparation of patient for pheochromocytoma(Dec 2004).
3.Pre anaesthetic evaluation of a patient of MS for MTP and sterilization(Dec
2005).
4.Preoperative preparation of a diabetic patient with history of bleeding varices
lino renal shunt operation(Dec 2005).
5.Pre.anaesthetic evaluation of a thyrotoxic patient scheduled for thyroidectomy(Dec 2005).
6.ASA physical status classification(Dec 2007).
7.Bedside PFTs(June 2010).
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
IHD
CORONARY STENT
1.Guidelines for management of anaesthesia in a patient with coronary
stent(June 2008).
2.Draw the algorithm for preoperative management of a patient receiving antiplaelet therapy as recommended by ACC/AHA guidelines in perioperative cardiovascular evaluation and care.Describe the preoperative management of a patient with coronary stent(Dec 2009)[Pg 235-ISACON 2009]
3.Describe the anaesthetic considerations in patients having coronary artery
stent(Dec 2010).
***********************************************************************
VHD
1.Clinical features of infective endocarditis,principle guidelines to use antibiotics as prophylaxis against,during surgery(June 2005).
2.Discuss the anaesthetic management of 20 year old male with RHD with MS
for closed mitral valvotomy(June 2007).[Pg 3 OAR,Pg 31-Stoelting]
3.Preop evaluation and anaesthetic management of a 30 year old patient with
MS and AF scheduled for balloon angioplasty and valvoplasty(Dec
2007)[CEACCP vol 5 no.6 2005]
HTN
1.Define HTN.How will you evaluate and prepare preoperatively a 40 year old
female patient scheduled for abdominal hysterectomy.Discuss the anaesthetic
and postoperative management of such a case?(Dec 2000)
DM
1.Discuss pre and post anaesthetic management of acute abdomen in a patient
with uncontrolled diabetes(Dec 1994)
2.Discuss the preoperative investigations,preparation and anaesthetic management of a 50 year old diabetic patient presenting for an exploratory laparotomy
for a lump in the abdomen.(Dec 1999)
3.Management of DKA(Dec 1998).[Pg 803-Morgan,Pg 1300-Barasch]
4.Principles of management of DKA(June 2002).
5.DKA(June 2004).
-Preoperative management of DKA(June 1994)(Dec 2004).
6.Preoperative patient of a diabetic patient with history of bleeding varices linorenal shunt(Dec 2005).
7.Anaesthetic management of a case of DM scheduled for open cholecystectomy(Dec 2005).
8.Diabetic patient with autonomic neuropathy for TAH(June 2006).
THYROID
HYPOTHYROIDISM
1.A 50 year old woman with hypothyroidism is scheduled for abdominal hysterectomy.Discuss the anaesthetic management(Dec 2008).
2.Describe the clinical features of hypothyroidism.Discuss the anaesthetic consideration in a hypothyroid patient scheduled for upper abdominal surgery(Dec
2011)
THYROID STORM
1.Etiopathology and management of thyroid crisis(Dec 1999)
2.Thyroid crisis(June 2002)
3.Thyroid storm(June 2004).
4.Manifestations and management of thyroid storm(June 2008)(June 2009).[Pg
1016-Morgan 4th ed]
5.Describe the manifestations and management of thyroid storm intraoperatively.Describe the management of such a case(Dec 2009).
1.Describe preop evaluation and preparation of a patient of thyrotoxicosis.Describe anaesthetic and postoperative management of such a case.(June
1996).[Pg 73-RACE 2004,Pg 64-ARC-06]
2.A 35 year old lady with huge thyroid mass presenting with thyrotoxicosis is
posted for subtotal thyroidectomy.Discuss the preoperative preparation and
anaesthetic management(Dec 2000).[Pg 1282-Barasch,Pg 807-Morgan]
3.Myxoedema coma(June 2002)(Dec 2004).
4.Causes of airway obstruction following thyroid surgery and its management(June 2003).
5.Thyrotoxic patient for subtotal thyroidectomy(June 2006).
6.Enumerate the NS of larynx.Enumerate the signs and symptoms of bilateral
recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy following total thyroidectomy(Dec 2009).
7.Discuss preoperative evaluation and anaesthetic management of a 40 year old
hyperthyroid patient posted for total thyroidectomy.Enumerate postoperative
complications(June 2012).
COPD
1.Discuss the current concepts in the management of a case of chronic obstructive airway disease in respiratory failure(1996-2000).
2.Anaesthetic management of a case of COAD(Dec 2001).
3.Describe in detail the anaesthetic management of patients with reactive airway disease(June 2001).
4.Discuss the anaesthetic management of patients with reactive airway disease(Dec 2001).
5.Intraoperative anaesthetic considerations in COPD patient scheduled for upper abdominal surgery(Dec 2005).
6.What is chronic obstructive pulmonary disease?How will you manage oxygenation and pain in post operative period of a case of COPD undergoing upper
abdominal surgery?(Dec 2012)
CARCINOID TUMOR
1.Carcinoid tumor(June 2004). [Stoelting ]
2.A 30 year old woman is scheduled for removal of carcinoid tumor.Write the
anaesthetic management(June 2008).[Pg 172-Oxford handbook of anaesthesia]
CUSHINGs SYNDROME
1.Discuss the anaesthetic management of a 25 years old female with cushings
syndrome for bilateral adrenalectomy(June 2007).[Pg 395-Stoelting]
2.A 30 year old female with Cushings syndrome is scheduled for bilateral
adrenalectomy.Describe the anaesthetic management(Dec 2009).
1.Anaesthetic problems in an amemic patient(Dec 1998).
2.A 60 years old man presents for elective parathyroidectomy.Discuss the anaesthetic management(Dec 2007)[Pg 398-Stoelting]
------------------------------------------------------------------------36)Patient Positioning.
1.Positional hazards under anaesthesia(1996-2000)[Pg 965-Morgan]
2.Enumerate various positions in relation to anaesthesia and discuss in detail
the problems associated with them(Dec 1996).[Pg 170-RACE 2003]
3.Describe the complications associated with sitting position during posterior
fossa surgery and their management(Dec 2010).
4.Discuss the anaesthetic problems of surgery in prone position(June 2011).
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
MH
1.MH(Dec 1998)(Dec 2003)(June 2004).[Pg 945-Morgan]
2.Current concepts in the diagnosis and treatment of MH(June 1999).
GBS
1.GBS(June 2004).
2.GBS-discuss briefly etiology,pathogenesis,symptomatology and management
including anaesthesia(Dec 2007)[Stoelting 254}.
PARKINSONs DISEASE
1.Pre-op evaluation and anaesthetic considerations of a patient with Parkinson
disease(June 2008)(Dec 2008).[Pg 227-Stoelting,Pg 650 Morgan,IJA 2007,Pg
630-Barasch]
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------40)Cardiovascular Monitoring
IJV
1.Complications of cannulation of IJV.(Dec 1996)(Dec 2004).
2.Techniques and approaches to IJV cannulation(Dec 2007).
3.Describe the anatomy of IJV with the help of a diagram.Discuss any one approach for IJV cannulation(Dec 2011)
------------------------------------------------------------------------41)TEE
1.TEE(June 2001)(Dec 2001).[yao]
2.How is USG useful in anaesthesia and intensive care medicine and explain the
usefulness of TEE during cardiac surgery(Dec 2005).[IJA 2007]
3.TEE in anaesthesia practice(June 2008).[RACE 2011]
------------------------------------------------------------------------42)ECG
1.Modified bipolar standard limb lead systems and its usefulness for intraoperative monitoring(Dec 1995).
------------------------------------------------------------------------44)Respiratory Monitoring.
PULSE OXIMETER
1.Limitations of pulse oximeter(Dec 1995).
2.Pulse oximetry(Dec 2000).[Pg 140-Morgan]
3.Physical principles of pulse oximetry(June 2005).[Pg 1-ISACON 2009]
4.Pulse oximetry-principles and applications(Dec 2007).
CAPNOGRAPHY
1.Role of capnography during anaesthesia(June 1996).[Pg 45-RACE 2004]
------------------------------------------------------------------------46)Neurologic Monitoring.
1.SSEP(June 1998)**.
2.Minimum monitoring for post spinal fusion in scoliosis(June 2003).
3.Methods of intracranial pressure monitoring,uses and complication of ICP
monitoring(June 2005).
4.ICP monitoring and its applications(Dec 2007)[Pg 55-ISACON 2007,Pg 395ISACON 2009]
------------------------------------------------------------------------47)Neuromuscular Monitoring
1.Methods of monitoring neuromuscular junction function(Dec 1995).
SGA
1.Supra Glottic Airway devices(Dec 2007). [Pg 85-RACE 2009,Pg 633-OAR]
2.I-gel Airway(June 2008)(June 2010).[IJA 2009]
3.Enumerate the different SGAs.tabulate the differences between Proseal LMA
and I-gel airway(June 2011).
***********************************************************************
LMA
1.Merits and demerits of LMA(June 1996).
2.LMA:various modifications(June2007).[IJA 2005]
DIFFICULT AIRWAY
TM ANKYLOSIS
1.Describe airway management of a patient of ankylosing spondylitis with severe restriction of neck movement posted for total hip replacement(Dec 1996) .
2.Discuss the preoperative assessment and the method of anaesthesia in patient with TM ankylosis for the release of ankylosis(Dec 2003).
3.A 20 year old is scheduled for release of TMJ ankylosis.Discuss the various
methods to secure the airway(Dec 2008). -Describe briefly the difficult airway
algorithm.How will you perform awake intubation in an adult with restricted
mouth opening?(Dec 2011).[IJA 2011]
***********************************************************************
1Assessment and management of difficult intubation(June 1995).
2.Evaluation of difficult airway(June 2002).
3.Difficult intubation/Predictive factors and intubation difficulty(Dec 2003).
4.Describe briefly the difficult airway algorithm.How will you perform awake
intubation in an adult with restricted mouth opening?(Dec 2011)
FOB
1.Modes of ventilation during bronchoscopy(Dec 1994).
2.Draw a labeled diagram of a flexible FOB and describe methods for its sterilization or high level disinfection(Dec 2007).
3.Describe the techniques for anaesthetizing the airway for awake fibreoptic
laryngoscopy and intubation through nasal route in an adult with restricted
mouth opening(Dec 2010).
PDPH
1.PDPH(June 1999).[IJA 2006,ATOTW-181,Pg 125 RACE 2012}
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
52)Nerve Blocks.
STELLATE GANGLION BLOCK
1.Indications and methods of stellate ganglion block(June 2002).
2.Stellate ganglion block-indications and complications(Dec 1995).
3.Enumerate the indications,contraindications,complications and method of establishing stellate ganglion block(Dec 2008).
4.Describe the anatomy of stellate ganglion.Discuss indications,techn iques and
implications of stellate ganglion block(Dec 2010).
OPTHALMIC BLOCKS
1.Peribulbar block(Dec 1998).
2.Peribulbar block-indications,techniques and complications(June 2010).
3.Merits and demerits of retrobulbar vs peribulbar block(June 2002).
ANKLE BLOCK
1.Innervation of foot and technique of performing ankle block(Dec 1995)
2.Describe the nerve supply of foot and the technique of ankle block for amputation of great toe(Dec 2006).
3.Describe the nerve innervations of the foot with diagram and dsicuss the local
anaesthetic block at the ankle for the amputation of gangrenous toes in a patient(June 1999).[Pg 352-Morgan]
4.Describe the regional block for removal of infected corn foot(Dec 2010)
PARAVERTEBRAL BLOCK
1.Describe anatomy of paravertebral space and describe one method of establishing paravertebral block(June 2007).[Pg 354-Morgan]
2.Describe the anatomy of paravertebral space with diagram.Describe one
method of establishing paravertebral block(June 2012)
1.`Three-in-one` block(Dec 2001).
2.Horners syndrome(June 2003).
3.Describe with the help of a labeled diagram,the anatomy of lumbar plexus
and describe the techniques of lumbar plexus block(June 2008).[Pg 343Morgan 4th ed]
4.Describe the course of sciatic nerve and any one approach to block the
nerve(June 2011).
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
Mg2+
1.Role of Magnesium in anaesthesia practice(June 2000).[FRCA/BJA]
2.What are the therapeutic uses of magnesium?How does it work?(Dec 2005)
3.Role of Magnesium in anaesthesia and ICU(Dec 2004)(June 2006)(June
2007).[ATOTW 90]
K+
1.Hypokalemia(Dec 1998)(June 2000).[Pg 677-Morgan]
2.Hypokalemia-definition,clinical manifestation and management(June 2010).
3.Define hypokalemia.What are the clinical manifestations of hypokalemia?How
will you treat hypokalemia intraoperatively?(June 2011)
***********************************************************************
1.Treatment of hyperkalemia(June 2002).
2.Causes ,diagnosis and treatment of hypo and hyperkalemia(June 2005)
3.Hyperkalemia(June 2006).
4.Define hyperkalemia.Discuss signs and symptoms and anaesthetic consideration(June 2009).[Pg 680-Morgan]
5.Enumerate the causes,clinical manifestations and management of hyperkalemia(Dec 2011).
6.Causes,diagnosis and treatment of hypo and hyperkalemia(June 2005).
***********************************************************************
1.Discuss the ECG abnormalities due to various electrolyte imbalances(Dec
2008).[Pg 679-Morgan 4th ed]
SIADH
1.Water intoxication(June 1999).
2.How is the diagnosis of dilutional hyponatremia made?what is its significance
in anaesthesia?(June2002).
3.What is SIADH?Describe the clinical features and management of SIADH(Dec
2011)
4.Describe the causes and management of acute dilutional hyponatremia in the
immediate postoperative period(Dec 2012)
Na+
1.What are the manifestations of hyponatremia and how will you treat it?(Dec
2006).
2.Enumerate the signs and symptoms of hyponatremia.Describe the management in a patient with serum sodium level of 115 meq/L scheduled for knee replacement under RA(Dec 2009). [Pg 671-Morgan]
Ca2+
1.Discuss causes,clinical manifestations and treatment of hypercalcemia..What
are the anaesthetic considerations?(June 2012)
------------------------------------------------------------------------55)Transfusion Therapy
BLOOD COMPONENT THERAPY
1.Present trend of blood component therapy(June 2000)
2.Blood component therapy(Dec 1998)(June 2002)(June 2005)[Pg 161 ISACON
2008,Pg 1758-Miller]
3.Role of blood components in perioperative period (Dec 2007).
4.Enumerate the indications for transfusion of packed red cells,FFP,platelets
and cryoprecipitates(June 2010)
COMPLICATIONS
1.Blood transfusion and related disease transmission(Dec 1995).
2.Complications and Sequelae of BT(June 1996)(Dec 2008)[Pg 700-Morgan 4th
ed]
3 .Complications of BT(June 1997).
4.Management of mismatched BT(Dec 2003).
5.How will you diagnose mismatched BT intraoperatively?Describe its management(Dec 2009).
------------------------------------------------------------------------56)Coagulation.
1.DIC(June 1995)(June 1998).
2.What is DIC?Enumerate its causes and management(June 2009)[Pg 403barasch 6th ed]
3.Discuss the physiology of Hemostasis and its significance(June 2005).
4.What is TEG?Draw a labeled diagram to show a normal tracing.What are its
implications?(Dec 2008).[Pg 394-Barasch 6th ed,Pg 338-Yao]
5.Describe various tests for monitoring peri-operative coagulation(June
2011).[Pg 392-Barasch 6th ed]
6.Briefly outline the evaluation and management of a patient with suspected
perioperative coagulopathy(June 2012)
7.Describe the algorithm of the evaluation and initial therapy of a patient with
suspected perioperative coagulopathy(Dec 2012).
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
PNEUMONECTOMY
1.Discuss the anaesthetic management of a patient posted for pneumonectomy
Ca Right Bronchus-preparation and management(June 2004).
2.Discuss the pre-operative evaluation and preparation of a 55 year old male
with bronchiectasis scheduled for right lower lobe excision(Dec 2010).
3.How would you evaluate and prepare a patient with chronic bronchiectasis
scheduled for pneumonectomy?Briefly enumerate the postoperative complications(June 2012).
ESOPHAGECTOMY
1.Preoperative assessment,preparation specific to thoraco abdominal esophagectomy.Describe your anaesthetic problem during operation(June 2005). [Pg
379-OHA],[Pg 609-Morgan]
2.A 68 year old patient with carcinoma esophagus is scheduled for transthoracic esophagectomy.Outline the preoperative evaluation,preparation and anaesthetic management(June 2010)
3.A 68 year old male with carcinoma esophagus is posted for total esophagectomy and gastric pull up.Describe the preoperative preparation,evaluation and
anaesthetic management(June 2011).
PFTs
1.Relevance of PFTs(Dec 2000).[Pg 153-RACE 2009]
2.Describe with diagram the flow volume loops in:
(a)Healthy adult
(b)Patient with restrictive lung disease
(c)Patient with obstructive lung disease(June 2009).[Pg 8-Yao]
3.Draw a diagram to show various lung volumes and capacities.Describe the
spirometry features of patients with obstructive and restrictive pulmonary disorder(Dec 2010)
OPCAB
1.Discuss advantages and disadvantages of OPCAB(Dec 2006)
2.Enumerate the indications of OPCAB.Describe the technique,advantages and
disadvantages(Dec 2009).[Pg 177-RACE 2009]
1.Discuss anaesthetic management of 20 years old male with RHD with MS for
closed mitral valvotomy(June 2007).
2.Preop evaluation and anaestheitc management of a 30 year old patient with
MS and AF scheduled for balloon angioplasty and valvoplasty(Dec 2007).
3.Enumerate the circulatory assist device.What are the indications,contraindications and complications of IABP?(Dec 2010).
-Describe the mechanism by which IABP augments coronary perfusion.What are
the indications and contraindications for the use of IABP?(Dec 2012)
CARDIAC TRANSPLANT
1.Preop anaesthetic implications in a patient with transplanted heart posted for
incidental surgery(Dec 2007).[Pg 22-Stoelting]
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
3.A 35 year old patient of chronic renal failure is scheduled for renal transplant.Discuss the anaesthetic management(Dec 2006).
4.What are the anaesthetic implications in a patient with a transplanted kidney
posted for incidental elective surgery(Dec 2008).[Pg 2166-Miller]
5.Discuss the preoperative evaluation,preparation and anaesthetic management
of a patient with transplanted kidney presenting for incidental elective surgery(June 2011).
LIVER TRANSPLANT
1.Anaesthetic problems of liver transplantation surgery(June 2005).
HEART TRANSPLANT
1.A patient who has undergone heart transplant requires non cardiac surgery.What precautions must be undertaken by an anaesthetic for surgery(Dec
2005).
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
HELLP SYNDROME
1.Diagnosis and management of HELLP syndrome(June 1996).
2.HELLP syndrome(Dec 2004)(June 2006).
3.management of HELLP syndrome(June 2007).
4.HELLP syndrome:role of anaesthesiologist(June 2010)
****************************************************************************
1.Define pre-eclampsia and eclampsia.discuss the pathophysiology.Formulate,with reasons the anaesthetic technique for such a patient posted
for CS(Dec 1995).[Pg 375-RACE 2011]
2.Describe the problems,complications and anesthetic management of CS in a
patient with pre-eclamptic toxemia(Dec 1996).[Pg 273-ISACON 2008]
3.Discuss the pathophysiological changes in pre-eclampsia and eclampsia.Discuss your choice of anaesthetic technique for such a patient for emergency CS.(1996-2000)[Pg 175-ISACON 2010]
4.A 25 years primi gravid in 34 weeks of pregnancy with PIH presented with a
BP of 200/110 mmHg for an elective LSCS.Discuss the problems involved and
the anaesthetic management(June 2000)
5.Mg SO4 therapy(Dec 2000).[Pg 387-RACE 2011,Pg 142-OAR]
6.A 35 weeks pregnant pt with BP of 200/100 mmHg,edema and albuminuria is
to be prepared for elective CS.Discuss preparation and preferred anaesthesia
technique(regional or general)(Dec 2003)
7.PIH-role of anaesthesiologist(June 2007).
8.Anaesthetic management of patient with severe pre eclampsia for CS(June
2008).
III.ANAESTHESIA FOR CS
Mendelsons syndrome
1.Discuss the pathogenesis,clinical features and management of mendelsons
syndrome(June 1996).[Pg 286-Morgan,Pg 1223-Barasch]
2.Aspiration prophylaxis in obstetrics(Dec 1999).
IV.LABOUR ANALGESIA
1.Describe the various regimens for painless labour(June 1994)
2.Modern trends in obstetric analgesia(June 2001)(Dec 2001).
3.Describe innervations of female genital tract with a diagram and discuss
methods of producing painless labour(June 2006).
4.Discuss the physiological changes secondary to pain in labour.Describe the
role of para-cervical and pudendal nerve blocks in obstetric analgesia(Dec
2011).
5.Draw a labeled diagram of labor pain pathway.Describe method,advantages
and disadvantages of preferred technique of labor analgesia(Dec 2012)
V.GENERAL
1.Amniotic fluid embolism(Dec 1994).
2.Role of anaesthesiologist in an obstetric unit(Dec 2005).
3.Regional Vs GA in obstetric surgery(Dec 2005).
4.Medical aspect and obstetrics(Dec 2003).
5.Enumerate the physiological changes during pregnancy and their clinical implications(Dec 2008).[Pg 63-ARC 5,Pg 875-Morgan 4th ed]
6.What are the causes of obstetric haemorrhage?Describe its management including anaesthesia(Dec 2010).
2.An 80 year old male is posted for total hip replacement.Discuss the preoperative evaluation,preparation and anaesthetic management of this case(June
2002).[Pg 205-ISACON 2009]
3.Anaesthetic problems of total hip replacement in elderly patients(Dec 2005).
4.Anaesthetic consideration of a patient for surgery for fracture neck of femur,one year after CABG(Dec 2005).
5.An 86 year old patient is scheduled for open reduction and internal fixation
of subtronchanteric fracture of femur.Discuss the preoperative evaluation and
anaesthetic management of this patient(Dec 2006).
6.Enumerate the perioperative problems and anaesthetic management in a 80
year old patient scheduled for THR(Dec 2008).
7.Describe the anaesthetic management of an 80 year old male scheduled for
THR.Mention the methods of postop pain relief(Dec 2009).
8.What are the pre-operative considerations in total hip arthroplasty?What are
the goals of its intra-operative management?(Dec 2010)
9.What are the causes of intra operative hypotension during total hip replacement?Outline the treatment strategies(Dec 2012)
SCOLIOSIS
1.Discuss the anaesthetic problems,preoperative preparation and anaesthetic
management of a case posted for correction of kyphoscoliosis(June 1995).
2.Anaesthetic problems in scoliosis surgery(June 2006).
FAT EMBOLISM
1.Discuss in detail the etiology,pathophysiology,diagnosis and treatment of fat
embolism syndrome(June 2002).
2.Describe pathophysiology,clinical features,diagnosis and management of fat
embolism(Dec 2010).
1.RA technique for upper extremity surgery(Dec 1994)
2.What are the indications and contraindications for use of arterial tourniquet.What complication may arise from the use of such tourniquet(June 2005).
3.Problems encountered by anaesthetists during the orthopaedic operative procedures(June 2005).
4.Risk factors for venous thromboembolism and classify the current methods
of prevention with examples(Dec 2005)
5.How will you diagnose DVT?Write the methods of prophylaxis and management(June 2008).[Pg 850-Morgan]
6.How do you diagnose DVT?Describe the predisposing factors and its management(Dec 2009).
5.What are the factors that predispose trauma patients to increased anaesthetic
risks?Briefly mention their management(Dec 2012).
TRIAGE
1.What is Triage?What are triage criteria in relation to trauma?(Dec 2008).
2.Importance of triage in mass casualty incident(June 2010).[Pg 2327-2328Miller]
3.What do you mean by multi-casulaty triaging?Why is it important?How do you
triage victims in the casualty following a mass disaster?(June 2011).
1.Pre-hospital trauma care(Dec 2001).
4.An 8 years old child who underwent tonsillectomy 4 hours ago retuns to the
operating table with bleeding from tonsillar site.Describe preparation,preoperative assessment and anaesthetic management of this case(Dec
2012)
1.Anaesthetic management of a child with retropharyngeal abscess presenting
for surgical drainage(June 1995).
2.Problems of microlaryngeal surgery(Dec 1995).
3.Anaesthesia for total laryngectomy(June 1998).[Pg 2375-6-MILLER]
4.Discuss the anaesthetic management of a 70 year man with carcinoma larynx
for total laryngectomy(June 2007)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
DCS
1.Day care surgery clinics in India(Dec 1994).
2.Anaesthesia for DCS(June 1999)(June 2001)(Dec 2001)(June 2002)[IJA 2005]
3.Day Care anaesthesia(June 2000).
4.Discharge criteria in outpatient anaesthesia(Dec 1997).(June 2003)
5.Discharge criteria for day care surgery(Dec 2003)(Dec 2004)(Dec 2006).
6.Criteria for recovery from anaesthesia in day care surgery(June 1998).[Pg
1427-Barasch]
RD AND RT
1.Anaesthesia for RT(1996-2000).
2.Anaesthetic management of radio diagnostic procedures(June 2007).[Pg 2463Miller,Pg 21-ISACON 2008]
ECT
1.Anaesthesia for ECT(June 2006).
2.Anaesthetic considerations for modified ECT(Dec 2007).
3.A 60 year old male with refractory depression is scheduled for ECT.Describe
the anaesthetic management(Dec 2009).
4.Elective cardioversion(Dec 2007).[Pg 1232-Satish deshpande]
CT
1.Management of a 4 year old child scheduled foe CT barin using an iodine solution(Dec 2000).
------------------------------------------------------------------------82)Dental Anesthesia
1.Anaesthesia for multiple dental extractions in a child with TOF(Dec 1996).
2.Problems and role of anaesthetist in dental chair(Dec 1999).[Pg 872-Morgan]
3.Anaesthetic problems in dental chair(June 2001)(Dec 2001).
------------------------------------------------------------------------84)Paediatric Anesthesia.
TEF
1.Anaesthetic management of a 2 day old neonate for primary repair of
TEF(June 1996).[Pg 2590-Miller]
2.Describe the anatomy and physiology of various types of TEF.Discuss the anaesthetic management(June 2003).[Pg 71-RACE 2005]
3.Pre-anaesthetic assessment and preparation of one day old neonate for TEF
repair(June 2007).[Pg 941-Morgan]
4.Describe the anaesthetic management of a neonate scheduled for repair of
TEF(Dec 2009).
5.Discuss the perioperative problems and anaesthetic management of a two
days old child scheduled to undergo TEF repair(June 2011).
MENINGO-MYELOCOELE
1.Preoperative management of a neonate for meningomyelocoele surgery(June
1997).[Pg 206-Rebecca Jacob]
2.A neonate for repair of cervical meningo-myelocoele(Dec 2005)
HYDROCEPHALUS
1.Preoperative assessment and anaesthetic management of a 2 year old child of
hydrocephalus posted for shunt procedure(Dec 2007).[Pg 603-Stoelting]
GASTROCHISIS
1.Discuss the problems,preoperative preparation and anaesthetic management
of a neonate posted for repair of gastrochisis(Dec 2001).[Pg 26-ISACON 2008]
2.Management of a one day old neonate posted for correction of gastrochisis(June 2001).
FOREIGN BODY
1.A 4 year old boy has come im emergency with foreign body in right bronchus.How will u manage for bronchoscopy for such a patient(June 2004).
2.Anaesthetic management of a 2 year old child for therapeutic bronchoscopy
following inhalation of foreign body 2 days ago child could not exhibit any sign
of airway obstruction(Dec 2005)
3.A 2 year old child weighing 10kg is scheduled for removal of organic foreign
body in right bronchus.Discuss the anaesthetic management(Dec 2007).[Pg 186Rebecca Jacob]
4.A 2year old child is scheduled for removal of organic body in the right bronchus.What is the anaesthetic management?(Dec 2008). [IJA 2007]
5.Discuss the pre-operative evaluation and anaesthetic management of a 2 year
old child scheduled for removal of foreign body in bronchus(Dec 2011).
CDH
1.Anaesthetic problems of repair of CDH in a neonate(Dec 2004)[Pg 111 RACE
2006,Pg 941 Morgan 4th ed]
2.Anaesthetic management of CDH(June 2007).[Pg 593-Stoelting]
3.Pre-operative evaluation and anaesthetic management of one day old child
with CDH(June 2008)[Pg 111-RACE 2006]
TEMPERATURE REGULATION
1.Discuss the regulation of body temperature.How will you prevent hypothermia in a neonate posted for major abdominal surgery(June 2002)
2.Temperature regulation in neonate and prevention of hypothermia in neonate
during perioperative period(Dec 2004).
3.Heat loss during abdominal surgery in a newborn child(Dec 1996).
INGUINAL HERNIA
1.10 months old baby for hernia repair-anaestehtic and postoperative pain
management discuss(June 2005).
FLUID MANAGEMENT
1.Perioperative fluid requirement for a paediatric patient undergoing elective
surgery(Dec 1995).
2.Recent advances in intra-operative paediatric fluid management(Dec 2001)[Pg
11-RACE 2011]
3.Perioperative fluid requirement in small paediatric patients(Dec 2005).
4.Outline the principles of perioperative fluid therapy in a 10 days old child
scheduled for elective surgery(Dec 2006).
GENERAL
1.Anaesthetic implications of neonatal anaesthesia(June 2005).
2.Preoperative considerations in paediatric patients(June 2005).
3.Fasting guidelines for children.How does premedication inadults differ from
that in children(Dec 2007)[Pg 400-401-RACE 2010]
4.Discuss the anaesthetic implications and perioperative management of a six
month old child scheduled for excision of cystic hygroma(Dec 2011).[IJA VOL
55,Issue 6,Nov-Dec 2011]
5.Enumerate the major concerns for anaesthesiologist in hypertrophic pyloric
stenosis in a newborn.Write down the anaesthetic management of such a
case(Dec 2012).
PDA
1.Classify CHD.Explain with diagrams the blood flow before and after delivery
in PDA(June 2005)[Pg 44-Stoelting]
2.Write anaesthetic management of a 3 year old child scheduled for PDA ligation(June 2008).[Pg 795-OHA][Pg 47-Stoelting]
------------------------------------------------------------------------87)Fetal Anaesthesia.
1.Draw a neat labeled diagram of fetal circulation and delineate the difference
from adult(June 1996)(Dec 2004).[Pg 733-Stoelting physio/pharma]
2.Anaesthetic implications of fetal surgery(Dec 2007).[IJA 2009,Pg 432ISACON 2011,CEACCP 2008]
3.Draw a labeled diagram to illustrate the fetal circulation.What are the circulatory changes that occur at birth?(Dec 2008).[Pg 884-Morgan]
------------------------------------------------------------------------89)PONV.
1.Post anaesthetic vomiting(Dec 1996).
2.PONV for ophthalmology(Dec 2001).
3.Enumerate the risk factors for PONV.Discuss its management(Dec 2006)(Dec
2008).
4.Enumerate the risk factors for PONV.Discuss measures to prevent and its
management(June 2009).[Pg 1005-Morgan 4th ed]
5.Describe the risk factors and predictors of PONV.Describe its management in
the pre-operative period(Dec 2010).
OP POISONING
1.Clinical manifestations and management of acute OP poisoning(Dec 1995)
2.Care of OP poisoning in ICU(Dec 1998).
3.Describe the in-hospital management of OP poisoning(June 2009).
4.What are the signs and symptoms of OP poisoning?Discuss its management(June 2011).[Pg 121-RACE 2011]
5.What are the clinical features of organophosphorous poisoning?How will you
manage a patient of oragnophosphorous poisoning in ICU?(Dec 2012).
***********************************************************************
CO POISONING
1.Discuss the pathophysiology and management of a case of carbon monoxide
poisoning(Dec 2008).[Pg 1044 Morgan 4th ed]
2.Describe briefly pathophysiology,signs,symptoms,diagnosis and treatment of
carbon dioxide poisoning(Dec 2011)[Pg 552-Stoelting]
***********************************************************************
1.Write clinical features,diagnosis and management of a case of paracetamol
poisoning(June 2008).[Paul marino]
2.Methhemoglobinemia and anaesthetist(June 2008).
3.Discuss the signs and symptoms,pathophysiology and management of cyanide toxicity(June 2012)
NOSOCOMIAL INFECTIONS
1.Nosocomial infections in the ICU(Dec 1994)
2.Control of nosocomial infections in postop and ICU(June 2001)(Dec 2001).
3.What are the common nosocomial infections in the ICU?Discuss the measures
for prevention of VAP(June 2009)
1.The factors influencing tissue oxygenation(June 1999)(Dec 1999).
2.Discuss the management of a patient with snake bite(Dec 2006).
3.What are the determinants of cardiac output and discuss various non-invasive
methods of measurement of cardiac output(Dec 2006)
4.APACHE score(Dec 1997)
5.A 65 year old patient,chronic cigarette smoker is admitted to emergency department with acute respiratory distress and altered sensorium.His ABG reveals
Pao2 50 mmHg,Paco2 85 mmHg,pH-7.10.Discuss your plan of management(June 2009).
6.What is mixed venous oxygen saturation? And its importance in critical care
setup?How is it measured(Dec 2011).
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
a]WEANING
1.Weaning from prolonged ventilation(June 1995).
2.Protocol for weaning a patient from prolonged ventilator support(Dec 1995).
3.Weaning modes of ventilation(June 1997)(June 2001)(Dec 2001)(Dec 2003)[Pg
1036-Morgan]
4.Weaning criteria in a patient of COPD on ventilator(June 2000)
5.Discuss different modes of weaning from ventilator(Dec 2006).
6.Criteria for weaning from prolonged ventilation(June 2008).
7.Enumerate the predictors of weaning from mechanical ventilation(June
2009).[IJA 2006]
8.Enumerate the predictors of weaning a patient on prolonged ventilatory support in the ICU(June 2010).
9.Describe the principles of weaning from mechanical ventilation(Dec 2010).
10.Discuss the various criteria for weaning a patient from prolonged mechanical ventilation(June 2012
b]MODES
1.Pressure support ventilation(June 2004)(Dec 1995).
2.Mandatory minute ventilation(Dec 1995).
3.Inverse ratio ventilation(Dec 1996).[Pg 112-Chang]
4.Pressure Controlled Ventilation(Dec 1998)[Pg 1033-Morgan]
5.Write briefly on newer modes of ventilation.Discuss each of these ventilatory
modality with reference to an established case of ARDS.(June 2000)
6.Newer modes of ventilation(June 1996)(Dec 2004).
c]COMPLICATION
1.Volutrauma(June 1998)
2.Long term ventilation and its complication(June 1998).
3.Oxygen toxicity(June 2004)(Dec 2004).
4.Ventilator associated pneumonia-what are the causes and preventive
measures possible?(Dec 2004).
5.What are the common nosocomial infections in ICU?Discuss the measures for
prevention of VAP(June 2009).
d]PEEP
1.PEEP and its application in anaesthesia(June 1999).[Pg 85-Chang}
2.Describe PEEP,its mechanism of action,uses and complications(June 2005).[Pg
1037-Morgan]
3.Compare and contrast PEEP and CPAP(Dec 2008).[Pg 1038-Morgan 4th ed]
4.What is PEEP?How does it improve arterial pO2?What are its disadvantages?(Dec 2011)
e]IPPV
1.Physiological changes associated with IPPV(Dec 1999).
2.Applied physiology of IPPV(Dec 2005).
f]ANALGESIA /SEDATION/PARALYSIS
1.Use of muscle relaxants in ICU(June 1998)(June 1999).[CJA]
2.Enumerate the role of sedation in ICU patients(June 2005)
3.The role of sedation in ICU patients(June 2005).
4.Enumerate the role of analgesics and sedation in patients on ventilator therapy in ICU(June 2009)[Pg 536-Rashmi dutta]
II}BURNS
1.Discuss the management of a case of 40% burns(June 1997).[Pg 49,RACE
2011]
2.Discuss the pathophysiology and management of inhalational injury(Dec
1998).
3.Management of an adult with smoke inhalational injury(Dec 2004)
4.Resuscitation of a patient with 60% deep burn injury(Dec 2000)[Pg 59-RACE
2007]
5.Anaesthesia for burnt patient(Dec 2001).[OAR-Pg 213]
6.Resuscitation of 60% burns in an adult patient(June 2006)[Pg 213,OAR]
7.Discuss the principles,assessment and methods of analgesia for pain relief in
burns(June 2003).
8.Assessment and resuscitation of patient with severe burns(June 2009)[Pg
870-Morgan 4th ed]
9.Describe the initial assessment and resuscitation in a 25 year old female with
massive burns evacuated from the site of fire(Dec 2009).
III}ARDS
1.Describe the pathogenesis and management of adult respiratory distress syndrome(June 1997).[Pg 477-anaesthesia and intensive care]
2.Describe the pathophysiology of ARDS.What are the diagnostic criteria(Dec
1997).[Ph 143-RACE 2012]
3.Discuss the pathophysiology of ARDS.Describe the current trends in the
management of ARDS(Dec 2000).
4.ALI(Dec 2001).[Pg 1042-Morgan]
IV}SHOCK/SEPSIS
1.Discuss the pathophysiology,preventive and corrective measures of irreversible shock(June 1998).[Pg 1051-Morgan]
2.Define MODS.How do you plan to manage such a case?(June 2001)(Dec 2001).
3.Septic shock(June 2004).
4.Role of vasopressors in septic shock(Dec 2004).
5.What are the criteria for diagnosis of SIRS?Discuss the principles of management in a patient of septic shock admitted in an ICU(Dec 2006).
6.Enumerate the symptoms of shock and discuss the methods used for assessment of systemic perfusion(June 2008).
7.Describe various components of surviving sepsis guidelines(Dec 2010).
-Briefly discuss the management of a patient with severe sepsis as per surviving sepsis guidelines(Dec 2012)
8.Define and classify shock.Discuss the recent guidelines for the management
of septic shock(Dec 2011).
9.How would you assess a case of septic shock due to pancreatitis?Briefly discuss its management(June 2012)
V}TRACHEOSTOMY
1.Tracheostomy -techniques and complications(Dec 2003).
2.Percutaneous dilatational tracheostomy(June 2008).[Pg 237-RACE 2009]
3.Percutaneous dilatational tracheostomy:indications,techniques and complications(June 2009).[IJA 2008-52(1)]
4.Percutaneous dilational tracheostomy-various techniques and their advantages over conventional tracheostomy(June 2010).
5.Enumerate the indications of tracheostomy.Describe different techniques of
performing percutaneous dilatational trachesotomy(Dec 2010).
------------------------------------------------------------------------96)Respiratory Care.
1.Oxygen therapy(Dec 1997)(Dec 1999).[Pg 111-RACE 2009]
-Oxygen therapy in postop period(June 1998)[Pg 1-RACE 2002]
2.High Frequency ventilation(Dec 2003).
3.Discuss methods of humidification(Dec 2006).
4.NIV:advantages,disadvantages and methods of administration(June 2007).[Pg
73-RACE 2009,Pg 315-ISACON 2009]
5.What is oxygen delivery?Classify oxygen delivery systems.Discuss the role of
ventimask in oxygen therapy(Dec 2011).
------------------------------------------------------------------------97)Neurocritical Care.
1.Resuscitation of head injury patient(Dec 1995).
2.GCS(June 1996)(June 2002)(Dec 2002)(Dec 2006).
3.Monitoring and control of raised ICP in head injury(June 1997) .[Pg 50ISACON 2007]
------------------------------------------------------------------------99)RRT.
1.What are the problems related to chronic hemodialysis(June 2008).
2.What are the indications for RRT?List different modes of RRT.Discuss the role
of CRRT in septic shock(Dec 2010).
3.Discuss indications and techniques of RRT.Discuss role of CRRT in septic
shock(June 2012).
4.What are the indications for renal replacement therapy ?Describe its role in
MODS(Dec 2012).
5.What are the new guidelines for ventilation and external cardiac compression
for neonatal resuscitation?What are the drugs(with doses) used for neonatal resuscitation?(June 2011). [IJA 2010].
6.Write down the algorithm for resuscitation of a newborn(Dec 2012)
1.Discuss cardiopulmonary and brain resuscitation.What are the diagnostic criteria for brain death?(June 1995).
2.ALS(Dec 1997).
3.Discuss the current concepts and modified guidelines of Cardio Pulmonary
brain Resuscitation(June 1999).[Pg 73-RACE 2011]
4.Describe the BLS measure in an adult, who has been brought into the emergency room of the hospital; in a state of cardiac arrest(June 1997).[Part 5Adult BLS-CPR 2010]
5.CPR in pregnant women(June 2002).
-Resuscitation of term pregnant patient(June 2008).[Part 12.3-cardiac arrest
in special situations-CPR 2010]
6.Defibrillation(Dec 2003)[Part 6-electrical therapies-CPR 2010].
7.Current concepts in CPR(Dec 2004).
8.Recent advances in CPR(Dec 2005)(June 2006).
9.Discuss the management of an unconscious young patient with history of
drowning(June 2006).
-Discuss resuscitation of near drowning patient as per modified CPR guidelines(June 2007).(Part 12.9-CPR 2010)
10.Airway devices recommended and used for CPR(June 2007) .[Part 7.1-CPR
2010]
11.Enumerate 5 Hs and 5 Ts as possible causes of cardiac arrest.What it the
management of PEA in an unconscious patient?(Dec 2008).
12.Write the PEA algorithm as per the AHA guidelines(June 2010).
------------------------------------------------------------------------101)Brain Death.
1.Brain death(June 2000)(June 2004)(Dec 2007).
2.Describe the criteria and neurological test for brainstem death and preparing
the patient for organ donation(June 2005).
3.Various clinical and confirmatory tests for brain death(Dec 2006).
4.Write in brief the criteria for determination of brain death and clinical tests
for confirmation(Dec 2008).[Pg 567-ISACON 2009]
5.Criteria for brain death and the role of anaesthetist in organ harvesting(June
2010).
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CASE HISTORY
TURP+PACEMAKER
1.Discuss the pre-operative evaluation and anaestehtic management of an 80
year old patient with cardiac pacemaker for TURP(Dec 2011).
2.Outline the anaesthetic management of a 70 year old patient with permanent
pacemaker scheduled for TURP(June 2010)
3.Anaesthetic management of an adult patient with permanent pacemaker
posted for TURP(Dec 2004).
4.a patient on pacemaker for TURP(Dec 2005).
1.anaesthetic management of a case of essential hypertension scheduled for
upper abdominal surgery(June 2005)
2.Discuss the anaesthetic management of a 60 year old patient for resection of
carcinoma sigmoid colon with history of MI sustained 10 weeks ago(June 1995).
3.Preoperative evaluation and preparation and anaesthesia management of a
known case of bronchial asthma posted for radical mastectomy(June 1995).
4.Describe the anaesthetic management and postoperative care in a patient with
uncontrolled hypertension(BP-180/120 mmHg) for emergency laparotomy for
perforated duodenal ulcer.(June1996).
5.A 45 years old man with uncontrolled DM and HTN is admitted with upper
intestinal obstruction for emergency laparotomy.Discuss the preoperative evaluation,preparation and anaesthetic management of the case(June 1998).[Pg 69RACE 2008]
6.A patient of coarctation of aorta is scheduled for CS.Discuss the preoperative
preparation,anaesthetic management and post-operative care of the patient(1996-2000).
7.Anaesthetic management of a patient with suspected posterior fossa tumor
with BP 180/90 mmHg,HR-45/mt and signs of raised ICT(June 2004).
8.A patient for surgery for fracture neck of femur,one year after CABG(Dec
2005).