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The
ecosystem is severely altered with the increase in the population and depletion of the natural
resources. The quality of environment is significantly altered due to loss of bio diversity, de
forestation activities, extinction of wild life and alarming rates of pollution of air, water and
soil. The frequency and intensity of Natural catastrophic disasters is also increasing resulting
in loss of lives and property. Human beings are exploiting the planet earth to satisfy their
greed and comforts of life without thinking about the future consequences. Hence, the need
for environmental education and awareness becomes paramount as an essential measure to
curtail the situation to a greater extent. The objective of environmental education includes
awareness, knowledge, attitudes, skills and participation of people in protecting the
environment (Kang and Chawla, 2011; Soundararajan, 2013; Kant and Sharma, 2013)
In 1978, the UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural
Organisation) Tbilisi Declaration mentioned the need of widespread use of environmental
education (EE) . During the Tbilisi Convention, environmental education was defined as: a
process of developing a world population that is aware of and concerned about the total
environment and its associated problems, and which has the knowledge, skills, attitudes,
motivation and commitment to work individually and collectively towards solutions of
current problems and the prevention of new ones.
Environmental education and awareness become very crucial in the context of
escalating environmental problems that need immediate attention of all people in the society.
There is a need to educate the public on environmental issues and promote action in order to
minimise the damage of the environment.
1
Environmental
education
is
concerned
with
improving
education
aims
at
producing
informed
and
awareness
and
participation
of
Osmania
University
I.
Objectives
The specific objectives of the study are to2.
3.
4.
5.
III.
Review of Literature
Shazli Hasan Khan (2013) conducted a study on the environmental awareness among
secondary school students of Aligarh city, Uttar Pradesh. Study finds that there is no
significant level of awareness among senior secondary school students, but they could be
made aware if proper guidance and counselling is given to them about environment and
environment related awareness programmes.
Arunkumar J (2012) in the paper published in International Journal of Research in
Social Science, made an assessment of Environmental awareness among Teacher Trainees in
Tiruchirapalli district, Tamilnadu. The study carried out on 300 teachers reveals that the
teacher trainees have average environmental awareness.
among
the
students,
but
low
level
participation
in
students`
active
participation
in
environmental
protection
and
improvement activities.
Vani Sarraju Rao (2011) submitted her Masters theses presented to San Jose
University on the topic Public Awareness about Global Warming in Hyderabad, India. Data
was collected from 850 respondents belonging to different occupations including students,
Government, Corporate Sector, Academia, NGOs, Media and Home makers. The analysis of
data using paired T-tests indicated differences in levels of awareness about global warming,
across age and education. Respondents associated global warming with the issue of air
pollution. They showed a tendency to advocate action by society and government rather than
by individual initiatives to address the problem.
Harju-Autti, P (2013) carried out his study on Measuring Environmental Awareness
in Nine States of India. The results showed that the best perceived state of the environment
was found in the Far Eastern states, the Northern states and Kerala. The best levels of
environmental awareness were found in Maharashtra, Far East states and West Bengal. Most
room for development for both the states of the environment and for the environmental
awareness was found in Uttar Pradesh, Chattisgarh and Jharkhand.
IV.
concern,
knowledge,
motivation
and
participation
in
Part-II
includes
questions
to
assess
the
extent
of
V.
6.1.
ANALYSIS
Demographic Data about the Respondents
Table No.1 - Demographic Data of the respondents
Gender
Male
Female
Total
Level of Education
UG
PG
Total
Frequency
48
40
Percent
54.5
45.5
88
100.0
40
48
45.5
54.5
150
100
50
0
Female
Gender
Male
150
100
PG
50
88
100.0
UG
0
1
Age Group
18-22 Years
23-27 Years
48
34
54.5
38.6
28-32 Years
6.8
Total
60
40
20
88
100.0
0
18-22
Faculty
Social Science
Sciences
Sa
l e
s
Arts
22
36
6
25.0
40.9
6.8
23-27
28-32
Commerce
18
20.5
education
6.8
88
100.0
Total
1.
2.
3.
4.
6.2.
Social
Science
Sciences
Arts
Commerc
e
How many kinds of birds do you see in your neighbourhood (Other than Pigeons)
Which is the biggest dumping yard of municipal solid waste in Hyderabad
Which organization is responsible for the prevention and control of environmental pollution
Which organization is presently doing the job of garbage collection in your city?
Rate your level of environmental awareness
Rate your awareness about Global Warming
Most important reason for environmental pollution
Results
Table No.2: No. of Birds seen in the neighbourhood
Table
No. of Birds
2-4
5-7
Frequency
28
16
Percent
31.8
18.2
Valid Percent
31.8
18.2
Cumulative
Percent
31.8
50.0
59.1
8-10
9.1
9.1
>10
32
36.4
36.4
95.5
4.5
4.5
100.0
88
100.0
100.0
Do not know
Total
Frequency
Percent
No.3:
1
2
Secunderabad
Dilshuknagar
50
10
56.8
11.4
Jawaharnagar
2.3
40
do not know
26
29.5
20
88
100.0
Total
60
Frequen
cy
Frequen
cy
Respondents are asked about the biggest dump yard in twin cities. Surprisingly, 56.8%
respondents felt that the biggest dump yard is located in Secunderabad, while it is a well known fact
that the Jawaharnagar dump yard is the biggest. In spite of the fact that media is reporting the severity
of the problems faced by people around jawaharnagar dump yard, only 2.3% respondents could
answer this question correctly. Considerable respondents (29.5%) reported their lack of awareness on
this aspect.
Table No.4: Respondents awareness about Organizations responsible for Prevention and Control of
Environmental Pollution
Orgn. Responsible for
prevention and control of
Pollution
PCB
Municipal Corporation
Frequency
26
40
Percent
29.5
45.5
2.3
RTC
Do not know
20
22.7
Total
88
100.0
Frequency
PCB
Municipal
Corporation
RTC
Do not know
Frequency
10
75
Percent
11.4
85.2
RTC
1.1
Do not know
2.3
88
100.0
Total
From Table No.5, it is clear that majority of the respondents (85.2%) answered this question
correctly. However it is a matter of concern that the remaining 14.8% are not aware of the important
aspect of the environment.
Table No.6: Level of Environmental Awareness among Respondents
Environmental
Awareness
Good
Average
Poor
Total
Frequency
28
48
12
88
Percent
31.8
54.5
13.6
100.0
Male
15
Female
10
5
0
The respondents are asked to rate their level of awareness. Only 31.8% of them said that their
awareness level is Good. Majority respondents (54.4%) rated their awareness at Average level and
considerable respondents (13.6%) said that their awareness level is poor. Comparison of
Environmental awareness among men and women reveals that women rated their awareness as
8
Good compared to men. More number of women rated their awareness as Poor compared to their
male counterparts.
Figure No. :Environmental awareness among different faculties.
30
25
Environmental
Awareness Good
20
15
Environmental
Awareness
Average
Environmental
Awareness Poor
10
5
0
From the figure it is evident that environmental awareness is slightly higher in Science
students followed by students of social sciences. Commerce students rated their awareness as Poor
while faculty of arts rated their awareness as Average
Table No.7: Level of awareness about Global Warming among Respondents
Awareness on
Global Warming
a Lot
Moderate
Little
Nothing
Total
Cumulative
Percent
40.9
65.9
Frequency
36
22
Percent
40.9
25.0
Valid Percent
40.9
25.0
22
25.0
25.0
90.9
9.1
9.1
100.0
88
100.0
100.0
Respondents awareness about Global Warming indicates that 40.9% of them know a lot
about it while 25% rated their awareness as Moderate and the other 25% respondents rated their
awareness as Little. However, considerable 9.1% said that their awareness about global warming is
NIL.
Table No.8: Reasons for environmental pollution
Reasons for Env. Pollution
Valid
Population
Lack of civic sense
lack of proper facilities
Frequency
16
2
Percent
18.2
2.3
9.1
62
70.5
Total
88
100.0
Majority of the respondents (70.5%) felt that Population increase; lack of civic sense and lack
of proper facilities for prevention of pollution are responsible for environmental pollution. However,
18.2% respondents chose population increase, 9.1% felt lack of facilities as the reasons contributing
to environmental pollution.
6.3.
Frequency
6
16
Percent
6.8
18.2
Valid Percent
6.8
18.2
Cumulative
Percent
6.8
25.0
Bus/Train
58
65.9
65.9
90.9
Auto
9.1
9.1
100
Total
88
100.0
100.0
10
Frequency
62
16
Percent
70.5
18.2
Water Quality
4.5
Loss of Greenery
6.8
Total
88
100.0
Frequency
62
20
Percent
70.5
22.7
Strongly disagree
4.5
Do not know
2.3
44
100.0
Total
11
Frequency
26
34
Percent
29.6
38.6
27
30.7
1.1
88
100.0
Frequency
Percent
40
45.5
28
31.8
18
20.5
2.3
86
97.7
44
100.0
influences
some
of
their
daily
activities.
Only
20%
Frequency
44
24
Percent
50.0
27.3
Disagree
12
13.6
Strongly disagree
6.8
Do not know
2.3
88
100.0
Total
Frequency
66
8
Percent
75.0
6.8
5fth December
9.1
Do not know
Total
9.1
88
100.0
13
Frequency
24
Percent
27.3
26
29.5
Used in agriculture
6.8
Do not know
32
36.4
Total
88
100.0
Majority of the respondents do not know that Green House Gases are the
heat trapping atmospheric gases. Only 29.5% of the respondents
answered the question correctly and hence it can be said that the
respondents knowledge on this aspect is less.
Table No.17: Respondents knowledge about best source of Energy
Best Energy Source
Valid
Nuclear Energy
Solar Energy
Frequency
6
68
Thermal Energy
Percent
9.1
77.3
Valid Percent
9.1
77.3
Cumulative
Percent
9.1
86.4
2.3
2.3
88.6
do not know
10
11.4
11.4
100.0
Total
88
100.0
100.0
Frequency
6
24
Percent
6.8
27.3
38
43.2
Do not know
20
22.7
Total
88
100.0
14
Table No.19:
Frequency
52
8
Percent
59.1
9.1
Volcanic eruption
14
15.9
Do not know
14
15.9
Total
88
100.0
Nearly 60% respondents chose the right answer. The other 40% are
ignorant and do not have knowledge of the incident.
6.5.
Valid
Government
NGOs
Frequency
5
6
Percent
11.4
13.6
People/society
26
59.1
Industries
9.1
United Nations
4.5
43
97.7
Total
Missing
System
Total
2.3
44
100.0
Nearly 60% respondents felt that people and society at large should
take up the responsibility of protecting the environment. Out of the
remaining 40% respondents, 13.6% said NGOs, 11.4% said Government
should shoulder this responsibility. However, 4.5 % respondents said that
environment protection is the responsibility of the United Nations.
15
Frequency
Percent
Valid
Yes
No
23
21
52.3
47.7
Total
44
100.0
Frequency
32
32
Percent
36.4
36.4
High
24
27.2
Total
88
100
Good
Average
10
12
Poor
Total
Medium
12
20
Total
Low
High
6
16
28
48
10
12
24
32
32
88
knowledge
and
participation
level
reveals
that,
respondents with low level awareness and low level participation are 10.
Similarly, those with low level awareness and participate moderately in
environmental activities are 0. And those with low level environmental
16
6.6.
Cumulative
Percent
25.0
75.0
Frequency
11
22
Percent
25.0
50.0
Valid Percent
25.0
50.0
Others
13.6
13.6
88.6
both 1 and 2
11.4
11.4
100.0
44
100.0
100.0
Newspaper
TV and Radio
Total
From the above table, it is evident that majority of the respondents (50%) rated TV
and Radio as the important source of environment information. One fourths of the
respondents (25%) rated Newspapers as the important source. Some (11.4%) respondents said
that both Newspapers and TV/Radio are used to get information about the environment. Only
13.6% use other sources like Internet, Library to seek information.
17
6.7.
Respondents suggestions
The questionnaire included two open ended questions to record their
suggestions to improve the environment and steps to be taken by the
Government towards protection of the environment.
For the first question on the role of the People for environmental
protection, the following suggestions were recorded.
No. of Respondents
1. People should stop using plastic bags
16
2. Chemicals from Industries should not be dumped in Hussain Sagar
8
3. Use less smoke emitting vehicles
22
4. Use public transport
10
5. Plant more trees
38
6. Form citizen groups and conduct mass awareness programmes
8
7. Throw waste only in the Garbage
6
8. Voluntary participation of Youth in environmental activities
2
9. Use media to spread awareness about environment
8
10.
Population Control
2
11.
Use solar energy
4
12.
Control Noise pollution
2
For the question on the steps to be taken by the Government for
environmental protection, following suggestions are received:
No. of Respondents
1. Ban on Cigarettes
8
2. Afforestation / Increase forest cover
18
3. Plant more trees on the road sides
4
4. Effects of pollution in Media
2
5. Appoint volunteers to spread awareness
14
6. Strict administrative action
8
7. Impose punishment to those who cause threat to environment
2
8. Introduce environmental education from school level
10
18
VI.
Findings
1. Awareness
Only 2.3% respondents knew that the biggest dump yard is at jawaharnagar.
Only 29.5% respondents Pollution control Board as the control and regulatory
authority for Pollution control
Most of the respondents (85.2%) knew that MCH is doing the garbage
collection
Only 31.8% rated themselves as having high level of environmental awareness
Forty percent respondents rated themselves as having good knowledge on
Global Warming
From the analysis, for majority of the questions, the correct response was less
than fifty percent. Hence Awareness levels of the respondents can be said to be low.
2. Concern
In the light of the above findings it can be said that the respondents have positive
attitude and concern for the environment.
3. Knowledge
19
4. Participation
52.3% respondents said that they have participated in
environment related activities
27.2% respondents rated their participation in environmental
activities as high.
Women lagged behind on environmental awareness and hence
special awareness programmes are needed to educate them.
VI.
Conclusion
The
study
surveyed
and
investigated
university
students
In the
contrary, the study also revealed that, respondents have spite of high
level of concern for the environment. They showed low level participation
in environmental activities. In other words, students though have concern
for environments are not showing active interest on environmental
problems. Hence there is a need to explore the factors that have a direct
influence and stimulate them to undertake environmental protection
activities. Conducting awareness programs in the campus, involving them
in environmental activities are important measures for improving student
20
22