Tata Consultancy Services Limited (TCS) is an Indian multinational information technology (IT)

service, consulting and business solutions company headquartered in Mumbai, Maharashtra.[4][5] TCS
operates in 46 countries.[3] It is a subsidiary of the Tata Group and is listed on the Bombay Stock
Exchange and the National Stock Exchange of India. TCS is the largest Indian company by market
capitalization ($80 billion)[6][7] and is the largest India-based IT services company by 2013 revenues.[8]
[9]

TCS is now placed among the Big 4 most valuable IT services brands worldwide. [10] In 2013, TCS

is ranked 40th overall in the Forbes World's Most Innovative Companies ranking, making it both the
highest-ranked IT services company and the top Indian company.[11] It is the world's 10th largest IT
services provider, measured by the revenues.[12]
Contents
[hide]

1 History
o

1.1 1968 to 2000

1.2 2000 to present

1.3 Acquisitions

2 Products and services

o

2.1 Service lines

3 Operations

3.1 Locations

3.2 TCS BPS

3.3 Tata Research Development and Design Centre

3.4 Innovation Labs

4 Employees

5 Awards

6 Sponsorships

7 Controversies
o

7.1 Class action lawsuit

7.2 Hiring in Canada

7.3 Mass Termination

8 See also

9 References

10 External links

History[edit]
1968 to 2000[edit]
Tata Consultancy Services Ltd was founded in 1968 by a division of Tata Sons Limited.[13] Its early
contracts included providing punched card services to sister company TISCO (now Tata Steel),
fortune ranking 1 working on an Inter-Branch Reconciliation System for the Central Bank of India,
[14]

and providing bureau services to Unit Trust of India.

In 1975, TCS conducted its first campus interviews, held at IISc, Bangalore. The recruits comprised
12 Indian Institutes of Technology graduates and three IISc graduates, who became the first TCS
employees to enter a formal graduate trainee programme.[15]
In 1979, TCS delivered an electronic depository and trading system called SECOM for the Swiss
company SIS SegaInterSettle. TCS followed this up with System X for the Canadian Depository
System and automating the Johannesburg Stock Exchange.[16] TCS associated with a Swiss partner,
TKS Teknosoft, which it later acquired.[17]
In 1981, TCS established India's first dedicated software research and development centre, the Tata
Research Development and Design Centre (TRDDC) in Pune.[18]
In 1985 TCS established India's first client-dedicated offshore development centre, set up for
clients Tandem.
In early the Indian IT outsourcing industry grew rapidly due to the Y2K bug and the launch of a
unified European currency, Euro. TataConsultancyServices created the factory model for Y2K
conversion and developed software tools which automated the conversion process and enabled
third-party developer and client implementation.[19]

2000 to present[edit]
On 25 August 2004, TCS became a publicly listed company.[20]
In 2005, TCS became the first India-based IT services company to enter the bioinformatics market.[21]
In 2006, TCS designed an ERP system for the Indian Railway Catering and Tourism Corporation.[22]
In 2008, TCS's e-business activities were generating over US$500 million in annual revenues. [23]

In 2008, TCS undertook an internal restructuring exercise which aimed to increase the company's
agility.[24]
TCS entered the small and medium enterprises market for the first time in 2011, with cloud-based
offerings.[25] On the last trading day of 2011, TCS overtook RIL to achieve the highest market
capitalisation of any India-based company.[26]
In the 2011/12 fiscal year, TCS achieved annual revenues of over US$10 billion for the first time. [27]
In May 2013, TCS was awarded a six-year contract worth over

1100 crores to provide services to

the Indian Department of Posts.

[28]

In 2013 TCS moved from the 13th position to 10th position in the League of top 10 global IT services
companies[29]
In July 2014,TCS became the first Indian company to cross the Rs 5 lakh crore mark in market
capitalization.[30][31]
In Jan 2015, TCS ends RIL's 23-year run as most profitable firm[32]

Acquisitions[edit]
Employe
Name

Acquisiti

Activiti

on date

es

Count
ry of
HQ

es

Pric
e

(at

Notes

acquisiti

Referen
ce

on)

Access to
domestic
capability;
CMC Limited

2001

IT

October

Services

India

$33.9
m

3,100

continues to

[33][34][35]

be a
separately
run
company.

Airline

2004

Financial

January

BPO

India

$5.1 m 400

BPO
expertise in

Support

Airline and

Services

Hospitality

[36][37]

Employe
Name

Acquisiti

Activiti

on date

es

Count
ry of
HQ

es

Pric
e

(at

Notes

acquisiti

Referen
ce

on)

India (AFS)

sector

Aviation
Software
Developmen
t

2004 March

Consultancy

IT
Services

India

$3.1 m 180

India (ASDC
)

Acquire
Phoenix
Global

expertise in
2004 May

BPO

India

$13 m 400

Solutions

insurance-

[38][39]

domain
consulting

Swedish
Indian IT

2005 May

IT
Services

Sweden

$4.8 m n/a

Acquire
blue-chip

Resources

European

AB (SITAR)

customers
like
Ericsson,
IKEA,
Vattenfall
and
Hutchison;
SITAR was
TCS

[40][41]

Employe
Name

Acquisiti

Activiti

on date

es

Count
ry of
HQ

es

Pric
e

(at

Notes

acquisiti

Referen
ce

on)

exclusive
partner in
Sweden
and a nonexclusive
partner in
Norway.

Acquired
life and
pension
outsourcing
business
Pearl Group

2005
October

Insurance

United

$94.7

Kingdom m

from Pearl
950

Group;

[42][43]

Domain
knowledge
of life and
pension
underwriting
business.

Financial

2005

Core

Network

October

Banking

acquired

Product

core

Services (FN
S)

Australia

$26 m 190

TCS

banking
solution
product
(BANCS)

[44][45]

Employe
Name

Acquisiti

Activiti

on date

es

Count
ry of
HQ

Pric
e

es
(at

Notes

acquisiti

Referen
ce

on)

and access
to 116
customers
in 35
countries;
FNS was an
existing
partner for
TCS.

Entry into
Latin
Comicrom

2005

Banking

November

BPO

America;
Chile

$23 m 1,257

Access to

[46][47]

payment
processing
platform.

Tata Infotech 2006

February

IT
Services

India

$259.2 3,600

The merger

of Tata
Infotech
added 15
new
Fortune 500
clients and
enhanced
TCS
systems
integration

[48][49][50]

Employe
Name

Acquisiti

Activiti

on date

es

Count
ry of
HQ

es

Pric
e

(at

Notes

acquisiti

Referen
ce

on)

and
infrastructur
e service
capabilities.

TCS
Managemen
t

2006

IT

November

Services

Access to
Australia

$13 m 35

Australian

[51][52]

clients

Expand
product
portfolio by
acquiring
rights to
Quartz and
TKS-

2006

Banking

Switzerla $80.4

Teknosoft

November

Product

nd

115

ownership

[53]

of Alpha
and eportfolio,
enhanced
presence in
Switzerland
and France

Citigroup

2008

Captive

Global

December

BPO

India

$512
m

12,472

TCS
acquired

Services

ofCitigroup

key Banking

Limited

Inc.

and

[54][55]

Employe
Name

Acquisiti

Activiti

on date

es

Count
ry of
HQ

es

Pric
e

(at

Notes

acquisiti

Referen
ce

on)

Financial
Services
(BFS)
domain
knowledge.

TCS had a
deal with
Supervalu

Captive
Supervalu
Services
India

to have

IT/BPO
2010

unit of

September

Supervalu

India

$100
m

their
600

Inc. in

Software

[56]

Outsourcing
to TCS and

India

acquired
Supervalu
India.

Acquire
expertise in
High
Computation
al Research 2012 August
Laboratories

High
Performan
ce
Computing

Performanc
India

$34 m 80

e
Computing
(HPC)
applications
and Cloud
services

[57][58]

Employe
Name

Acquisiti

Activiti

on date

es

Count
ry of
HQ

es

Pric

(at

Notes

Referen

acquisiti

ce

on)

Access to
blue-chip
French and
European
Alti SA

2013 April

IT
Services

France

$97.5
Mn

clients in
1,200

banking,

[59]

luxury,
manufacturi
ng and
utilities
sectors

Products and services[edit]

TCS and its 67 subsidiaries[60] provide a wide range of information technology-related products and
services including application development, business process outsourcing, capacity planning,
consulting, enterprise software, hardware sizing, payment processing, software management and
technology education services.[61] Its established software products are TCS BaNCS and TCS
MasterCraft.[62]

Service lines[edit]
TCS' services are currently organised into the following service lines (percentage of total TCS
revenues in the 2012-13 fiscal year generated by each respective service line is shown in
parentheses):

Application development and maintenance (43.80%);

Asset leverage solutions (2.70%);

Assurance services (7.70%);

Business process outsourcing (12.50%);

Consulting (2.00%);

Engineering and Industrial services (4.60%);

Enterprise solutions (15.20%); and

IT infrastructure services (11.50%).[61]

Operations[edit]
TCS have 230 offices across 46 countries and 147 delivery centers in 21 countries. [3] At the same
date TCS had a total of 58 subsidiary companies.[61]

Locations[edit]
TCS has operations in the following locations:
India: Ahmedabad, Bangalore, Baroda, Bhubaneswar, Chennai, Coimbatore, Patna, Delhi, Gandhin
agar, Goa, Gurgaon, Guwahati, Hyderabad, Bhopal , Indore, Jamshedpur,Kochi, Kolkata, Lucknow,
Mumbai, Nagpur, Noida, Pune and Trivandrum[63][64]
Africa: South Africa, Morocco(closed down)[65][66]
Asia (excluding India): Bahrain, China, Israel, UAE, Hong
kong, Indonesia, Japan, Malaysia, Philippines, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, South
Korea, Taiwan, Thailand, Qatar[67][68][69]
Australia: Australia
Europe: Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Hungary, Iceland, Republic of
Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerlandand United
Kingdom.
North America: Canada, Mexico and United States.
South America: Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru and Uruguay.[70]

Tata Consultancy
Services,Hyderabad

The Tata Consultancy Services

campus in Lucknow

Tata Consultancy Services

onGrosvenor Square, London

TCS BPS[edit]
TCS BPS (Business Process Services)is the third-largest India-based IT outsourcing company
(after Genpact).[71] The BPS division had revenues of US$1.44 billion in the FY 2012-13 which was
12.5% of the total revenue of TCS.[72] TCS BPS has more than 45,000 employees which serve over

225 million customers across 11 countries.[73] The rate of attrition in BPS division during the financial
year 2012-13 was 19.5%.[74]
In 2006, TCS won a $35 million contract from Eli Lilly and Company for providing data
management, biostatistics and medical writing services.[75][76]
In 2007, TCS won a major multi-year deal from Swiss pharmaceutical major Hoffmann-La Roche. As
per this deal, TCS will provide data management, biostatistics, clinical programming and drug
safety support to Hoffmann-La Roche's global pharmaceutical development efforts.[77][78][79]
Tata Consultancy Services has also opened a business process outsourcing facility in the
Philippines.[80]

Tata Research Development and Design Centre[edit]

Main article: Tata Research Development and Design Centre
TCS established the first software research center in India, the Tata Research Development and
Design Centre, in Pune, India in 1981. TRDDC undertakes research in Software
engineering, Process engineering and systems research. Researchers at TRDDC also
developed MasterCraft (now a suite of digitization and optimization tools)[81] a Model Driven
Development software that can automatically create code based on a model of a software, and
rewrite the code based on the user's needs.[82] Research at TRDDC has also resulted in the
development of Sujal, a low-cost water purifier that can be manufactured using locally available
resources. TCS deployed thousands of these filters in theIndian Ocean Tsunami disaster of 2004 as
part of its relief activities.[83] This product has been marketed in India as Tata swach, a low cost water
purifier.[84]

Innovation Labs[edit]
In 2007, TCS launched its co-innovation network, a network of innovation labs, start up alliances,
university research departments, and venture capitalists. [85][86] In addition, TCS has 19 innovation labs
based in three countries.[87] TCS' partners include Collabnet, Cassatt, academic institutions such
as IITs, Stanford, MIT and venture capitalists likeSequoia and Kleiner Perkins.[88]

Employees[edit]
TCS is one of the largest private sector employers in India,[89] and the second-largest employer
among listed Indian companies (after Coal India Limited).[90]
TCS had a total of 276,196 employees as of March 2013, of which 31% were women. [61] The number
of non-Indian nationals was 21,282 as at March 31, 2013 (7.7%). [61][91] The employee costs for the FY
2012-13 were US$4.38 billion, which was approx. 38% of the total revenue of the company for that
period.[1] In the fiscal year 2012-13, TCS recruited a total of 69,728 new staff, of whom 59,276 were
based in India and 10,452 were based in the rest of the world. [61] In the same period, the rate of

attrition was 10.6%.[61] The average age of a TCS employee is 28 years.[61] The employee utilisation
rate, excluding trainees, for the FY 2012-13 was 82%. [61] TCS was the fifth-largest United States visa
recipient in 2008 (after Infosys, CTS, Wipro and Mahindra Satyam).[92][93] In 2012, the Tata group
companies, including TCS, were the second largest recipient of H-1B visas. [94][95]
Subramaniam Ramadorai, former CEO of TCS, has written an autobiographical book about his
experiences in the company called The TCS Story...and Beyond.[96]
As of Jun 2014, TCS has over 300,000 employees. It is world's third largest IT employer behind IBM
and HP.

Awards[edit]

TCS ranked #1 for customer satisfaction in the UK.[97]

TCS was awarded the Business Standard's Company of the Year award for 2012.[98]

In 2012, the company won Gold Shield award for excellence in financial reporting from the
Institute of Chartered Accountants of India (ICAI).[72][99]

The company won 'Recruiting and Staffing Industry Leader of the Year' and Best Employer
Brand awards at the World HRD Congress' annual meet in 2012. [72]

TCS was ranked #1 IT service provider for the Manufacturing in Europe, Middle East and
Africa (EMEA) by International Data Corporation in 2014.[100]

Sponsorships[edit]
TCS is the title sponsor for Amsterdam Marathon, Bangalore 10k, New York City Marathon[101] and
one of the sponsors of Berlin Marathon, Chicago Marathon, Boston Marathon, Bangalore 10k
marathon and Mumbai Marathon.[102] TCS is a sponsor of Indian Premier League team Rajasthan
Royals since 2009.[103] In addition, TCS provides Rajasthan Royals with technology to help in analysis
of player performance, simulation and use of RFID tags for tracking the players fitness levels and for
security purposes in the stadiums.[104][105] TCS sponsors an annual IT quiz for high school students
called TCS IT Wiz.[106]

Controversies[edit]
Class action lawsuit[edit]
On 14 February 2006, U.S. law firm Lieff Cabraser Heimann & Bernstein, LLP filed a nationwide
class action lawsuit against Tata.[107] In July 2013, judge Claudia Wilken of theU.S. District Court,

Northern District of California in Oakland, California, granted final approval to the settlement of the
lawsuit on behalf of all non-U.S. citizens employed by TCS within the state of California from 14
February 2002 to 30 June 2005. The workers claimed that they were forced to sign over their federal
and state tax refunds to their employer, as well as stating their Indian salaries were wrongfully
deducted from their U.S. pay.[108] On February 22, 2013, the Company entered into an agreement to
settle for a sum of INR 16,163 lakhs ($29.75 million), this class action suit filed in a United States
Court relating to payment to employees on deputation. [61]
Charleston County in South Carolina sued Tata Consultancy Services for delivering botched
software. TCS won the contract to create an online tax system (digiTax) for a $1.2 million. The
system was supposed to go live in July 2004 but was plagued by several delays. Tata developed the
software at its offshore development center in Chennai, India. The software was rejected by
Charleston County during user acceptance testing where it failed to meet even the basic
requirements. County sued Tata and it agreed to pay back $1 million in out of court settlement.
County finally bought an off the shelf solution.[109]

Hiring in Canada[edit]
In May 2013 the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation, in its extensive coverage of the hiring of
temporary foreign workers in Canada and the unemployment issues faced by Canadians, reported
that TCS rarely hires skilled experienced Canadians while advertising open positions in Canada.
TCS responded that the company hired more than 125 Canadian workers in 2013. [110]

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