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LANGUAGE STUDY
TOPIC 1
LANGUAGE STUDY: PART OF SPEECH
1.1 Nouns
Exercise 1
You will find ten different sentences below. Please indicate if the underlined noun is a
common, material, proper, collective or abstract noun in the space provided.
1. We must use flour to bake cakes.
Material
2. There are not enough chairs for the parents to sit on.
Common noun
Abstract noun
Proper noun
Proper noun
Collective noun
Material
Common noun
Collective noun
Abstract noun
1.2 Pronouns
Exercise 1
Fill in the blanks with pronouns. Make sure that the pronoun agrees with the noun
which is being referred to.
1. My friends are leaving for Penang tomorrow. They will be away for a week.
2. Ramlah has a Parsian at. It has blue eyes.
3. I informed that lady that she should fill in the forms first.
1.3 Verbs
Exercises 1
In the following sentences, underline the verbs.
1. The baby smiled at me.
2. I slept for eight hours last night.
3. I go to school every day.
4. Susan wrote me a letter.
5. Encik Tan walks to his office every morning.
Exercise 2
Look at the story of Abu below. Pick out the verbs in the story.
Abu was a nosy boy. One day he saw a large house in a dark forest. It was a
dilapidated house and Abu decided to enter it. He didn't even bother to knock but
walked in boldly. There was a wooden table with three plates of noodles. He tasted
the delicious noodles in all three plates and finished the smallest plate. Then he
decided to take a nap, and broke the small bed. Don't you think the rude Abu should
have been charged in court with trespassing and theft?
1.4 Adverbs
Exercise 1
All the words in the box are adverbs. Choose one word to fill each blank.
early
quickly
better
well
fast
noisily
slowly
easily
quietly
soundly
softly
1.5 Adjectives
Exercise 1
Fill in the blanks with a suitable adjective from the list above. You may use each word
only once.
smelly
bald
lower
tired
mature
hoarse
violent
better
neglected
bad
1.6 Prepositions
Exercise 1
Fill in the blanks with at, in, by, for, along, to, into, about, from, up of on.
1. We bought this car in August.
2. We looked everywhere for the pen which Ahmad lost.
3. Nani usually sits at this desk.
4. The man walked quickly into the room and sat down.
5. We read about the accident in the newspaper this morning.
6. I must write a letter to my aunt.
7. The boat moved slowly along the coast.
8. Please pick up those papers which are on the floor.
9. The hotel is by the sea.
10. We live a long way from the airport.
1.7 Conjunctions
Exercise 1
Fill in the blanks with a suitable conjunction. Sometimes, more than one conjunction
can be used.
1. My feet were cold and wet.
2. I was hungry, so I ate an apple.
3. Was the test hard or easy?
4. The telephone rang, but I didn't answer it.
5. You could either turn right or go straight.
TOPIC 2
LANGUAGE STUDY: TENSES
Exercise 1
Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the present tense for the verb in
parentheses.
1. She reads (read) the newspaper every day.
2. We come to school by bus.
3. I always walk to school.
4. Helen works very hard.
5. The cat chases the mouse all around the house.
6. He speaks several foreign languages.
Exercise 2
Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the past continuous tense for the verb in
parentheses.
1. They were eating (eat) in the restaurant on the corner when I saw them.
2. It was raining when I left the house.
3. When you telephoned, we were having dinner.
4. I got sick while we were driving to my grandmother's.
5. He was working in California when his father died.
6. The baby was sleeping soundly when I ment to wake him.
Exercise 3
Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the future continuous tense for the verb in
parentheses.
1. If you come at noon, we will be eating (eat) lunch.
2. At this time next year, we will be traveling in the South America.
3. At ten o'clock tomorrow morning, I will be having my music lesson.
4. It probably will be raining when you get back.
5. If you come before six, I will be working in my garden.
6. Don't call her now. She will be taking her usual afternoon nap.
Exercise 1
Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the present perfect tense for the verb in
parentheses.
1. I have spoken (speak) to him about it several times.
2. We have finished all our homework.
3. He has visited us many times.
4. She has returned my book at last.
5. I am afraid that I have loast my keys.
6. We have learnt many new words in this course.
Exercise 1
Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the past perfect tense for the verb in
parentheses.
1. Fernando told us that he had looked (look) everywhere for the book.
2. Kala had left by the time we arrived.
3. The police reported that they finally had captured the thief.
4. I saw that we had taken the wrong road.
5. He knew he had made a serious mistake.
6. I felt that I had met the man somewhere before.
Exercise 1
Change the present perfect tense verbs to the past and future continiuous tenses.
1. He has worked in that firm for many years.
a. He had been working in that firm for many years.
b. He will have been working in that firm for many years.
TOPIC 3
LANGUAGE STUDY: SENTENCES TYPES
Exercise 2
Write five compound sentences in the spaces provided.
1. I feel so tired, so I'm going to sleep.
2. The house is so beautiful and I like it.
3. The sale is very interesting, so we bought a lot of items.
4. Faizal is so clever and he got the first part in his class.
5. I know you are nice, however I don't like you.
Exercise 3
Write five complex sentences in the spaces provided.
1. When he finally stopped to catch his breath, he found himself in a huge, cold and
dark building.
2. I want all of you to pack your bags tonight because we will be leaving at 0700
hours sharp.
3. If he had not stopped the water flowing through, the dyke would have cracked.
4. Only female mosquitoes bite humans because they need a certain chemical in our
body to produce eggs.
5. If you are late by half an hour or more, you will not be allowed to sit the exam.
Exercise 4
Look at these sentences. Identify whether they are simple, compound or complex
sentences.
1. He spoke to the teacher yesterday, and he accepted her explanation.
(Compound)
2. My car is in a terrible condition because I have to travel into the work site
every day. (Complex)
3. Until now, the authorities have not looked into this problem. (Complex)
4. I don't know the price of these books, as I haven't bought them myself.
(Compound)
5. We saw that the dog had already left. (Simple)
6. I knew that I had met her somewhere before. (Simple)
7.
TOPIC 4
LANGUAGE STUDY: TYPES OF QUESTIONS
Exercise 1
Make information questions. Use all the WH questions (where, why, when, what,
how)
UNIT 2
WRITING
TOPIC 1
LEARNING TO WRITE
Activity 1
Read the passage "Viagra for the mind" given above. Make a list
of points in a note form in the space provided below.
Answer
1. A new drug is Viagra for the mind can give memory powers of a 20-year-old
to absent minded middle-aged people.
2. Viagra could help middle-aged-people do better at work.
3. Viagra for the mind could prove as popular as Viagra among those in their
40s, 50s and older whose memory is deteriorating.
4. People who like a drug could do something that with drug can growing belief
that memory loss is a treatable condition.
Activity 2
Write a summary of the effectiveness of HT-0712. Your answer must
not be more than 1/3 of the passage.
2.5 Summary
The Drover's Wife
Orientation/telling The two-roomed house is built of round timber, slabs and
Who, where 1 stringy bark, and floored with split slabs. Bush all round-bush
with no horizon, for the country is flat. The drover an exsquatter is away with sheep. His wife and children are left here
alone.
Complication 2 Four-ragged, dried-up looking children are playing sbout the
house. Suddenly one of them yells 'Snake! Mother, here's a
Sequence of snake!'.
events 3 It is near sunset, and she knows the snake is there. She makes
4 up beds for the children and sits down beside them to keep
5 watch all night.
6 She has an eye on the corner and a green sapling club ready
by her side. Alligator, the dog, lies nearby.
It must be one or two o'clock in the morning. The bush woman
watches and listens, thinking about her life alone whilst her
husband is gone.
Resolution 7 It must be daylight now. The hairs on alligator's neck begin to
bristle. Between a crack in the slabs an evil pair of small, beadlike eyes glisten. The snake-a black one-comes slowly out.
8 Alligator springs. He has the snake now. Thud, thud, its head is
Coda - 9 crushed.
She lifts the mangled reptile and throws it on the fire. The eldest
boy watches it burn then looks at his mother, seeing tears in her
eyes.
He throws his arms around her and exclaims. 'Mother, I won't
never go droving; blast me if I do!'
(adapted from a short story by Henry Lawson)
Task 1
Based on the model of a narrative 'The Drover's Wife' write a short story with
the help of the framework given.
Title
Orientation
Who? When? Where? Many mines are found on the ground. Others are within the
What? Why?
earth itself. Some of the things people mine for are gold,
Complication:
What
began
event?
Malaysia.
How
did
the
characters
get
involved?
Events
How
the
react
complication.
surprised that her student knew about a mine that had been
Resolution
How
solve
the
the
from complication.
Coda
mine."
Two days later, Kumar came prepared. When Mrs Lee
1.3.2 Description
Below is a short descriptive text. Read the text carefully and then do answer the
question.
Qualities of a good teacher
Teacher's styles of a teaching are greatly influenced by their own individual
learning styles. There is always the temptation to do in class those sorts of activities
which a personally enjoys. The analytical teacher is naturally more interested in
structure: formal correctness, getting at rules by deduction or discovery and in
organized class procedures. The concrete teacher is more sensitive to social
interaction and tends to favour activities in which learners are given plenty of
exposure to role play group projects, practice and discussion.
A good teacher builds student's self-esteem by using praise generously and
avoiding ridicule and negative public criticism and gets to know each student's
needs, interests and special talents, as well as the way each child learn best. He or
she communicates often and openly with parents, contacting them early on about
academic or behavioural problems and being candid rather than defensive when
discussing these problems. A good teacher also regularly assigns homework that
helps children learn, and advises parents how they can work with their children on
this homework. He or she would set high academic standards, expecting all students
to learn and helping them to do so.
Children learn best when taught by warm, friendly, caring and enthusiastic
teachers. All children should be treated fairly, while a positive discipline code based
on clear and fair rules is enforced. There should be reinforcement of positive
behaviour rather than punishment for negative behaviour.
Learning can be fun if teaching methods are interesting and varied. Finally,
good teacher would reach out to involve parents in their children's eduation, showing
them how they can help their children at home.
Task 1
1.4 Reflections
a. Are there any other qualities that you think would make a good teacher?
Write them down in the spaces provided.
1. Teacher must have a knowledge and experience in teaching from a good
training.
2. Teacher must have self confident, patient, sincere, concern and hardworking
in career as a teacher.
3. Teacher must know how to use a psychology skill for the students who have a
problem.
4. Learn and know how to appreciate students and their work.
5. Teacher must always look for the future and try to improve work to be the best
all the time.
b. Now try to list down the qualities that you have as a teacher.
1. I have knowledge.
2. I so interested in career as a teacher.
3. I have an ambition to more successful.
4. I have good personality and skill for teaching.
5. I learn and attempt with hardworking to be the best teacher.
c. Now write two short paragraphs of the qualities that you posses as a good
teacher.
Remember to use all the conventions and rules learned in this unit.
Good teacher is a good person and leader. As a teacher, they must have an
experience, knowledge and hardworking to make a students interested in learning
and success in study.
Teacher also must have a skill, smart and good looking to have a student
respect and love their teacher. Teacher must have a high education and always
attempt to add knowledge. Teacher can further their study and attend the conference
or seminar to be an excellent teacher. It could be motivation for students to be as a
their respect teacher.
UNIT 3
TOPIC 1
DEVELOPING LISTENING SKILLS
Topic
factors that you feel make your speech hard to listen to. Then make a list of
suggestions on how you can improve your speaking skills.
Factors speech hard to listen:
1. Interesting topic.
2. Good vocabulary.
3. Have a new word.
4. Good pronouns.
5. Have a good idea.
6. Connection with audients.
The way to improve the speaking skills:
1. More practice and hardworking to excellent in English speaking.
2. Read more items in English examples book, newspapers, magazine and so
on.
3. Joint class English speaking.
4. Try to speak in English not broken English.
5. Have more vocabulary and find new words always.
3. Listen to a radio or watch a television prime time news. Jot down the main
idea (main news) of that particular news. List down the sub-topics or details of
the news. You will have to present it in class later.
News
: News 6 O'clock
Channel
: TV2
Topic
: Dengue
Date
Main idea
As a mosquito bite humans, it injects us with its saliva and this causes us to
itch.
The dangerous thing is that when a mosquito bites someone who was
malaria or dengue, it carries the germs in its saliva, and these are
transferred to the next person it bites.