II Stage of the project.

Design of the steel girder

1. Characteristic values of actions
1. WeightTGS5 : gTGS5,k [kN/m2]
2. Weight of the (secondary) beam gB,k (IPE, IPN)
3.

Size the weight of the girder: gG,k (0,150,30)L kN/m

4.

Live loads: pk [kN/m2]

2. Values of the loads for verifications in ultimate limit state design

1. Point loads representing the reactions due to supporting the secondary beams by the girders:

Fd [1.35( g TGS5 a g B ) 1.5 p a ] l

2. Weight of the girder (U.D.L.): gG,d = 1,35gG,k

3. Values of the loads for verifications in serviceability limit state

design
1. Point loads from reactions of the secondary beams loaded only with permanent loads:

Fk , g ( g TGS5 ,k g B ,k ) l
2. Point loads from reactions of the secondary beams loaded only with live loads:

Fk ,Q p k a l
3. Weight of the girder (U.D.L.): gG,k

4. Determination of the sectional design forces

n Fd g G ,d L
Vmax, Ed
2
1. Determination of the reaction from the girder:
where n= number of secondary beam

2. Determination of the design bending moments for the verifications in U.L.S.

The values of the bending moments are written for the sections where the beams are supported on the
girder; thus x0=0, x1=0.5a, x2=1.5a.xn=L.
Since loading is symmetric along the girder, the values will be determined only for half of the girder
(x=L/2)

..

M i , Ed Vmax Ed xi

g G ,d xi2
2

Fd ( x 0 x1 ... x n / 2 )

3. Determination of the design values of the shear force in the x i sections

Vi ,right
Ed Vmax, Ed g G , d x i i Fd
5. Choosing the cross section
The girder being simply supported there is no need to insure a plastic capacity for full rotation for a total
redistribution of the plastic bending moments. We shall consider sufficient to choose a cross section in
class 2 of resistance, thus the bending capacity being determined with the plastic modulus.
The cross section must resist to the maximum bending moment.
1. Sizing a cross section in accordance:

Where Mc,Rd is the resistant bending moment determined with the plastic characteristics of the
cross section:
M c , Rd W pl , y f y / M 0
2. Determination of the necessary plastic modulus:

Direct obtain a necessary section from tables for hot rolled sections.

3. Sizing the web (tw, hw):

3.1. Impose a slenderness of the web that respects the class 2 condition for pure bending (table): w= c/tw=
hw/tw (and compare with the web of the chosen section).
3.2. Determine the allowable deflection (serviceability condition):

3.3 Determine a minimum height that satisfies the rigidity verification (counting for an elastic behaviour):

3.4. Determine the optimum height of the web:

where 0 is a default value of web slenderness, in this situation being imposed at point 3.1.
3.5. Decide the standard dimension of the steel plate (table with rolled sections)
module value;

3.6. Impose the thickness of the web from the Class 2 slenderness condition:

3.7. Verify the section for cClass 2:

3.8. Verify that the minimum dimensions of the web check for local buckling under the compressed
flange:

where k= 1 and Af=Aw

4. Size the dimensions of the flange (b, tf)
4.1. Impose the thickness of the flange:
4.2. Size the width of the flange :

The last condition being imposed from checking to shear lag of the top flange.
4.3. Choose the steel plate for flange:
4.4. Verify the class of the flange (Class 2):

4.5.

6. Determination of the sectional characteristics of the cross section

7. Verifications of the cross section in ULS. Strength verifications

1. Resistance to bending moment
1. Determine the design bending moment:

2. Verify the condition:

2. Resistance to design shear force

1. Determination of the design value of the resistance to shear of the steel:

2. Determination of the design value of the plastic resistance to shear

3. Verification:

2. Interaction between the bending moment and the shear force

In case of the presence of a point load in the middle of the girder, where the maximum bending moment,
the following condition must be fulfilled: