Notes On Koine Greek: Part 57

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1. Indicative Mood Chart: Below is the chart that you will recognize from
installations 40, 46 and 51 of these “Notes”. As you can see, we now have the
Active Voice and much of the Middle Voice filled in. As you can see, there are 8
slots remaining: 2 in the Middle and 6 in Passive Voices.

Indicative Mood M.A.P.:

© 2010, T. Michael W. Halcomb

M Present Future
I Aorist
Imperfect
D
mhn meqa mhn meqa mai meqa mai meqa
D
L so esqe so sqe sai sqe sai sqe
E to nto to nto tai ntai tai ntai

Present Future
A 1st / 2nd Aorist
Imperfect Pluperfect Perfect
C
T n men sa samen n men a men w men w men
I j te saj sate j te j te eij te eij te
V - n - n/ san - san - si (n) ei ousin ei ousin
E 2nd Aor. Suffixes are
same as Imp. Act. Ind.

P
A
S
S
I
V
E

2. Before Moving On…: Let’s spend some time reviewing this chart and the verb endings. A)
Something that you should notice right away about the Plural endings of the Active Voice verbs is that
they are all similar; we have the characteristic: men, te, n (san / sin). B) Something else to note about
the Active Voice endings is that in the 3rd Person Singulars of the Past Tenses, there is no distinct
marker! C) We also note that in the 2nd Person Singulars, our endings always have a final sigma “j”.
3. A Brief Look at the Present Middle: Though we will not review it in great depth here, we
should take just a moment to look at some of the characteristics of the Middle Voice endings. 1) One
of the first things I notice is that the 1st-3rd Person Singular endings all begin with the same letter: m,
s, t. I also notice that the 3rd Person Plural simply takes the 1st Person Plural and fronts it with “n”.
2) Having looked at 4 of the 6 endings so far, the dominant feature of the 1st and 2nd Plural endings
that stands out to me is that they both contain a “q”. 3) I also notice that when paired together (e.g.
1st Sg. & 1st Pl., 2nd Sg. & 2nd Pl.) the first letter of each pair is the same: m, s, t (again, remember
that the 3rd Pl. puts a “n” in front of the t).