COMPREHENSIVE RETROFIT EXAMPLE 1

MULTI-SPAN CIP REINFORCED CONCRETE BOX GIRDER BRIDGE

1. Problem Statement
Evaluate a six-span cast-in-place reinforced concrete highway overcrossing
located in southern California for seismic retrofitting. The structure is supported
on monolithic single column bents and has a single expansion joint hinge located
in span 3. The bridge was constructed in the early 1960s and has several
obvious seismic deficiencies including substandard transverse column
reinforcement and a minimal support length at the interior expansion joint hinge.
Use the D2 method of evaluation.
Once an evaluation has been completed and seismic deficiencies identified and
quantified, develop a retrofit strategy that will result in the minimal performance
criteria being met. Design the retrofit measures necessary to implement the
selected strategy.
2. Description of As-Built Bridge
The bridge, which is located in a seismically active region of southern California,
is on a curved horizontal alignment of 600 ft radius and has variable span
lengths. It passes over a freeway and parallel surface streets. The site class is
Type D.
The cross-section of the superstructure is of constant width and consists of five
girder stems with an overhang on one side. A raised curb with emergency
sidewalk is provided on the other side. The depth of the superstructure varies
from 7-0 to 3-6 with the transition occurring in span 3.
Abutments are seat type supported on 45-ton piles with approach retaining walls
provided to contain approach roadway fills. They are oriented normal to the
superstructure. The superstructure is supported on elastomeric bearings with
concrete shear keys provided to restrain transverse movement. The bearing
seat is 2-6 in width.
The internal expansion joint hinge located in span 3 consists of an 8 inch bearing
seat with embedded steel angles for bearing. Transverse concrete shear keys
are provided, but no longitudinal cable restrainers are in place.
Internal bents are single columns of circular cross section supported on pile
footings. Columns at Bents 2 and 3 are 6-0 in diameter while the remaining

E1-1

columns are 5-0. The main reinforcing steel is lap spliced just above the
footings, and the column transverse steel, consisting of #5 spirals with a 5 pitch,
is lap spliced periodically.
Pile footings vary in size depending on the size of the column, and lack upper
layers of reinforcing steel to resist negative bending moments. Piles have a
design capacity of 45 tons and are effectively pinned at the base of the footing.
The reinforcing steel from the piles extends into the footing and can resist the
seismic uplift capacity of the piles, which is assumed to be 50% of their ultimate
compressive capacity (Cu = 2 x Cdesign).
A field inspection of the bridge revealed no deterioration or modification of the
structure. Because of the age of the concrete it is assumed to have an in-situ
strength of 5500 psi. Reinforcing steel is Grade 60.
The as-built plans for the bridge are shown in Figures E1-1 through E1-3.
3. Enhanced Procedure for Method D2 Seismic Evaluation
The procedure described in the manual for Method D2 is enhanced to include
components other than the columns.
Step 1 Strength and Deformation Capacities
a. Hinge Force and Displacement Capacity
The expansion joint hinge force and displacement capacities are calculated
based on the details of the as-built structure. The transverse force capacity is
based on shear friction in the shear keys. The total number of #5 bars crossing
the shear plane is 16 and the bars are assumed to be Grade 60 with an expected
strength of 66 ksi. The concrete crack surface over each of the two shear keys is
16 inches by 36 inches. Therefore, the shear capacity is given by

Vu = Vn = cA cv + A vf f y + Pc

])

= .85(.150(16 36 2) + 1.4[16 0.31 60 + 0])

= 502 kips
The displacement capacity can be calculated as the seat width minus the
expansion joint gap plus 100 mm (4 inches).

c = Ns gej 2c h = 8 1 4 = 3.0 inches

E1-2

Table E1-1 - Hinge Force and Displacement Capacities

Transverse Force
Kips
(KN)
502
(2232)

Hinge
1

Longitudinal
Displacement - inches
(mm)
3.0
(102)

b. Column and Foundation Shear Capacities

In the case of column shear capacities, both the initial and final shear strength is
considered. An example of the required calculation for Bent 2 follows.

0.25

1.6 v A e
1.6 v 0.8 A g
=
tan =

t A g
2 t A g
A
32 1.27
t = sl =
= .01
Ac
(36) 2
v =

0.25

= 0.64 v
t

4 A ss
4(.31)
=
= 0.00368
sD 5(72 4.63)

0.00368

tan = 0.64
0.01

1
= 1.435
cot =
tan

0.25

= [0.2355 ]

0.25

= 0.697

(72 4.63)
D
(1.435 )
cot = (.31)(60)
A h f yh
5
s
2
2
= 565 kips 2514 KN
Vs =

2
.875(68.7)
P tan = (1157 )

240
2
2

= 290 kips 1291 KN

Vp =

E1-6

0.25

The initial and final contribution of the concrete (Vci and Vcf respective ly) is :
3.61 5500 0.8 (36) 2
Vci = 3.61
=
1000
= 872 kips 3881 KN
'
fce
Ae

'
Vcf = 0.60 fce
A e = 145 kips 645 KN

Therefore, the initial and final ultimate shear capacity (Vui and Vuf ) is given by :
Vui = 0.85(Vs + Vp + Vci ) = 0.85(565 + 290 + 872 )

= 1468 kips 6532 KN

Vuf = 0.85(Vs + Vp + Vcf ) = 0.85(565 + 290 + 145 )
= 850 kips 3782 KN

The following table includes the shear capacities for all of the columns.

Table E1-2 - Column Shear Strength Capacity

Column
2
3
4
5
6

Column
Length
Feet (m)
20.0
(6.10)
24.5
(7.47)
17.0
(5.18)
19.4
(5.91)
21.7
(6.62)

Dead Load
Axial Load
Kips (KN)
1157
(5149)
1069
(4757)
448
(1994)
457
(2034)
545
(2425)

Initial Shear
Strength
Kips (KN)
1468
(6532)
1407
(6263)
1006
(4475)
996
(4431)
1001
(4455)

Final Shear
Strength
Kips (KN)
850
(3782)
789
(3512)
576
(2565)
567
(2521)
572
(2545)

Similarly, the foundation shear capacity is calculated based on the capacity of the
piles in shear plus the capacity provided by passive pressure on the face of the
pile cap. The ultimate lateral capacity of a single pile is assumed to be 40 kips
(178 KN) based on physical testing of similar piles. The shear capacities for Bent
2 and 3 are calculated as follows:
Hc (piles) = Np 40 = 25(40 ) = 1000 kips 4450 KN
2 (4 + 2)
2 h
4 15
dW =
3
3
= 240 kips 1068 KN

Hc (cap) = Pp W =

E1-7

The total shear capacities of all pier foundations are summarized below
Table E1-3 - Pier Foundation Capacities
Pier Foundation

2 and 3
4, 5 and 6

Shear Capacity
Kips (KN)
Longit.
Trans.
1240
1240
(5518)
(5518)
832
832
(3702)
(3702)

E1-8

c. Abutment Force and Displacement Capacities

Abutment force capacities are governed either by the capacity of shear keys or
the capacity of the piles and wingwalls. The shear key capacity is calculated in a
manner similar to those for the hinge and is summarized below.
i.

Shear Keys:

Vu = Vn = cA cv + A vf f y + Pc

])

= 0.85(.150(30 36 2) + 1.4[16 0.31 60])

= 630 kips
ii. Piles and Wingwalls

In the case of the piles the calculation for Abutment 1 is performed as follows:
Vp = Np ( 40 ) = 13 40 = 520 kips
The wingwall capacity is equal to the capacity of one wingwall in shear. In this
case the wingwall is 14 feet high and 12 inches thick (d=9). Therefore:
Vw = Hd 2 fc' = 0.85 14 12 9 2 0.074
= 190 kips

Vabut = Vp + Vw = 520 + 190 = 710 kips

The displacement capacity in the longitudinal direction depends on the geometry
of the seat and the nominal amount of expansion (ge = 1). In this case:
abut = Ns g e 2c c = 30 1 4 = 25 inches

Similarly for Abutment 7:

Vabut = 576 kips
abut = 25 inches
Table E1-4 - Abutment Force and Displacement Capacities

Abut

Transverse Force
Kips (KN)
Shear
Piles and
Keys
Wingwalls

E1-9

Longitudinal
Displacement inches (mm)

630
710
(2804)
(3160)
630
576
7
(2804)
(2563)
Step 2 Nonlinear Static Pushover Analysis
1

25.0
(635)
25.0
(635)

In a displacement-based approach, the first step in a nonlinear static pushover

analysis is to assess the deformation capacity of various ductile elements such
as columns. One method is to perform moment-curvature computer analyses
based on allowable strains. For this problem, simplified methods presented in
the retrofit guidelines for determining allowable plastic rotations of the columns
are used. These depend on the limit state being investigated.
In this bridge, the unconfined splices that are typical of bridge construction prior
to 1971 must be considered. The transverse spiral reinforcing in the column is
lap spliced (a substandard detail) and will be subject to failure as soon as the
outer concrete cover spalls. Therefore, a compression failure in unconfined
concrete should be investigated. Shear failure is another possibility that could
limit ductile response. The following calculations are performed for Bent 2.
y =

2f y
E sD

2(60 )
29000 (72 2(2) 2(.69 ) 1.44 )

= 0.00006348 rad/in
L p = 0.08L + 4400 y db

L p = 0.08(20(12)) + 4400(.00207 )(1.25 )

= 30.59 in (for transverse bending)
L p = 0.08(10(12)) + 4400(.00207 )(1.25 )
= 20.99 in (for longitudinal bending)
0.725

f y 1 2c D
Pe

+ 0.5 t '
'
fc 1 2d D
c 1 fc A g
=

D
1.32

0.2216 by trial and error

c = 0.2216D = 0.2216 (72 ) = 15.96 in

The allowable plastic rotation for each of the limit states can now be calculated.

E1-10

 cu
.005
y =
.00006348
c
15.96
= .0002498 rad/in
p = pL p = .0002498 (30.59 )
p =

= 0.00764 rad (transverse bending)

p = pL p = .0002498 (20.99 )
= 0.00524 rad (longitudinal bending)
The splice section is evaluated as follows:
l s = 0.032

f ye
'
fce

db = 0.032

66000
4225

1.25 = 41 in

L lap = 42 in

Therefore, this is a "long splice and, by inspection, unconfined compression will

control.
Although the final shear capacity is sufficient to resist shear demands in the
transverse direction, shear failure could occur in the longitudinal direction due to
shear capacity degradation resulting from flexural yielding. The amount of plastic
rotation that is allowed will be limited because of this. This is calculated as
follows.
The plastic overstrength moment at the dead load axial force is calculated first.

E1-11

2
P
Pbcc
e

M
fc' A g fc' A g
Mpo
= bo 1

fc' A gD fc' A gD Pto Pbcc
fc' A g fc' A g

Where

fc' = 5.5 ksi

Pe
'
fc A g
Pto
fc' A g
Pbcc
fc' A g

1157
= 0.0517
5.5(28.27 )(144 )

= t

fsu
fc'

= 0.5

1.5(66 )
= .01
= 0.180
5 .5

A cc
24.71
= 0.5(0.85 )(0.85 )
= 0.316
Ag
28.27

f su D Pbcc 1 o
K
=

+
shape t '
fc' A gD
fc D fc' A g 2
1.5(66 ) 65.18
1 0 .6
= 0.32(0.01)
+ 0.316

5. 5
72
2
= 0.1153
Therefore,

Mbo

Mpo

2
P
Pbcc
e

M
fc' A g fc' A g '
= ' bo 1
f A D
fc A gD
Pto
Pbcc c g

fc' A g fc' A g

0.0517 0.316 2
= 0.1153 1
(5.5 )(28.27 )(144 )(72) 12
0.180 0.316
= 11,091 kip ft

E1-12

Therefore, the limitations on flexural yielding based on shear strength for Bent 2
degradation is:
Vm = Mp L = 11091 10 = 1109 kips

V Vm
1470 1109

+ 2 y = 5
p = 5 i
+ 2 (0.00006348 )

1470 852

Vi Vf
= 0.0003124 rad/in

p = pL p = 0.0003124 (20.99 ) = 0.00656 radians (Does not control)

The deformation capacity of all as-built columns is summarized below.

Column Deformation Capacity (Longitudinal)

Column

2
3
4
5
6

Yield
Ultimate
Curvature
Curvature
radians/in
radians/in
(radians/m) (radians/m)
.0000698
.000291
(.00275)
(.01147)
.0000698
.000300
(.00275)
(.01182)
.0000856
.000339
(.00337)
(.01336)
.0000856
.000378
(.00337)
(.01489)
.0000856
.000361
(.00337)
(.01422)

Plastic
Moment
Kip ft
(KN m)
11095
(15053)
10963
(14874)
7121
(9661)
7132
(9676)
7238
(9820)

Plastic
Hinge
Length
inches (m)
22.1
(.561)
24.3
(.617)
20.7
(.526)
21.8
(.554)
22.9
(.582)

Plastic
Rotation
radians

.00643
.00729
.00786
.00825
.00828

Column Deformation Capacity (Transverse)

Column

2
3
4
5

Yield
Ultimate
Curvature
Curvature
radians/in
radians/in
(radians/m) (radians/m)
.0000698
.000291
(.00275)
(.01147)
.0000698
.000300
(.00275)
(.01182)
.0000856
.000380
(.00337)
(.01497)
.0000856
.000378
(.00337)
(.01489)

E1-13

Plastic
Moment
Kip ft
(KN m)
11095
(15053)
10963
(14874)
7121
(9661)
7132
(9676)

Plastic
Hinge
Length
inches (m)
31.7
(.805)
36.0
(.914)
28.8
(.732)
31.1
(.790)

Plastic
Rotation
radians

.00923
.01083
.01096
.01178

.0000856
.000361
7238
33.4
.01204
(.00337)
(.01422)
(9820)
(.848)
Once the deformation capacity of the potential plastic hinge has been
determined, a longitudinal displacement capacity evaluation of the entire bridge
is determined through a longitudinal push-over analysis. In this type of analysis
the columns are modeled as non-linear elements. The frame, which is modeled
in 2-dimensions, is incrementally displaced in the longitudinal direction until the
maximum allowable plastic rotation is achieved in the plastic hinge zones. The
displacement at which this occurs is identified as the displacement capacity, ci.
6

The transverse displacement capacity is determined by a transverse push-over

analysis of each bent. Both the longitudinal and transverse push-over models
include non-linear foundation springs for both rotational and translational
movement.
1. Longitudinal Push-over Analysis
a. Computer Models
The computer model used for the longitudinal push-over analysis is shown in
Figure E1-4. This model was analyzed using the DRAIN2DX computer program
that was originally developed at the University of California at Berkeley. The
non-linear elements used to model the potential plastic hinges in the reinforced
concrete column are based on a tri-linear interaction curve (i.e. Shape Code 3).
This tri-linear curve is selected to match the actual interaction curve in the vicinity
of the axial load. The actual interaction curve is calculated using the computer
program YIELD, one of several that can be used for this purpose. The tri-linear
curves used in this analysis are shown in Figures E1-5a and E1-5b.

Slaved Nodes at Hinge

101

301
203 302 303
310

201
102 202
210
Rigid Links (Typ)
220
230

320
330

305 401
304 306 307 402
410

420
430
Nonlinear Beam Element (Typ)

Nonlinear Foundation Element (Typ)

Figure E1-4 DRAIN2DX Model

E1-14

501
403 502
510

601
503 602
610

520
530

620
630

Tri-linear curve fit for DRAIN2DX

35000
Tri-linear curve fit for DRAIN2DX

30000

9000
7000
5000
3000
1000
0
-1000
-3000
-5000

25000
20000
Axial Force - kips

Axial Force - kips

21000
19000
17000
15000
13000
11000
Interaction Diagram

15000

Interaction Diagram

10000
5000
0

10000

10000

20000

-5000
Nominal Moment - kip ft

Nominal Moment - kip ft

Figure E1-5a
Interaction Diagram - 5 ft Column

Figure E1-5b
Interaction Diagram - 6 ft Column

The foundations are modeled as non-linear elements for translation and rotation.
With respect to rotation, this is done to simulate rocking of the footings when
the pile axial capacities are exceeded. If rocking of the foundations occur prior
to the limiting deformation in the column, the foundation will act as a fuse that
may spare the columns significant damage. The foundation non-linear rotational
springs are calculated as follows.
Bent 2 & 3
Ultimate Compression Capacity of Pile = 2(90) = 180 kips
Ultimate Tension Capacity of Pile = 0.5 Compression Capacity = 90 kips
PDL( 2) = 1157 kips 5149 KN
PDL( 3 ) = 1069 kips 4757 KN

Ultimate Moment Capacity (See Figure E1-6)

N(1) = N(2) = 5(-90) = -450 kips => -2003 KN
N(4) = N(5) = 5(180) = 900 kips => 4006 KN
N(3)2 = 1157 + 2(450) 2(900) = 257 kips => 1144 KN
N(3)3 = 1069 + 2(450) 2(900) = 169 kips => 752 KN

E1-15

Mc = N(1) 6 + N(2) 3 + N( 4) 3 + N(5) 6

= 450 6 + 450 3 + 900 3 + 900 6
Mc = 12,150 kip ft 16,484 KN m
For this example, the footing rotational response is modelled as perfectly elastic/plastic.
Ultimate pile capacities are assumed to be reached at a vertical displaceme nt of 1".
From this the initial rotational stiffness is calculated for input into the DRAIN2DX program.

1
u = u =
= 0.01389 rad
l ex 2 3 12
kR =

Mc 12,150
=
875,000 kip ft/rad
u .01389

1,187,000 KN m/rad

P
M

N(1)

N(2)

N(3)

N(4)

N(5)

Figure E1-6 Pile Footing Free Body Diagram (Bent 2 & 3)

Ultimate Translational Capacity

E1-16

Hc (piles) = Np 40 = 25(40 ) = 1000 kips

4450 KN

2 h
2 (2 + 4 )
dW =
4 15
3
3
= 240 kips 1068 KN
Based on past testing, the pile ultimate capacity is reached at a displaceme nt
of approximat ely 1". The initial translational stiffness is calculated for input to
DRAIN2DX.
u = 1 inch 25 mm
Hc (cap) = Pp W =

kT =

Hc (piles) + Hc (cap) 1000 + 240

=
U
1

= 1240 kips/inch 217 KN/mm

E1-17

Similarly for Bents 4 to 6:

kR =

Mc
6,150
=
332,000 kip ft/rad
u 0.0185

450,560 KN m/rad (average)

kT =

Hc 832
=
= 832 kips/inch 146 KN/mm
u
1

Translational yielding of the piles in this case can mean destruction of the pile
heads. This could potentially result in significant vertical settlements at the
foundation although complete collapse is unlikely. Still it is advisable to avoid
this failure mode. Rotational yielding will usually mean that piles will plunge and
pull out of the soil if the pile to footing connection is sufficiently strong. Although
this action can limit column forces, there are two issues to be considered.
First, the response of the foundation is subject to some uncertainty, and the
possibility of foundation over strength makes the fusing action unreliable unless
there is a significant difference between the column and the foundation moment
capacities. Therefore, columns should generally be retrofitted as a fail safe
measure even if the pushover analysis indicates piles will yield first.
Secondly, the amount of plastic rotation to be tolerated in the foundation before
foundation retrofitting is mandated is subject to some judgment. Excessive
plastic rotation can result in unacceptable foundation settlement as pointed out in
Chapter 6. In this case, it is assumed that a plastic rotation of 0.03 radians can
be tolerated.
Member properties used for the push-over analysis are consistent with those
used in the dynamic analysis described below. Appendix E1-1 includes the
DRAIN2DX input files.
b. Computer Results
In the longitudinal direction the DRAIN2DX model is displaced incrementally until
the allowable deformation is achieved at the potential plastic hinge zones. The
controlling displacement is shown in bold face type. The following table
summarizes the results of all of the non-linear push-over analyses.

E1-18

Table E1-7 - Displacement Capacity inches (mm)

Longitudinal
Ultimate
Ultimate
(Bottom)
(Top)
5.6 1
3.1 1
(142)
(79)
7.1 1
4.1 1
(180)
(104)
9.2 2
3.4 1
(234)
(81)
9.2 2
3.1 1
(234)
(79)
9.2 2
3.5 1
(234)
(80)

Bent

2
3
4
5
6

Notes:

Transverse
Ultimate
Ultimate
(Bottom)
(Top)
7.0 1
N/A
(178)
10.3 1
N/A
(262)
10.8 2
N/A
(274)
10.8 2
N/A
(274)
10.8 2
N/A
(274)

1. Controlled by column
2. Controlled by footing

Step 3 Non-Seismic Demands

Non-seismic loads to be considered in the Extreme Event 1 loading condition are
assumed to be negligible for this example.
Step 4 Demand Analysis
1. Response Spectrum Parameters
Based on the location of the bridge site, the following seismic loading parameters
are determined from the maps developed by the United States Geologic Survey
(USGS).
Ss = 2.0
S1 = 1.0
Site factors (for Site Class D) are given in Table 1-4 of the retrofit manual.
Fa = 1.0
Fv = 1.5
Therefore,
SDS = FaSs = 1.0(2.0) = 2.0
SD1 = FvS1 = 1.5(1.0) = 1.5

E1-19

The resulting response spectrum to be used for the demand analysis is shown in
Figure E1-7

Spectral Acceleration - g's

2.0

1.0

0
0

1.0

2.0

3.0

Period - Sec.

Figure E1-7 Design Spectra

2. Member Properties for Analysis

The superstructure section properties were calculated using the Section Wizard
computer program, which is part of STAAD III. Table E1-8 summarizes these
results.
Table E1-8 - Superstructure Section Properties ft
(Metric values shown in parentheses)
Section
Span 1 & 2
Bent 2 & 3
Span 3 A
Span 3 B
Spans 4-6
Bents 4-6

Depth

Ax

Izz

Iyy

Ixx

7.00
(2.13)
7.00
(2.13)
5.84
(1.78)
4.67
(1.42)
3.50
(1.07)
3.50
(1.07)

51.40
(4.78)
179.55
(16.69)
47.58
(4.42)
43.72
(4.06)
39.85
(3.70)
93.24
(8.67)

393.70
(3.40)
789.54
(6.82)
258.28
(2.23)
153.80
(1.33)
78.84
(0.68)
109.76
(0.95)

3855.05
(33.31)
9928.09
(85.78)
3578.65
(30.92)
3299.76
(28.51)
3020.71
(26.10)
5552.09
(47.96)

896.87
(7.75)
2279.85
(19.70)
624.55
(5.40)
394.65
(3.41)
213.71
(1.85)
318.47
(2.75)

E1-20

Gross column section properties are modified to reflect the cracking that is likely
to occur during a seismic event. The modification factors are taken from Table 71 in the Bridge Retrofit Manual. In the as-built case, the structural details will not
accommodate ductile behavior and thus preclude plastic hinging from taking
place. Therefore:
For Bents 2 and 3 (6 Columns):
A g = r 2 = 3.1416 (3)2 = 28.27 ft 2 2.63 m2

r 4 3.1416 (3 )
=
= 63.61 ft 4 0.55 m4
4
4
A e = A g = 2.63 m2

Ig =

Mn = 9386(12) = 112,600 k - in (From YIELD computer program)

D = 72 - 4 - 2(.69) - 1.44 = 65.2 in.
E = 57000 fc' 1000 = 57000 5500 1000 = 4230 ksi
M D
112600 65.2
Ie = n =
= 419,000 in 4 20.2 ft 4 0.175 m 4
E2 y 4230(2)(.00207 )

For Bents 4, 5 and 6 (5 Columns):

A g = r 2 = 3.1416 (2.5)2 = 19.64 ft 2 1.83 m2
r 4 3.1416 (2.5 )
Ig =
=
= 30.68 ft 4 0.27 m4
4
4
A e = A g = 1.83 m2
4

Mn = 5836(12) = 70,000 k - in
D = 60 4 2(.69 ) 1.44 = 53.2 in
M D
70,000 53.2
Ie = n =
= 213,000 in 4 10.26 ft 4 0.0886 m 4
E2 y 4230(2)(.00207 )

3. Elastic Response Spectrum (Demand) Analysis

a. Computer Models
The SEISAB computer program was used to perform the elastic response
spectrum (demand) analysis. SEISAB automatically models the structural
elements of the bridge with beam elements. As a default, the superstructure
spans are modeled using four beam elements, which result in lumped masses
at the quarter points of the span. Columns are modeled using 3 beam
elements. The pile foundations are modeled using SEISAB pile and footing data
block capabilities.

E1-21

When using a linear elastic model to simulate the non-linear behavior of a bridge
during a strong earthquake it is typical practice to use several computer models
to envelope the actual bridge response. In this case, two compression models
and one tension model was used. The first compression model assumed that
the expansion joints at Abutment 1 and the hinge were locked up and able to
transmit longitudinal forces. The second compression model assumed the
hinge and Abutment 7 were locked up. The tension model assumed all
expansion joints were free to move. The worst-case forces and displacements
from each of these models were used to determine seismic demands.
The behavior of the longitudinal expansion joints at the abutments depends not
only on the expansion joint gap, but also on the non-linear behavior of the fill
behind the abutment wall. In the compression models this behavior is usually
linearized using a trial and error approach. This is demonstrated in Figure E18, which shows the non-linear force-displacement curve at Abutment 1 plus the
linearized displacement actually used in the first compression model.

1200

1.0

800
k

Longituninal Force (kips)

1000

600
Linearized Stiffness

400
200

1.0

2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
Longitudinal Displacement (inches)

Figure E1-8 Abutment 1 Longitudinal Response

In this figure the ultimate capacity of the abutment is given as the passive
pressure behind the wall. The backwall is assumed to shear off at the level of
the bearing seat and engage the fill behind the wall. The displacement at which
the ultimate force is reached includes the displacement required to achieve full
passive pressure (0.02H) plus the expansion joint gap, Dg. Therefore, at
Abutment 1:

E1-22

2H2 W 2 7.5 2 28.78

=
3
3
= 1079 Kips 4803 KN

HP = Pp W = p pHW =

ult = 0.02H + D g = 0.02 7.5 12 + 1.0

= 2.80 in 71 mm
For Abutment 7:
HP = Pp W = ppHW =

2H2 W 2 5.02 28.78

=
= 480 Kips 2135 KN
3
3

ult = 0.02H + Dg = 0.02 5.0 12 + 1.0 = 2.20 in 56 mm

The actual stiffness used in the model must be adjusted until the computed
abutment force demand is within 30% of Hp.
b. Computer Input Files
SEISAB computer input files for each of the three elastic models used are
included in Appendix E1-2.
c. Computer Results
The following tables summarize the maximum results obtained from the SEISAB
computer analyses.
Table E1-9 Abutment Forces and Displacements

Location
Abutment 1
Abutment 7

Forces Kips
(KN)
Longitudinal
Transverse
1109
920
(6884)
(4250)
477
864
(6684)
(3925)

E1-23

Displacements inches
(mm)
Longitudinal
Transverse
5.9
1.8
(149)
(45)
5.7
1.7
(145)
(42)

Table E1-10 Column Moments and Displacements

Bent

Location

Top
2

Bottom
Top
3

Bottom
Top
4

Bottom
Top
5

Bottom
Top
6

Bottom

Elastic Moment
K ft (KN m)
Longit. Trans.
34171
(46360)
21944
19987
(29772) (27116)
30288
(41092)
20863
34024
(28305) (46160)
17974
(24385)
10341
26691
(14030) (36212)
19486
(26437)
10758
15847
(14595) (21500)
16799
(22791)
10295
7298
(13967) (9901)

Displacement
inches (mm)
Longit. Trans.

5.8
(147)

7.3
(185)

6.1
(156)

13.9
(354)

5.0
(128)

15.2
(387)

5.4
(137)

10.7
(273)

5.6
(143)

6.1
(154)

Plastic shear demands on the columns and foundations are limited by yielding of
the columns and/or the foundations and are calculated as follows for Bent 2 in
the longitudinal direction:
Vp =

Mp
Lc

2.0(11095 )
= 1110 kips
20

The remaining plastic shear demands are calculated in a similar fashion and are
summarized below.

E1-24

Table E1-11 Column Plastic Shears

Bent

Plastic Shear
Kips (KN)
Longit. Trans.

1110
(4940)

555
(2470)

895
(3983)

448
(1994)

780
(3729)

362
(1885)

685
(3271)

317
(1638)

617
(2968)

283
(1486)

Hinge force and displacement demands are obtained from the worst case
SEISAB model.
Table E1-12 - Hinge Force and Displacement Demands

Hinge

Transverse Force
Kips (KN)
1076
(4788)

Longitudinal
Displacement inches
(mm)
7.6
(193)

Step 5 - Summary of Capacity/Demand Ratios

The adequacy of the current structure to resist earthquakes is given by the
capacity/demand ratio for the various components of the bridge for different types
of actions. These are summarized as follows with inadequate components
indicated by bold type.

E1-25

Table E1-13 Capacity/Demand Ratios

Location
Abutment 1

Abutment 7
Bent 2
Bent 3
Bent 4
Bent 5
Bent 6
Hinge 1
Footnotes:

Response Item
Force Keys
Force - Piles
Displacement
Force Keys
Force - Piles
Displacement
Displacement
Foundation Shear
Displacement
Foundation Shear
Displacement
Foundation Shear
Displacement
Foundation Shear
Displacement
Foundation Shear
Displacement
Force

Longitudinal
N/A
N/A
4.41
N/A
N/A
4.56
0.53 1
1.12
0.67 1
1.39
0.68 1
1.07
0.57 1
1.21
0.63 1
1.35
0.53
N/A

Transverse
0.68
0.77
N/A
0.73
0.67
N/A
0.96 1
2.23
0.74 1
2.77
0.71 2
2.30
1.01 2
2.62
1.77 2
2.94
N/A
0.39

1. Controlled by failure of unconfined concrete in compression.

2. Controlled by plunging and uplift of foundation piles.

Figure E1-9 is a graphical presentation of the as-built seismic deficiencies of the

bridge.

E1-26

4. Retrofit Strategy Evaluation

a. Identification of Retrofit Strategy
A retrofit strategy that addresses the global response of the bridge is shown in
Figure E1-10. The strategy, which involves retrofitting of all five columns and
both abutments, addresses each deficiency that was identified by the detailed
seismic evaluation performed above. The hinge is also to be retrofitted with seat
extenders and longitudinal cable restrainers to prevent unseating. It is also
necessary to retrofit the foundations at Piers 2, 3, 5 and 6 to prevent failure of the
pile cap in negative bending and Pier 4 to prevent excessive plastic rotation of
the foundation. This strategy is evaluated in the following sections.
A less obvious strategy, which relied on Piers 3 and 4 to carry all longitudinal
forces, was also investigated. This strategy involved retrofitting these two
columns with steel or fiber shells. Transverse forces would be carried by the two
abutments, which were also to be retrofitted, and Piers 3 and 4, such that each
frame could resist torsional response about the vertical axis. Piers 2, 5 and 6
would have been allowed to fail under lateral load, but would have been
retrofitted with light steel shells to preserve axial load capacity at these locations.
This strategy could have worked if it werent for the high ductility demands placed
on the retrofitted columns. Short of replacing these columns, or strengthening
them significantly, it was not possible to retrofit these columns to gain the ductility
necessary to resist failure of the main reinforcement due to low cycle fatigue.
Therefore, this trial strategy was ultimately rejected.
b. Design of Retrofit Measures
i.

Abutment Retrofit
1. CIDH Bolters

The existing abutment piles and wingwalls at the abutments do not have the
capacity to resist transverse forces. It is necessary to provide additional capacity
through large diameter cast-in-drilled hole (CIDH) bolsters. The shear capacity
of this bolster must exceed the difference between the transverse force demands
and the capacity of the existing abutment. Therefore,
Vbolster = (Vd Vabut )
For Abutment 1 this is calculated as follows
Vbolster = 920 710 = 210 kips

E1-28

At Abutment 7:
Vbolster = 864 576 = 288 kips
Therefore, to simplify details, design both bolsters to resist the forces at
Abutment 7. The minimum diameter of the CIDH bolster is determined based on
the maximum shear capacity, which is determined by using the maximum
allowable shear stress, which is 8 fc' . Therefore,
A e (min) =
A bolster =

Vbolster
8 fc'

288
= 706 in 2
0.85 0.480

A e 706
=
= 883 in 2
0. 8
.8

D bolster (min) =

4 A bolster
=

4 883
= 33.5 in

Use D bolster = 48 in

The top of the pile is detailed with a pinned connection at the level of the
abutment footing. This eliminates the need for the bolster-to-abutment
connection to resist large moments. Therefore, the connection need only resist
the shear force of 288 kips. Dowels drilled and bonded into the side of the
abutment wall are used for this purpose. According to Caltrans tests, a #7 dowel
bonded into a 7 deep, drilled hole with magnesium phosphate grout can safely
resist 20.3 kips in tension. Therefore, the number of dowels required to transfer
the shear force eccentrically applied at the top of the bolster is:
Ndowels =

1.5 Vbolster 1.5(288 )

=
= 21.3 dowels use 21 dowels
TC # 7
20.3

The 1.5 factor in the above equation accounts for the eccentricity of the load.
Such dowels must be spaced at a minimum of 14 inches and must be a minimum
of 4 inches away from the edge of any drilled concrete.
The pinned connection at the top of the pile must also be capable of transferring
the 288 kip shear force. The pin is designed using the principals of shear
friction. Therefore, the minimum area of concrete is:

E1-30

A pin =

Vbolster
(0.2)fc'

288
= 471 in 2
0.85(0.2)(3.6)

use a 25 in diameter circle

The required area of reinforcing steel crossing the shear plane is:
Vbolster

f y

A vf =

cA cv

288
=

0.1( 491)
.85
= 4.83 in 2
1.0(60)

use 7 - #8 dowels
The moment in the CIDH bolster is calculated with the help of a computer
program that models the CIDH pile as a series of beam-column elements and the
subsurface lateral soil stiffness as p-y curves for each increment of soil depth
along the length of the pile. Shear and moment diagrams along the pile can be
developed using this technique, and from these the maximum moment demand
can be determined. In this case the maximum moment demand is:
Mbolster = 2155 k - ft
Because plastic hinging in the CIDH bolsters will not be allowed, the bolster is
designed for this moment. Based on an interaction analysis, this requires 20
#10s as main reinforcement around the perimeter of the CIDH pile. This results
in t of 0.0140.
The final shear capacity provided by the concrete in the pile is determined as
follows
0.6 3600 0.8(24 )
Ae =
= 52 kips
1000
2

Vcf = 0.6

fc'

Therefore, the shear capacity provided by the transverse reinforcement must be

Vs =

Vbolster Vcf 288 0.85(52)

=
= 287 kips

0.85

This requires hoop spacing as follows

s = A v f yh

D
cot
Vs

By assuming to be 35 degrees, and #6 hoops, the spacing is as follows

E1-31


(0.44 )(60 ) 48 6.88 (1.43 ) = 8.50 inches
2
288
use # 6 hoops @ 8" oc

s=

This gives a volumetric ratio of

v =

2A bh
2(0.44 )
=
= 0.00268
sD 8.0( 41.12)

Therefore, the assumption for can be checked

1.6 v A e

= a tan
t A g

= 35.1 degrees

0.25

1.6(.00268 )(1448 )

= a tan
1(.0140 )(1810 )

0.25

Since this approximately equal to the assumed value for , the above shear
reinforcement results are acceptable.
2. Pipe Restrainers
The existing shear keys at the abutments are not capable of transferring the
transverse shear forces from the superstructure to the abutments. The existing
shear key capacity was previously calculated based on their shear friction
capacity.
Vkeys = 630 kips
Therefore, additional shear capacity must be provided as follows based on
Abutment 1:
Vadd = Vd Vkeys = 920 630 = 290 kips
Pipe shear keys may be used to provide this extra capacity.
An A36 pipe filled with concrete is capable of resisting 26 ksi in shear. Therefore
a double extra strong 6 diameter pipe will provide 406 kips nominal capacity or
345 kips ultimate capacity after the application of a 0.85 capacity reduction
factor. If one pipe is used, it will provide the required additional shear capacity.
A cored hole will be required in the existing concrete in order to place the pipe.
The pipe shear key may be placed vertically if provisions are made for
longitudinal movement of the superstructure. This design has the advantage of
eliminating excavation behind the abutment, but requires complicated details to

E1-32

provide for longitudinal movement. Alternately, the pipe may be oriented

longitudinally. In this case one end of the pipe shear key will pass through the
abutment backwall. Because this backwall is not thick enough to provide the
necessary bearing area for the pipe, it must be reinforced from behind, which will
require some excavation behind the abutment and potentially more disruption to
traffic. The required bearing area in either case is calculated as follows:

Ag =

Vpipe

(0.85 )

fc'

290
= 105 in 2
0.9(0.85 )(3.6 )

The value of Ag may include as much as twice the actual contact area on the
surface of the pipe if sufficient concrete surrounds the cored hole. Therefore,
because the pipe will rotate and non-uniform (i.e. triangular) bearing during an
earthquake, it is judged that the pipe must be embedded a minimum of 18 (i.e.
approx. 105/2x6x1/2) to develop the required shear capacity. Pipe embedment
can be reduced if supplemental steel bearing plates are provided to distribute
concrete bearing stresses. Abutment retrofit details are shown in Figure E1-11.
ii.

Column Retrofit
1. Carbon Fiber Jacket Retrofit

Carbon fiber jackets are chosen over steel shells because they add such a small
increase in longitudinal strength and thus allow for a longer plastic hinge zone.
This increases the amount of plastic rotation that can occur prior to a low cycle
fatigue failure of the main reinforcing steel. If sufficient confinement is provided
with a composite shell, the mode of column failure will always be low cycle
fatigue of the main column reinforcement. For the 6 ft diameter columns the
allowable plastic curvature for this mode of failure is calculated as follows:
p =

2 ap

(d d)

where
ap = 0.08(2N f )

0. 5

0.333 0.5

= 0.08 7(Tn )

0.333 0.5

= 0.08 7(0.77 )

= 0.0289
2(.0289 )
p =
= 0.0008868
(68.59 3.41)
Therefore, the allowable pastic rotations for Bent 2 are as follows
p = pL p = .0008868 (22.1) = .01960 radians (longitudinal)
p = pL p = .0008868 (31.7 ) = .02811 radians (transverse)

Similarly, plastic rotations for the other columns can be determined

E1-33

These allowable plastic rotation capacities result in the following column

displacement capacities assuming over strength and/or retrofitted footings at
Bents 4 thru 6 do not yield.

E1-34

Table E1-14 Retrofitted Displacement Capacity inches (mm)

Longitudinal

Transverse

6.2
(173)
8.2
(208)
6.1
(178)
6.4
(173)
6.8
(183)

12.5
(272)
17.6
(361)
13.7
(318)
14.2
(320)
15.0
(325)

Bent
2
3
4
5
6

Notice that all displacement capacities are sufficient with the exception of Bent 4
in the transverse direction. Because the displacement capacities listed in Table
E1-15 are limited by low cycle fatigue failure, jacketing is not the solution at the
bottom of Bent 4. In this case a replaceable hinge retrofit is required in order
lengthen the plastic hinge and mitigate low cycle fatigue failure.
The remaining columns may all be retrofitted with composite fiber shells.
Another alternative may be steel shells or the use of replacement hinges on all
columns. The thickness of the carbon fiber jackets should be sufficient to
prevent the occurrence of a compression failure in the concrete or a shear failure
of the column prior to the low cycle fatigue failure. As an example, consider Bent
3.

p = 0.0008868 radians/inch

cu = p + y (c d)

= (0.0008868 + 0.0000698 )(13.51 0) = .0129

use cu = .015 as the target concrete strain capacity
Using the simplified method, the thickness of a passive carbon-fiber jacket for
confinement is given by
tp =

31D 31(72)
=
= 0.068 in
Ej
33000

For lap splice performance:

E1-36

tp =

500Dfl 500(72)(.3 )
=
= 0.327 in
Ep
33000

For shear enhancement

2v sj
2(1110 850 ) / 0.85
tp =
=
E p pD cot 3.1416(33000 )(.006 )(72)(1.43 )
= 0.01 in
Therefore, use t = 0.375 inches at lap zone and t = 0.125 inches elsewhere
Check cu
cu = 0.004 +

2.5 s fdu du
'
fcc

where
4(t p ) 4(.125 )
s =
=
= 0.0069
D
72
f du = 600 ksi
du = 0.02

'
'
= 1.33fce
= 1.33(5.5 ) = 7.315 ksi
fcc

cu = 0.004 +

2.5(.0069 )(600 )(.02 )

= 0.0324 > 0.015 OK
7.315

Similar jackets can be used on the remaining columns. A 0.125 inch thick shell
should be used at the upper plastic hinge zone of Bent 4.
2. Replaceable Plastic Hinge
The plastic hinge length at the base of Pier 4 must be of sufficient length to
accommodate the required plastic rotation. This can be accomplished by using
the replaceable hinge detail discussed in Section 9.2.1.1(b). An example of this
type of retrofit is shown in Figure 9-4. The first step is to determine the size of
the fuse bar, which must provide the maximum strength but guarantee yielding
before the existing main column steel.
d f < db

2f y
fsu

= 1.25

2(60 )
= 1.14 inches
144

Use 1 - 1/8" diameter fuse bars

The length of the fuse bar is the length of the plastic hinge. Therefore, using a
plastic rotation demand, d, based on a transverse displacement demand of 15.2
E1-37

inches as required from Table E1-10 and a yield displacement of 6.7 inches
obtained from the transverse DRAIN2DX output, the following minimum fuse bar
length is obtained.
du d y du d y 15.2 6.7

=
= .0489 radians
Lp
60
D
204
L
L
2
2
2
Therefore
p =

Lf =

D(2N f )

0.5

0.16
Use L f = 66 inches

.0489
(60 6.63 )(2(7.64 ))0.5 = 63.75 inches
0.16

The next step is to size the connector plate and welds. Assuming E70XX
electrodes and 3/16 fillet welds:
2

L w = 0.56

d f fsu
1.125 2 144
= 0.56
= 12.2 inches
s w fw
.25 33.6

The minimum plate thickness based on AISC LRFD is 5/16 inches.

Finally, the transverse reinforcement in terms of inch diameter prestress strand
must be determined for concrete confinement, anti-buckling and shear
resistance.
For concrete confinement
2

fy A g
fc' Pe

s = 0.008
+ t '
12
Usf fc' A g
fc A cc

2
2

4 448
124 2827

s = 0.008 12
+ .00984
1
16 4(2827 )
4 2402

s = 0.00195

For anti-buckling the transverse reinforcement spacing is limited to 6 inches.

For shear resistance
s = 2K shape

t fsu A g
.00984 144 2827 53.37
(1.0)
tan tan = 2(0.32)(1.0 )
f yh A cc
.9 216 2402 204

s = 0.00144

E1-38

Therefore, confinement controls. Use s =0.00195 or strand at 5-1/2 cc.

iii.

Column Foundation Retrofit

1. Footing Overlay (Without Additional Piles)

Column Footings (pile caps) do not have a top mat of reinforcement. Therefore,
they are structurally inadequate for resisting the uplift forces generated in the
piles by column overturning. To prevent flexural failures of the footings these
footings will be overlayed with 12 inches of concrete that contains horizontal
reinforcement to resist negative bending moments. This overlay will be made to
act compositely with the existing footing by drilling and bonding vertical
reinforcement into the existing footing that will act in shear friction to resist
horizontal shear stresses. The negative bending moment and shear generated
by pile uplift at Bent 2 is given by:

M footing = Np Tp x p1 e + x p2
2

6 .0
d

4
e = 5 90 6.0 + 3.0 2

2
2

= 1657 k ft
Vfooting = Np Tp = 5 90 = 450 kips

The ultimate moment resistance provided by 16 #6 reinforcing bars is given by:

16 .44 60

Mu = A s f y d = 0.90 16 .44 60 4.64 5.5 15 12 12

2

= 1752 k ft > 1657 OK

The shearing resistance at the interface of the existing footing and the overlay
that is required to develop composite behavior is:

int erface =

Vfooting Q
Ib

450(1.0 15 2.0 )
= 5.76 k/ft 2
1
5 3 15 15
12

Therefore, the resistance provided by #5 dowels drilled and bonded in a 5 inch

deep hole is:
E1-39

 u = v dowel = 0.85 8.2 = 6.97 kips > 5.76 OK

A pattern of #5 dowels at 12 inches on center in both directions will be sufficient
to resist horizontal shear stresses. Similar overlays will be required on the
remaining footings with the exception of Bent 4, which must have piles added for
flexural strength.

E1-40

2. Footing Retrofit (With Additional Piles)

Only at Bent 4 is the foundation rotational displacement capacity inadequate. In
this case piles will either plunge or uplift an excessive amount. To prevent this,
foundation flexural strength must be increased. This is accomplished by adding
8 - 16 diameter cast-in-drilled hole (CIDH) piles. Because piles must be
installed under the existing superstructure, CIDH piles are used for
constructability reasons. This results in more than enough additional flexural
capacity, but is the minimum number of piles required to achieve a symmetric
pile pattern. The additional piles will increase both the positive and negative
moment demands on the footings.

M fpos

5 .0
5. 0
d
d

4 + 4 180 4.5
4
= Np1C p x 1 e + Np2 C p x 2 e = 2 180 7.33

2
2
2
2

= 3482 k ft

M fneg

5 .0
5 .0
d
d

4 + 4 90 4.5
4
= Np1Tp x 1 e + Np 2 Tp x 2 e = 2 90 7.33

2
2
2
2

= 1741 k ft

Positive moment will be resisted by the bottom reinforcement. Because

additional footing width will be added to accommodate the 8 new piles, additional
bottom bars can be added. Existing bottom bars can be extended into the
widened portion of the footing by exposing the ends of these bars and welding or
mechanically splicing an additional length of bar onto the ends of these existing
bars. Therefore, check the capacity of the existing bottom bars.

Mcexist

12 1.0 60

0
.
85

5
.
5

12

12

12

= 2783 k ft
= A s f y d = 0.9 12 1.0 60 4.34
2

There is room to add 6 extra bottom bars in the widened portions of the footing.
The capacity of these additional bars is:

E1-41

6 1.0 60

Mcnew = A s f y d = 0.9 6 1.0 60 4.34 0.85 3.5 5.67 12 12 = 1382 k ft

2
2

Mctotal = Mcexist + Mcnew = 2783 + 1382 = 4165 k ft > 3482 OK

Negative moment can be resisted with an overlay similar to the one designed for
the remaining footings.
Therefore, use 8 new 16 diameter cast-in-drilled hole piles in a footing enlarged
to 17-8 square and 5-0 deep. Use a 1-0 overlay with 16 - #6 bars in each
direction, # 5 drilled and bonded dowels at 12 on center in each direction, and 8
additional - #9 bars in each direction at the bottom of the footing. Details of the
column and footing retrofits are shown in Figure E1-12.

iv.

Hinge Retrofit
1. Pipe Seat Extenders

The hinge seat is not wide enough to accommodate the longitudinal movement at
the expansion joint hinge. In addition, the transverse shear keys are not strong
enough to resist the transverse forces developed during the design earthquake.
These problems can be overcome by using 8 xx strong pipe seat extenders that
were developed by Caltrans after the 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake. These seat
extenders will allow 8 of relative longitudinal displacement at the hinges, which
is sufficient to accommodate the 7.6 inches of longitudinal displacement demand.
In addition, these seat extenders will serve as supplemental transverse shear
keys. Test performed by Caltrans have demonstrated that in addition to
accommodating 8 inches of relative displacement, these devises are able to
carry 180 kips of horizontal shear. Because it is assumed that the maximum
transverse shear demand will not occur at the same time as the maximum
relative longitudinal displacement, the existing concrete shear keys will
participate in the resistance to transverse forces. Therefore, the additional shear
capacity required from the seat extenders is given by:

Vdpipeextenders = L f Vd Vkeys = 1.3(1076 536 ) = 702 kips

Notice that a load factor of 1.3 was used to account for misalignment tolerances
of the individual pipe extender units. The required number of seat extenders is
determined as follows:
Npipeextenders =

Vdpipeextenders
180

= 3.9 Use 4 pipe extender units.

E1-42

Expansion joint hinge diaphragm bolsters are used to anchor the pipe seat
extenders.
2. Longitudinal Cable Restrainers
Some jurisdictions will use a minimum of two longitudinal cable restrainer units in
conjunction with the seat extenders. These are optional unless it is necessary to
restrain the relative longitudinal displacements at the hinges. In this example,
restrainer units will not be specified. Figure E1-13 includes details of the
expansion joint hinge retrofit.

E1-44

Appendix E1-1

E1-46

!-------------------------------------------------------------------!
RETROFIT EXAMPLE 1 - LONGITUDINAL PUSHOVER
!
File : RETEX1
!
FOUNDATION SPRINGS,
!
1. rotation and horiz. translation ==> elastic perfectly plastic
!
2. vert. dir. ==> Fixed
!
Longitudinal direction,
!
Push Each frame at superstructure level
!
Units: kips, ft
!
!
!
NOTE :
!
1. 2/3/2004 rvn
!-------------------------------------------------------------------*STARTXX
retex1
0 1 1 0
F
EXAMPLE PROBLEM LONGITUDINAL
!-------------------------------------------------------------------*NODECOORDS
! ----------------------------! NODES
! for Longitudinal dir
! ----------------------------!
Superstructure
C
101
0.00
100.0
C
102
73.71
100.0
C
201
76.71
100.0
! Bent 2
C
202
79.71
100.0
C
203
195.68
100.0
C
301
198.68
100.0
! Bent 3
C
302
201.68
100.0
C
303
221.46
100.0
C
304
241.33
100.0
C
305
261.19
100.0
! Hinge
C
306
261.19
100.0
! Hinge
C
307
269.44
100.0
C
401
271.94
100.0
! Bent 4
C
402
274.44
100.0
C
403
325.79
100.0
C
501
328.29
100.0
! Bent 5
C
502
330.79
100.0
C
503
383.79
100.0
C
601
386.29
100.0
! Bent 6
C
602
388.79
100.0
C
603
448.28
100.0
!
Bent 2 Column and Foundation
C
210
76.71
95.79
C
220
76.71
75.79
C
230
76.71
75.79
!
Bent 3 Column and Foundation
C
310
198.68
95.79
C
320
198.68
71.29
C
330
198.68
71.29
!
Bent 4 Column and Foundation
C
410
271.94
97.75
C
420
271.94
80.74
C
430
271.94
80.74
!
Bent 5 Column and Foundation
C
510
328.29
97.75
C
520
328.29
80.74
C
530
328.29
80.74

!
Bent 6 Column and Foundation
C
610
386.29
97.75
C
620
386.29
80.74
C
630
386.29
80.74
!-------------------------------------------------------------------*RESTRAINTS
!
S 010
101
! ABUT 1
S 111
230
! BENT 2 SPRINGS
S 111
330
! BENT 3 SPRINGS
S 111
430
! BENT 4 SPRINGS
S 111
530
! BENT 5 SPRINGS
S 111
630
! BENT 6 SPRINGS
S 010
603
! ABUT 7
!-------------------------------------------------------------------*SLAVING
S 010
305
306
1
!-------------------------------------------------------------------!*MASSES
!-------------------------------------------------------------------*ELEMENTGROUP
!
! GROUP 1: SUPERSTRUCTURE
2
0
0
.00
SUPERSTRUCTURE
! stiffness types
7
0
1
1 6.62E+05
0.00
51.40
393.70
4
4
2
2 6.62E+05
0.00
179.55
10000.0
4
4
2
3 6.62E+05
0.00
49.49
325.99
4
4
2
4 6.62E+05
0.00
44.69
206.04
4
4
2
5 6.62E+05
0.00
41.79
116.32
4
4
2
6 6.62E+05
0.00
39.85
78.84
4
4
2
7 6.62E+05
0.00
93.24
10000.0
4
4
2
1
1
10E09
-10E09
! HIGH VALUE - NO YIELDING ASSUMED
! element generation
1
101
102
1
1
1
2
102
201
2
1
1
3
201
202
2
1
1
4
202
203
1
1
1
5
203
301
2
1
1
6
301
302
2
1
1
7
302
303
3
1
1
8
303
304
4
1
1
9
304
305
5
1
1
10
306
307
6
1
1
11
307
401
7
1
1
12
401
402
7
1
1
13
402
403
6
1
1
14
403
501
7
1
1
15
501
502
7
1
1
16
502
503
6
1
1
17
503
601
7
1
1
18
601
602
7
1
1
19
602
603
6
1
1
!-------------------------------------------------------------------*ELEMENTGROUP
! GROUP 2: Bent 2 & 3 Columns
2
0
1
.00
COLUMNS
! stiffness types
2
0
2

1 6.62E+05
0.00
28.3 100000.00
4
4
2 ! rigid links
2 6.62E+05
0.00
28.3
19.4
4
4
2 ! columns
1
1
10E09
-10E09
! RIGID LINK
2
3
7895.
-7895.
35000
-3625 3.17 .264 3.17 .264
! element generation
1
201
210
1
1
1
1
2
210
220
1
2
2
2
3
301
310
1
1
1
1
4
310
320
1
2
2
2
!-------------------------------------------------------------------*ELEMENTGROUP
! GROUP 3: Bent 4 THRU 6 Columns
2
0
1
.00
COLUMNS
! stiffness types
2
0
2
1 6.62E+05
0.00
19.6 100000.00
4
4
2 ! rigid links
2 6.62E+05
0.00
19.6
9.9
4
4
2 ! columns
1
1
10E09
-10E09
! RIGID LINK
2
3
5556.
-5556.
21000.
-3522. 4.54 .333 4.54 .333
! element generation
1
401
410
1
1
1
1
2
410
420
1
2
2
2
3
501
510
1
1
1
1
4
510
520
1
2
2
2
5
601
610
1
1
1
1
6
610
620
1
2
2
2
!------------------------------------------------------------------*ELEMENTGROUP
! GROUP 4: Bent foundation Springs
4
0
0
.00
PILE SPRINGS
! stiffness types
5
1
14880
0.00
1240
-1240
1
1
1 ! horizontal
springs
2
9984
0.00
832
-832
1
1
1
3
875000
0.00
12150
-12150
1
3
1 ! rotational
springs
4
332000
0.00
6150
-6150
1
3
1
5
1000000
0.00
1000000 -1000000
1
2
1 ! vertical
! element generation
1
220
230
1
! horizontal springs
2
320
330
1
3
420
430
2
4
520
530
2
5
620
630
2
6
220
230
3
! rotational springs
7
320
330
3
8
420
430
4
9
520
530
4
10
620
630
4
11
220
230
5
! vertical springs
12
320
330
5
13
420
430
5
14
520
530
5
15
620
630
5
!----------------------------------------------------------------------------*RESULTS
NSD
001
201
! TOP OF PIER 2
NSD
001
301
! TOP OF PIER 3
NSD
001
401
! TOP OF PIER 4

NSD
001
501
! TOP OF PIER 5
NSD
001
601
! TOP OF PIER 6
!
E
001
2
2
! TOP OF COLUMN 2
!
E
001
2
4
! TOP OF COLUMN 3
!
E
001
3
2
! TOP OF COLUMN 4
!
E
001
3
4
! TOP OF COLUMN 5
!
E
001
3
6
! TOP OF COLUMN 6
!
E
001
4
1
10 ! FOUNDATION SPRINGS
!-------------------------------------------------------------------*NODALOAD
PUS1
FRAME 1 PUSHOVER PATTERN
S
1.0
0.0
201
!-------------------------------------------------------------------*NODALOAD
PUS2
FRAME 2 PUSHOVER PATTERN
S
1.0
0.0
401
!-------------------------------------------------------------------*PARAMETERS
OS
1
0
-1
0
!-------------------------------------------------------------------*GRAV
Gravity Load Analysis
I
32.2
0
-1
! Gravity
!-------------------------------------------------------------------*STAT
Nonlinear pushover analysis
N
PUS1
D
201
1
0.01
0.500
!--------------------------------------------------------------------*STAT
Nonlinear pushover analysis
N
PUS2
D
401
1
0.01
0.500
!--------------------------------------------------------------------*STOP

!-------------------------------------------------------------------!
RETROFIT EXAMPLE 1 - LONGITUDINAL PUSHOVER
!
File : RETEXA
!
FOUNDATION SPRINGS,
!
1. rotation and horiz. translation ==> elastic perfectly plastic
!
2. vert. dir. ==> Fixed
!
Longitudinal direction,
!
Push Each frame at superstructure level
!
Units: kips, ft
!
!
!
NOTE :
!
1. 2/3/2004 rvn
!
2. 9/15/2004 revised by rvn
!-------------------------------------------------------------------*STARTXX
retexa
0 1 1 0
F
EXAMPLE PROBLEM LONGITUDINAL
!-------------------------------------------------------------------*NODECOORDS
! ----------------------------! NODES
! for Longitudinal dir
! ----------------------------!
Superstructure
C
101
0.00
100.0
C
102
73.71
100.0
C
201
76.71
100.0
! Bent 2
C
202
79.71
100.0
C
203
195.68
100.0
C
301
198.68
100.0
! Bent 3
C
302
201.68
100.0
C
303
221.46
100.0
C
304
241.33
100.0
C
305
261.19
100.0
! Hinge
C
306
261.19
100.0
! Hinge
C
307
269.44
100.0
C
401
271.94
100.0
! Bent 4
C
402
274.44
100.0
C
403
325.79
100.0
C
501
328.29
100.0
! Bent 5
C
502
330.79
100.0
C
503
383.79
100.0
C
601
386.29
100.0
! Bent 6
C
602
388.79
100.0
C
603
448.28
100.0
!
Bent 2 Column and Foundation
C
210
76.71
95.79
C
220
76.71
75.79
C
230
76.71
75.79
!
Bent 3 Column and Foundation
C
310
198.68
95.79
C
320
198.68
71.29
C
330
198.68
71.29
!
Bent 4 Column and Foundation
C
410
271.94
97.75
C
420
271.94
80.74
C
430
271.94
80.74
!
Bent 5 Column and Foundation
C
510
328.29
97.75
C
520
328.29
80.74

C
530
328.29
80.74
!
Bent 6 Column and Foundation
C
610
386.29
97.75
C
620
386.29
80.74
C
630
386.29
80.74
!-------------------------------------------------------------------*RESTRAINTS
!
S 010
101
! ABUT 1
S 111
230
! BENT 2 SPRINGS
S 111
330
! BENT 3 SPRINGS
S 111
430
! BENT 4 SPRINGS
S 111
530
! BENT 5 SPRINGS
S 111
630
! BENT 6 SPRINGS
S 010
603
! ABUT 7
!-------------------------------------------------------------------*SLAVING
S 010
305
306
1
!-------------------------------------------------------------------*MASSES
S 010
1157.0
201
32.2
S 010
1069.0
301
S 010
448.0
401
S 010
457.0
501
S 010
545.0
601
!-------------------------------------------------------------------*ELEMENTGROUP
!
! GROUP 1: SUPERSTRUCTURE
2
0
0
.00
SUPERSTRUCTURE
! stiffness types
7
0
1
1 6.62E+05
0.00
51.40
393.70
4
4
2
2 6.62E+05
0.00
179.55
10000.0
4
4
2
3 6.62E+05
0.00
49.49
325.99
4
4
2
4 6.62E+05
0.00
44.69
206.04
4
4
2
5 6.62E+05
0.00
41.79
116.32
4
4
2
6 6.62E+05
0.00
39.85
78.84
4
4
2
7 6.62E+05
0.00
93.24
10000.0
4
4
2
1
1
10E09
-10E09
! HIGH VALUE - NO YIELDING ASSUMED
! element generation
1
101
102
1
1
1
2
102
201
2
1
1
3
201
202
2
1
1
4
202
203
1
1
1
5
203
301
2
1
1
6
301
302
2
1
1
7
302
303
3
1
1
8
303
304
4
1
1
9
304
305
5
1
1
10
306
307
6
1
1
11
307
401
7
1
1
12
401
402
7
1
1
13
402
403
6
1
1
14
403
501
7
1
1
15
501
502
7
1
1
16
502
503
6
1
1
17
503
601
7
1
1
18
601
602
7
1
1
19
602
603
6
1
1

!-------------------------------------------------------------------*ELEMENTGROUP
! GROUP 2: Bent 2 & 3 Columns
2
0
1
.00
COLUMNS
! stiffness types
2
0
2
1 6.62E+05
0.00
28.3 100000.00
4
4
2 ! rigid links
2 6.62E+05
0.00
28.3
19.4
4
4
2 ! columns
1
1
10E09
-10E09
! RIGID LINK
2
3
7895.
-7895.
35000
-3625 3.17 .264 3.17 .264
! element generation
1
201
210
1
1
1
1
2
210
220
1
2
2
2
3
301
310
1
1
1
1
4
310
320
1
2
2
2
!-------------------------------------------------------------------*ELEMENTGROUP
! GROUP 3: Bent 4 THRU 6 Columns
2
0
1
.00
COLUMNS
! stiffness types
2
0
2
1 6.62E+05
0.00
19.6 100000.00
4
4
2 ! rigid links
2 6.62E+05
0.00
19.6
9.9
4
4
2 ! columns
1
1
10E09
-10E09
! RIGID LINK
2
3
5556.
-5556.
21000.
-3522. 4.54 .333 4.54 .333
! element generation
1
401
410
1
1
1
1
2
410
420
1
2
2
2
3
501
510
1
1
1
1
4
510
520
1
2
2
2
5
601
610
1
1
1
1
6
610
620
1
2
2
2
!------------------------------------------------------------------*ELEMENTGROUP
! GROUP 4: Bent foundation Springs
4
0
0
.00
PILE SPRINGS
! stiffness types
5
1
14880
0.00
1240
-1240
1
1
1 ! horizontal
springs
2
9984
0.00
832
-832
1
1
1
3
875000
0.00
12150
-12150
1
3
1 ! rotational
springs
4
332000
0.00
6150
-6150
1
3
1
5
1000000
0.00
1000000 -1000000
1
2
1 ! vertical
! element generation
1
220
230
1
! horizontal springs
2
320
330
1
3
420
430
2
4
520
530
2
5
620
630
2
6
220
230
3
! rotational springs
7
320
330
3
8
420
430
4
9
520
530
4
10
620
630
4
11
220
230
5
! vertical springs
12
320
330
5
13
420
430
5
14
520
530
5

15
620
630
5
!----------------------------------------------------------------------------*RESULTS
NSD
001
201
! TOP OF PIER 2
NSD
001
301
! TOP OF PIER 3
NSD
001
401
! TOP OF PIER 4
NSD
001
501
! TOP OF PIER 5
NSD
001
601
! TOP OF PIER 6
!
E
001
2
2
! TOP OF COLUMN 2
!
E
001
2
4
! TOP OF COLUMN 3
!
E
001
3
2
! TOP OF COLUMN 4
!
E
001
3
4
! TOP OF COLUMN 5
!
E
001
3
6
! TOP OF COLUMN 6
!
E
001
4
1
10 ! FOUNDATION SPRINGS
!-------------------------------------------------------------------*NODALOAD
PUS1
FRAME 1 PUSHOVER PATTERN
S
1.0
0.0
201
!-------------------------------------------------------------------*PARAMETERS
OS
1
0
-1
0
!-------------------------------------------------------------------*GRAV
Gravity Load Analysis
I
32.2
0
-1
! Gravity
!-------------------------------------------------------------------*STAT
Nonlinear pushover analysis
N
PUS1
D
201
1
0.01
0.750
!--------------------------------------------------------------------*STOP

!-------------------------------------------------------------------!
RETROFIT EXAMPLE 1 - LONGITUDINAL PUSHOVER
!
File : RETEXB
!
FOUNDATION SPRINGS,
!
1. rotation and horiz. translation ==> elastic perfectly plastic
!
2. vert. dir. ==> Fixed
!
Longitudinal direction,
!
Push Each frame at superstructure level
!
Units: kips, ft
!
!
!
NOTE :
!
1. 2/3/2004 rvn
!-------------------------------------------------------------------*STARTXX
retexb
0 1 1 0
F
EXAMPLE PROBLEM LONGITUDINAL
!-------------------------------------------------------------------*NODECOORDS
! ----------------------------! NODES
! for Longitudinal dir
! ----------------------------!
Superstructure
C
101
0.00
100.0
C
102
73.71
100.0
C
201
76.71
100.0
! Bent 2
C
202
79.71
100.0
C
203
195.68
100.0
C
301
198.68
100.0
! Bent 3
C
302
201.68
100.0
C
303
221.46
100.0
C
304
241.33
100.0
C
305
261.19
100.0
! Hinge
C
306
261.19
100.0
! Hinge
C
307
269.44
100.0
C
401
271.94
100.0
! Bent 4
C
402
274.44
100.0
C
403
325.79
100.0
C
501
328.29
100.0
! Bent 5
C
502
330.79
100.0
C
503
383.79
100.0
C
601
386.29
100.0
! Bent 6
C
602
388.79
100.0
C
603
448.28
100.0
!
Bent 2 Column and Foundation
C
210
76.71
95.79
C
220
76.71
75.79
C
230
76.71
75.79
!
Bent 3 Column and Foundation
C
310
198.68
95.79
C
320
198.68
71.29
C
330
198.68
71.29
!
Bent 4 Column and Foundation
C
410
271.94
97.75
C
420
271.94
80.74
C
430
271.94
80.74
!
Bent 5 Column and Foundation
C
510
328.29
97.75
C
520
328.29
80.74
C
530
328.29
80.74

!
Bent 6 Column and Foundation
C
610
386.29
97.75
C
620
386.29
80.74
C
630
386.29
80.74
!-------------------------------------------------------------------*RESTRAINTS
!
S 010
101
! ABUT 1
S 111
230
! BENT 2 SPRINGS
S 111
330
! BENT 3 SPRINGS
S 111
430
! BENT 4 SPRINGS
S 111
530
! BENT 5 SPRINGS
S 111
630
! BENT 6 SPRINGS
S 010
603
! ABUT 7
!-------------------------------------------------------------------*SLAVING
S 010
305
306
1
!-------------------------------------------------------------------*MASSES
S 010
1157.0
201
32.2
S 010
1069.0
301
S 010
448.0
401
S 010
457.0
501
S 010
545.0
601
!-------------------------------------------------------------------*ELEMENTGROUP
!
! GROUP 1: SUPERSTRUCTURE
2
0
0
.00
SUPERSTRUCTURE
! stiffness types
7
0
1
1 6.62E+05
0.00
51.40
393.70
4
4
2
2 6.62E+05
0.00
179.55
10000.0
4
4
2
3 6.62E+05
0.00
49.49
325.99
4
4
2
4 6.62E+05
0.00
44.69
206.04
4
4
2
5 6.62E+05
0.00
41.79
116.32
4
4
2
6 6.62E+05
0.00
39.85
78.84
4
4
2
7 6.62E+05
0.00
93.24
10000.0
4
4
2
1
1
10E09
-10E09
! HIGH VALUE - NO YIELDING ASSUMED
! element generation
1
101
102
1
1
1
2
102
201
2
1
1
3
201
202
2
1
1
4
202
203
1
1
1
5
203
301
2
1
1
6
301
302
2
1
1
7
302
303
3
1
1
8
303
304
4
1
1
9
304
305
5
1
1
10
306
307
6
1
1
11
307
401
7
1
1
12
401
402
7
1
1
13
402
403
6
1
1
14
403
501
7
1
1
15
501
502
7
1
1
16
502
503
6
1
1
17
503
601
7
1
1
18
601
602
7
1
1
19
602
603
6
1
1
!--------------------------------------------------------------------

*ELEMENTGROUP
! GROUP 2: Bent 2 & 3 Columns
2
0
1
.00
COLUMNS
! stiffness types
2
0
2
1 6.62E+05
0.00
28.3 100000.00
4
4
2 ! rigid links
2 6.62E+05
0.00
28.3
19.4
4
4
2 ! columns
1
1
10E09
-10E09
! RIGID LINK
2
3
7895.
-7895.
35000
-3625 3.17 .264 3.17 .264
! element generation
1
201
210
1
1
1
1
2
210
220
1
2
2
2
3
301
310
1
1
1
1
4
310
320
1
2
2
2
!-------------------------------------------------------------------*ELEMENTGROUP
! GROUP 3: Bent 4 THRU 6 Columns
2
0
1
.00
COLUMNS
! stiffness types
2
0
2
1 6.62E+05
0.00
19.6 100000.00
4
4
2 ! rigid links
2 6.62E+05
0.00
19.6
9.9
4
4
2 ! columns
1
1
10E09
-10E09
! RIGID LINK
2
3
5556.
-5556.
21000.
-3522. 4.54 .333 4.54 .333
! element generation
1
401
410
1
1
1
1
2
410
420
1
2
2
2
3
501
510
1
1
1
1
4
510
520
1
2
2
2
5
601
610
1
1
1
1
6
610
620
1
2
2
2
!------------------------------------------------------------------*ELEMENTGROUP
! GROUP 4: Bent foundation Springs
4
0
0
.00
PILE SPRINGS
! stiffness types
5
1
14880
0.00
1240
-1240
1
1
1 ! horizontal
springs
2
9984
0.00
832
-832
1
1
1
3
875000
0.00
12150
-12150
1
3
1 ! rotational
springs
4
332000
0.00
6150
-6150
1
3
1
5
1000000
0.00
1000000 -1000000
1
2
1 ! vertical
! element generation
1
220
230
1
! horizontal springs
2
320
330
1
3
420
430
2
4
520
530
2
5
620
630
2
6
220
230
3
! rotational springs
7
320
330
3
8
420
430
4
9
520
530
4
10
620
630
4
11
220
230
5
! vertical springs
12
320
330
5
13
420
430
5
14
520
530
5
15
620
630
5

!----------------------------------------------------------------------------*RESULTS
NSD
001
201
! TOP OF PIER 2
NSD
001
301
! TOP OF PIER 3
NSD
001
401
! TOP OF PIER 4
NSD
001
501
! TOP OF PIER 5
NSD
001
601
! TOP OF PIER 6
!
E
001
2
2
! TOP OF COLUMN 2
!
E
001
2
4
! TOP OF COLUMN 3
!
E
001
3
2
! TOP OF COLUMN 4
!
E
001
3
4
! TOP OF COLUMN 5
!
E
001
3
6
! TOP OF COLUMN 6
!
E
001
4
1
10 ! FOUNDATION SPRINGS
!-------------------------------------------------------------------*NODALOAD
PUS2
FRAME 2 PUSHOVER PATTERN
S
1.0
0.0
401
!-------------------------------------------------------------------*PARAMETERS
OS
1
0
-1
0
!-------------------------------------------------------------------*GRAV
Gravity Load Analysis
I
32.2
0
-1
! Gravity
!--------------------------------------------------------------------*STAT
Nonlinear pushover analysis
N
PUS2
D
401
1
0.01
0.750
!--------------------------------------------------------------------*STOP

!-------------------------------------------------------------------!
RETROFIT EXAMPLE 1 - TRANSVERSE BENT 2 PUSHOVER
!
File : RETBT2
!
FOUNDATION SPRINGS,
!
1. rotation and horiz. translation ==> elastic perfectly plastic
!
2. vert. dir. ==> Fixed
!
Transverse direction,
!
Push column at superstructure level
!
Units: kips, ft
!
!
!
NOTE :
!
1. 2/3/2004 rvn
!
2. 9/14/2004 rvn
!-------------------------------------------------------------------*STARTXX
retBT2
0 1 1 0
F
EXAMPLE PROBLEM TRANSVERSE B2
!-------------------------------------------------------------------*NODECOORDS
! ----------------------------! NODES
! for Transverse B2 dir
! ----------------------------!
Superstructure
C
201
76.71
100.0
! Bent 2
!
Bent 2 Column and Foundation
C
210
76.71
95.79
C
220
76.71
75.79
C
230
76.71
75.79
!-------------------------------------------------------------------*RESTRAINTS
!
S 111
230
! BENT 2 SPRINGS
!-------------------------------------------------------------------!*MASSES
!-------------------------------------------------------------------*ELEMENTGROUP
! GROUP 2: Bent 2 Column
2
0
1
.00
COLUMNS
! stiffness types
2
0
2
1 6.62E+05
0.00
28.3 100000.00
4
4
2 ! rigid links
2 6.62E+05
0.00
28.3
19.4
4
4
2 ! columns
1
1
10E09
-10E09
! RIGID LINK
2
3
7895.
-7895.
35000
-3625 3.17 .264 3.17 .264
! element generation
1
201
210
1
1
1
1
2
210
220
1
2
2
2
!-------------------------------------------------------------------*ELEMENTGROUP
! GROUP 4: Bent foundation Springs
4
0
0
.00
PILE SPRINGS
! stiffness types
3
1
14880
0.00
1240
-1240
1
1
1 ! horizontal
springs
2
875000
0.00
12150
-12150
1
3
1 ! rotational
springs
3
1000000
0.00
1000000 -1000000
1
2
1 ! vertical
! element generation

1
220
230
1
! horizontal springs
2
220
230
2
! rotational springs
3
220
230
3
! vertical springs
!----------------------------------------------------------------------------*RESULTS
NSD
001
201
! TOP OF PIER 2
!
E
001
1
2
! TOP OF COLUMN 2
!
E
001
2
1
3 ! FOUNDATION SPRINGS
!-------------------------------------------------------------------*NODALOAD
PUS1
FRAME 1 PUSHOVER PATTERN
S
1.0
0.0
201
!-------------------------------------------------------------------*PARAMETERS
OS
1
0
-1
0
!-------------------------------------------------------------------*GRAV
Gravity Load Analysis
I
32.2
0
-1
! Gravity
!-------------------------------------------------------------------*STAT
Nonlinear pushover analysis
N
PUS1
D
201
1
0.01
1.500
!--------------------------------------------------------------------*STOP

!-------------------------------------------------------------------!
RETROFIT EXAMPLE 1 - TRANSVERSE BENT 3 PUSHOVER
!
File : RETBT3
!
FOUNDATION SPRINGS,
!
1. rotation and horiz. translation ==> elastic perfectly plastic
!
2. vert. dir. ==> Fixed
!
Transverse direction,
!
Push Each frame at superstructure level
!
Units: kips, ft
!
!
!
NOTE :
!
1. 2/3/2004 rvn
!
2. 9/14/2004 rvn
!-------------------------------------------------------------------*STARTXX
retbt3
0 1 1 0
F
EXAMPLE PROBLEM LONGITUDINAL
!-------------------------------------------------------------------*NODECOORDS
! ----------------------------! NODES
! for Transverse dir
! ----------------------------!
Superstructure
C
301
198.68
100.0
! Bent 3
!
Bent 3 Column and Foundation
C
310
198.68
95.79
C
320
198.68
71.29
C
330
198.68
71.29
!-------------------------------------------------------------------*RESTRAINTS
!
S 111
330
! BENT 3 SPRINGS
!-------------------------------------------------------------------*MASSES
S 010
33.2
301
!-------------------------------------------------------------------*ELEMENTGROUP
! GROUP 2: Bent 2 & 3 Columns
2
0
1
.00
COLUMNS
! stiffness types
2
0
2
1 6.62E+05
0.00
28.3 100000.00
4
4
2 ! rigid links
2 6.62E+05
0.00
28.3
19.4
4
4
2 ! columns
1
1
10E09
-10E09
! RIGID LINK
2
3
7895.
-7895.
35000
-3625 3.17 .264 3.17 .264
! element generation
1
301
310
1
1
1
1
2
310
320
1
2
2
2
*ELEMENTGROUP
! GROUP 4: Bent foundation Springs
4
0
0
.00
PILE SPRINGS
! stiffness types
3
1
14880
0.00
1240
-1240
1
1
1 ! horizontal
springs
2
875000
0.00
12150
-12150
1
3
1 ! rotational
springs
3
1000000
0.00
1000000 -1000000
1
2
1 ! vertical
! element generation

1
320
330
1
! horizontal springs
2
320
330
2
! rotational springs
3
320
330
3
! vertical springs
!----------------------------------------------------------------------------*RESULTS
NSD
001
301
! TOP OF PIER 3
!
E
001
1
2
! BOTTOM OF COLUMN 3
!
E
001
2
1
3 ! FOUNDATION SPRINGS
!-------------------------------------------------------------------*NODALOAD
PUS1
BENT 3 PUSHOVER PATTERN
S
1.0
0.0
301
!-------------------------------------------------------------------*PARAMETERS
OS
1
0
-1
0
!-------------------------------------------------------------------*GRAV
Gravity Load Analysis
I
32.2
0
-1
! Gravity
!-------------------------------------------------------------------*STAT
Nonlinear pushover analysis
N
PUS1
D
301
1
0.01
2.000
!--------------------------------------------------------------------*STOP

!-------------------------------------------------------------------!
RETROFIT EXAMPLE 1 - TRANSVERSE PUSHOVER - BT 4
!
File : RETBT4
!
FOUNDATION SPRINGS,
!
1. rotation and horiz. translation ==> elastic perfectly plastic
!
2. vert. dir. ==> Fixed
!
Transverse direction,
!
Push Each frame at superstructure level
!
Units: kips, ft
!
!
!
NOTE :
!
1. 2/3/2004 rvn
!
2. 9/15/2004 rvn
!-------------------------------------------------------------------*STARTXX
retbt4
0 1 1 0
F
EXAMPLE PROBLEM LONGITUDINAL
!-------------------------------------------------------------------*NODECOORDS
! ----------------------------! NODES
! for Transverse dir
! ----------------------------!
Superstructure
C
401
271.94
100.0
! Bent 4
!
Bent 4 Column and Foundation
C
410
271.94
97.75
C
420
271.94
80.74
C
430
271.94
80.74
!-------------------------------------------------------------------*RESTRAINTS
!
S 111
430
! BENT 4 SPRINGS
!-------------------------------------------------------------------*MASSES
S 010
448.0
401
32.2
!-------------------------------------------------------------------*ELEMENTGROUP
! GROUP 3: Bent 4 THRU 6 Columns
2
0
1
.00
COLUMNS
! stiffness types
2
0
2
1 6.62E+05
0.00
19.6 100000.00
4
4
2 ! rigid links
2 6.62E+05
0.00
19.6
9.9
4
4
2 ! columns
1
1
10E09
-10E09
! RIGID LINK
2
3
5556.
-5556.
21000.
-3522. 4.54 .333 4.54 .333
! element generation
1
401
410
1
1
1
1
2
410
420
1
2
2
2
!------------------------------------------------------------------*ELEMENTGROUP
! GROUP 4: Bent foundation Springs
4
0
0
.00
PILE SPRINGS
! stiffness types
3
1
9984
0.00
832
-832
1
1
1
2
332000
0.00
6150
-6150
1
3
1
3
1000000
0.00
1000000 -1000000
1
2
1 ! vertical
! element generation
1
420
430
1

2
420
430
2
3
420
430
3
!----------------------------------------------------------------------------*RESULTS
NSD
001
401
! TOP OF PIER 4
!
E
001
1
2
! BOTTOM OF COLUMN 4
!
E
001
2
1
3 ! FOUNDATION SPRINGS
!-------------------------------------------------------------------*NODALOAD
PUS2
BENT 4 PUSHOVER PATTERN
S
1.0
0.0
401
!-------------------------------------------------------------------*PARAMETERS
OS
1
0
-1
0
!-------------------------------------------------------------------*GRAV
Gravity Load Analysis
I
32.2
0
-1
! Gravity
!--------------------------------------------------------------------*STAT
Nonlinear pushover analysis
N
PUS2
D
401
1
0.01
2.000
!--------------------------------------------------------------------*STOP

!-------------------------------------------------------------------!
RETROFIT EXAMPLE 1 - TRANSVERSE PUSHOVER
!
File : RETBT5
!
FOUNDATION SPRINGS,
!
1. rotation and horiz. translation ==> elastic perfectly plastic
!
2. vert. dir. ==> Fixed
!
Transverse direction,
!
Push Each frame at superstructure level
!
Units: kips, ft
!
!
!
NOTE :
!
1. 2/3/2004 rvn
!
2. 9/19/2004 revised by rvn
!-------------------------------------------------------------------*STARTXX
retbt5
0 1 1 0
F
EXAMPLE PROBLEM TRANSVERSE
!-------------------------------------------------------------------*NODECOORDS
! ----------------------------! NODES
! for Transverse dir
! ----------------------------!
Superstructure
C
501
328.29
100.0
! Bent 5
!
Bent 5 Column and Foundation
C
510
328.29
97.75
C
520
328.29
80.74
C
530
328.29
80.74
!-------------------------------------------------------------------*RESTRAINTS
!
S 111
530
! BENT 5 SPRINGS
!-------------------------------------------------------------------*MASSES
S 010
457.0
501
32.2
!-------------------------------------------------------------------*ELEMENTGROUP
! GROUP 3: Bent 5
2
0
1
.00
COLUMNS
! stiffness types
2
0
2
1 6.62E+05
0.00
19.6 100000.00
4
4
2 ! rigid links
2 6.62E+05
0.00
19.6
9.9
4
4
2 ! columns
1
1
10E09
-10E09
! RIGID LINK
2
3
5556.
-5556.
21000.
-3522. 4.54 .333 4.54 .333
! element generation
1
501
510
1
1
1
1
2
510
520
1
2
2
2
!------------------------------------------------------------------*ELEMENTGROUP
! GROUP 4: Bent foundation Springs
4
0
0
.00
PILE SPRINGS
! stiffness types
3
1
9984
0.00
832
-832
1
1
1
2
332000
0.00
6150
-6150
1
3
1
3
1000000
0.00
1000000 -1000000
1
2
1 ! vertical
! element generation
1
520
530
1

2
520
530
2
3
520
530
3
!----------------------------------------------------------------------------*RESULTS
NSD
001
501
! TOP OF PIER 5
!
E
001
1
2
! TOP OF COLUMN 5
E
001
2
1
3 ! FOUNDATION SPRINGS
!-------------------------------------------------------------------*NODALOAD
PUS2
FRAME 2 PUSHOVER PATTERN
S
1.0
0.0
501
!-------------------------------------------------------------------*PARAMETERS
OS
1
0
-1
0
!-------------------------------------------------------------------*GRAV
Gravity Load Analysis
I
32.2
0
-1
! Gravity
!--------------------------------------------------------------------*STAT
Nonlinear pushover analysis
N
PUS2
D
501
1
0.01
1.500
!--------------------------------------------------------------------*STOP

!-------------------------------------------------------------------!
RETROFIT EXAMPLE 1 - TRANSVERSE PUSHOVER
!
File : RETBT6
!
FOUNDATION SPRINGS,
!
1. rotation and horiz. translation ==> elastic perfectly plastic
!
2. vert. dir. ==> Fixed
!
Transverse direction,
!
Push Bent at superstructure level
!
Units: kips, ft
!
!
!
NOTE :
!
1. 2/3/2004 rvn
!
2. 9/19/04 revised by rvn
!-------------------------------------------------------------------*STARTXX
retbt6
0 1 1 0
F
EXAMPLE PROBLEM TRANSVERSE
!-------------------------------------------------------------------*NODECOORDS
! ----------------------------! NODES
! for Transverse dir
! ----------------------------!
Superstructure
C
601
386.29
100.0
! Bent 6
!
Bent 6 Column and Foundation
C
610
386.29
97.75
C
620
386.29
80.74
C
630
386.29
80.74
!-------------------------------------------------------------------*RESTRAINTS
!
S 111
630
! BENT 6 SPRINGS
!-------------------------------------------------------------------*MASSES
S 010
545.0
601
32.2
!-------------------------------------------------------------------*ELEMENTGROUP
! GROUP 3: Bent 6 Column
2
0
1
.00
COLUMNS
! stiffness types
2
0
2
1 6.62E+05
0.00
19.6 100000.00
4
4
2 ! rigid links
2 6.62E+05
0.00
19.6
9.9
4
4
2 ! columns
1
1
10E09
-10E09
! RIGID LINK
2
3
5556.
-5556.
21000.
-3522. 4.54 .333 4.54 .333
! element generation
1
601
610
1
1
1
1
2
610
620
1
2
2
2
!------------------------------------------------------------------*ELEMENTGROUP
! GROUP 4: Bent foundation Springs
4
0
0
.00
PILE SPRINGS
! stiffness types
3
1
9984
0.00
832
-832
1
1
1
2
332000
0.00
6150
-6150
1
3
1
3
1000000
0.00
1000000 -1000000
1
2
1 ! vertical
! element generation
1
620
630
1

2
620
630
2
3
620
630
3
!----------------------------------------------------------------------------*RESULTS
NSD
001
601
! TOP OF PIER 6
!
E
001
1
2
! BOTTOM OF COLUMN 6
!
E
001
2
1
3 ! FOUNDATION SPRINGS
!-------------------------------------------------------------------*NODALOAD
PUS2
BENT 6 PUSHOVER PATTERN
S
1.0
0.0
601
!-------------------------------------------------------------------*PARAMETERS
OS
1
0
-1
0
!-------------------------------------------------------------------*GRAV
Gravity Load Analysis
I
32.2
0
-1
! Gravity
!--------------------------------------------------------------------*STAT
Nonlinear pushover analysis
N
PUS2
D
601
1
0.01
1.500
!--------------------------------------------------------------------*STOP

!-------------------------------------------------------------------!
RETROFIT EXAMPLE 1 - LONGITUDINAL PUSHOVER - STRATEGY EVALUATION
!
File : SETEXA
!
FOUNDATION SPRINGS,
!
1. rotation and horiz. translation ==> elastic perfectly plastic
!
2. vert. dir. ==> Fixed
!
Longitudinal direction,
!
Push Each frame at superstructure level
!
Units: kips, ft
!
!
!
NOTE :
!
1. 2/3/2004 rvn
!
2. 9/15/2004 revised by rvn
!-------------------------------------------------------------------*STARTXX
setexa
0 1 1 0
F
EXAMPLE PROBLEM LONGITUDINAL
!-------------------------------------------------------------------*NODECOORDS
! ----------------------------! NODES
! for Longitudinal dir
! ----------------------------!
Superstructure
C
101
0.00
100.0
C
102
73.71
100.0
C
201
76.71
100.0
! Bent 2
C
202
79.71
100.0
C
203
195.68
100.0
C
301
198.68
100.0
! Bent 3
C
302
201.68
100.0
C
303
221.46
100.0
C
304
241.33
100.0
C
305
261.19
100.0
! Hinge
C
306
261.19
100.0
! Hinge
C
307
269.44
100.0
C
401
271.94
100.0
! Bent 4
C
402
274.44
100.0
C
403
325.79
100.0
C
501
328.29
100.0
! Bent 5
C
502
330.79
100.0
C
503
383.79
100.0
C
601
386.29
100.0
! Bent 6
C
602
388.79
100.0
C
603
448.28
100.0
!
Bent 2 Column and Foundation
C
210
76.71
95.79
C
220
76.71
75.79
C
230
76.71
75.79
!
Bent 3 Column and Foundation
C
310
198.68
95.79
C
320
198.68
71.29
C
330
198.68
71.29
!
Bent 4 Column and Foundation
C
410
271.94
97.75
C
420
271.94
80.74
C
430
271.94
80.74
!
Bent 5 Column and Foundation
C
510
328.29
97.75
C
520
328.29
80.74

C
530
328.29
80.74
!
Bent 6 Column and Foundation
C
610
386.29
97.75
C
620
386.29
80.74
C
630
386.29
80.74
!-------------------------------------------------------------------*RESTRAINTS
!
S 010
101
! ABUT 1
S 111
230
! BENT 2 SPRINGS
S 111
330
! BENT 3 SPRINGS
S 111
430
! BENT 4 SPRINGS
S 111
530
! BENT 5 SPRINGS
S 111
630
! BENT 6 SPRINGS
S 010
603
! ABUT 7
!-------------------------------------------------------------------*SLAVING
S 010
305
306
1
!-------------------------------------------------------------------*MASSES
S 010
1157.0
201
32.2
S 010
1069.0
301
S 010
448.0
401
S 010
457.0
501
S 010
545.0
601
!-------------------------------------------------------------------*ELEMENTGROUP
!
! GROUP 1: SUPERSTRUCTURE
2
0
0
.00
SUPERSTRUCTURE
! stiffness types
7
0
1
1 6.62E+05
0.00
51.40
393.70
4
4
2
2 6.62E+05
0.00
179.55
10000.0
4
4
2
3 6.62E+05
0.00
49.49
325.99
4
4
2
4 6.62E+05
0.00
44.69
206.04
4
4
2
5 6.62E+05
0.00
41.79
116.32
4
4
2
6 6.62E+05
0.00
39.85
78.84
4
4
2
7 6.62E+05
0.00
93.24
10000.0
4
4
2
1
1
10E09
-10E09
! HIGH VALUE - NO YIELDING ASSUMED
! element generation
1
101
102
1
1
1
2
102
201
2
1
1
3
201
202
2
1
1
4
202
203
1
1
1
5
203
301
2
1
1
6
301
302
2
1
1
7
302
303
3
1
1
8
303
304
4
1
1
9
304
305
5
1
1
10
306
307
6
1
1
11
307
401
7
1
1
12
401
402
7
1
1
13
402
403
6
1
1
14
403
501
7
1
1
15
501
502
7
1
1
16
502
503
6
1
1
17
503
601
7
1
1
18
601
602
7
1
1
19
602
603
6
1
1

!-------------------------------------------------------------------*ELEMENTGROUP
! GROUP 2: Bent 2 & 3 Columns
2
0
1
.00
COLUMNS
! stiffness types
2
0
2
1 6.62E+05
0.00
28.3 100000.00
4
4
2 ! rigid links
2 6.62E+05
0.00
28.3
19.4
4
4
2 ! columns
1
1
10E09
-10E09
! RIGID LINK
2
3
7895.
-7895.
35000
-3625 3.17 .264 3.17 .264
! element generation
1
201
210
1
1
1
1
2
210
220
1
2
2
2
3
301
310
1
1
1
1
4
310
320
1
2
2
2
!-------------------------------------------------------------------*ELEMENTGROUP
! GROUP 3: Bent 4 THRU 6 Columns
2
0
1
.00
COLUMNS
! stiffness types
2
0
2
1 6.62E+05
0.00
19.6 100000.00
4
4
2 ! rigid links
2 6.62E+05
0.00
19.6
9.9
4
4
2 ! columns
1
1
10E09
-10E09
! RIGID LINK
2
3
5556.
-5556.
21000.
-3522. 4.54 .333 4.54 .333
! element generation
1
401
410
1
1
1
1
2
410
420
1
2
2
2
3
501
510
1
1
1
1
4
510
520
1
2
2
2
5
601
610
1
1
1
1
6
610
620
1
2
2
2
!------------------------------------------------------------------*ELEMENTGROUP
! GROUP 4: Bent foundation Springs
4
0
0
.00
PILE SPRINGS
! stiffness types
5
1
14880
0.00
1240
-1240
1
1
1 ! horizontal
springs
2
9984
0.00
832
-832
1
1
1
3
875000
0.00
12150
-12150
1
3
1 ! rotational
springs
4
332000
0.00
9225
-9225
1
3
1
5
1000000
0.00
1000000 -1000000
1
2
1 ! vertical
! element generation
1
220
230
1
! horizontal springs
2
320
330
1
3
420
430
2
4
520
530
2
5
620
630
2
6
220
230
3
! rotational springs
7
320
330
3
8
420
430
4
9
520
530
4
10
620
630
4
11
220
230
5
! vertical springs
12
320
330
5
13
420
430
5
14
520
530
5

15
620
630
5
!----------------------------------------------------------------------------*RESULTS
NSD
001
201
! TOP OF PIER 2
NSD
001
301
! TOP OF PIER 3
NSD
001
401
! TOP OF PIER 4
NSD
001
501
! TOP OF PIER 5
NSD
001
601
! TOP OF PIER 6
!
E
001
2
2
! TOP OF COLUMN 2
!
E
001
2
4
! TOP OF COLUMN 3
!
E
001
3
2
! TOP OF COLUMN 4
!
E
001
3
4
! TOP OF COLUMN 5
!
E
001
3
6
! TOP OF COLUMN 6
!
E
001
4
1
10 ! FOUNDATION SPRINGS
!-------------------------------------------------------------------*NODALOAD
PUS1
FRAME 1 PUSHOVER PATTERN
S
1.0
0.0
201
!-------------------------------------------------------------------*PARAMETERS
OS
1
0
-1
0
!-------------------------------------------------------------------*GRAV
Gravity Load Analysis
I
32.2
0
-1
! Gravity
!-------------------------------------------------------------------*STAT
Nonlinear pushover analysis
N
PUS1
D
201
1
0.01
1.000
!--------------------------------------------------------------------*STOP

!-------------------------------------------------------------------!
RETROFIT EXAMPLE 1 - LONGITUDINAL PUSHOVER - STRATEGY EVALUATION
!
File : SETEXB
!
FOUNDATION SPRINGS,
!
1. rotation and horiz. translation ==> elastic perfectly plastic
!
2. vert. dir. ==> Fixed
!
Longitudinal direction,
!
Push Each frame at superstructure level
!
Units: kips, ft
!
!
!
NOTE :
!
1. 2/3/2004 rvn
!
2. 9/21/2004 rvn
!-------------------------------------------------------------------*STARTXX
setexb
0 1 1 0
F
EXAMPLE PROBLEM LONGITUDINAL
!-------------------------------------------------------------------*NODECOORDS
! ----------------------------! NODES
! for Longitudinal dir
! ----------------------------!
Superstructure
C
101
0.00
100.0
C
102
73.71
100.0
C
201
76.71
100.0
! Bent 2
C
202
79.71
100.0
C
203
195.68
100.0
C
301
198.68
100.0
! Bent 3
C
302
201.68
100.0
C
303
221.46
100.0
C
304
241.33
100.0
C
305
261.19
100.0
! Hinge
C
306
261.19
100.0
! Hinge
C
307
269.44
100.0
C
401
271.94
100.0
! Bent 4
C
402
274.44
100.0
C
403
325.79
100.0
C
501
328.29
100.0
! Bent 5
C
502
330.79
100.0
C
503
383.79
100.0
C
601
386.29
100.0
! Bent 6
C
602
388.79
100.0
C
603
448.28
100.0
!
Bent 2 Column and Foundation
C
210
76.71
95.79
C
220
76.71
75.79
C
230
76.71
75.79
!
Bent 3 Column and Foundation
C
310
198.68
95.79
C
320
198.68
71.29
C
330
198.68
71.29
!
Bent 4 Column and Foundation
C
410
271.94
97.75
C
420
271.94
80.74
C
430
271.94
80.74
!
Bent 5 Column and Foundation
C
510
328.29
97.75
C
520
328.29
80.74

C
530
328.29
80.74
!
Bent 6 Column and Foundation
C
610
386.29
97.75
C
620
386.29
80.74
C
630
386.29
80.74
!-------------------------------------------------------------------*RESTRAINTS
!
S 010
101
! ABUT 1
S 111
230
! BENT 2 SPRINGS
S 111
330
! BENT 3 SPRINGS
S 111
430
! BENT 4 SPRINGS
S 111
530
! BENT 5 SPRINGS
S 111
630
! BENT 6 SPRINGS
S 010
603
! ABUT 7
!-------------------------------------------------------------------*SLAVING
S 010
305
306
1
!-------------------------------------------------------------------*MASSES
S 010
1157.0
201
32.2
S 010
1069.0
301
S 010
448.0
401
S 010
457.0
501
S 010
545.0
601
!-------------------------------------------------------------------*ELEMENTGROUP
!
! GROUP 1: SUPERSTRUCTURE
2
0
0
.00
SUPERSTRUCTURE
! stiffness types
7
0
1
1 6.62E+05
0.00
51.40
393.70
4
4
2
2 6.62E+05
0.00
179.55
10000.0
4
4
2
3 6.62E+05
0.00
49.49
325.99
4
4
2
4 6.62E+05
0.00
44.69
206.04
4
4
2
5 6.62E+05
0.00
41.79
116.32
4
4
2
6 6.62E+05
0.00
39.85
78.84
4
4
2
7 6.62E+05
0.00
93.24
10000.0
4
4
2
1
1
10E09
-10E09
! HIGH VALUE - NO YIELDING ASSUMED
! element generation
1
101
102
1
1
1
2
102
201
2
1
1
3
201
202
2
1
1
4
202
203
1
1
1
5
203
301
2
1
1
6
301
302
2
1
1
7
302
303
3
1
1
8
303
304
4
1
1
9
304
305
5
1
1
10
306
307
6
1
1
11
307
401
7
1
1
12
401
402
7
1
1
13
402
403
6
1
1
14
403
501
7
1
1
15
501
502
7
1
1
16
502
503
6
1
1
17
503
601
7
1
1
18
601
602
7
1
1
19
602
603
6
1
1

!-------------------------------------------------------------------*ELEMENTGROUP
! GROUP 2: Bent 2 & 3 Columns
2
0
1
.00
COLUMNS
! stiffness types
2
0
2
1 6.62E+05
0.00
28.3 100000.00
4
4
2 ! rigid links
2 6.62E+05
0.00
28.3
19.4
4
4
2 ! columns
1
1
10E09
-10E09
! RIGID LINK
2
3
7895.
-7895.
35000
-3625 3.17 .264 3.17 .264
! element generation
1
201
210
1
1
1
1
2
210
220
1
2
2
2
3
301
310
1
1
1
1
4
310
320
1
2
2
2
!-------------------------------------------------------------------*ELEMENTGROUP
! GROUP 3: Bent 4 THRU 6 Columns
2
0
1
.00
COLUMNS
! stiffness types
2
0
2
1 6.62E+05
0.00
19.6 100000.00
4
4
2 ! rigid links
2 6.62E+05
0.00
19.6
9.9
4
4
2 ! columns
1
1
10E09
-10E09
! RIGID LINK
2
3
5556.
-5556.
21000.
-3522. 4.54 .333 4.54 .333
! element generation
1
401
410
1
1
1
1
2
410
420
1
2
2
2
3
501
510
1
1
1
1
4
510
520
1
2
2
2
5
601
610
1
1
1
1
6
610
620
1
2
2
2
!------------------------------------------------------------------*ELEMENTGROUP
! GROUP 4: Bent foundation Springs
4
0
0
.00
PILE SPRINGS
! stiffness types
5
1
14880
0.00
1240
-1240
1
1
1 ! horizontal
springs
2
9984
0.00
1248
-1248
1
1
1
3
875000
0.00
12150
-12150
1
3
1 ! rotational
springs
4
332000
0.00
9225
-9225
1
3
1
5
1000000
0.00
1000000 -1000000
1
2
1 ! vertical
! element generation
1
220
230
1
! horizontal springs
2
320
330
1
3
420
430
2
4
520
530
2
5
620
630
2
6
220
230
3
! rotational springs
7
320
330
3
8
420
430
4
9
520
530
4
10
620
630
4
11
220
230
5
! vertical springs
12
320
330
5
13
420
430
5
14
520
530
5

15
620
630
5
!----------------------------------------------------------------------------*RESULTS
NSD
001
201
! TOP OF PIER 2
NSD
001
301
! TOP OF PIER 3
NSD
001
401
! TOP OF PIER 4
NSD
001
501
! TOP OF PIER 5
NSD
001
601
! TOP OF PIER 6
!
E
001
2
2
! TOP OF COLUMN 2
!
E
001
2
4
! TOP OF COLUMN 3
!
E
001
3
2
! TOP OF COLUMN 4
!
E
001
3
4
! TOP OF COLUMN 5
!
E
001
3
6
! TOP OF COLUMN 6
!
E
001
4
1
10 ! FOUNDATION SPRINGS
!-------------------------------------------------------------------*NODALOAD
PUS2
FRAME 2 PUSHOVER PATTERN
S
1.0
0.0
401
!-------------------------------------------------------------------*PARAMETERS
OS
1
0
-1
0
!-------------------------------------------------------------------*GRAV
Gravity Load Analysis
I
32.2
0
-1
! Gravity
!--------------------------------------------------------------------*STAT
Nonlinear pushover analysis
N
PUS2
D
401
1
0.01
1.000
!--------------------------------------------------------------------*STOP

!-------------------------------------------------------------------!
RETROFIT EXAMPLE 1 - TRANSVERSE PUSHOVER - BT 4
!
File : SETBT4
!
FOUNDATION SPRINGS,
!
1. rotation and horiz. translation ==> elastic perfectly plastic
!
2. vert. dir. ==> Fixed
!
Transverse direction,
!
Push Each frame at superstructure level
!
Units: kips, ft
!
!
!
NOTE :
!
1. 2/3/2004 rvn
!
2. 9/15/2004 rvn
!-------------------------------------------------------------------*STARTXX
setbt4
0 1 1 0
F
EXAMPLE PROBLEM LONGITUDINAL
!-------------------------------------------------------------------*NODECOORDS
! ----------------------------! NODES
! for Transverse dir
! ----------------------------!
Superstructure
C
401
271.94
100.0
! Bent 4
!
Bent 4 Column and Foundation
C
410
271.94
97.75
C
420
271.94
80.74
C
430
271.94
80.74
!-------------------------------------------------------------------*RESTRAINTS
!
S 111
430
! BENT 4 SPRINGS
!-------------------------------------------------------------------*MASSES
S 010
448.0
401
32.2
!-------------------------------------------------------------------*ELEMENTGROUP
! GROUP 3: Bent 4 THRU 6 Columns
2
0
1
.00
COLUMNS
! stiffness types
2
0
2
1 6.62E+05
0.00
19.6 100000.00
4
4
2 ! rigid links
2 6.62E+05
0.00
19.6
9.9
4
4
2 ! columns
1
1
10E09
-10E09
! RIGID LINK
2
3
5556.
-5556.
21000.
-3522. 4.54 .333 4.54 .333
! element generation
1
401
410
1
1
1
1
2
410
420
1
2
2
2
!------------------------------------------------------------------*ELEMENTGROUP
! GROUP 4: Bent foundation Springs
4
0
0
.00
PILE SPRINGS
! stiffness types
3
1
9984
0.00
1248
-1248
1
1
1
2
332000
0.00
9225
-9225
1
3
1
3
1000000
0.00
1000000 -1000000
1
2
1 ! vertical
! element generation
1
420
430
1

2
420
430
2
3
420
430
3
!----------------------------------------------------------------------------*RESULTS
NSD
001
401
! TOP OF PIER 4
!
E
001
1
2
! BOTTOM OF COLUMN 4
!
E
001
2
1
3 ! FOUNDATION SPRINGS
!-------------------------------------------------------------------*NODALOAD
PUS2
BENT 4 PUSHOVER PATTERN
S
1.0
0.0
401
!-------------------------------------------------------------------*PARAMETERS
OS
1
0
-1
0
!-------------------------------------------------------------------*GRAV
Gravity Load Analysis
I
32.2
0
-1
! Gravity
!--------------------------------------------------------------------*STAT
Nonlinear pushover analysis
N
PUS2
D
401
1
0.01
2.000
!--------------------------------------------------------------------*STOP

!-------------------------------------------------------------------!
RETROFIT EXAMPLE 1 - TRANSVERSE PUSHOVER
!
File : SETBT5
!
FOUNDATION SPRINGS,
!
1. rotation and horiz. translation ==> elastic perfectly plastic
!
2. vert. dir. ==> Fixed
!
Transverse direction,
!
Push Each frame at superstructure level
!
Units: kips, ft
!
!
!
NOTE :
!
1. 2/3/2004 rvn
!
2. 9/19/2004 revised by rvn
!-------------------------------------------------------------------*STARTXX
setbt5
0 1 1 0
F
EXAMPLE PROBLEM TRANSVERSE
!-------------------------------------------------------------------*NODECOORDS
! ----------------------------! NODES
! for Transverse dir
! ----------------------------!
Superstructure
C
501
328.29
100.0
! Bent 5
!
Bent 5 Column and Foundation
C
510
328.29
97.75
C
520
328.29
80.74
C
530
328.29
80.74
!-------------------------------------------------------------------*RESTRAINTS
!
S 111
530
! BENT 5 SPRINGS
!-------------------------------------------------------------------*MASSES
S 010
457.0
501
32.2
!-------------------------------------------------------------------*ELEMENTGROUP
! GROUP 3: Bent 5
2
0
1
.00
COLUMNS
! stiffness types
2
0
2
1 6.62E+05
0.00
19.6 100000.00
4
4
2 ! rigid links
2 6.62E+05
0.00
19.6
9.9
4
4
2 ! columns
1
1
10E09
-10E09
! RIGID LINK
2
3
5556.
-5556.
21000.
-3522. 4.54 .333 4.54 .333
! element generation
1
501
510
1
1
1
1
2
510
520
1
2
2
2
!------------------------------------------------------------------*ELEMENTGROUP
! GROUP 4: Bent foundation Springs
4
0
0
.00
PILE SPRINGS
! stiffness types
3
1
9984
0.00
1248
-1248
1
1
1
2
332000
0.00
9225
-9225
1
3
1
3
1000000
0.00
1000000 -1000000
1
2
1 ! vertical
! element generation
1
520
530
1

2
520
530
2
3
520
530
3
!----------------------------------------------------------------------------*RESULTS
NSD
001
501
! TOP OF PIER 5
!
E
001
1
2
! TOP OF COLUMN 5
E
001
2
1
3 ! FOUNDATION SPRINGS
!-------------------------------------------------------------------*NODALOAD
PUS2
FRAME 2 PUSHOVER PATTERN
S
1.0
0.0
501
!-------------------------------------------------------------------*PARAMETERS
OS
1
0
-1
0
!-------------------------------------------------------------------*GRAV
Gravity Load Analysis
I
32.2
0
-1
! Gravity
!--------------------------------------------------------------------*STAT
Nonlinear pushover analysis
N
PUS2
D
501
1
0.01
1.500
!--------------------------------------------------------------------*STOP

!-------------------------------------------------------------------!
RETROFIT EXAMPLE 1 - TRANSVERSE PUSHOVER
!
File : SETBT6
!
FOUNDATION SPRINGS,
!
1. rotation and horiz. translation ==> elastic perfectly plastic
!
2. vert. dir. ==> Fixed
!
Transverse direction,
!
Push Bent at superstructure level
!
Units: kips, ft
!
!
!
NOTE :
!
1. 2/3/2004 rvn
!
2. 9/19/04 revised by rvn
!-------------------------------------------------------------------*STARTXX
setbt6
0 1 1 0
F
EXAMPLE PROBLEM TRANSVERSE
!-------------------------------------------------------------------*NODECOORDS
! ----------------------------! NODES
! for Transverse dir
! ----------------------------!
Superstructure
C
601
386.29
100.0
! Bent 6
!
Bent 6 Column and Foundation
C
610
386.29
97.75
C
620
386.29
80.74
C
630
386.29
80.74
!-------------------------------------------------------------------*RESTRAINTS
!
S 111
630
! BENT 6 SPRINGS
!-------------------------------------------------------------------*MASSES
S 010
545.0
601
32.2
!-------------------------------------------------------------------*ELEMENTGROUP
! GROUP 3: Bent 6 Column
2
0
1
.00
COLUMNS
! stiffness types
2
0
2
1 6.62E+05
0.00
19.6 100000.00
4
4
2 ! rigid links
2 6.62E+05
0.00
19.6
9.9
4
4
2 ! columns
1
1
10E09
-10E09
! RIGID LINK
2
3
5556.
-5556.
21000.
-3522. 4.54 .333 4.54 .333
! element generation
1
601
610
1
1
1
1
2
610
620
1
2
2
2
!------------------------------------------------------------------*ELEMENTGROUP
! GROUP 4: Bent foundation Springs
4
0
0
.00
PILE SPRINGS
! stiffness types
3
1
9984
0.00
1248
-1248
1
1
1
2
332000
0.00
9225
-9225
1
3
1
3
1000000
0.00
1000000 -1000000
1
2
1 ! vertical
! element generation
1
620
630
1

2
620
630
2
3
620
630
3
!----------------------------------------------------------------------------*RESULTS
NSD
001
601
! TOP OF PIER 6
!
E
001
1
2
! BOTTOM OF COLUMN 6
!
E
001
2
1
3 ! FOUNDATION SPRINGS
!-------------------------------------------------------------------*NODALOAD
PUS2
BENT 6 PUSHOVER PATTERN
S
1.0
0.0
601
!-------------------------------------------------------------------*PARAMETERS
OS
1
0
-1
0
!-------------------------------------------------------------------*GRAV
Gravity Load Analysis
I
32.2
0
-1
! Gravity
!--------------------------------------------------------------------*STAT
Nonlinear pushover analysis
N
PUS2
D
601
1
0.01
1.500
!--------------------------------------------------------------------*STOP

Appendix E1-2

E1-47

SEISAB "EXAMPLE 1 - WEST COAST BRIDGE"

STATIC ANALYSIS
OUTPUT LEVEL 2
C AS-BUILT ANALYSIS
C ************************************
C
ALIGNMENT DATA BLOCK
*
C ************************************
ALIGNMENT OFFSET L 15.5
STATION 18 + 00.00
COORDINATES N 10000.00 E 10000.00
BEARING N 56 44 15 W
BC 18 + 85.15
RADIUS R 600.0
BEARING N 28 08 04 W
BC 21 + 84.68
RADIUS R 590.0
BEARING N 07 02 34 W
C ************************************
C
SPAN DATA BLOCK
*
C ************************************
SPANS
LENGTHS /1.0,74.6,3.0/,/3.0,118.97,3.0/, /3.0,20.34,20.35,20.35,8.52,2.5/,/2.5,52.73,2.5/, /2.5,54.43,2.5/,/2.5,60.01,1.0/
AREA /179.6,51.4,179.6/,/179.6,51.4,179.6/, /179.6,49.5,45.7,41.8,39.9,93.2/, /93.2,39.9,93.2/,/93.2,39.9,93.2/,/93.2,39.9,93.2/
I11 /2280,897,2280/,/2280,897,2280/, /2280,761,510,304,214,318/, /318,214,318/,/318,214,318/,/318,214,318/
I22 /9928,3855,9928/,/9928,3855,9928/, /9928,3717,3440,3161,3021,5552/, /5552,3021,5552/,/5552,3021,5552/,/5552,3021,5552/
I33 /790,394,790/,/790,394,790/, /790,326,206,116,79,110/, /110,79,110/,/110,79,110/,/110,79,110/
DENSITY .150
WEIGHT 1.50
E 609000.
C ***********************************
C
DESCRIBE DATA BLOCK
*
C ***********************************
DESCRIBE
C ***********************************
C
COLUMN SUB BLOCK
*
C ***********************************
COLUMN 'SIX' "SIX FT ROUND COL"
AREA 28.3
I11 25.4
I22 19.4
I33 19.4
DENSITY .150
E 661680.
COLUMN 'FIVE' "FIVE FT ROUND COL"
AREA 19.6
I11 12.3
I22 9.9
I33 9.9
DENSITY .150
E 661680.

C ***********************************
C
PILE SUB BLOCK
*
C ***********************************
PILE 'PILE' "TYPICAL PILE"
STIFFNESS
KF1F1
480.
KF1M3
0.
KF2F2
4040.
KF3F3
480.
KF3M1
0.0
KM1M1
0.0
KM2M2
0.0
KM3M3
0.0
C ***********************************
C
FOOTING DATA BLOCK
*
C ***********************************
FOOTING
PILE '23' "PIERS 2 & 3"
TOP LAYOUT
1 'PILE' AT -6.0 0.0 -6.0
2 'PILE' AT -6.0 0.0 -3.0
3 'PILE' AT -6.0 0.0 -0.0
4 'PILE' AT -6.0 0.0 3.0
5 'PILE' AT -6.0 0.0 6.0
6 'PILE' AT -3.0 0.0 -6.0
7 'PILE' AT -3.0 0.0 -3.0
8 'PILE' AT -3.0 0.0 -0.0
9 'PILE' AT -3.0 0.0 3.0
10 'PILE' AT -3.0 0.0 6.0
11 'PILE' AT 0.0 0.0 -6.0
12 'PILE' AT 0.0 0.0 -3.0
13 'PILE' AT 0.0 0.0 -0.0
14 'PILE' AT 0.0 0.0 3.0
15 'PILE' AT 0.0 0.0 6.0
16 'PILE' AT 3.0 0.0 -6.0
17 'PILE' AT 3.0 0.0 -3.0
18 'PILE' AT 3.0 0.0 -0.0
19 'PILE' AT 3.0 0.0 3.0
20 'PILE' AT 3.0 0.0 6.0
21 'PILE' AT 6.0 0.0 -6.0
22 'PILE' AT 6.0 0.0 -3.0
23 'PILE' AT 6.0 0.0 -0.0
24 'PILE' AT 6.0 0.0 3.0
25 'PILE' AT 6.0 0.0 6.0
PILE '456' "PIERS 4,5 & 6"
TOP LAYOUT
1 'PILE' AT -4.5 0.0 -4.5
2 'PILE' AT -4.5 0.0 -1.5
3 'PILE' AT -4.5 0.0 1.5
4 'PILE' AT -4.5 0.0 4.5
5 'PILE' AT -1.5 0.0 -4.5
6 'PILE' AT -1.5 0.0 -1.5
7 'PILE' AT -1.5 0.0 1.5
8 'PILE' AT -1.5 0.0 4.5
9 'PILE' AT 1.5 0.0 -4.5
10 'PILE' AT 1.5 0.0 -1.5
11 'PILE' AT 1.5 0.0 1.5
12 'PILE' AT 1.5 0.0 4.5
13 'PILE' AT 4.5 0.0 -4.5
14 'PILE' AT 4.5 0.0 -1.5

15 'PILE' AT 4.5 0.0 1.5

16 'PILE' AT 4.5 0.0 4.5
C **********************************
C
ABUTMENT DATA BLOCK
*
C **********************************
ABUTMENT STATION 18 + 65.99
CONNECTION PIN AT ABUTMENT 1 7
C **********************************
C
BENT DATA BLOCK
*
C **********************************
BENT
HEIGHT 24.21,28.71,19.26,21.65,23.95
COLUMN 'SIX' AT BENT 2,3
COLUMN 'FIVE' AT BENT 4,5,6
COLUMN TOP END JOINT SIZE 4.21 AT BENT 2,3
COLUMN TOP END JOINT SIZE 2.25 AT BENT 4,5,6
C **********************************
C
FOUNDATION DATA BLOCK
*
C **********************************
FOUNDATION
AT BENT 2,3
SPRING CONSTANTS
KF1F1 3600
KF3F3 3600
PILE FOOTING '23'
WEIGHT 27.0 $ EFFECTIVE PILE CAP WEIGHT -(GAMMA(CONC)-GAMMA(SOIL))
AT BENT 4,5,6
SPRING CONSTANTS
KF1F1 3600
KF3F3 3600
PILE FOOTING '456'
WEIGHT 17.3 $ EFFECTIVE PILE CAP WEIGHT -(GAMMA(CONC)-GAMMA(SOIL))
AT ABUTMENT 1
SPRING CONSTANTS
KF1F1 16330.
KF2F2 100000.
KF3F3 100.
KM1M1 1000000.
KM2M2 1000000.
KM3M3 1000000.
AT ABUTMENT 7
SPRING CONSTANTS
KF1F1 5.
KF2F2 100000.
KF3F3 100.
KM1M1 1000000.
KM2M2 1000000.
KM3M3 1000000.
C *********************************
C
LOADS DATA BLOCK
*
C *********************************
LOADS
STATICS ANALYSIS
C RESPONSE SPECTRUM
C MODE SHAPES 20
C DIRECTION FACTORS
C
X 1.0 Y 0.0 Z 0.0 "LONGIT"
C
X 0.0 Y 0.0 Z 1.0 "TRANS"
C
X 1.0 Y 0.0 Z 0.4 "CASE I"
C
X 0.4 Y 0.0 Z 1.0 "CASE II"

C ARBITRARY CURVE
C PERIOD .000 .150 .75 .80 .90 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 C 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 2.0 2.25 2.50 3.0
C VALUE .800 2.00 2.00 1.875 1.667 1.5 1.364 1.25 1.154 1.07 C 1.00 0.938 0.882 0.833 0.789 0.75 0.667 0.600 0.500
C GRAVITY 32.2
FINISH

SEISAB "EXAMPLE 1 - WEST COAST BRIDGE"

RESPONSE SPECTRUM ANALYSIS
C AS-BUILT ANALYSIS - TENSION
C ************************************
C
ALIGNMENT DATA BLOCK
*
C ************************************
ALIGNMENT OFFSET L 15.5
STATION 18 + 00.00
COORDINATES N 10000.00 E 10000.00
BEARING N 56 44 15 W
BC 18 + 85.15
RADIUS R 600.0
BEARING N 28 08 04 W
BC 21 + 84.68
RADIUS R 590.0
BEARING N 07 02 34 W
C ************************************
C
SPAN DATA BLOCK
*
C ************************************
SPANS
LENGTHS /1.0,74.6,3.0/,/3.0,118.97,3.0/, /3.0,20.34,20.35,20.35,8.52,2.5/,/2.5,52.73,2.5/, /2.5,54.43,2.5/,/2.5,60.01,1.0/
AREA /179.6,51.4,179.6/,/179.6,51.4,179.6/, /179.6,49.5,45.7,41.8,39.9,93.2/, /93.2,39.9,93.2/,/93.2,39.9,93.2/,/93.2,39.9,93.2/
I11 /2280,897,2280/,/2280,897,2280/, /2280,761,510,304,214,318/, /318,214,318/,/318,214,318/,/318,214,318/
I22 /9928,3855,9928/,/9928,3855,9928/, /9928,3717,3440,3161,3021,5552/, /5552,3021,5552/,/5552,3021,5552/,/5552,3021,5552/
I33 /790,394,790/,/790,394,790/, /790,326,206,116,79,110/, /110,79,110/,/110,79,110/,/110,79,110/
DENSITY .150
WEIGHT 1.50
E 609000.
C ***********************************
C
DESCRIBE DATA BLOCK
*
C ***********************************
DESCRIBE
C ***********************************
C
COLUMN SUB BLOCK
*
C ***********************************
COLUMN 'SIX' "SIX FT ROUND COL"
AREA 28.3
I11 25.4
I22 19.4
I33 19.4
DENSITY .150
E 661680.
COLUMN 'FIVE' "FIVE FT ROUND COL"
AREA 19.6
I11 12.3
I22 9.9
I33 9.9
DENSITY .150
E 661680.
C ***********************************

C
PILE SUB BLOCK
*
C ***********************************
PILE 'PILE' "TYPICAL PILE"
STIFFNESS
KF1F1
480.
KF1M3
0.
KF2F2
4040.
KF3F3
480.
KF3M1
0.0
KM1M1
0.0
KM2M2
0.0
KM3M3
0.0
C ***********************************
C
FOOTING DATA BLOCK
*
C ***********************************
FOOTING
PILE '23' "PIERS 2 & 3"
TOP LAYOUT
1 'PILE' AT -6.0 0.0 -6.0
2 'PILE' AT -6.0 0.0 -3.0
3 'PILE' AT -6.0 0.0 -0.0
4 'PILE' AT -6.0 0.0 3.0
5 'PILE' AT -6.0 0.0 6.0
6 'PILE' AT -3.0 0.0 -6.0
7 'PILE' AT -3.0 0.0 -3.0
8 'PILE' AT -3.0 0.0 -0.0
9 'PILE' AT -3.0 0.0 3.0
10 'PILE' AT -3.0 0.0 6.0
11 'PILE' AT 0.0 0.0 -6.0
12 'PILE' AT 0.0 0.0 -3.0
13 'PILE' AT 0.0 0.0 -0.0
14 'PILE' AT 0.0 0.0 3.0
15 'PILE' AT 0.0 0.0 6.0
16 'PILE' AT 3.0 0.0 -6.0
17 'PILE' AT 3.0 0.0 -3.0
18 'PILE' AT 3.0 0.0 -0.0
19 'PILE' AT 3.0 0.0 3.0
20 'PILE' AT 3.0 0.0 6.0
21 'PILE' AT 6.0 0.0 -6.0
22 'PILE' AT 6.0 0.0 -3.0
23 'PILE' AT 6.0 0.0 -0.0
24 'PILE' AT 6.0 0.0 3.0
25 'PILE' AT 6.0 0.0 6.0
PILE '456' "PIERS 4,5 & 6"
TOP LAYOUT
1 'PILE' AT -4.5 0.0 -4.5
2 'PILE' AT -4.5 0.0 -1.5
3 'PILE' AT -4.5 0.0 1.5
4 'PILE' AT -4.5 0.0 4.5
5 'PILE' AT -1.5 0.0 -4.5
6 'PILE' AT -1.5 0.0 -1.5
7 'PILE' AT -1.5 0.0 1.5
8 'PILE' AT -1.5 0.0 4.5
9 'PILE' AT 1.5 0.0 -4.5
10 'PILE' AT 1.5 0.0 -1.5
11 'PILE' AT 1.5 0.0 1.5
12 'PILE' AT 1.5 0.0 4.5
13 'PILE' AT 4.5 0.0 -4.5
14 'PILE' AT 4.5 0.0 -1.5
15 'PILE' AT 4.5 0.0 1.5

16 'PILE' AT 4.5 0.0 4.5

C **********************************
C
ABUTMENT DATA BLOCK
*
C **********************************
ABUTMENT STATION 18 + 65.99
CONNECTION PIN AT ABUTMENT 1 7
C **********************************
C
HINGE DATA BLOCK
*
C **********************************
HINGE
AT 3 62.5
WEIGHT 17.5
TRANS PIN
LONG FREE
TORSION FREE
C **********************************
C
BENT DATA BLOCK
*
C **********************************
BENT
HEIGHT 24.21,28.71,19.26,21.65,23.95
COLUMN 'SIX' AT BENT 2,3
COLUMN 'FIVE' AT BENT 4,5,6
COLUMN TOP END JOINT SIZE 4.21 AT BENT 2,3
COLUMN TOP END JOINT SIZE 2.25 AT BENT 4,5,6
C **********************************
C
FOUNDATION DATA BLOCK
*
C **********************************
FOUNDATION
AT BENT 2,3
SPRING CONSTANTS
KF1F1 3600
KF3F3 3600
PILE FOOTING '23'
WEIGHT 27.0 $ EFFECTIVE PILE CAP WEIGHT -(GAMMA(CONC)-GAMMA(SOIL))
AT BENT 4,5,6
SPRING CONSTANTS
KF1F1 3600
KF3F3 3600
PILE FOOTING '456'
WEIGHT 17.3 $ EFFECTIVE PILE CAP WEIGHT -(GAMMA(CONC)-GAMMA(SOIL))
AT ABUTMENT 1
SPRING CONSTANTS
KF1F1 1750.
KF2F2 100000.
KF3F3 6240.
KM1M1 1000000.
KM2M2 1000000.
KM3M3 1000000.
AT ABUTMENT 7
SPRING CONSTANTS
KF1F1 1750.
KF2F2 100000.
KF3F3 6240.
KM1M1 1000000.
KM2M2 1000000.
KM3M3 1000000.
C *********************************
C
LOADS DATA BLOCK
*
C *********************************
LOADS

RESPONSE SPECTRUM
MODE SHAPES 20
DIRECTION FACTORS
C
X 1.0 Y 0.0 Z 0.0 "LONGIT"
C
X 0.0 Y 0.0 Z 1.0 "TRANS"
C
X 1.0 Y 0.0 Z 0.4 "CASE I"
C
X 0.4 Y 0.0 Z 1.0 "CASE II"
ARBITRARY CURVE
PERIOD .000 .150 .75 .80 .90 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 2.0 2.25 2.50 3.0
VALUE .800 2.00 2.00 1.875 1.667 1.5 1.364 1.25 1.154 1.07 1.00 0.938 0.882 0.833 0.789 0.75 0.667 0.600 0.500
GRAVITY 32.2
FINISH

SEISAB "EXAMPLE 1 - WEST COAST BRIDGE"

RESPONSE SPECTRUM ANALYSIS
C AS-BUILT ANALYSIS - COMPRESSION ABUT 1
C ************************************
C
ALIGNMENT DATA BLOCK
*
C ************************************
ALIGNMENT OFFSET L 15.5
STATION 18 + 00.00
COORDINATES N 10000.00 E 10000.00
BEARING N 56 44 15 W
BC 18 + 85.15
RADIUS R 600.0
BEARING N 28 08 04 W
BC 21 + 84.68
RADIUS R 590.0
BEARING N 07 02 34 W
C ************************************
C
SPAN DATA BLOCK
*
C ************************************
SPANS
LENGTHS /1.0,74.6,3.0/,/3.0,118.97,3.0/, /3.0,20.34,20.35,20.35,8.52,2.5/,/2.5,52.73,2.5/, /2.5,54.43,2.5/,/2.5,60.01,1.0/
AREA /179.6,51.4,179.6/,/179.6,51.4,179.6/, /179.6,49.5,45.7,41.8,39.9,93.2/, /93.2,39.9,93.2/,/93.2,39.9,93.2/,/93.2,39.9,93.2/
I11 /2280,897,2280/,/2280,897,2280/, /2280,761,510,304,214,318/, /318,214,318/,/318,214,318/,/318,214,318/
I22 /9928,3855,9928/,/9928,3855,9928/, /9928,3717,3440,3161,3021,5552/, /5552,3021,5552/,/5552,3021,5552/,/5552,3021,5552/
I33 /790,394,790/,/790,394,790/, /790,326,206,116,79,110/, /110,79,110/,/110,79,110/,/110,79,110/
DENSITY .150
WEIGHT 1.50
E 609000.
C ***********************************
C
DESCRIBE DATA BLOCK
*
C ***********************************
DESCRIBE
C ***********************************
C
COLUMN SUB BLOCK
*
C ***********************************
COLUMN 'SIX' "SIX FT ROUND COL"
AREA 28.3
I11 25.4
I22 19.4
I33 19.4
DENSITY .150
E 661680.
COLUMN 'FIVE' "FIVE FT ROUND COL"
AREA 19.6
I11 12.3
I22 9.9
I33 9.9
DENSITY .150
E 661680.
C ***********************************

C
PILE SUB BLOCK
*
C ***********************************
PILE 'PILE' "TYPICAL PILE"
STIFFNESS
KF1F1
480.
KF1M3
0.
KF2F2
4040.
KF3F3
480.
KF3M1
0.0
KM1M1
0.0
KM2M2
0.0
KM3M3
0.0
C ***********************************
C
FOOTING DATA BLOCK
*
C ***********************************
FOOTING
PILE '23' "PIERS 2 & 3"
TOP LAYOUT
1 'PILE' AT -6.0 0.0 -6.0
2 'PILE' AT -6.0 0.0 -3.0
3 'PILE' AT -6.0 0.0 -0.0
4 'PILE' AT -6.0 0.0 3.0
5 'PILE' AT -6.0 0.0 6.0
6 'PILE' AT -3.0 0.0 -6.0
7 'PILE' AT -3.0 0.0 -3.0
8 'PILE' AT -3.0 0.0 -0.0
9 'PILE' AT -3.0 0.0 3.0
10 'PILE' AT -3.0 0.0 6.0
11 'PILE' AT 0.0 0.0 -6.0
12 'PILE' AT 0.0 0.0 -3.0
13 'PILE' AT 0.0 0.0 -0.0
14 'PILE' AT 0.0 0.0 3.0
15 'PILE' AT 0.0 0.0 6.0
16 'PILE' AT 3.0 0.0 -6.0
17 'PILE' AT 3.0 0.0 -3.0
18 'PILE' AT 3.0 0.0 -0.0
19 'PILE' AT 3.0 0.0 3.0
20 'PILE' AT 3.0 0.0 6.0
21 'PILE' AT 6.0 0.0 -6.0
22 'PILE' AT 6.0 0.0 -3.0
23 'PILE' AT 6.0 0.0 -0.0
24 'PILE' AT 6.0 0.0 3.0
25 'PILE' AT 6.0 0.0 6.0
PILE '456' "PIERS 4,5 & 6"
TOP LAYOUT
1 'PILE' AT -4.5 0.0 -4.5
2 'PILE' AT -4.5 0.0 -1.5
3 'PILE' AT -4.5 0.0 1.5
4 'PILE' AT -4.5 0.0 4.5
5 'PILE' AT -1.5 0.0 -4.5
6 'PILE' AT -1.5 0.0 -1.5
7 'PILE' AT -1.5 0.0 1.5
8 'PILE' AT -1.5 0.0 4.5
9 'PILE' AT 1.5 0.0 -4.5
10 'PILE' AT 1.5 0.0 -1.5
11 'PILE' AT 1.5 0.0 1.5
12 'PILE' AT 1.5 0.0 4.5
13 'PILE' AT 4.5 0.0 -4.5
14 'PILE' AT 4.5 0.0 -1.5
15 'PILE' AT 4.5 0.0 1.5

16 'PILE' AT 4.5 0.0 4.5

C **********************************
C
ABUTMENT DATA BLOCK
*
C **********************************
ABUTMENT STATION 18 + 65.99
CONNECTION PIN AT ABUTMENT 1 7
C **********************************
C
HINGE DATA BLOCK
*
C **********************************
HINGE
AT 3 62.5
WEIGHT 17.5
TRANS PIN
LONG PIN
TORSION FREE
C **********************************
C
BENT DATA BLOCK
*
C **********************************
BENT
HEIGHT 24.21,28.71,19.26,21.65,23.95
COLUMN 'SIX' AT BENT 2,3
COLUMN 'FIVE' AT BENT 4,5,6
COLUMN TOP END JOINT SIZE 4.21 AT BENT 2,3
COLUMN TOP END JOINT SIZE 2.25 AT BENT 4,5,6
C **********************************
C
FOUNDATION DATA BLOCK
*
C **********************************
FOUNDATION
AT BENT 2,3
SPRING CONSTANTS
KF1F1 3600
KF3F3 3600
PILE FOOTING '23'
WEIGHT 27.0 $ EFFECTIVE PILE CAP WEIGHT -(GAMMA(CONC)-GAMMA(SOIL))
AT BENT 4,5,6
SPRING CONSTANTS
KF1F1 3600
KF3F3 3600
PILE FOOTING '456'
WEIGHT 17.3 $ EFFECTIVE PILE CAP WEIGHT -(GAMMA(CONC)-GAMMA(SOIL))
AT ABUTMENT 1
SPRING CONSTANTS
KF1F1 2500.
KF2F2 100000.
KF3F3 6240.
KM1M1 1000000.
KM2M2 1000000.
KM3M3 1000000.
AT ABUTMENT 7
SPRING CONSTANTS
KF1F1 5.
KF2F2 100000.
KF3F3 6240.
KM1M1 1000000.
KM2M2 1000000.
KM3M3 1000000.
C *********************************
C
LOADS DATA BLOCK
*
C *********************************
LOADS

RESPONSE SPECTRUM
MODE SHAPES 20
DIRECTION FACTORS
C
X 1.0 Y 0.0 Z 0.0 "LONGIT"
C
X 0.0 Y 0.0 Z 1.0 "TRANS"
C
X 1.0 Y 0.0 Z 0.4 "CASE I"
C
X 0.4 Y 0.0 Z 1.0 "CASE II"
ARBITRARY CURVE
PERIOD .000 .150 .75 .80 .90 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 2.0 2.25 2.50 3.0
VALUE .800 2.00 2.00 1.875 1.667 1.5 1.364 1.25 1.154 1.07 1.00 0.938 0.882 0.833 0.789 0.75 0.667 0.600 0.500
GRAVITY 32.2
FINISH

SEISAB "EXAMPLE 1 - WEST COAST BRIDGE"

RESPONSE SPECTRUM ANALYSIS
C AS-BUILT ANALYSIS - COMPRESSION ABUT 7
C ************************************
C
ALIGNMENT DATA BLOCK
*
C ************************************
ALIGNMENT OFFSET L 15.5
STATION 18 + 00.00
COORDINATES N 10000.00 E 10000.00
BEARING N 56 44 15 W
BC 18 + 85.15
RADIUS R 600.0
BEARING N 28 08 04 W
BC 21 + 84.68
RADIUS R 590.0
BEARING N 07 02 34 W
C ************************************
C
SPAN DATA BLOCK
*
C ************************************
SPANS
LENGTHS /1.0,74.6,3.0/,/3.0,118.97,3.0/, /3.0,20.34,20.35,20.35,8.52,2.5/,/2.5,52.73,2.5/, /2.5,54.43,2.5/,/2.5,60.01,1.0/
AREA /179.6,51.4,179.6/,/179.6,51.4,179.6/, /179.6,49.5,45.7,41.8,39.9,93.2/, /93.2,39.9,93.2/,/93.2,39.9,93.2/,/93.2,39.9,93.2/
I11 /2280,897,2280/,/2280,897,2280/, /2280,761,510,304,214,318/, /318,214,318/,/318,214,318/,/318,214,318/
I22 /9928,3855,9928/,/9928,3855,9928/, /9928,3717,3440,3161,3021,5552/, /5552,3021,5552/,/5552,3021,5552/,/5552,3021,5552/
I33 /790,394,790/,/790,394,790/, /790,326,206,116,79,110/, /110,79,110/,/110,79,110/,/110,79,110/
DENSITY .150
WEIGHT 1.50
E 609000.
C ***********************************
C
DESCRIBE DATA BLOCK
*
C ***********************************
DESCRIBE
C ***********************************
C
COLUMN SUB BLOCK
*
C ***********************************
COLUMN 'SIX' "SIX FT ROUND COL"
AREA 28.3
I11 25.4
I22 19.4
I33 19.4
DENSITY .150
E 661680.
COLUMN 'FIVE' "FIVE FT ROUND COL"
AREA 19.6
I11 12.3
I22 9.9
I33 9.9
DENSITY .150
E 661680.
C ***********************************

C
PILE SUB BLOCK
*
C ***********************************
PILE 'PILE' "TYPICAL PILE"
STIFFNESS
KF1F1
480.
KF1M3
0.
KF2F2
4040.
KF3F3
480.
KF3M1
0.0
KM1M1
0.0
KM2M2
0.0
KM3M3
0.0
C ***********************************
C
FOOTING DATA BLOCK
*
C ***********************************
FOOTING
PILE '23' "PIERS 2 & 3"
TOP LAYOUT
1 'PILE' AT -6.0 0.0 -6.0
2 'PILE' AT -6.0 0.0 -3.0
3 'PILE' AT -6.0 0.0 -0.0
4 'PILE' AT -6.0 0.0 3.0
5 'PILE' AT -6.0 0.0 6.0
6 'PILE' AT -3.0 0.0 -6.0
7 'PILE' AT -3.0 0.0 -3.0
8 'PILE' AT -3.0 0.0 -0.0
9 'PILE' AT -3.0 0.0 3.0
10 'PILE' AT -3.0 0.0 6.0
11 'PILE' AT 0.0 0.0 -6.0
12 'PILE' AT 0.0 0.0 -3.0
13 'PILE' AT 0.0 0.0 -0.0
14 'PILE' AT 0.0 0.0 3.0
15 'PILE' AT 0.0 0.0 6.0
16 'PILE' AT 3.0 0.0 -6.0
17 'PILE' AT 3.0 0.0 -3.0
18 'PILE' AT 3.0 0.0 -0.0
19 'PILE' AT 3.0 0.0 3.0
20 'PILE' AT 3.0 0.0 6.0
21 'PILE' AT 6.0 0.0 -6.0
22 'PILE' AT 6.0 0.0 -3.0
23 'PILE' AT 6.0 0.0 -0.0
24 'PILE' AT 6.0 0.0 3.0
25 'PILE' AT 6.0 0.0 6.0
PILE '456' "PIERS 4,5 & 6"
TOP LAYOUT
1 'PILE' AT -4.5 0.0 -4.5
2 'PILE' AT -4.5 0.0 -1.5
3 'PILE' AT -4.5 0.0 1.5
4 'PILE' AT -4.5 0.0 4.5
5 'PILE' AT -1.5 0.0 -4.5
6 'PILE' AT -1.5 0.0 -1.5
7 'PILE' AT -1.5 0.0 1.5
8 'PILE' AT -1.5 0.0 4.5
9 'PILE' AT 1.5 0.0 -4.5
10 'PILE' AT 1.5 0.0 -1.5
11 'PILE' AT 1.5 0.0 1.5
12 'PILE' AT 1.5 0.0 4.5
13 'PILE' AT 4.5 0.0 -4.5
14 'PILE' AT 4.5 0.0 -1.5
15 'PILE' AT 4.5 0.0 1.5

16 'PILE' AT 4.5 0.0 4.5

C **********************************
C
ABUTMENT DATA BLOCK
*
C **********************************
ABUTMENT STATION 18 + 65.99
CONNECTION PIN AT ABUTMENT 1 7
C **********************************
C
HINGE DATA BLOCK
*
C **********************************
HINGE
AT 3 62.5
WEIGHT 17.5
TRANS PIN
LONG PIN
TORSION FREE
C **********************************
C
BENT DATA BLOCK
*
C **********************************
BENT
HEIGHT 24.21,28.71,19.26,21.65,23.95
COLUMN 'SIX' AT BENT 2,3
COLUMN 'FIVE' AT BENT 4,5,6
COLUMN TOP END JOINT SIZE 4.21 AT BENT 2,3
COLUMN TOP END JOINT SIZE 2.25 AT BENT 4,5,6
C **********************************
C
FOUNDATION DATA BLOCK
*
C **********************************
FOUNDATION
AT BENT 2,3
SPRING CONSTANTS
KF1F1 3600
KF3F3 3600
PILE FOOTING '23'
WEIGHT 27.0 $ EFFECTIVE PILE CAP WEIGHT -(GAMMA(CONC)-GAMMA(SOIL))
AT BENT 4,5,6
SPRING CONSTANTS
KF1F1 3600
KF3F3 3600
PILE FOOTING '456'
WEIGHT 17.3 $ EFFECTIVE PILE CAP WEIGHT -(GAMMA(CONC)-GAMMA(SOIL))
AT ABUTMENT 1
SPRING CONSTANTS
KF1F1 5.
KF2F2 100000.
KF3F3 6240.
KM1M1 1000000.
KM2M2 1000000.
KM3M3 1000000.
AT ABUTMENT 7
SPRING CONSTANTS
KF1F1 1000.
KF2F2 100000.
KF3F3 6240.
KM1M1 1000000.
KM2M2 1000000.
KM3M3 1000000.
C *********************************
C
LOADS DATA BLOCK
*
C *********************************
LOADS

RESPONSE SPECTRUM
MODE SHAPES 20
DIRECTION FACTORS
C
X 1.0 Y 0.0 Z 0.0 "LONGIT"
C
X 0.0 Y 0.0 Z 1.0 "TRANS"
C
X 1.0 Y 0.0 Z 0.4 "CASE I"
C
X 0.4 Y 0.0 Z 1.0 "CASE II"
ARBITRARY CURVE
PERIOD .000 .150 .75 .80 .90 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 2.0 2.25 2.50 3.0
VALUE .800 2.00 2.00 1.875 1.667 1.5 1.364 1.25 1.154 1.07 1.00 0.938 0.882 0.833 0.789 0.75 0.667 0.600 0.500
GRAVITY 32.2
FINISH

SEISAB "EXAMPLE 1 - WEST COAST BRIDGE"

RESPONSE SPECTRUM ANALYSIS
C STRATAGY 1 ANALYSIS - TENSION
C ************************************
C
ALIGNMENT DATA BLOCK
*
C ************************************
ALIGNMENT OFFSET L 15.5
STATION 18 + 00.00
COORDINATES N 10000.00 E 10000.00
BEARING N 56 44 15 W
BC 18 + 85.15
RADIUS R 600.0
BEARING N 28 08 04 W
BC 21 + 84.68
RADIUS R 590.0
BEARING N 07 02 34 W
C ************************************
C
SPAN DATA BLOCK
*
C ************************************
SPANS
LENGTHS /1.0,74.6,3.0/,/3.0,118.97,3.0/, /3.0,20.34,20.35,20.35,8.52,2.5/,/2.5,52.73,2.5/, /2.5,54.43,2.5/,/2.5,60.01,1.0/
AREA /179.6,51.4,179.6/,/179.6,51.4,179.6/, /179.6,49.5,45.7,41.8,39.9,93.2/, /93.2,39.9,93.2/,/93.2,39.9,93.2/,/93.2,39.9,93.2/
I11 /2280,897,2280/,/2280,897,2280/, /2280,761,510,304,214,318/, /318,214,318/,/318,214,318/,/318,214,318/
I22 /9928,3855,9928/,/9928,3855,9928/, /9928,3717,3440,3161,3021,5552/, /5552,3021,5552/,/5552,3021,5552/,/5552,3021,5552/
I33 /790,394,790/,/790,394,790/, /790,326,206,116,79,110/, /110,79,110/,/110,79,110/,/110,79,110/
DENSITY .150
WEIGHT 1.50
E 609000.
C ***********************************
C
DESCRIBE DATA BLOCK
*
C ***********************************
DESCRIBE
C ***********************************
C
COLUMN SUB BLOCK
*
C ***********************************
COLUMN 'SIX' "SIX FT ROUND COL"
AREA 28.3
I11 25.4
I22 19.4
I33 19.4
DENSITY .150
E 661680.
COLUMN 'FIVE' "FIVE FT ROUND COL"
AREA 19.6
I11 12.3
I22 9.9
I33 9.9
DENSITY .150
E 661680.
C ***********************************

C
PILE SUB BLOCK
*
C ***********************************
PILE 'PILE' "TYPICAL PILE"
STIFFNESS
KF1F1
480.
KF1M3
0.
KF2F2
4040.
KF3F3
480.
KF3M1
0.0
KM1M1
0.0
KM2M2
0.0
KM3M3
0.0
C ***********************************
C
FOOTING DATA BLOCK
*
C ***********************************
FOOTING
PILE '23' "PIERS 2 & 3"
TOP LAYOUT
1 'PILE' AT -6.0 0.0 -6.0
2 'PILE' AT -6.0 0.0 -3.0
3 'PILE' AT -6.0 0.0 -0.0
4 'PILE' AT -6.0 0.0 3.0
5 'PILE' AT -6.0 0.0 6.0
6 'PILE' AT -3.0 0.0 -6.0
7 'PILE' AT -3.0 0.0 -3.0
8 'PILE' AT -3.0 0.0 -0.0
9 'PILE' AT -3.0 0.0 3.0
10 'PILE' AT -3.0 0.0 6.0
11 'PILE' AT 0.0 0.0 -6.0
12 'PILE' AT 0.0 0.0 -3.0
13 'PILE' AT 0.0 0.0 -0.0
14 'PILE' AT 0.0 0.0 3.0
15 'PILE' AT 0.0 0.0 6.0
16 'PILE' AT 3.0 0.0 -6.0
17 'PILE' AT 3.0 0.0 -3.0
18 'PILE' AT 3.0 0.0 -0.0
19 'PILE' AT 3.0 0.0 3.0
20 'PILE' AT 3.0 0.0 6.0
21 'PILE' AT 6.0 0.0 -6.0
22 'PILE' AT 6.0 0.0 -3.0
23 'PILE' AT 6.0 0.0 -0.0
24 'PILE' AT 6.0 0.0 3.0
25 'PILE' AT 6.0 0.0 6.0
PILE '456' "PIERS 4,5 & 6"
TOP LAYOUT
1 'PILE' AT -4.5 0.0 -4.5
2 'PILE' AT -4.5 0.0 -1.5
3 'PILE' AT -4.5 0.0 1.5
4 'PILE' AT -4.5 0.0 4.5
5 'PILE' AT -1.5 0.0 -4.5
6 'PILE' AT -1.5 0.0 -1.5
7 'PILE' AT -1.5 0.0 1.5
8 'PILE' AT -1.5 0.0 4.5
9 'PILE' AT 1.5 0.0 -4.5
10 'PILE' AT 1.5 0.0 -1.5
11 'PILE' AT 1.5 0.0 1.5
12 'PILE' AT 1.5 0.0 4.5
13 'PILE' AT 4.5 0.0 -4.5
14 'PILE' AT 4.5 0.0 -1.5
15 'PILE' AT 4.5 0.0 1.5

16 'PILE' AT 4.5 0.0 4.5

C **********************************
C
ABUTMENT DATA BLOCK
*
C **********************************
ABUTMENT STATION 18 + 65.99
CONNECTION PIN AT ABUTMENT 1 7
C **********************************
C
HINGE DATA BLOCK
*
C **********************************
HINGE
AT 3 62.5
WEIGHT 17.5
TRANS PIN
LONG FREE
TORSION FREE
C **********************************
C
BENT DATA BLOCK
*
C **********************************
BENT
HEIGHT 24.21,28.71,19.26,21.65,23.95
COLUMN 'SIX' AT BENT 2,3
COLUMN 'FIVE' AT BENT 4,5,6
COLUMN TOP FREE AT BENT 2,5,6
COLUMN TOP END JOINT SIZE 4.21 AT BENT 2,3
COLUMN TOP END JOINT SIZE 2.25 AT BENT 4,5,6
C **********************************
C
FOUNDATION DATA BLOCK
*
C **********************************
FOUNDATION
AT BENT 2,3
SPRING CONSTANTS
KF1F1 3600
KF3F3 3600
PILE FOOTING '23'
WEIGHT 27.0 $ EFFECTIVE PILE CAP WEIGHT -(GAMMA(CONC)-GAMMA(SOIL))
AT BENT 4,5,6
SPRING CONSTANTS
KF1F1 3600
KF3F3 3600
PILE FOOTING '456'
WEIGHT 17.3 $ EFFECTIVE PILE CAP WEIGHT -(GAMMA(CONC)-GAMMA(SOIL))
AT ABUTMENT 1
SPRING CONSTANTS
KF1F1 1000.
KF2F2 100000.
KF3F3 6240.
KM1M1 1000000.
KM2M2 1000000.
KM3M3 1000000.
AT ABUTMENT 7
SPRING CONSTANTS
KF1F1 1000.
KF2F2 100000.
KF3F3 6240.
KM1M1 1000000.
KM2M2 1000000.
KM3M3 1000000.
C *********************************
C
LOADS DATA BLOCK
*
C *********************************

LOADS
RESPONSE SPECTRUM
MODE SHAPES 20
DIRECTION FACTORS
C
X 1.0 Y 0.0 Z 0.0 "LONGIT"
C
X 0.0 Y 0.0 Z 1.0 "TRANS"
C
X 1.0 Y 0.0 Z 0.4 "CASE I"
C
X 0.4 Y 0.0 Z 1.0 "CASE II"
ARBITRARY CURVE
PERIOD .000 .150 .75 .80 .90 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 2.0 2.25 2.50 3.0
VALUE .800 2.00 2.00 1.875 1.667 1.5 1.364 1.25 1.154 1.07 1.00 0.938 0.882 0.833 0.789 0.75 0.667 0.600 0.500
GRAVITY 32.2
FINISH

SEISAB "EXAMPLE 1 - WEST COAST BRIDGE"

RESPONSE SPECTRUM ANALYSIS
C STRATAGY 1 ANALYSIS - COMPRESSION ABUT 1
C ************************************
C
ALIGNMENT DATA BLOCK
*
C ************************************
ALIGNMENT OFFSET L 15.5
STATION 18 + 00.00
COORDINATES N 10000.00 E 10000.00
BEARING N 56 44 15 W
BC 18 + 85.15
RADIUS R 600.0
BEARING N 28 08 04 W
BC 21 + 84.68
RADIUS R 590.0
BEARING N 07 02 34 W
C ************************************
C
SPAN DATA BLOCK
*
C ************************************
SPANS
LENGTHS /1.0,74.6,3.0/,/3.0,118.97,3.0/, /3.0,20.34,20.35,20.35,8.52,2.5/,/2.5,52.73,2.5/, /2.5,54.43,2.5/,/2.5,60.01,1.0/
AREA /179.6,51.4,179.6/,/179.6,51.4,179.6/, /179.6,49.5,45.7,41.8,39.9,93.2/, /93.2,39.9,93.2/,/93.2,39.9,93.2/,/93.2,39.9,93.2/
I11 /2280,897,2280/,/2280,897,2280/, /2280,761,510,304,214,318/, /318,214,318/,/318,214,318/,/318,214,318/
I22 /9928,3855,9928/,/9928,3855,9928/, /9928,3717,3440,3161,3021,5552/, /5552,3021,5552/,/5552,3021,5552/,/5552,3021,5552/
I33 /790,394,790/,/790,394,790/, /790,326,206,116,79,110/, /110,79,110/,/110,79,110/,/110,79,110/
DENSITY .150
WEIGHT 1.50
E 609000.
C ***********************************
C
DESCRIBE DATA BLOCK
*
C ***********************************
DESCRIBE
C ***********************************
C
COLUMN SUB BLOCK
*
C ***********************************
COLUMN 'SIX' "SIX FT ROUND COL"
AREA 28.3
I11 25.4
I22 19.4
I33 19.4
DENSITY .150
E 661680.
COLUMN 'FIVE' "FIVE FT ROUND COL"
AREA 19.6
I11 12.3
I22 9.9
I33 9.9
DENSITY .150
E 661680.
C ***********************************

C
PILE SUB BLOCK
*
C ***********************************
PILE 'PILE' "TYPICAL PILE"
STIFFNESS
KF1F1
480.
KF1M3
0.
KF2F2
4040.
KF3F3
480.
KF3M1
0.0
KM1M1
0.0
KM2M2
0.0
KM3M3
0.0
C ***********************************
C
FOOTING DATA BLOCK
*
C ***********************************
FOOTING
PILE '23' "PIERS 2 & 3"
TOP LAYOUT
1 'PILE' AT -6.0 0.0 -6.0
2 'PILE' AT -6.0 0.0 -3.0
3 'PILE' AT -6.0 0.0 -0.0
4 'PILE' AT -6.0 0.0 3.0
5 'PILE' AT -6.0 0.0 6.0
6 'PILE' AT -3.0 0.0 -6.0
7 'PILE' AT -3.0 0.0 -3.0
8 'PILE' AT -3.0 0.0 -0.0
9 'PILE' AT -3.0 0.0 3.0
10 'PILE' AT -3.0 0.0 6.0
11 'PILE' AT 0.0 0.0 -6.0
12 'PILE' AT 0.0 0.0 -3.0
13 'PILE' AT 0.0 0.0 -0.0
14 'PILE' AT 0.0 0.0 3.0
15 'PILE' AT 0.0 0.0 6.0
16 'PILE' AT 3.0 0.0 -6.0
17 'PILE' AT 3.0 0.0 -3.0
18 'PILE' AT 3.0 0.0 -0.0
19 'PILE' AT 3.0 0.0 3.0
20 'PILE' AT 3.0 0.0 6.0
21 'PILE' AT 6.0 0.0 -6.0
22 'PILE' AT 6.0 0.0 -3.0
23 'PILE' AT 6.0 0.0 -0.0
24 'PILE' AT 6.0 0.0 3.0
25 'PILE' AT 6.0 0.0 6.0
PILE '456' "PIERS 4,5 & 6"
TOP LAYOUT
1 'PILE' AT -4.5 0.0 -4.5
2 'PILE' AT -4.5 0.0 -1.5
3 'PILE' AT -4.5 0.0 1.5
4 'PILE' AT -4.5 0.0 4.5
5 'PILE' AT -1.5 0.0 -4.5
6 'PILE' AT -1.5 0.0 -1.5
7 'PILE' AT -1.5 0.0 1.5
8 'PILE' AT -1.5 0.0 4.5
9 'PILE' AT 1.5 0.0 -4.5
10 'PILE' AT 1.5 0.0 -1.5
11 'PILE' AT 1.5 0.0 1.5
12 'PILE' AT 1.5 0.0 4.5
13 'PILE' AT 4.5 0.0 -4.5
14 'PILE' AT 4.5 0.0 -1.5
15 'PILE' AT 4.5 0.0 1.5

16 'PILE' AT 4.5 0.0 4.5

C **********************************
C
ABUTMENT DATA BLOCK
*
C **********************************
ABUTMENT STATION 18 + 65.99
CONNECTION PIN AT ABUTMENT 1 7
C **********************************
C
HINGE DATA BLOCK
*
C **********************************
HINGE
AT 3 62.5
WEIGHT 17.5
TRANS PIN
LONG PIN
TORSION FREE
C **********************************
C
BENT DATA BLOCK
*
C **********************************
BENT
HEIGHT 24.21,28.71,19.26,21.65,23.95
COLUMN 'SIX' AT BENT 2,3
COLUMN 'FIVE' AT BENT 4,5,6
COLIMN TOP FREE AT BENT 2,5,6
COLUMN TOP END JOINT SIZE 4.21 AT BENT 3
COLUMN TOP END JOINT SIZE 2.25 AT BENT 4
C **********************************
C
FOUNDATION DATA BLOCK
*
C **********************************
FOUNDATION
AT BENT 2,3
SPRING CONSTANTS
KF1F1 3600
KF3F3 3600
PILE FOOTING '23'
WEIGHT 27.0 $ EFFECTIVE PILE CAP WEIGHT -(GAMMA(CONC)-GAMMA(SOIL))
AT BENT 4,5,6
SPRING CONSTANTS
KF1F1 3600
KF3F3 3600
PILE FOOTING '456'
WEIGHT 17.3 $ EFFECTIVE PILE CAP WEIGHT -(GAMMA(CONC)-GAMMA(SOIL))
AT ABUTMENT 1
SPRING CONSTANTS
KF1F1 1100.
KF2F2 100000.
KF3F3 6240.
KM1M1 1000000.
KM2M2 1000000.
KM3M3 1000000.
AT ABUTMENT 7
SPRING CONSTANTS
KF1F1 5.
KF2F2 100000.
KF3F3 6240.
KM1M1 1000000.
KM2M2 1000000.
KM3M3 1000000.
C *********************************
C
LOADS DATA BLOCK
*
C *********************************

LOADS
RESPONSE SPECTRUM
MODE SHAPES 20
DIRECTION FACTORS
C
X 1.0 Y 0.0 Z 0.0 "LONGIT"
C
X 0.0 Y 0.0 Z 1.0 "TRANS"
C
X 1.0 Y 0.0 Z 0.4 "CASE I"
C
X 0.4 Y 0.0 Z 1.0 "CASE II"
ARBITRARY CURVE
PERIOD .000 .150 .75 .80 .90 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 2.0 2.25 2.50 3.0
VALUE .800 2.00 2.00 1.875 1.667 1.5 1.364 1.25 1.154 1.07 1.00 0.938 0.882 0.833 0.789 0.75 0.667 0.600 0.500
GRAVITY 32.2
FINISH

SEISAB "EXAMPLE 1 - WEST COAST BRIDGE"

RESPONSE SPECTRUM ANALYSIS
C STRATAGY 1 ANALYSIS - COMPRESSION ABUT 7
C ************************************
C
ALIGNMENT DATA BLOCK
*
C ************************************
ALIGNMENT OFFSET L 15.5
STATION 18 + 00.00
COORDINATES N 10000.00 E 10000.00
BEARING N 56 44 15 W
BC 18 + 85.15
RADIUS R 600.0
BEARING N 28 08 04 W
BC 21 + 84.68
RADIUS R 590.0
BEARING N 07 02 34 W
C ************************************
C
SPAN DATA BLOCK
*
C ************************************
SPANS
LENGTHS /1.0,74.6,3.0/,/3.0,118.97,3.0/, /3.0,20.34,20.35,20.35,8.52,2.5/,/2.5,52.73,2.5/, /2.5,54.43,2.5/,/2.5,60.01,1.0/
AREA /179.6,51.4,179.6/,/179.6,51.4,179.6/, /179.6,49.5,45.7,41.8,39.9,93.2/, /93.2,39.9,93.2/,/93.2,39.9,93.2/,/93.2,39.9,93.2/
I11 /2280,897,2280/,/2280,897,2280/, /2280,761,510,304,214,318/, /318,214,318/,/318,214,318/,/318,214,318/
I22 /9928,3855,9928/,/9928,3855,9928/, /9928,3717,3440,3161,3021,5552/, /5552,3021,5552/,/5552,3021,5552/,/5552,3021,5552/
I33 /790,394,790/,/790,394,790/, /790,326,206,116,79,110/, /110,79,110/,/110,79,110/,/110,79,110/
DENSITY .150
WEIGHT 1.50
E 609000.
C ***********************************
C
DESCRIBE DATA BLOCK
*
C ***********************************
DESCRIBE
C ***********************************
C
COLUMN SUB BLOCK
*
C ***********************************
COLUMN 'SIX' "SIX FT ROUND COL"
AREA 28.3
I11 25.4
I22 19.4
I33 19.4
DENSITY .150
E 661680.
COLUMN 'FIVE' "FIVE FT ROUND COL"
AREA 19.6
I11 12.3
I22 9.9
I33 9.9
DENSITY .150
E 661680.
C ***********************************

C
PILE SUB BLOCK
*
C ***********************************
PILE 'PILE' "TYPICAL PILE"
STIFFNESS
KF1F1
480.
KF1M3
0.
KF2F2
4040.
KF3F3
480.
KF3M1
0.0
KM1M1
0.0
KM2M2
0.0
KM3M3
0.0
C ***********************************
C
FOOTING DATA BLOCK
*
C ***********************************
FOOTING
PILE '23' "PIERS 2 & 3"
TOP LAYOUT
1 'PILE' AT -6.0 0.0 -6.0
2 'PILE' AT -6.0 0.0 -3.0
3 'PILE' AT -6.0 0.0 -0.0
4 'PILE' AT -6.0 0.0 3.0
5 'PILE' AT -6.0 0.0 6.0
6 'PILE' AT -3.0 0.0 -6.0
7 'PILE' AT -3.0 0.0 -3.0
8 'PILE' AT -3.0 0.0 -0.0
9 'PILE' AT -3.0 0.0 3.0
10 'PILE' AT -3.0 0.0 6.0
11 'PILE' AT 0.0 0.0 -6.0
12 'PILE' AT 0.0 0.0 -3.0
13 'PILE' AT 0.0 0.0 -0.0
14 'PILE' AT 0.0 0.0 3.0
15 'PILE' AT 0.0 0.0 6.0
16 'PILE' AT 3.0 0.0 -6.0
17 'PILE' AT 3.0 0.0 -3.0
18 'PILE' AT 3.0 0.0 -0.0
19 'PILE' AT 3.0 0.0 3.0
20 'PILE' AT 3.0 0.0 6.0
21 'PILE' AT 6.0 0.0 -6.0
22 'PILE' AT 6.0 0.0 -3.0
23 'PILE' AT 6.0 0.0 -0.0
24 'PILE' AT 6.0 0.0 3.0
25 'PILE' AT 6.0 0.0 6.0
PILE '456' "PIERS 4,5 & 6"
TOP LAYOUT
1 'PILE' AT -4.5 0.0 -4.5
2 'PILE' AT -4.5 0.0 -1.5
3 'PILE' AT -4.5 0.0 1.5
4 'PILE' AT -4.5 0.0 4.5
5 'PILE' AT -1.5 0.0 -4.5
6 'PILE' AT -1.5 0.0 -1.5
7 'PILE' AT -1.5 0.0 1.5
8 'PILE' AT -1.5 0.0 4.5
9 'PILE' AT 1.5 0.0 -4.5
10 'PILE' AT 1.5 0.0 -1.5
11 'PILE' AT 1.5 0.0 1.5
12 'PILE' AT 1.5 0.0 4.5
13 'PILE' AT 4.5 0.0 -4.5
14 'PILE' AT 4.5 0.0 -1.5
15 'PILE' AT 4.5 0.0 1.5

16 'PILE' AT 4.5 0.0 4.5

C **********************************
C
ABUTMENT DATA BLOCK
*
C **********************************
ABUTMENT STATION 18 + 65.99
CONNECTION PIN AT ABUTMENT 1 7
C **********************************
C
HINGE DATA BLOCK
*
C **********************************
HINGE
AT 3 62.5
WEIGHT 17.5
TRANS PIN
LONG PIN
TORSION FREE
C **********************************
C
BENT DATA BLOCK
*
C **********************************
BENT
HEIGHT 24.21,28.71,19.26,21.65,23.95
COLUMN 'SIX' AT BENT 2,3
COLUMN 'FIVE' AT BENT 4,5,6
COLUMN TOP FREE AT BENTS 2,5,6
COLUMN TOP END JOINT SIZE 4.21 AT BENT 2,3
COLUMN TOP END JOINT SIZE 2.25 AT BENT 4,5,6
C **********************************
C
FOUNDATION DATA BLOCK
*
C **********************************
FOUNDATION
AT BENT 2,3
SPRING CONSTANTS
KF1F1 3600
KF3F3 3600
PILE FOOTING '23'
WEIGHT 27.0 $ EFFECTIVE PILE CAP WEIGHT -(GAMMA(CONC)-GAMMA(SOIL))
AT BENT 4,5,6
SPRING CONSTANTS
KF1F1 3600
KF3F3 3600
PILE FOOTING '456'
WEIGHT 17.3 $ EFFECTIVE PILE CAP WEIGHT -(GAMMA(CONC)-GAMMA(SOIL))
AT ABUTMENT 1
SPRING CONSTANTS
KF1F1 5.
KF2F2 100000.
KF3F3 6240.
KM1M1 1000000.
KM2M2 1000000.
KM3M3 1000000.
AT ABUTMENT 7
SPRING CONSTANTS
KF1F1 550.
KF2F2 100000.
KF3F3 6240.
KM1M1 1000000.
KM2M2 1000000.
KM3M3 1000000.
C *********************************
C
LOADS DATA BLOCK
*
C *********************************

LOADS
RESPONSE SPECTRUM
MODE SHAPES 20
DIRECTION FACTORS
C
X 1.0 Y 0.0 Z 0.0 "LONGIT"
C
X 0.0 Y 0.0 Z 1.0 "TRANS"
C
X 1.0 Y 0.0 Z 0.4 "CASE I"
C
X 0.4 Y 0.0 Z 1.0 "CASE II"
ARBITRARY CURVE
PERIOD .000 .150 .75 .80 .90 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 2.0 2.25 2.50 3.0
VALUE .800 2.00 2.00 1.875 1.667 1.5 1.364 1.25 1.154 1.07 1.00 0.938 0.882 0.833 0.789 0.75 0.667 0.600 0.500
GRAVITY 32.2
FINISH