Report on

"Design of Ventilation System for HEAT ENGINE LAB

(Basement)"
Submitted by

Mr. Dhiraj Satish Khinvasara

(121425004)

Mr. Roshan Ramchandra Makre

(121425005)

M.Tech First Year (Thermal Engineering)

A report submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for Air

Conditioning System Design

Guided by
Dr. S.N.Sapali
Faculty of Mechanical Engineering
College of Engineering Pune
1

TABLE OF CONTENT

CONTENT

SR

PAGE
NO.

.
NO
1.
2.
3.
4.

5.
6.
7.
8.
9.

Layout of Heat Engine Lab Basement

Specification of Heat Engine Lab Basement
Outdoor Conditions & Indoor Condition
Cooling Load Calculation

4
5
6
7

Solar & Conduction heat gain through wall

Occupants
Lighting
Other
Equipment
Design Sheet
Ventilation by Air Circulation
Duct Design
Blower Selection
References

8
9
10
18
20

LIST OF FIGURES

SR.

CONTENT

NO
1.
Layout of Heat Engine lab
2.
Layout of Duct Design (For Maximum CFM)
3.
Layout of Duct Design (For Minimum CFM)

PAGE
NO.
4
14
16

2 . Specification of Heat Engine Lab (Basement)

4

The dimensions are as below

Length
Width
Height

43.2 m
18 m
3.44 m

a) Windows & Door

Sr.

Face

No
.
1
2

North
East
South
West

Nos.(Windows)

Dimension in (m)

1.99 m x 3.44 m

10

1.99m x 3.44 m

10

b) Appliances
Sr.

Particulars

Nos.

Peoples
Computers
Fans
CFL

40
25
10
60

No
.
1
2
3
4

c)

Equipment

(6)

Engine Types
4 Cylinder ,4 Stroke, water

Model
Bajaj

RPM
3800

Power (kW)
34

cooled
4 Cylinder, 4 stroke water

Premier

5000

28

1800

4.5

cooled
Research Engine Test Set up
(Petrol)

Variable compression Research

Ricardos

3000

4.4

Engine
3.Outdoor & Indoor Conditions
Outdoor Condition and Indoor Conditions for summer
Parameter
Outdoor Condition
Indoor Condition

DBT
39C
22C

RH
30%
50-%

(1)
Lat.
18N
18N

Air Velocity outside=4 m/s

(5)

Air Velocity inside = 0.5 m/s

(5)

4. Cooling Load Calculation

Cooling load can be calculated by using three methods

CLTD Method ( Corrected Cooling Load Temperature Difference )

ASHRAE Method

For this project design will be done with CLTD Method

Solar & Conduction heat gain through wall ( North-East, Roof)

Heat Gain Roofs, walls, and ceiling by conduction

Q = U x Ax

(4)

CLTD C

U = Overall heat transfer coefficient for roof or wall

BTU
2
hr ft F

2
A = Area of roof, wall, or glass in ft

CLTDC

=Corrected cooling load temperature difference, roof, wall, or glass

Corrected cooling load temperature:

CLTDC

= CLTD +LM+ (78 -

tR

)+(

ta

- 85)

Calculation of Overall Heat Transfer Coefficient(U)

(2)

Thickness of stone =0.8 m

Thermal conductivity of stone = 1.7 W/m.K
hi( Inside heat transfer coefficient ) = 72 x V

(2)

= 72 X 0.5
=36 kJ/hr.m2.K
=10 W/m2K

ho(Outside heat transfer coefficient ) = 72 x V

(2)

= 72 x 4
= 288 kJ/hr.m2.K
= 80 W/m2K
U (NE wall) =1.95 W/m2.K
U (Roof) = 0.528 W/m2.K

(4 Table 6.1)
7

1. NE WALL
Q = U x Ax

CLTD C

=1.95 x 43.2 x 0.65 x (39-22)

=930.85 W
2. ROOF
Q= U x A x

CLTD C

= 0.5280 x 43.2 x 18 x (28-22)

= 2463.43 W
Wall
North-East
Roof

Heat Load (kW)

930.85
2463.43

d) Occupants
Q (sensible) = N x (Sensible heat gain) x CLF
N = number of people in space, from best available source
Q (sensible) = 40 x 635 x 0.5
=12700 Btu/h
=3722 W
Q (latent) = N x (Latent heat gain)
= 40 x 965 Btu/h
=11310 W

(4)

(4)

e) Lighting
Q (lighting) = 3.4 x W x BF x CLF
Q

(4)

= Cooling load from lighting (BTU/hr)

W = lighting capacity= 40 x 60 W
BF = ballast factor =1.25
CLF = Cooling load factor for lighting=1

Q=3.4 x W x BF x CLF =18000 W

f) Other
In other appliances like Equipments, computers, Fans and other appliances
Computers =180 x 30 = 5400 W
Fan =70 x 20 = 1400 W

(1)

g) Equipment load

(7)

Power generated = Wshaft + Q exhaust + Q loss + W acc

W shaft = brake output power off of the crankshaft
Q exhaust = energy lost in the exhaust flow
Q loss = all other energy lost to the surroundings by heat transfer
W acc = power to run engine accessories

Wshaft

=25 40 %

Q exhaust = 20 45 %
Q loss

= 10 30 %

W acc

= 5 - 10 %

Heat loss can be subdivided

Qloss = Qcoolant + Qoil + Qambient
Qcoolant = 10 -30 %
Qoil = 5 - 15 %
Qambient = 2 - 10 %

Cooling Load Calculation ( Design Sheet)

DBT

WBT

RH(%)

Outside Conditions

39

24.4

30

Inside Condition

22

18

50

43.2

18

3.44

1.99

Room Dimensions
North East side
windows

Nos.

0.8

10
9

South west side

windows

Volume
External Cooling
Load

m3

Wall

Area
m

1.99
2674.9

0.8

10

Load

w/m k

To(C)

Ti(C)

North East

28.08

1.95

39

22

930.85

Roof
Total External
Cooling Load

777.6

0.528

28

22

2463

3366.85

Internal Cooling
Load

People
Sensible Heat
(BTU/hr)

635

Latent Heat
(BTU/hr)

965

Equipments
( Engine)

CLF

Type Of
Engine
4 cylinder,4
stroke, Bajaj
Engine
4 cylinder ,4
stroke,
Premier
Research
Engine Test
Set up (Petrol)
Ricardos E6
Type Variable
compression
Research
Engine(Petrol)
Ricardos E6
Type Variable
compression
Research
Engine(Diesel)

0.5

Nos
40

3722

40

11310

10 %

3400

10%

2800

10 %

450

8.2 kW
@300
0
rpm

10%

820

6.7 kW
@3000
rpm

10 %

670

Rated
Power
34 kW
@3800
rpm
28 kW
@5000
rpm
4.5 kW
@1800
rpm

Power loss
to
Surrounding
( IAEME)

10

Mini Computer

180 W

30

5400

Fans

70 W

20

1400

Lighting

B.F

CFL

1.25

40 W

60

18000

Tube lights
Total Internal
Cooling Load

40 W

20

3200

Total Cooling Load

on system

CLF

Nos

61172

62102.8

kW

62.102

TR

19.67

5) By Air Circulation
To determine no of air changes per hour

11

Volume of

No. of

lab(m3)

people
working

M3/(min x
person)

Air
changes
per hour

(Ventilation
standards
IS3103)
2674.94

25

20

11.21

No. of air changes per hour

CFM

10

15742

12
14

18890.45
22038.86

15

23613.06

16

25187.26

17

26761.47

18

28335.67

19

29909.88

20

31484.08

CFM = No. of air changes per hour x Volume /60

=10 x 43.2 x 18 x 4.33 x 35.31/60
=15742

6) Duct Design
For Maximum CFM = 31484
Considering Total CFM = (15742 from each branch)
12

FPM=984

(5 Table 3)

Layout of Duct Design

First Branch
Section

CFM

Length

Friction

of Duct

Loss

FPM

Duct

diameter

(m)

(m)
13

AB
BC
CD
DE

(m)
9
12
10
12.2

15472
12972
9472
4472

0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02

(m)
1.29
1.16
1.11
0.86

984
920
890
750

1.44
1.29
1.28
0.96

0.960
0.8636
0.8263
0.6420

3
Second branch
Section

CFM

Length of

Friction

PF
FG
GH
HI

15472
11972
9472
4972

Duct (m)
8
11
13
11.2

Loss
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02

FPM
984
910
890
780

Duct
diameter (m)
1.29
1.16
1.11
0.93

(m)
1.44
1.29
1.28
1.03

For Rectangular Cross section equivalent to Circular Cross Section

( ab )0.6
D=1.265
( a+b )0.2

Friction Pressure drop =

D=1.265

( ab )0.6
( a+b )0.2

( LPf ) X L

(8)
= (0.02/100) x (43.2+43.2+18) x3.28
= 0.07 of H2O Static Pressure
There are 11 fittings: eight grill, two duct turns, one damper on the wall of the Heat Engine
Lab.
The total pressure drop for fittings is
Number of Bends = 2
Number of Grills = 8
14

(m)
0.96
0.863
0.826
0.692

Damper = 1
The total pressure drop for fittings is: 0.08 x (2+8+1)
(9)
= 0.88
Therefore, the total pressure drop is: 0.88 +0.07
= 0.95 of H2O Static Pressure
For Minimum no of CFM = 15742
Considering Total CFM = (7871 from each branch)
FPM= 984

(5

Table 3)

Layout of Duct Design

First Branch
Section

CFM

Length

Friction

of Duct

Loss

(m)

FPM

Duct

diameter

(m)

(m)

(m)
15

AB
BC
CD
DE

7871
6371
4371
1871

9
12
10
12.2

0.028
0.028
0.028
0.028

984
890
800
670

1.01
0.93
0.78
0.55

1.125
1.038
0.87
0.613

0.75
0.692
0.580
0.409

5
Section

CFM

Length of
Duct (m)

PF 7871
FG 11972
GH 9472
HI 4972
Second branch

8
11
13
11.2

Friction
Loss
(in of water
per 100 ft)
0.028
0.028
0.028
0.028

FPM

Duct

diameter

(m)

(m)

(m)
984
870
800
770

1.01
0.86
0.78
0.68

1.125
1.41
0.87
0.759

For Rectangular Cross section equivalent to Circular Cross Section

( ab )0.6
D=1.265
( a+b )0.2

Friction Pressure drop =

( LPf ) X L

(8)
= (0.028/100) x (43.2+43.2+18) x3.28
= 0.1 of H2O Static Pressure
There are 11 fittings: eight grill, two duct turns, one damper on the wall of the Heat Engine
Lab.
The total pressure drop for fittings is
Number of Bends = 2
Number of Grills = 8
Damper = 1

16

0.75
0.9420
0.580
0.506

The total pressure drop for fittings is: 0.08 x (2+8+1)

(9)
= 0.88
Therefore, the total pressure drop is: 0.88 +0.1
=0.98 of H2O
Static Pressure
7) Blower Selection
Blower selection for Heat Engine Lab Basement from VENTILATION
Catalogue
(9)
CFM

SP (Static

Type of blower

1000-23000
1000-30000
700-10000

Pressure)
Up to 3.0
Up to 4.0
Up to 1.0

Inline Duct Blower

Backward Incline Belt Drive Blowers
Inline Duct Blower, Forward Curve

For Maximum CFM = 31484

Static Pressure = 0.95
For minimum CFM = 15742
Static Pressure = 0.98

For maximum CFM

We are selecting Backward Incline Belt Drive Blower having CFM 1000-30000 Static
Pressure Drop up to 4.0

17

HP
Fan RPM

2
1725

For minimum CFM

We are selecting Incline Duct Blower having CFM 1000-23000 Static Pressure Drop up to
3.0
HP
Fan RPM

1.5
1500

References :
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.

Cooling Load Calculation by ASHRAE 1997

Refrigeration and Air Conditioning by Manohar Prasad
Refrigeration and Psychometric Properties (Tables & Charts ) M.L. Mathur and F.S. Mehta
Air Conditioning Principles and system - G.Pita
Code of Practice For Industrial Ventilation IS :3103
I.C. Engine Specifications Catalogue, Dept.of Mechanical ,IIT Guwahati
International Journal Of Mechanical Engineering And Technology (IJMET)
Refrigeration and Air Conditioning by C P Arora
18

9. Ventilation Fundamentals By Dayton

19