TOEFL

ITP & LOCAL & PAPER

TOEFL
Contents
Introduction
Part one (Listening)
i. Listening Skills (Longman).
ii. Thirty Common English Idioms
iii. Idioms (TOEFL secrets).
iv. Idioms (speak English like an American).
v. Idioms & Usage (4000 vocabulary).
vi. Phrasal verbs list (Improve your skills).
Part Two (Structure)
i. Structure Skills (Longman).
ii. List of irregular verbs.
iii. List of irregular Plural Forms (The dictionary).
iv. Prepositions.
v. Word ending Formation.
Part Three (Reading)
i. Reading Skills (Longman)
ii. prefixes & Suffixes
iii. 400 Words for TOEFL
Part Four (Writing)
i. Writing Skills (Longman) ASAP
References
Introduction
The TOEFL ITP test consists of four separate sections. Questions in each section
are in multiple-choice format with four answers per question. Two answers are
irrelevant and are called distracters and the other two can be although the
questions are different on all editions of the test.
- Section 1(listening comprehension) measures the ability of the test-taker to
understand spoken North Americans English.
- Section 2(structure and written expression) tests the examinees ability to
recognize correct written English.
- Section 3(reading comprehension) examine the students skill at reading and
understating written passages similar in topic and style to those found in north
American colleges and universities .
- Section 4(Test of Written English) demonstrate their ability to produce correct,
organized, and meaningful English. Examinees must write an essay on a given
topic in thirty minutes.
TOEFL ITP (140 Questions 145 minutes)
Section No. Questions Admin. Time Score Scale
Listening comprehension 50 questions 35 minutes 31-68
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Structure and written expression 40 questions 25 minutes 31-68

Reading comprehension 50 questions 55 minutes 31-67
Test of Written English (TWE) 1 essay question 30 minutes ----------TOTAL 140 questions,1essay 145 minutes 217-667
The listening section
There are three types of questions:
1- Short conversations.
2- Long conversations and class discussions.
3- Lectures.
The structure section
There are two different types of problems:
1- Incomplete sentence.
2- Sentence with underline words and phrases.
The reading section
There are many different types of problems (about 5 passages followed by 10
questions for each passage)
The writing section
There is one essay question
Part one (Listening)
I- Listening Skills (Longman)
Types of listening questions:
a. Short dialogues: are two-line dialogues between two speakers each followed
by a multiple choice question. the 30 short dialogues and 30 questions about
them make up part A of the test
b. Long conversations: are 60-90 second conversations on casual topics between
students each followed by a number of multiple choice questions. The two
conversations and the seven to nine questions that accompany them make up
part B of the test.
c. Talks: are 60-90 second talks about school life or on academic subjects, each
followed by a number of multiple questions. The three lectures and the 11-13
questions that accompany them make up part C of the test.
General strategies for listening comprehension:
1- Be familiar with the directions.
2- Listen carefully to the passage.
3- Know where the easier and the more difficult questions are generally found.
3- Be familiar with the pacing of the test. (You have 12 seconds between each
question on the recording. so you must answer within 12 seconds and then
prepared for the next question.
4- Never leave any answers blank on your answer sheet.
5- Use any remaining time to look ahead the answers to the question that follow.
Short dialogues
Very important notes
1- As you listen to each dialogue, focus on the second line of the conversations.
The answer to the question is generally found in the second line.
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2- Keep in mind that the correct answer is probably a restatement of a key word
or idea in the second line of the dialogue. Think of passable restatements.
3- Keep in mind that certain structures and expressions are tested regularly in
the short dialogue. listen for these structure and expressions :
a. Structure (passive, negatives, wishes, conditions)
b. Functional expressions (agreement, uncertainly, suggestion, surprise)
c. Idiomatic expressions (two-part verbs, three-part verbs , idioms)
4- Keep in mind that these questions generally progress easy to difficult. This
mean that questions 1 through 5 will be easiest and questions 26 through 30 will
be the hardest.
5- Read the answers and chose the best answer to each question. Remember to
answer each question even if you are not sure of the correct response. Never
leave any answers blank.
6- Even if you do not understand the complete dialogue, you can still find the
correct answer :
a. If you only understand a few words or ideas in the second line, chose the
answer that contains a restatement of those words or ideas.
b. If you do not understand anything at all in the second line of the conversation,
chose the answer that sounds that sounds the most different from what you
heard.
c. Never choose an answer because it sounds like what you heard in the
dialogue.
7- Be prepared for the next question. You have only 12 seconds between
questions.
A- Listening Part A : short conversations
(1)- Strategies
Skill 1: focus on the last line
Strategy skill 1: Focus on the last line
1- The last line of the dialogue probably contains the answer to the question.
2- Listen to the first line of the dialogue. If you understand it, thats good. If you
dont understand it, dont worry because it probably does not contain the answer.
3- Be ready to focus on the last line of the dialogue because it probably contains
the answer. Repeat the last line in your mind as you read through the answer in
the text
Skill 2: choose answers with synonyms
Strategy Skill 2: choose answers with synonyms
1- As you listen to the last of the dialogue, focus on key words in that line.
2- If you see any synonyms for key words in a particular answers, then you have
probably found the correct answer
Skill 3: avoid similar sounds
Strategy Skill 3: avoid similar sounds
1- Identify key words in the last line of the dialogue.
2- Identify words in the answers that contain similar, and not chose these
answers.
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(2)- Who, what, where

Skill 4: draw conclusions about who, what, where
draw conclusions about who, what, where
It is common for you to be asked to draw one of the following conclusions in the
short dialogues:
1- WHO is probably talking?
2- WHAT will s/he probably do next?
3- WHERE does the dialogue probably take place?
Skill 5: listen for who and what in passive
Passive statement
1- If the dialogue contains a passive statement, the answer to the question is
often an active statement.
2- If the dialogue contains an active statement, the answer to the question is
often a passive statement.
NOTE: check carefully who or what is doing the action in these questions.
Skill 6: listen for who and what with multiple nouns
who and what with multiple nouns
When there are multiple nouns in a sentence, it is common for the answers to
confuse which noun does what.
(3)- Negatives
Skill 7: listen for negative expressions
Types of negative expressions
Expressions Example Correct answer
Regular negative: not or nt Tom is not sad about the results Not sad = happy
Other negatives: nobody , none, nothing, never Nobody arrived on time
Sal never works hard Nobody on time = late
Never works hard = lazy
Negative prefixes : in-, dis- The patient was insane Insane = not sane = crazy
Skill 8: listen for double negative expressions
Double negative
Situation Example Meaning
Negative word (not, no, none) and a negative prefix (in, un, dis) He didnt like
the unclean office Did not like unclean office
= liked clean office
Two negative verbs It isnt snowing so they arent going to the mountains
Implies that they would go if it were snowing
Neither or not . Either Sue, didnt like the movie, and neither did mark Both
did not like the movie
Skill 9: listen for almost negative expressions
Common almost negative Expressions
Meaning Expressions Example
Almost none Hardly
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Barely
Scarcely
Only There is a hardly any food in the refrigerator
Almost never Rarely
Seldom He rarely drives to work
Skill 10: listen for negative with comparatives
Comparatives with negative
Comparatives Example Meaning
More No one is more beautiful than she is She is the most beautiful
-er He couldnt be happier He is extremely happy
(4)- Functions
Skill 11: listen for expressions of agreement
expressions of agreement
Agreement with positive statements Agreement with negative statements
So do I.
Me, too.
Ill say!
Isnt it!
You can say that again! Neither do I.
I dont either
Skill 12: listen for expressions uncertainty and suggestion
expressions uncertainty and suggestion
uncertainty suggestion
..Isnt it (tag)?
As far as I know.
As far as I can tell. Why not.?
Lets ..
Skill 13: listen for emphatic expressions of surprise
Expressions of emphatic surprise
Verb Emphatic form Example Meaning
Be
Modal
Present tense
Past tense
Perfect tense Be, with emphasis
Modal, with emphasis
Do(es), with emphasis
Did, with emphasis
Have, with emphasis Then he is here!
Then you can go
Then you do play tennis
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Then she did read it

Then he has gone there I thought he was not here
I thought you could not go
I thought you did not play Tennis
I thought she had not read it
I thought he had not gone there
(5)- Contrary Meanings
Skill 14: listen for wishes
Key information about wishes
Point Example Meaning
1- An affirmative implies a negative realty.
2- A negative wish implies an affirmative realty.
I wish I had time to help
I wish I did not have not time to help = no time to help
= time to help
1- A past tense verb implies a present realty.
2- A past perfect tense implies a past realty. I wish he were at home *
I wish he had been at home = is not at home
= was not at home
*note: remember that were is used instead of was in wishes. I wish I were going
Skill 15: Listen for untrue conditions
Key information about untrue conditions
Point Example Meaning
1- An affirmative implies a negative realty.
2- A negative wish implies an affirmative realty. If she were at home, she could
do it
If she werent at home, she could do it = at home
= at home
1- A past tense verb implies a present realty.
2- A past perfect tense implies a past realty. If I had money, I would buy it
If I had had money, I would have bought it = do not have money
= did not have money
He can be used without if Had I had money have bought it = did not have money
(6)- Idiomatic language
Skill 16: Listen for two-and three- parts verbs
Verb Meaning Verb Meaning
Cut down Decrease it Cut off Stop supply of
Cut it out Stop it Get ahead Advance
Get along Be friendly Get at Imply
Get back Get revenge from Get by Mange
Get over Recover from Get rid of Throw away
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Verb Meaning Verb Meaning

Brush it off Not let it effect Brush up Review, relearn
Come across Unexpectedly find Come down with Get sick with
Look after Take care off Look into Investigate
Look it over Look at it briefly Pick on Bother
Pick out Choose Pick up Come and get
Verb Meaning Verb Meaning
Call on Visit Call off Cancel
Call for Request, suggest Call up Telephone
Give away Donate Give back Return
Give up Surrender Put off Delay
Put on Dress in Put up with Tolerate
Verb Meaning Verb Meaning
Break into Unlawfully enter Break off end
Carry it off Succeed Carry on Continue
Hold off Postpone Keep it up Continue
Lay off Fire Run into Unexpectedly meet
Run out of Fully use the supply of Wear out tire
Verb Meaning Verb Meaning
Play up Increase the significance of Pull it off Succeed
Show off Try to attract attention Show up Arrive
Take place Happen Take turns Alternate
Take up Begin Turn down Refuse
Turn in Submit Turn into become
Skill 17: listen for idioms
Idiom Meaning
Burn the candle at both ends Doing too much
Put the car before the horse Doing something in the wrong order
Put his foot in his mouth Saying embarrassing things
Beat around the bush Speaking indirectly
Look for a needle in a haystack Doing something difficult
Play with fire Doing something dangerous
Bark up the wrong tree making a mistake
Look out for number one Thinking only about himself
Take forever and a day Talking a really long time
Kill two birds with one stone Accomplishing two things at once
Miss the boat Missed an opportunity
Jump out of the frying pan and into the fire Going from bad to worse
Between a rock and a hard place Without any good options
Head and shoulders above the rest The best
All in a days work Nothing out of the ordinary
Jack of all trades Accomplished at many things
Like trying to swim upstream Really difficult or frustrating
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One in a million Really wonderful

Off the hock Not responsible any longer
All in the same boat In the same situation
Like two peas in a pod Exactly alike
A chip off the old block Just like his father
On her last legs Very tired
On the tip of my tongue An idea that is not in words
two heads are better than one Its good to work together
You could hear a pin drop it was really quit
Six of one , half dozen of the other It doesnt matter
To each his own Everyone has a different opinion
Just my luck Im not so fortunate
No sooner said than done It will be done immediately
His bark is worse than his bite His words are worse than his actions
Where theres a will , theres a way If you want something , you can do it
So far , so good Its been going well up to now
Every cloud has a silver lining Bad things are accompanied by good
Rome wasnt built in a day Everything takes time
two heads are better than one You always want what you dont have
turn over a new leaf start over again
Dont count your chickens before they hatched Depend on something you dont
have
Stand on my own two feet Do it myself
Strike while the iron is hot Take advantage of a good opportunity
Hit the nail right on the head Were exactly right
Look before you leap Think before you act
Sink her teeth into Get really involved in
Dot all the Is and cross all the ts Pay attention to every detail
Run around like a chicken with its head cut off Act overly nervous and excited
Be a piece of cake Be extremely easy
Let sleeping dogs lie Leave something alone
Have been born with a silver spoon in his mouth Be spoiled
B- Listening Part B : Long conversations
Very important notes
1- If you have time, preview the answers to the questions. While you are looking
at the answers, you should try to do the following:
a. Anticipate the topics of the conversations you will hear.
b. Anticipate the questions for each of the groups of answers.
2- Listen carefully to the first line of the conversation. The first line of the
conversation often contains the main idea, subject, or topic of the conversation,
and you will often be asked to answer such questions.
3- As you listen to the conversation, draw conclusions about the situation of the
conversation: who is talking, where the conversation takes place, or w hen it
takes place. You will often be asked to make such inferences about the
conversation.
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4- As you listen to the conversation, follow along with the answers in your test
book and try to determine the correct answers. Detail questions are generally
answered in order in the conversation, and the answers often sound the same as
what is said on the recording.
5- You should guess even if you are not sure. Never leave any answers blank.
6- Use any remaining time to look ahead at the answers to the questions that
follow.
Before listening
Skill 18: Anticipate the topics
It is very helpful to your overall comprehension if you know what topics to
expect in the long conversion. You should therefore try to anticipate the topics
you will be hearing. For example, are the conversions about some aspect of
school life, or some type of social issue, or a trip someone is planning? A helpful
strategy is therefore to look briefly at the answers in the test book, before you
actually hear the conversion on the recording, and try to determine the topics of
the conversion that you will hear.
Skill 19: Anticipate the questions
It is very helpful to your ability to answer individual questions with the long
conversion if you can anticipate what the question will be and listen specifically
for the answers to those questions.
While listening
Skill 20: Determine the topic
As you listen to each long conversion, you should be thinking about the topic
(subject) or main idea for each conversion. Since the first one or two sentences
generally give the topic, you should be asking yourself what the topic is while
you are listing carefully to the first part of the conversion.
Skill 21: Draw conclusions about who, what, when, where
As you listen to each long conversion, you should be trying to set the situation in
your mind. You should be thinking the following thoughts:
Who is talking?
When does the conversion probably take place?
Where does the conversion probably take place?
What is the source of information for the conversion?
On the recording you will hear:
(Man) why do you have so many books?
(Women) I need them for my paper on Gorge Washington. Do you know how I
can check them out?
(Man) Yes. You should go downstairs to the circulation desk and fill out a card
for each book.
You think:
Who is probably talking? (Two students)
Where are they? (in the library)
What course are they discussing? (American History)

Skill 22: Listen for answers in order

There are two possible methods to use while you listen to a long conversion:
You can just listen to the conversion (and ignore the answers).
You can follow along with the answers while you listen.
Some students prefer to just listen to the conversion while it is being spoken,
and if that method works well for you, then that is what you should do. Other
students find that they ca n answer more questions correctly if they read along
with the answers while the conversion is being spoken. Because the detail
questions are answered in order, it is possible to read along whole you listen to
the conversion on the recording.
C- Listening Part C : Long Talks
Three talks, each followed by a number of multiple-chaise questions, appear in
Part C of the Listening Comprehension section of the test. You will hear the
talks and the questions on a recording, they are not written in your test book.
Like the conversion in Part B, the talks are often about aspect of school life or
topics currently in the news. It is also very common for the talks to be shortened
versions of lectures from courses taught in American colleges and universities.
Very important notes
1- If you have time, preview the answers to the questions. While you are looking
at the answers, you should try to do the following:
Anticipate the topics of the talks you will hear.
Anticipate the questions for each of the groups of answers.
2- Listen carefully to the first line of the talk. The first of the line often contains
the main idea, subject, or topic if the talk and you will often be asked this type
of question.
3- As you listen to the talk, draw conclusions about the situation of the talk: who
is talking, where or when the talks place, which course this might be given in.
you will often be asked to make such inferences about the talk.
4- As you listen to the talk, follow along with the answers in your test book and
try to determine the correct answers. Detail questions are generally answered in
order in the talks, and the answers often sound the same as what is said on the
recording.
5- You should guess even if you are not sure. Never leave any answers blank.
6- Use the remaining time to look ahead at the answers to the questions that
follow.
Before listening
Skill 23: Anticipate the topics
It is very helpful to your overall comprehension if you know what topics to
expect in the long talks. You should therefore try to anticipate the topics that you
will be hearing (as you did with the long conversions). For example, are the
talks about American history, or literature, or some aspect of school life? A
helpful to look briefly at the answers in the test book, before you actually hear
the talks on the recording, and try to determine the topics of the talks that you
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will hear.
Skill 24: Anticipate the questions
It is very helpful to your ability to answer individual questions with the long
talks if you can anticipate what questions what the questions will be listen
specifically for the answers to those questions (as you did with the long
conversions).
While listening
Skill 25: Determine the topic
As you listen to each long talk, you should be thinking about the topic (subject)
or main idea for the talk (as you did with the long conversions). Since the first
sentence is generally a topic sentence, you should be asking yourself what the
topic is while you are listening carefully to the first part of the talk.
On the recording, you hear:
(Man) the major earthquake that occurred east of Los Angeles in 1971 is still the
economy of the area today.
You think: The topic of the talk is the effect of the 1971 earthquake on Los
Angeles today.
Skill 26: Draw conclusions about who, what, when, where
As you listen to each talk, you should be trying to set the situation in your mind
(as you did with the long conversations). You should be thinking the following
thoughts:
Who is talking?
When does the talk probably take place?
Where does the talk probably take place?
What course is the talk concerned with?
What is the source of information for the talk?
Skill 27: Listen for answers in order
There are two possible methods to use while you listen to the talks.
You can just listen to the talk (and ignore the answers).
You can follow along with the answers while you listen.
II -Thirty Common English Idioms
1 24/7 all the time; constantly My little sister irritates me 24/7!
2 A short fuse A quick temper Jamie is known for his short fuse; just a few days
ago he screamed at his coach for not letting him play
3 A taste of your own medicine Bad treatment deservedly received for treating
other people badly After constantly being prank-called, Julian decided to give
Juan a taste of his own medicine and ordered twenty-seven pizzas to be
delivered to Juans house
4 Butterflies in my stomach To be nervous Liam had butterflies in his stomach
before he went on stage to play the violin
5 Cat got your tongue? Cant you speak? (Usually said to embarrass the other
person) I just saw you kissing my boyfriend. Whats the matter? Cat got your
tongue?
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6 Down for the count Tired; giving up; unable or unwilling to participate any
longer No, you cant take my dog for a walk shes down for the count after
chasing cats all day.
7 Draw the line to know the point where something goes from okay to not okay
Now I draw the line at speaking in front of 34,000 people
8 Easier said than done Not as easy as it appears to be. You want me to come to
work at 6:00 AM? Easier said than done!
9 Every cloud has a silver lining You can find good in every bad situation Even
though you just got fired, remember that every cloud has a silver lining at least
you dont have to work for that grouchy boss anymore
10 Finding a needle in a haystack Virtually impossible to find Trying to get a
new job these days is like trying to find a needle in a haystack.
11 Fish out of water To be out of place Tom felt like a fish out of water at the
Star Trek convention his new girlfriend begged him to attend
12 Get something off your chest to admit something you have done wrong I
have to get this off my chest I copied your answers from the test. Thanks for
the D by the way
13 Give it a whirl To try something Ive never gone kite-boarding, but Im
prepared to give it a whirl!
14 In the fast lane A life filled with excitement When Curtis turned forty, he
decided he needed to live life in the fast lane, so he quit his job as a dentist and
decided to tour Europe by motorcycle
15 In the nick of time Almost too late You came to pick me up in the nick of
time my teacher just saw me skipping class and was on his way to give me
detention
16 Let the cat out of the bag Tell a secret Bradys surprise party is going to be
great if you dont let the cat out of the bag.
17 Lose your marbles To go crazy; insane Our professor has really lost his
marbles; he assigned us seven essays this week!
18 Once in a blue moon Rarely In Florida, the temperature drops below freezing
only once in a blue moon.
19 Plain as day Obvious; clear Its plain as day that youre in love with her, so
just admit it.
20 Play second fiddle To be less important I hate playing second fiddle to my
sister; she always does things better than I do!
21 Put your foot in your mouth Saying something you shouldnt have Jessica
really put her foot in her mouth when she asked about Johns job right after he
lost it.
22 Sick and tired To be bothered or annoyed by She is sick and tired of her dog
chewing up her shoes every day
23 Sleep on it To think about something for a while before making a decision
Dont tell me whether youll move to Texas with me or not today. Sleep on it,
and get back to me tomorrow
24 Snug as a bug in a rug Warm and cozy; content That baby looks as snug as a
bug in a rug cuddled up next to his mother
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25 Stick your nose into something To interfere Sharon always sticks her nose
into everyone elses business.
26 Straight from the horses mouth Directly from the person involved Listen to
the news straight from the horses mouth; were all getting bonuses this week!
27 Take it easy Relax I know youre not feeling well, so try to take it easy today
28 Tip of the iceberg The small easily visible part of a larger problem The fact
that Carrie is dating a member of the mafia is just the tip of the iceberg; shes
also smuggling contraband into the country.
29 To not see the wood for the trees To be so involved with the details that you
dont get the most important facts She always argues about the silliest things; its
like she cant see the wood for the trees
30 Up a creek without a paddle : In an unlucky/bad situation If you dont have
any money to pay for the repairs we just made to your car, I guess youre up a
creek without a paddle because you cant have your car back.
III- Idioms (TOEFL secrets)
Idiom Meaning
Ace make am 'A' on a test , homework assignment , project , etc
Antsy tired of waiting
As easy as pie very easy
At the eleventh hour at the last minute , always too late
Bad mouth say unkind , embarrassing and probably untrue about someone
Be a piece of cake be very easy
Be all ears be eager to hear what some has to say
Be in and out be at and away from a place during a particular time
Be on the go : be very busy
Beat around the bush avoid giving a direct answer
Beat one's brain out try very hard to understand or do something
Beats me have no idea
Before long soon
Bent out of the shape need Lesley worried about something
Blabber mouth a very talkative person
Blow one's top become extremely angry
Boom box CD cassette player
The bottom line the most essential information
Break a leg good luck
Bug annoy , bother someone
Bull-headed stubborn , inflexible
A bundle a lot of money
Burn the midnight oil study/work all night or until very , very late at night
Bushed very tired
By the skin of one's teeth barely succeed in doing something
Call it a day stop work for the day
Can't make heads or tails of something can't understand something at all
Catch one's eyes attract one's attention / interest
Catch some Zs sleep for a while , take a nap
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Chicken cowardly
Chow down eat
A chinch something that is very easy to do
Cost (someone) an arm and a leg cost a lot , be very expensive
Couch potato someone who spend too much time watching TV
Cram try to learn as much as possible in a very short time
Crash course short course designed to give a lot of knowledge in a very short
time .
Cut it out stop doing something (that's annoying)
Dicey uncertain , taking too much of a chance
Ditch class skip class / play hooky
Do a bang-up job do a very good job , do very well at something
Down in the dumps depressed , blue
Drop someone in a line write to someone
Drag one's feet delay , take longer than necessary to do something
An eager beaver a person who is always willing to volunteer or do extra work
Easy does it be vary carful , don't do anything too fast or too hard
An egghead a very intelligent person
Elbow grease hard work , effort
Every other alternately , omitting the second one in each group of two
Idiom Meaning
Far-fetched difficult to accept , difficult to believe
Feel puny feel unwell , ill
Fender bender automobile accident
Get a kick out of something find something amusing
Get a move on hurry
Get one's wires crossed be confused or mistaken about something
Get out of hand Become out of control , become badly managed
Get up and go Energy
A (real) go getter A (very) ambitious , hard working person
Go with the flow Take things as they come
Grab a bite Get something to eat
Green Inexperienced
Hard headed Stubborn , inflexible , unwilling to change
Have ones hands full Be extremely busy
Have / has (ve/s) got Have / has
Have something down pat Know / understand something completely and
thoroughly
Hit the books Study
Hit the hay / sack Go to bed , go to sleep
How come? Why ? (statement word order)
In the black Profitable , not showing a financial loss
In the red Un profitable , showing a financial loss
Jump all over someone Severely criticize / find fault with someone
Jump the gun Do something before its time to do it
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Keep an eye on Check something regularly

Keep an eye out for Watch for
Keep / stay in touch (with someone) Remain informed (about someone) / in a
contact by writing , etc
Keep ones fingers crossed Hope for the best
Kind of Rather , more or less , a little
Know something inside out Know / understand something thoroughly
Leave well enough alone Do nothing (because doing something would make
things worse)
A let down A disappointment , something thats very disappointing
Live from hand to mouth Survive on very little money , have only enough
money
Live and let live Dont unnecessarily make things difficult
Lousy Terrible , very bad
Nosh Snack
Not on your life Absolutely not , (a strong no)
Now and then / Once in a while Occasionally , from time to time
Nuke Heat in a microwave
Nuts Crazy
On the cutting edge Using the most recent technology
Plastic Credit cards
Pretty (adv) Rather , somewhat
Pull an all nighter study or work all night without getting any sleep
Pull someones leg Tease someone by trying to make her/him believe something
untrue
R and R Rest and relaxation (a vacation)
Rain or shine No matter what weather is
Rub someone the wrong way Irritate someone , bother or annoy someone
Rub down Not well , weak , needing repair
Sleep on it Take at least a day to think about something before making a
decision
A snap Something thats very easy to do
Idiom Meaning
Sooner or later Eventually
So so Fair , not
State of the art Using the latest technology
Step on it Hurry up
Toss something Throw something away , put something in the trash
There , there Expression of comfort
Two faced Deceitful , someone who pretends to be a friend but isn't
Under the weather ill , sick , unwell
Until hell freezes over Forever
Until you're blue in the face Forever
Inside down With the bottom part on top part on bottom
Used to (+ V) An action that was true in the past but is not true now
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Was my face red I was very embarrassed

Wear out one's welcome Make someone uncomfortable by visiting too long
What for? Why?
What's up? What's new? , what's happening?
A yes man Someone who tries to get approval by agreeing with every one
You don't say Really, is that really true?
You've got to be kidding You can't be serious
Yucky Terrible , distasteful , very unpleasant
Yummy Delicious
Zilch Nothing
Zip your lip Keep something secret
Tell a white lie Say something that untrue in order not to hurt someone
Take it easy Relax
Sort of Rather, somewhat
Read someones mind Know what someone is thinking
pooped Very tired
Pop quiz Short quiz
On time At the scheduled
On the dot Exactly at a given time
Ok Yes, so-so, well, approve (verb)
Tough Difficult
Take it easy Relax
Tricky Easily confused or misunderstood
Be broke No money
Bucks Dollars
Fire Dismiss
Get it Understand
Be over Finish
Cool it Calm down
For ages Long time
Get lost Go away
Be on the road Travel
Blue Sad
Get going Leave
Be up and running Ready
With bells on Very eagerly
Wishy-washy Without an opinion of ones own
IV- Idioms (speak English like an American)
Idiom Meaning Idiom Meaning
# About to Ready to , on the verge of After all Despite everything , the fact
At least Anyway , the good thing is (to) break the news To make something
known
Dead end job A job that won't lead to anything else Let's face it Accept a
difficult reality
give one the creeps To create a feeling of horror Give someone the ax To fire
16

someone
Lose one's temper To become very angry No point in No reason to
Put up with To endure without complaint Real flop or flop Failure
(to) save the day To prevent a disaster Sharp as a tack Very intelligent
Talk over To Discus Top dollar A lot of money
# easier said than done More difficult than you think Got canned (slang) To get
fired
Hang in there To preserve , to not give up Keep one's chin up To stay positive
If worse comes to worst In the worst case Last resort Last solution
Make ends meet To mange one's okay Out of work Unemployed
Right hand man Helpful assistant or employer Set eyes on To look at
Stab in the back To betray someone Thank goodness I'm grateful
Think big To set high goals When pigs fly Never
# beside the point Not important Blow something To spoil
Buckle down Start working seriously Can't stand To hate
Cut class To miss class without an excuse Lost cause Something hopeless
(to) not give a hoot To not care about Slack off To waste time
(to) stand a chance To have the possibility of success Over one's head Beyond
one's understanding
#drive one crazy To annoy someone very much Get into To enter a profession
Hit the nail on the head To be right Pay a complaint To give someone complaint
Shake in ones show To be afraid Way to go Good work
# Crazy about To like very much Drop by To pay time idly
Hang out To spend out Under ones breath Quietly, in a whisper
# cheer someone up To make someone happy Good thinking Good idea
Have a heart of gold To be very kind and giving Make a bundle To make a lot of
money
Just what the DR order Exactly what was needed To be on edge Nervous
#bright and early Early in the mooring Fat chance Definitely not
To give it a shot To try something Needless to say Obviously
Not have a clue To know nothing about Work like a dog To work very hard
#dime a dozen Common To make splash To win popularity fast
Pipe dream An unrealistic hope Thats the breaks When something happened
#by far By a great difference Its deal I agree
Kid around To joke around #dont mention it You are welcome
#From the scratch From the beginning Go nuts To be crazy
Roll up ones sleeves To prepare to work Sit tight To wait patiently
You can say that again I agree with you Make a pig of oneself To eat too much
#cant complain I am fine Crunch numbers To perform calculations
Drive a hard bargain T to be tough in negotiating an deal Get the ball rolling To
get started
Hows it going How are you? Now youre talking You say right things
Take it or leave it Accept or reject an offer Make a living To earn money
Sweeten the deal To make an offer more attractive On the question Impossible
# for heavens sake Expressing emotions such surprise Get going To leave
17

Help out To give assistance Like crazy With great speed

Like pulling teeth Very difficult Never mind It doesnt matter
Pitch in To help Run around To move about quickly
Things are looking up Things are improving Pick up To learn
V- Idioms & Usage (4000 vocabulary)
Idiom Usage Examples
Accept / Except Accept means "to agree to" or "to receive".
Except means "to object to'' or "to leave out" We will accept (receive) your
manuscript for review.
No parking is allowed, except (leave out) on holidays.
Account forto When explaining something, the correct idiom is account for
When receiving blame or credit , the correct idiom is account to We had to
account for all the missing money.
You will have to account to the state for your crimes
Adapted to-for-from Adapted to means "naturally suited for".
Adapted for means "created to be suited for".
Adapted from "changed to be suited for". The polar bear is adapted to subzero
temperatures.
For any new orders it must be adapted for anything.
Lucas's latest release is adapted from the B-movie.
Affect / Effect Effect is a noun meaning " a result"
Affect is a verb meaning "to influence" Increased fighting will be the effect of
the peace
The rain affected their plans for a picnic
All ready vs.
Already All ready means "everything ready"
Already means "earlier"
A lot vs. A lot A lot is nonstandard , a lot is the correct form
Among / Between Between should be used when referring to two things.
Among should be used when referring to more than two things. The young lady
must choose between two suitors.
The fault is spread evenly among the three defendants
Being that vs. Since Being that is nonstandard and should be replaced by since.
(Faulty) being that darkness was fast approaching we had to abandon the search.
(Better) Since darkness was fast approaching, we had to abandon the search.
Beside / Besides Adding an S to beside completely changes its meaning: beside
means "next to". Besides means "in addition". We sat beside (next to) the host.
Besides (in addition), money was not even an issue in the contract negations.
Center vs. Center around Center around is colloquial. It should not be used in
formal writing. (Faulty) the dispute centers around the effects of undocumented
workers.
(Correct) the dispute centers on the effects of undocumented workers.
Confirm to (not with) Stewarts's writing does don confirm to standard literary
conventions.
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Consensus of opinion Consensus of opinion is redundant: consensus mean

"general agreement".
Correspond to/With Correspond to means "in agreement with"
Correspond with means "to exchange letters" The penalty does not correspond to
the severity of the crime.
He corresponded with many of the top European leaders of his time.
Different from / Different than The preferred form is different from. Only in rare
cases is different than acceptable. The new Cedillas are very different from the
imported luxury cars.
Double negatives (Faulty) scarcely nothing was learned during the seminar.
(Correct) scarcely anything was learned during the seminar.
Doubt that vs. Doubt whether Doubt whether is nonstandard (Faulty) I doubt
whether his new business will succeed
(Correct) I doubt that his new business will succeed
Farther / further Use farther when referring to distance, and use further when
referring to degree They went no further (degree) than necking.
He threw the discs farther (distance) than the top
Idiom Usage Examples
Fewer / Less Use fewer when referring t a number of items. Use less when
referring to a continuous quantity. In the past, we had fewer options.
The impact was less than what was expected
Identical with (not to) This bid is identical with the one submitted by you
In contrast to (not of) In contrast to the conservative attitudes of her time, mae
west was quite provocative.
Independent of (not from) The judiciary is independent of the other branches of
government
Not only but also In this construction, but cannot be replaced with and
(Faulty) Peterson is not only the top salesman in the department and also the
most proficient
(Correct) Peterson is not only the top salesman in the department but also the
most proficient
On account of vs. Because Because is always better than the circumlocution on
account of. (Poor) On account of his poor behavior, he was expelled
(Better) Because he behavior poorly, he was expelled
One another / Each other Each other should be used when referring to two things
and one another should be used when referring to more than two things. The
members of the basketball team (more than two) congratulated one another on
their victory.
The business partners (two) congratulated each other on their successful first
year.
Plus / And Do not use plus as a conjunction meaning and.
(NOTE) plus can be used to mean and so long as it is not being used as a
conjunction. (Faulty) His contributions to this community are considerable, plus
his character is beyond reproach.
19

(Correct) His contributions to this community are considerable, and his

character is beyond reproach.
(Acceptable) His generous financial contribution plus his donated time has made
this project a success.
Regard vs. Regards Unless you are giving best wishes to someone, you should
use regard. (Faulty) In regards to your letter, we would be interested in
distributing your product.
(Correct) In regard to your letter, we would be interested in distributing your
product.
Regardless vs. Irregardless Regardless means "not withstanding". Hence, the
"IR' in irregardless is redundant .regardless is the correct form.
Retroactive to (not from) The correct idiom is retroactive to. The tax increase is
retroactive to February.
Speak to/With To speak to someone is to tell them something.
To speak with someone is to discuss something with them. We spoke to Jennings
about the alleged embezzlement.
Steve spoke with his friend Dave for hours yesterday.
The reason is because This structure is redundant. Equally common and doubly
redundant is the structure the reason why is because. (Poor) the reason why I
could not attend the party is because I had to work.
(Better) I could not attend the party because I had to work.
Whether vs. As to whether The circumlocution as to whether should be replaced
by whether. (Poor) The United Nations has not deiced as to whether to authorize
a trade embargo.
(Better) The United Nations has not decided whether to authorize a trade
embargo.
Whether vs. If Whether introduce a choice. If introduces a condition. A common
mistake is to use to present a choice. (Faulty) He inquired if we had decided to
keep the gift.
(Correct) He inquired whether we had decided to keep the gift.
VI- Phrasal verb list
Verb Meaning Example Verb Meaning Example
Ask someone out Invite on date Brain asked Judy out to dinner and a movie Ask
around Ask many people the same question I asked around but nobody has seen
my wallet
Add up to something Equal Your purchases add up to 205.32$ Back something
up Reserve You'll have to back up your car so that I can get out
Back someone up Support My wife backed me up over my decision to quit my
job Blow up Explode The racing car blew up after it crashed into the fence
Blow something up Add air We have to blow 50 balloons up for the party Break
down Stop functioning (machine) Our car broke down at the side of the highway
in the snowstorm
Break down Get upset The women broke down when police told her that Break
something down Divide into smaller parts Our teacher broke the final project
down into 3 parts
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Break in Force entry to a building Somebody broke in last night and stole our
stereo Break something in Enter forcibly The fireman had to break into the room
to rescue the children
Break in Interrupt The TV station broke in to report the news of the president's
death Break something in Wear something a few times so that it doesnt look
new I need to break these shoes in before we run next week
Break up End a relationship My boyfriend and I broke up before I moved to
America Break up Start laughing (informal) The kids just broke up as soon as
the clown started talking
Break out Escape The prisoners broke out in a rash after our coming trip Break
out in something Develop a skin condition I broke out in a rash after our
camping up
Bring someone down Make unhappy This sad music is bringing me down Bring
someone up Raise a child My grandparents brought me up after y parents died
Bring something up Start talking about a subject My mother walks out of the
room when my father brings up sports Bring something up Vomit He drinks so
much that he brought his dinner up in the toilet
Call around Phone many different places/people We called around but we
weren't able to find the car part we needed Call someone back Return a phone
call I called the company back but the office were closed for the weekend
Call something off Cancel Jason called the wedding off because he wasn't in
love with his fianc Call on someone Ask for an answer or opinion The
professor called on me for question 1
Call on someone Visit someone We called on you last night but you weren't
home Call someone up Phone Give me your phone number and I will call you
up when we are in town
Calm down Relax after being angry You are still mad. You need to calm down
before you drive the car Not care for someone/something Not like (formal) I
don't care for his behavior
Catch up Get to the same point as someone else You'll have to run faster than
that if you want to catch up with Marty Check in Arrive and register at a hotel or
airport We will get the hotel keys when we check in
Check out Leave a hotel You have to check out of the hotel before 11 AM Check
someone
/something out Look at carefully, investigate The company checks out all new
employees
Verb Meaning Example Verb Meaning Example
Check out someone
/something Look at (informal) Check out the crazy hair on that guy! Cheer up
Become happier She cheered up when she heard the good news
Cheer someone happy Make happier I brought you same flowers to cheer up
Chip up Help If everyone chips in we can get the kitchen painted by soon
Clean something up Tidy, clean Please clean up your bedroom before you go
outside Come across something Find unexpectedly I came across these old
photos when I was tidying the closet
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Come apart Separate The top and bottom come apart if you pull hard enough
Come down with something Become sick My nephew came down with chicken
pox this weekend
Come forward Volunteer for a task or to give evidence The women came
forward with her husband's finger prints Come from somewhere Originate in
The art of origami comes from Asia
Count on someone
/something Rely on I am counting on you to make dinner while I am out Cross
something out Draw a line through Please cross out your old address and write
your new one
Cut back on something Consume less My doctor wants me to cut back on sweets
and fatty foods Cut something down Make something fall to the ground We had
to cut the old tree in our yard down after the storm
Cut it Interrupt Your father cut in while I was dancing with your uncle Cut in
Pull in too closely in front of another vehicle The bus driver got angry when that
car cut in
Cut in Start operating (of an engine or electrical device) The air condition cuts in
when the temperature gets to 22 C Cut something off Remove with something
sharp The doctors cut off his leg because it was severely injured
Cut something off Stop providing The phone company cut off our phone
because we didnt pay the bill Cut someone off Take out of a will My
grandparents cut my father off when he remarried
Cut something out Remove part of something (usually with scissors) I cut this
ad out of the newspaper Do someone
/something over Beat up He's lucky to be alive. His shop was done over by a
street gang
Do something over Do again My teacher wants me to do my essay over because
she doesn't like my
topic do away with something Discard It's time to do away with all of these old
tax records
Do something up Fasten, close Do your coat up before you go
Outside. It's snowing! Dress up Wear nice clothing It's a fancy restaurant so we
have
to dress up
drop back move back in a position/group Andrea dropped back to third place
when she fell off her bike drop in/by/over come without an appointment I might
drop in/by/over for tea
sometime this week
Drop someone/something off Take someone/something somewhere and leave
them I have to drop my sister off at work
before I come over Drop out Quit a class, school etc I dropped out of Science
because it
was too difficult
Eat out Eat at a restaurant I don't feel like cooking tonight.
Let's eat out End up Eventually reach/do/decide We ended up renting a movie
22

instead
of going to the theatre
fall apart break into pieces My new dress fell apart in the washing machine fall
down fall to the ground The picture that you hung up last
night fell down this morning
Verb Meaning Example Verb Meaning Example
fall out separate from an interior The money must have fallen out of
my pocket fall out (of hair, teeth) become loose and
unattached
His hair started to fall out when he
was only 35
figure something out understand, find the answer I need to figure out how to fit
the
piano and the bookshelf in this room fill something in to write information in
blanks
Please fill in the form with your
name, address, and phone number
fill something out to write information in blanks
The form must be filled out in
capital letters fill something up fill to the top I always fill the water jug up when
it
is empty
find out discover We don't know where he lives. How
Can we find out?
find something out discover We tried to keep the time of the
party a secret, but Samantha found
it out
get something across/over communicate, make
understandable
I tried to get my point across/over
to the judge but she wouldn't listen get along/on like each other I was surprised
how well my new
girlfriend and my sister got
along/on
get around have mobility My grandfather can get around fine
in his new wheelchair get away go on a vacation We worked so hard this year
that we
had to get away for a week
get away with something do without being noticed or
punished
Jason always gets away with
cheating in his math tests get back return We got back from our vacation last
week
get something back receive something you had before Liz finally got her
23

Science notes
back from my room-mate get back at someone retaliate, take revenge My sister
got back at me for
Stealing her shoes. She stole my
favorite hat
get back into something become interested in something
again
I finally got back into my novel and
finished it get on something step onto a vehicle We're going to freeze out here if
you don't let us get on the bus
get over something recover from an illness, loss,
difficulty
I just got over the flu and now my
sister has it get over something overcome a problem The company will have to
close if it
can't get over the new regulations
get round to something finally find time to do I don't know when I am going to
get
round to writing the thank you
cards get together meet (usually for social reasons) Let's get together for a BBQ
this
weekend
get up get out of bed I got up early today to study for my
exam get up stand You should get up and give the
elderly man your seat.
give someone away reveal hidden information about someone His wife gave
him away to the police give someone away take the bride to the altar My father
gave me away at my
wedding
Verb Meaning Example Verb Meaning Example
give something away ruin a secret My little sister gave the surprise
party away by accident give something away give something to someone for
free
The library was giving away old
books on Friday
give something back return a borrowed item I have to give these skates back to
Franz before his hockey game give in reluctantly stop fighting or
arguing My boyfriend didn't want to go to
the ballet, but he finally gave in
give something out give to many people (usually at no
cost) They were giving out free perfume
samples at the department store give something up quit a habit I am giving up
smoking as of January
1st
24

give up stop trying My math homework was too

difficult so I gave up go after someone follow someone My brother tried to go
after the
thief in his car
go after something try to achieve something I went after my dream and now I
am
a published writer go against someone compete, oppose We are going against
the best
soccer team in the city tonight
go ahead start, proceed Please go ahead and eat before the
food gets cold go back return to a place I have to go back home and get my
lunch.
go out leave home to go on a social event We're going out for dinner tonight go
out with someone date Jesse has been going out with Luke
since they met last winter
go over something review Please go over your answers before
you submit your test go over visit someone nearby I haven't seen Tina for a long
time. I
think I'll go over for an hour or two
go without something suffer lack or deprivation When I was young, we went
without
winter boots grow apart stop being friends over time My best friend and I grew
apart
after she changed schools
grow back re grow My roses grew back this summer grow up become an adult
When Jack grows up he wants to be
a fireman
grow out of something get too big for Elizabeth needs a new pair of shoes
because she has grown out of her
old ones grow into something grow big enough to fit This bike is too big for him
now, but
he should grow into it by next year
hand something down give something used to someone else I handed my old
comic books down to
my little cousin hand something in submit I have to hand in my essay by
Friday
hand something out to distribute to a group of people We will hand out the
invitations at
the door hand something over give (usually unwillingly) The police asked the
man to hand
over his wallet and his weapons
hang in stay positive . I'm sure you'll find a
job very soon hang on wait a short time (informal) Hang on While I grab my
coat and Shoes!
25

hang out spend time relaxing (informal) Instead of going to the party we are
just going to hang out at my place hang up end a phone call He didn't say
goodbye before he
hung up
Verb Meaning Example Verb Meaning Example
hold someone/something back prevent from doing/going I had to hold my dog
back because
there was a cat in the park hold something back hide an emotion Jamie held
back his tears at his
grandfather's funeral
hold on wait a short time Please hold on while I transfer you
to the Sales Department hold onto someone/something hold firmly using your
hands or
arms
Hold onto your hat because it's very
windy outside
hold someone/something up rob A man in a black mask held the bank
up this morning keep on doing something continue doing Keep on stirring until
the liquid
comes to a boil
keep something from someone not tell We kept our relationship from our
parents for two years keep someone/something out stop from entering Try to
keep the wet dog out of the
living room
keep something up continue at the same rate If you keep those results up you
will
get into a great college let someone down fail to support or help, disappoint I
need you to be on time. Don't let
me down this time
let someone in allow to enter Can you let the cat in before you go
To school? look after someone/something take care of I have to look after my
sick
grandmother
look down on someone think less of, consider inferior Ever since we stole that
chocolate
bar your dad has looked down on me look for someone/something try to find I'm
looking for a red dress for the
wedding
look forward to something be excited about the future I'm looking forward to the
Christmas break look into something investigate We are going to look into the
price
of snowboards today
look out be careful, vigilant, and take
notice
Look out! That car's going to hit you!
26

look out for someone/something be especially vigilant for Don't forget to look
out for snakes
on the hiking trail
look something over check, examine Can you look over my essay for
Spelling mistakes? look something up search and find information in a
reference book or database We can look her phone number up on
the Internet
look up to someone have a lot of respect for My little sister has always looked
up
to me make something up invent, lie about something Josie made up a story
about
why we were late
make up forgive each other We were angry last night, but we
made up at breakfast make someone up apply cosmetics to My sisters made me
up for my
graduation party
mix something up confuse two or more things I mixed up the twins' names
again!
pass away die His uncle passed away last night
after a long illness
pass out faint It was so hot in the church that an
elderly lady passed out pass something out give the same thing to many people
The professor passed the textbooks
out before class.
pass something up decline (usually something good) I passed up the job because
I am
afraid of change. pay someone back return owed money Thanks for buying my
ticket. I'll pay
you back on Friday.
pay for something be punished for doing something
bad That bully will pay for being mean to
my little brother pick something out choose I picked out three sweaters for you
to try on
Verb Meaning Example Verb Meaning Example
point someone/something out indicate with your finger I'll point my boyfriend
out when he
runs by put something down put what you are holding on a
surface or floor
You can put the groceries down on
the kitchen counter
put someone down insult, make someone feel stupid The students put the
substitute teacher down because his pants were
too short put something off postpone We are putting off our trip until
January because of the hurricane
27

put something out extinguish The neighbors put the fire out before the firemen
arrived put something together assemble I have to put the crib together
before the baby arrives
put up with someone/something tolerate I don't think I can put up with three
small children in the car put something on put clothing/accessories on your
body Don't forget to put on your new
earrings for the party
run into someone/something meet unexpectedly I ran into an old school-friend at
the
mall run over someone/something drive a vehicle over a person or
thing I accidentally ran over your bicycle
in the driveway
run over/through something rehearse, review Let's run over/through these lines
one more time before the show. run away leave unexpectedly, escape The child
ran away from home and
has been missing for three days
run out have none left We ran out of shampoo so I had to
wash my hair with soap send something back return (usually by mail) My letter
got sent back to me
because I used the wrong stamp
set something up arrange, organize Our boss set a meeting up with the
president of the company set someone up trick, trap The police set up the car
thief by
using a hidden camera
shop around compare prices I want to shop around a little before
I decide on these boots show off act extra special for people
watching (usually boastfully) He always shows off on his
skateboard
sleep over stay somewhere for the night
(informal)
You should sleep over tonight if the
weather is too bad to drive home sort something out organize, resolve a problem
We need to sort the bills out before
the first of the month
stick to something continue doing something, limit
yourself to one particular thing You will lose weight if you stick to
the diet switch something off stop the energy flow, turn off The light's too bright.
Could you
switch it off
switch something on start the energy flow, turn on We heard the news as soon as
we
switched on the car radio take after someone resemble a family member I take
after my mother. We are
both impatient
take something apart purposely break into pieces He took the car breaks apart
28

and
found the problem take something back return an item I have to take our new
TV back
because it doesn't work
take off start to fly My plane takes off in five minutes take something off
remove something (usually
clothing) Take off your socks and shoes and
Come in the lake!
take something out remove from a place or thing Can you take the garbage out
to the
Street for me? take someone out pay for someone to go somewhere
with you My grandparents took us out for
dinner and a movie
tear something up rip into pieces I tore up my ex-boyfriend's letter sand gave
them back to him think back remember (often + to, sometimes+ on) When I
think back on my youth, Iwish I had studied harder
Verb Meaning Example Verb Meaning Example
think something over consider I'll have to think this job offer over
before I make my final decision throw something away dispose of We threw our
old furniture away
when we won the lottery
turn something down decrease the volume or strength
(heat, light etc) Please turn the TV down while the
guests are here turn something down refuse I turned the job down because I
don't want to move
turn something off stop the energy flow, switch off Your mother wants you to
turn the
TV off and come for dinner turn something on start the energy, switch on It's too
dark in here. Let's turn
some lights on
turn something up increase the volume or strength
(heat, light etc Can you turn the music up? This is
my favorite song turn up appear suddenly Our cat turned up after we put
posters up all over the
Neighborhood.
try something on sample clothing I'm going to try these jeans on, but
I don't think they will fit try something out test I am going to try this new brand
of
detergent out
use something up finish the supply The kids used all of the toothpaste
up so we need to buy some more wake up stop sleeping We have to wake up
early for work
on Monday
warm someone/something up increase the temperature You can warm your feet
up in front
29

of the fireplace warm up prepare body for exercise I always warm up by doing
sit-ups
before I go for a run
wear off fade away Most of my make-up wore off
before I got to the party work out exercise I work out at the gym three times a
week
work out be successful Our plan worked out fine

30