Bearing and Bushes

The main function of bearings and bushes is to reduce friction and wear.
Bushes
I.

There are two types of bushes

Solid bush
Split bush

Bushes are made from the following material

Steel alloys
Brass
Brass alloys
Phosphor bronze

These materials are softer and wear much quicker than the shaft or journal, the
material is chosen according to the application of the bush

Bearings
There are two types of bearings
Frictional (plain bearing)
This bearing has two smooth surfaces separated by thin layer of oil, which slide
over one another.
Antifriction bearing (ball or roller bearing)
The bearing has two bearing surfaces (inner and outer race) with balls or rollers
held together by a cage in the middle. This bearing requires less lubrication.
(Main crankshaft bearings)
Types of bearings
1) Deep groove ball bearing:
The bearing has deep grooves in the inner and outer race. They can
handle both thrust and radial loads. The bearing does not self-align so the
housing and shaft must be accurately aligned. (Used in alternators)
2) Self-aligning ball bearing:
The bearing has a double row of rollers and the outer race has a spherical
track which allows the inner race more freedom. It is self-aligning so missalignment of the housing and shaft is allowed. It can handle thrust loads
(shafts with drive pulleys)
3) Thrust ball bearings:
The bearing has two rings with a row of balls in between. One ring has a
tight fit on the housing with a clearance on the shaft. The other ring has a

tight fit on the shaft and a clearance with the housing. They can only
handle thrust loads in one direction. (Clutch release bearing).
4) Angular contact ball bearing:
The bearing has high shoulders on each race opposite sides of each other
in order to hold the bearings. It can handle radial loads and thrust loads in
one direction only; they are often used in pairs. (Wheel bearings)
Types of roller bearings
1) Cylindrical roller bearings:
The inner or outer lip has a lip to hold the rollers in position, the roller are
hollow and cylindrical. They are designs for large radial loads and are suitable
for high speeds (transmission).
2) Taper roller bearing:
The bearing is separable, the outer race is called the cup and the inner race is
called the cone. The rollers are fixed to the cone removing them will result in
damage. They are designed to handle thrust loads in one direction only so
they are often used in pairs (wheel bearings)
3) Spherical rollers bearing:
The bearing is made with a spherical outer race, barrel shaped rollers and a
tapered inner race. They are designed to handle large radial and thrust loads.
They can maintain this alignment with slightly misaligned shafts. (Adapter
sleeves or mounted on tapered stub shafts)