Documenti di Didattica
Documenti di Professioni
Documenti di Cultura
Issue 2 2013
Fluid
property
interfaces
in HTRI
Xchanger
Suite
Properties,
properties,
and more
properties
TheExchanger
Issue 2 2013
Upcoming Events
Research Update: Applications of
Crossflow Boiling Model to Low-finned
Tube Bundles
Webinar | August 22, 2013
TechTip: Modeling and Designing
Non-round Bundles for Kettle Reboilers
Webinar | September 10, 2013
TechTip: Tube Layout Design
and Customization
Webinar | September 17, 2013
2013 Global Conference &
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The Ritz-Carlton Denver, CO, USA
September 23 27, 2013
HTRI Training China
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October 22 25, 2013
HTRI Training Southeast Asia
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October 29 November 01, 2013
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The articles and opinions in this newsletter are for
general information only and are not intended to
provide specific advice.
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In this Issue...
Facing the future
Message from the President & CEO
10
Recently published
11
11
12
+1.979.690.5050 office
+1.979.690.3250 fax
Matthew R. Lane
Engineer, Research
rotational flow
(vs. intube or annular flow)
a smaller volume capacity
(2.8 liters vs. 30.3 liters)
a shorter testing period
(hours vs. weeks)
a quicker turnaround time
Magnetic drive
Nitrogen
sparging
Stirrer
Pressurized
vessel
Band
heater
Hollow
cylinder
Heated
probe
Cooling coils
Bubbly
flow
Plug
flow
Slug
flow
Wavy
flow
Intermittent dry-wall
W
Kevin J. Farrell
Director,
Advanced
Technology
Initiatives,
Computational
Simulation
& Optical
Anemometry
Annular
flow
Figure 1. Computing
complete phase change
requires modeling many,
smoothly transitioning
flow regimes
Dry-wall
All mixed up
by roughness?
W. J. Wiscombe records an apocryphal
story about Werner Heisenberg, the
German theoretical physicist:
Heisenberg was asked what
he would ask God, given the
opportunity. His reply: When I meet
God, I am going to ask him two
questions: Why relativity? And why
turbulence? I really believe he will
have an answer for the first. [1]
Whether Heisenberg received his
answers is not known. Even today a
complete understanding of turbulence
remains elusive to researchers. Because
turbulence affects nearly every major
facet of fluid mechanics, as well as
mass and heat transfer, the difficulties
associated with engineering tasks
involving any or all of these fields
become apparent.
A boundary layer is formed when flow
encounters a surface. Vortices or eddies
generated in this region by fluid-structure
interaction dictate momentum and heat
transport. The presence of roughness
on the surface significantly impacts the
nature of vortices and their interaction.
The exact nature of the roughness plays
a role in determining the surface drag
and thermal diffusion rates. In general,
we know that roughness on a surface
triggers the onset of turbulence and
enhances mixing. Mixing can refer to
any scalar, such as mass or heat. Thus,
enhancement of mixing has significant
implications for both heat transfer
and exchanger fouling. The effect of
roughness on drag is more ambiguous.
Most rough surfaces increase drag;
however, certain surface features can
actually reduce drag. For example, Dean
Siddharth Talapatra
Engineer, Research
Such a model enables us to understand
the effects of varying the roughness
characteristics. For instance, increasing
the span-wise spacing of roughness
elements would reduce the probability
of two neighboring vortices interacting,
thereby reducing vertical mixing.
Furthermore, we can speculate that a
surface with periodically located and
similarly sized roughness elements
would result in more intense ejections
as opposed to a surface with randomly
distributed roughness.
Models such as the one shown in
Figure 1 can help HTRI understand
the implications of different rough
surface geometries in the context of
heat transfer enhancement and fouling
mitigation. Furthermore, if more research
is directed to surface roughness effects
of a particular heat exchanger, efforts
such as the one mentioned here can tell
us what to do and what to expect.
And while we still wont know if
Heisenbergs questions have been
answered, the practical engineer might
sleep a little easier.
Figure 1. Model proposed [3] to explain intermittent, abrupt ejection events. The pyramids induce non-uniform velocity close
to the surface that helps generate U-shaped vortices. Sometimes, two such vortices are generated simultaneously above
neighboring pyramids. At such times, the counter-rotating legs of these vortices interact and lift each other away from the
surface, resulting in an ejection flow.
Works Cited
[1] W. J. Wiscombe, Scales, tools, and reminiscences, 3D Radiative Transfer in Cloudy Atmospheres, eds. A. Marshak and A. B. Davis, 76, Springer, Berlin (2005). [2] B. Dean and B. Bhushan,
Shark-skin surfaces for fluid-drag reduction in turbulent flow: A review, Phil. Trans. Royal Soc. A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 368 (1929), 4775 4806 (2010).
[3] S. Talapatra and J. Katz, Coherent structures in the inner part of a rough-wall channel flow resolved using holographic PIV, J. Fluid Mech. 711, 161 170 (2012).
Properties, properties,
and more properties:
Fluid property interfaces
in HTRI Xchanger Suite
Joseph W. Holmes
Principal Engineer,
Research & Software
Integration
Package
Vendor
Aspen HYSYS
Petro-SIM
PPDS
NEL, TV SD Ltd.
PRO/II
ProMax
REFPROP
UniSim Design
VMGThermo
Specifying
fluid physical
properties
is easier
than ever!
It looks a bit daunting, doesnt it? Fortunately, when you use one of the property
interfaces, you wont need to fill it in manually. In this example, Ill use UniSim Design
to show how easily you can generate fluid physical properties.
1. Click the Property Generator button.
2. Using the first tab in the Property Generator dialog, select the property package
and property model you want to use.
For this example, I selected UniSim Design and the Peng-Robinson model.
3. Click the Composition tab, and specify your fluid composition using the entire
component databank available in the selected property package. When you select
a process simulator like UniSim Design, you can also directly import compositions
from that programs case file.
As shown in Figure 2, I have specified a simple mixture of light hydrocarbons;
however, you can make the fluid components as complex as you want.
4. On the Conditions tab, specify the range of temperatures and pressures over
which you need fluid properties. As shown in Figure 3, I selected the default
option, which lets me specify the range of pressures and temperatures along
with the number of pressure curves and temperature points on each curve.
5. When youre satisfied with your selections, click the Generate Properties
button at the bottom of the Conditions tab.
6. Review the results, displayed automatically on the Results tab (Figure 4). If you
approve the results, click the Transfer button to copy the results back to the
Property Worksheet grid.
When you next view the Property Worksheet, youll see a fully populated property grid
(Figure 5), all without requiring you to enter a single value!
Harris
receives
hts
award
In May 2013,
Peter Joosten
joined HTRI
to support
our efforts in
engineering
services and to
provide a local
sales presence
in Australia/Oceania. Joostens primary
responsibilities include training, technical
support, and sales. He has a Bachelors
degree in mechanical engineering from
Fontys University of Applied Science,
Venlo, The Netherlands, and joined
HTRI after more than 10 years with
W. E. Smith Engineering Pty Ltd, based
in Coffs Harbour, Australia. Joosten
brings extensive experience in thermal
design and analysis of all types of
shell-and-tube heat exchangers, air
coolers, economizers, feedwater
heaters, and steam surface condensers.
WORD FIND
10
BG1 11
HORIZONTAL
SINGLE PHASE
BT 30
S ST 1 12
BT 31
S ST 1 13
BT 36
LAMINAR
STRATIFICATION
BT 37
MATERIALS DATABANK
SUPERHEAT
BX 11
MIST FLOW
TUBE LAYOUT
CS 15
ONB
TUBESIDE
CT 24
PASS ARRANGEMENT
DEFAULT COLORS
PLATE FIN
DOWNFLOW
RICHARDSON NUMBER
WETWALL
DRYOUT
SERVICE TYPES
GRASHOF NUMBER
SHELLSIDE REFLUX
Recently published
BG1-13: Estimating the true critical pressure of
hydrocarbon mixtures
BX-14:
CT-31:
CT-32:
Pressure drop in inclined intube downflow
condensation
CT-33:
F-22:
TPF-8:
TPF-9:
Promotions
Jack A. Schneider, Vice President, Software Development
David B. Gibbons,Technical Lead, Process Simulation & Engineering Product Interfaces;
Technical Liaison, Honeywell Alliance
Matthew R. Lane, Engineer, Research
C. Eddie Sherman, Coordinator, Enterprise Data & Web Services
STAFFING
CHANGES
Position updates
Fernando J. Aguirre, Vice President, Global Sales
Kevin J. Farrell, Director, Advanced Technology Initiatives,
Computational Simulation & Optical Anemometry
Joseph W. Holmes, Principal Engineer, Research & Software Integration
New hires
Douglas E. Becker, Manager, Contract Administration
Laura A. Brank, Test Engineer
Mark R. Cline, Manager, Financial Operations & Reporting
Petrus (Peter) H. F. Joosten, Senior Consulting Engineering &
Regional Sales Manager, Australia/Oceania
Arona T. Kasprowicz, Accounting Associate
Niki W. Ritchey, Engineer, Research Intern
Richard L. Schmidt, Applications Developer
11
New Members
November 2012
April 2013
New Participating
Affiliates
November 2012
April 2013
Prosernat
La Defense, France
SNC-Lavalin UK Limited
(Moscow Branch)
Moscow, Russia
Firstfin Corporation
Taipei, Taiwan
Taco, Inc.
Fall River, Massachusetts, USA
12
JOIN
US!
Current
Software
RCSWin
01.01.2013
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TheExchanger
Issue 2 2013