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PREFACE.............................................................................................................................. 3
CHAPTER I. SUMMARY ABOUT THE PROJECT............................................................3
1.1. Description about the project, proposing agency, project implementation agency and
project operation agency....................................................................................................3
1.1.1. Description about the project...............................................................................3
1.1.2. Project-relevant agenices.....................................................................................8
1.2. Project implementation schedule................................................................................9
1.2.2. Investment preparation progress..........................................................................9
1.2.3. Progress of investment implementation...............................................................9
1.3. Project implementation site........................................................................................9
1.4. Investment for the project.........................................................................................10
1.4.1. Total investment.....................................................................................................10
1.4.2. Capital for the project........................................................................................10
CHAPTER II. BACKGROUND AND BASIS OF THE PROJECT....................................11
2.1. Project Background...................................................................................................11
2.2. Basis for identification of the project necessary........................................................11
2.2.1. Macro environment and development policies of the country............................11
2.2.2. Project conditions and background....................................................................14
2.2.3. Market...............................................................................................................16
Basic for the project preparation..................................................................................19
2.3. Project objectives......................................................................................................21
2.3.1. Genenral objectives of the project......................................................................21
2.3.2. Specific objectives of the project.......................................................................21
2.4. Adaptability and orientation of the drainage & sewage planning for urban areas and
industrial zones in Vietnam..............................................................................................22
2.4.1. Orientation for the drainage & sewage development in urban areas and industrial
zones in Vietnam.........................................................................................................22
2.4.2. The master plan of urban drainage & sewage system of HCMC made by JICA.
..................................................................................................................................... 22
2.4.3 Conformability with the flood control of HCMC...............................................24
2.4.4. Conformability with the master construction planning of HCMC.....................26
LIST OF FIGURES
LIST OF TABLES
3.5 Preferences............................................................................................................100
Risk identification and recovery measures in term of technology......................................118
PREFACE
Hochiminh Cit is the biggest city as well as a key economic, cultural, scientific, technical &
political center in the country with 19 urban districts and 5 sub-districts with total natural area of
around 2095,01 km2 with the total current population of around 7.5 million persons and 2.5 million
visitors and temporary resident with the average density of 4773 persons/km2. HCMC always has
had a very important role in the Vietnam economy. Thanks to the favorable natural condition,
HCMC is the key traffic junction of Vietnam and South East Asia, including roads, railways,
waterways and air.
In recent years, HCMC has faced problems of a big metropolitan area with too rapid growth
of population. In the urban area, the roads have become too narrow with high frequency of traffic
jam, public transport system is inefficient and environment is being pollution due to traffic
vehicles, construction site and industrial zones, etc. In addition the most serious matter of the city
at the moment is the flood condition and collection of domestic waste. In the recent years, flood
condition has often occurred, especially in the high tidal day. The flood condition is caused by
different reasons, such as high tide in combination with the increase of coastal water and heavy and
sudden rains, infrastructure, especially rainwater collection system, wastewater treatment & solid
waste management, which are not priotized for investment and have not meet the urban
development, affecting life, health and environment of residents as well as socio-economic
development of the city significantly.
Regarding HCMC in general and District 2 in particular, the investment in construction of a
system for sewage, wastewater collection and treatment is very necessary. However the
construction of infrastructure projects with a large amount of capital is extremely difficult . For
years, the ODA fund for infrastructure investment has been invested throughout Vietnam including
the ODA of World Bank which is dispersed in different localities in the country. With the approval
of the Government and Ministries, a drainage and sewage project in the period of 2002-2012
(Project - Phase 1) in Hochiminh is invested by ODA of World Bank. Up to now, the works of the
Project in this period has proved the efficiency and improved the environmental condition
significantly, contribution to the great benefit for the local residents.
The feasible study is prepared in order to propose design for sewage and drainage system in
order to increase the service coverage of the project for the area in the Phase II, which have not
been archived in the Project - Phase I. The project is the consecutive step to improve the overall
environmental in Hochiminh City through the construction of drainage & sewage system of the
area in Phase II.
This report is the basis for defining the invested volume, total investment fund and
effectiveness analysis of the project in terms of finance, socio-economy. In addition, the report also
represent about matters related to environmental impact, resettlement, institutional issues,
management and operation, etc.
Page 3
Install gates at the outlets of the drainage system in order to reduce the flood condition
in case of high tide and increase capacity of rainwater reserve in the pipeline system.
Construct domestic wastewater system at the secondary and third grade from
households and public works to connect with the common wastewater collection
Page 4
pipeline of the city and transfer to the wastewater treatment plant in order to reduce
water pollution source and improve health of the community as well as contribute to the
living condition of the people.
Support to construct domestic wastewater system and septic tank for households having
low income in District 2 to connect with the wastewater collection network with grade
3.
The systems for rainwater collection, discharge system and flood control in case of
raining condition and high tide including:
Table 1. Details of items in the rainwater collection system
No.
System
Construction
Thao Dien
Area
Outlet
II
Items
Construction
Unit
Quantity
Pipeline
- Pipeline 1500
3.570
- Pipeline 1200
3.770
- Pipeline 1000
Outlet
- Outlet 1500
540
pcs
- Outlet 1200
pcs
- Outlet 1000
Manhole
- Manhole with pipeline 1500
pcs
pcs
85
pcs
88
pcs
14
pcs
187
pcs
- Outlet 800
pcs
10
- Outlet 600
pcs
13
- Outlet 400
Pipeline
- Pipeline 1500
pcs
1.493
- Pipeline 1200
2.406
- Pipeline 1000
886
- Pipeline 800
Outlet
- Outlet 1500
1.119
pcs
- Outlet 1000
pcs
- Outlet 800
pcs
Page 5
No.
Area
System
Outlet
III
Items
Construction
Outlet
Unit
Quantity
Manhole
- Manhole with pipeline 1500
pcs
38
pcs
58
pcs
24
pcs
28
pcs
148
pcs
- Outlet 600
pcs
- Outlet 400
- Outlet of open dykes B = 500
Pipeline
- Box culvert 2000x2000
- Pipeline 2000
pcs
pcs
m
m
m
2
701
1.610
- Pipeline 1500
2.612
- Pipeline 1200
431
- Pipeline 1000
4.768
- Pipeline 800
5.141
- Pipeline 600
858
- Pipeline 500
Outlet
- Outlet of box culvert
- Outlet 2000
484
pcs
pcs
1
2
- Outlet 1500
pcs
- Outlet 1200
pcs
- Outlet 1000
Manhole
- Manhole with culvert box Bxh
(2000x2000)
- Manhole with pipeline 2000
pcs
pcs
15
pcs
36
pcs
58
pcs
12
pcs
107
pcs
118
pcs
21
pcs
13
pcs
380
pcs
pcs
1
1
Page 6
No.
Area
System
Items
- Outlet 1500
Unit
pcs
Quantity
1
- Outlet 1200
pcs
- Outlet 1000
pcs
- Outlet 800
pcs
- Outlet 600
pcs
- Outlet 400
pcs
No.
Area
Network
Items
Pipeline
- Pipeline 500
Grade 2
Thao Dien
Grade 3
Grade 2
II
Nam Thao
Dien
Grade 3
III
Binh Trung
Dong - Binh
Grade 2
- Pipeline 400
- Pipeline crossing channels
Cross section with the existing
facilities
Manhole
- Manhole 500
- Manhole 400
Pipeline
- Pipeline 300
Cross section with the existing
facilities
Manhole
- Manhole 300
Pipeline
- Pipeline 1000
- Pipeline 800
- Pipeline crossing over channels
Cross section with the existing
facilities
Manhole
- Manhole 1000
- Manhole 800
Pipeline
- Pipeline 300
Cross section with the existing
facilities
Manhole
- Manhole 300
Pipeline
- Pipeline 1200
Unit
Quantity
7.663
2.836
m
point
207
18
pcs
143
pcs
56
29.882
point
176
pcs
872
2.199
1.241
m
point
62
6
pcs
44
pcs
26
12.413
point
23
pcs
436
1.623
Page 7
No.
Area
Trung Tay Cat lai
Network
Grade 3
IV
Other areas
Grade 2
Items
- Pipeline 1000
Unit
m
Quantity
1.340
- Pipeline 600
3.190
- Pipeline 500
- Pipeline crossing channels
Cross section with the existing
facilities
Manhole
- Manhole 1200
1.946
m
point
80
30
pcs
34
- Manhole 1000
pcs
26
- Manhole 600
pcs
66
- Manhole 500
Pipeline
- Pipeline 300
Cross section with the existing
facilities
Manhole
- Manhole 300
Pipeline
- Pipeline 1500
pcs
42
41.165
point
102
pcs
1.196
1.679
- Pipeline 1200
3.528
- Pipeline 800
607
- Pipeline 600
1.201
- Pipeline 500
5.985
- Pipeline 400
- Pipeline crossing over channels
Manhole
- Manhole 1500
3.740
840
pcs
41
- Manhole 1200
pcs
84
- Manhole 800
pcs
16
- Manhole 600
pcs
30
- Manhole 500
pcs
142
- Manhole 400
Transition pumping station
pcs
89
station
Page 8
no
content
1
2
time
06/2013
08/2013
10/2013
11/2013
12/2013
01/2014
03/2014
05/2014
09/2014
01/2017
Page 9
1.737.551.000.000
VN
Equipment costs
8.242.172.730
VN
Compensation costs
4.469.445.384
VN
12.760.000.000
VN
58.699.000.000
VN
13.062.000.000
VN
889.774.000.000
VN
Construction costs
Contingency costs
1.4.2. Capital for the project.
The counter-part fund from the city budget is 280.710.789.031 VN for Compensation,
Project management, Consultant costs for investment & construction , reserve volumes arising.
The ODA fund from WB is 2.443.846.829.083 for Construction, inflation reserve.
Page 10
Page 11
To Sai Gon River on the South separating the district with District 7, to Nha Be River
separating with Nhon Trach District, Dong Nai Province.
To Sai Gon River on the East separating with Binh Thanh District, District 1 and District 4
in order from the North to the South.
To District 9 on the East.
There are 11 districts and 51 residential quarters hamlets, 562 residential groups, in which
Thanh My Loi Ward is the largest area of 1325.44 ha, accounting for 26.41% and Thu Thiem Ward
is the smallest area of 150.42 ha, accounting for 3.0%.
The genera, objectives of the socio-economic development of the district in the period of
2011 2015 are to achieve the rapid and sustainable economic growth and enhance the
development potentials for the country. The city is striving to achieve the following objectives:
GDP growth rate is 7 8% / year on the average of 5 years, the reduction of poverty rate is 2 3%/
year as well as the institution of the market economy shall be complete and environment of
business and investment shall be equal, transparent, stable in order to release difficulties and
promote investment and development of production and business.
Promote the advantages and strength of sectors and regions, especially focusing on the
development and production of highly added-value products. Develop agriculture based on
promoting the comparative advantages of regions and localities. Encourage the development of
different economic sectors in parallel with continuing innovation and improvement of economic
efficiency of state-own sectors in order to play as the decisive role in the market economy with
socialist orientation. At the same time, all favorable conditions shall be facilitated to develop the
private sector and enterprises with foreign investment.
The main objectives in the period is to increase the average GDP growth rate of 7% 8%,
the export growth rate on average of 12%, the estimated national budget of around 22 23% and
the investment rate for development of about 40 41% of GDP. The five experienced lessons to
cope with the global finance crisis were drafted.
The socio-economic plan in the 2011 2015 was prepared in accordance with socioeconomic and environment condition. Up to the year of 2015, the number of trained workers will
account for 55% of the total population, the poverty rate will reduce 2%/year, and the unemployed
rate will reduced to 4%. Regarding the development of urban infrastructure and residential area, the
objectives is to modernize and develop the infrastructure system in urban area, to improve water
supply system and to supply water sufficiently for the city and industrial zones.
Page 12
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Page 13
Page 14
the scattered industrial factories and service facilities having toxic wastewater must have local
wastewater before discharge to the common drainage system; the key works must be invested
according to the investment phases with suitable technology; the involvement of private sectors for
the construction and operation of drainage system shall be implemented; the polluters must pay for
the treatment and discharge fee in order to maintain and operate the system as well as return for the
investment costs.
Regarding the drainage system, the rainwater discharge and flood reduction in the rainy
season in the urban areas of grade II are priotized issues for settlement in 2015; the service
coverage of the drainage system shall be increase from 50-60% to 70-80%. By 2025, the food shall
be eliminated fully in the urban area. Regarding the sewage system, the urban areas from grade IV
shall be provided with central domestic wastewater treatment system. The ratio of collected and
treated domestic wastewater shall be 70-80% and meet the regulations after treatment. The central
or dispersed treatment plants in the residential areas shall operate continuously and the wastewater
after treatment shall meet the regulations.
According to the vision to 2050, the urban areas from grade IV shall be constructed with a
completed drainage & sewage system, including rainfall discharge, wastewater collection and
treatment. The wastewater from small urban area (grade 5) and craft villages shall be collected and
treated at the central or dispersed wastewater treatment system. The flood must be solved
thoroughly and all wastewater must be treatment before discharging to the environment. The
proposed solution is to complete the legal system about drainage & sewage. The central cities must
prepare and approve the master plan of drainage & sewage systems, define the flow charts of the
systems, discharge basins and receiving bodies, define the investors and investment phases. ODA
funds shall be priotized for the investment and development of urban drainage & sewage system,
especially the large urban areas and urban area affected by the natural disasters. In addition, the
investment from local and foreign individuals and organizations shall be moiled for the investment
and construction of drainage & sewage system, especially for the wastewater treatment with
different types.
b. Regions (localities)
Strategic policies of HCMC.
The policy objectives and orientations of the city for socio-economic development are
represented very clearly with the policies for environmental improvement and social infrastructure
improvement in order to meet the economic development.
To promote industrialization, modernization, mobilize and exploit domestic resources,
attract and use effectively the external resources, improve the rate and quality of growth in each
sector, business, region or locality in order that the society and economy develop sustainably and
strongly.
To improve investment in the socio-economic infrastructure, improve quality, effectiveness
and capacity of economic integration, to create the improvement in science & technology,
education & training, employment opportunities, poverty reduction as well as living standard and
strengthen politic stability and national defense & security.
Improve public awareness about environmental protection, etc.
Orientations for HCMC development plan
Based on revision of the master planning of HCMC to 2025 approved in Decision no.
24/Q-TTg dated 06/01/2010 by the Prime Minister on the master construction planning of HCMC
to 2025, the city shall continue to play an important role in the region as the regional, national and
world-wide key economic zone. The construction and sustainable development shall be
Page 15
Page 16
Besides, changes in tidal level in Sai Gon in the recent years are very warning. According to
the hydrological monitoring of the Southern meteorological station, the water level at the highest
tide at Phu Van hydrographic station has been increasing in the recent years. According to the
monitoring data, the highest tide in Phu An Station on Sai Gon River is 1.55 m, higher than the
historical highest tide of 1.54 in 49 years ago. The highest tide was 1.56, 1.57 and 1.58 in 2009,
2010 and 2011, respectively. Now the highest tide is 1.61 in September 2012.
HCMC is located at the downstream of Dong Nai River and Van Co River, which is the
transition part from the hilly region of South East area. The terrain elevation varies from +30 m e
(northern region of Cu Chi, Thu Duc) to +0.5 m elevation (the South of District 7, Nha Be District,
Can Gio District, Ho Chi Minh City). The slope is lower from the North East North to the South
West West.
It is possible to divide the study area into 4 terrains:
- The hilly area is located mainly on the north of Cu Chi, North of Thu Duc, Hoc Mon,
Tan Binh, Go Vap. The topography of this area is complex, uneven. The ground elevation varies
from 2 m 33m. The highest locations are Long Binh Hill and Long Thanh My Hill (30m). Areas
in Hoc Mon, Binh Chanh, Tan Binh, Go Vap is gradually inclining and less even with the elevation
from 3.0 7.0 m.
- The wetland area is located on the West and South West of the city in the surrounding
area of Thay Cai An Ha Rach Tra Channel. The natural height is rather low 0.3 0.4m. The
area is also the cross section of different water flows.
- The lowland area is located on the south and southeast of Cu Chi, on the East of Hoc
Mon, on the South of Thu Duc, Nha Be, on the South of Binh Chanh, District 8 in Ho Chi Minh
City and Can Giuoc & Can Duoc in Long An Province. The terrain is relatively low and flat,
divided by interlacing network of rivers. The ground elevation varies from 0.3 1.0 m, and the
average is 0.5 0.8 m. Therefore, the area is governed by semi-diurnal regime of rivers and very
convenient for using the watercourse for irritation for improvement of land and environment
condition.
- Coastal area is the southernmost land and adjacent to the sea. The terrain is flat and the
average ground elevation is 0.7 0.8 m. However, the thick sand dunes along the beach has a
relative elevation from 1.5 to 2.5 m. The region is divided by interlacing channel, forming many
large and small islands. The impact of the tide here is very strong. The table below shows the
distribution of the land area in the study based on the elevation.
Table 3. The area divided based on the elevation at the downstream of Sai Gon Dong Nai
Right side of Sai Gon Left side of Sai Gon
Total
River
Nha Be River
Area (ha) Ratio (%) Area (ha) Ratio (%) Area (ha) Ratio (%)
No.
Elevation
17.5
285
0.13
1,843
2.23
2,128
0.71
15.0
2,636
1.21
2,143
2.59
4,779
1.59
12.5
6,184
2.84
2,469
2.98
8,653
2.88
10.0
13,026
5.98
2,849
3.44
15,857
5.28
8.0
22,414
10.28
3,304
3.99
25,718
8.55
5.0
31,863
14.62
3,893
4.71
35,756
11.89
2.0
60,957
27.97
4,839
5.85
65,796
21.88
Page 17
No.
Elevation
< 2.0
157,015
72.03
77,889
94.15
234,904
78.12
Total
217,952
100
82,728
100
300,700
100
Water demand
2010
2015
2025
2010
2015
2025
2010
2015
2025
Domestic use
180
200
200
180
200
200
180
180
200
Public works
36
40
40
18
30
30
20
20
25
Visitors
35
35
35
25
25
30
20
25
30
18
15
15
15
15
15
16
18
18
Page 18
Water demand
Total
2010
2015
2025
2010
2015
2025
2010
2015
2025
269
290
290
238
270
275
236
243
273
Thus, District 2 is located in the new urban areas with the demand for water supply of 200 l
/person/day, the demand for domestic wastewater is 180 liters / person / day (10% due to nonrevenue water). Therefore, the total amount of domestic wastewater in District 2 is 23,944.5 m 3/day
now and 117,000 m3/day in 2025. If the wastewater is not collected and treated but discharged
directly to the environment to drainage systems, it shall be a risk for environmental pollution in
surrounding areas, especially the water environment, affecting the health of residents.
Basic for the project preparation.
Legal regulations of the Government.
Law on Construction no. 16/2003/QH passed by the National Assembly of the Socialist
Republic of Vietnam on 26/11/2003;
Decree no. 15/2013/N-CP dated 6/02/2013 by the Government on construction quality
management;
Decree no. 85/2009/N-CP dated 15/10/2009 by the Government guiding the Bidding Law
and the selection of construction contractors under the Construction Law.
Decree no. 112/2009/N-CP dated 14/12/2009 by the Government on management of work
construction investment expenses
Decree no. 67/2003/N-CP dated 13/6/2003 by the Government on environmental
protection charges for waste water and Decree no. 04/2007/N-CP dated 8/1/2007 amending and
supplementing a number of articles of the Government's Decree 67/2003/ND-CP.
Decision no. 1930/Q-TTg dated 20/11/2009 by the Prime Minster approving orientations
for development of water drainage in Vietnamese urban centers and industrial parks up to 2050
Decision no. 752/Q/TTg dated 19/6/2001 by the Prime Minster on the approval of the
HCMC master plan of the drainage & sewage system to 2020;
Decision no. 1547/Q/TTg dated 28/10/2008 by the Prime Minster on the approval of
irrigation planning for flood control in HCMC;
Decision no. 24/Q/TTg dated 06/01/2010 by the Prime Minster on the Master construction
planning of HCMC to 2025;
Circular no. 04/2010/TT-BXD dated 26/05/2010 by the Ministry of Construction guiding
formulation and management of costs of investment in work construction;
Official Letter no. 957/BXD-VP dated 29/09/2009 by the Ministry of Construction
announcing about the norms of project management costs and consultancy costs for investment and
construction.
Vietnam Building Code, Volume 1 and volume 3, promulgated in the Decision no. /BXDCSXD dated 14/12/1996 by the Ministry of Construction.
Official Letter no. 7654/TC-TCDN dated 22/06/2005 by the Ministry of Finance sent to the
Ministry of Planning and Investment (Department of Economic Affairs) about comments on the
project for drainage & sewage network expansion in Ho Chi Minh City and registration for loans
from the World Bank;
Page 19
Official Letter no. 7600/BKH-KTN by the Ministry of Planning & Investment dated 02/
11/2005 on the usage of WB loans for the project for drainage & sewage network expansion in Ho
Chi Minh City ;
Official Letter no. 6795/BTC-TCN dated 12/06/2013 by the Ministry of Finance about the
comments (second) on the adjustment of drainage & sewage in HCMC with the loan of WB;
Official Letter no. 5136/BKH-KTDN on 15/07/2013 by the Ministry of Planning and
Investment about comments on the adjustment in terms of project scale and investment of the
Project for drainage & sewage network expansion in Ho Chi Minh City and connection with
households in District 2, HCMC financed by WB ;
Decision no. 33/2007/QD-UBND dated 05/09/2007 by Peoples Committee of HCMC on
authorization for management of project investment and construction;
Legal documents of Peoples Committee of HCMC:
Decision no. 33/2007/Q-UBND dated 05/09/2007 by Peoples Committee on the
authorization for management of construction project;
Statistical Yearbook of Ho Chi Minh City in 2012;
Standards & Regulations:
Standard TCXDVN 33:2006 - Water Supply - Distribution System and Facilities;
Standard TCXDVN 7957:2008 Drainage and sewerage - External Networks and
Facilities;
Regulation QCVN 14/2008/BTNMT: National technical regulation on domestic
wastewater;
Regulation
Wastewater;
QCVN
24/2009/BTNMT: National
Technical Regulation on
Industrial
Page 20
The detailed master plans (zoning) with the scale of 1/2000 and construction project 1/500
in District 2 which has been studies, adjusted and approved;
Statistical Yearbooks of the Department of Statistics and Ho Chi Minh City and Statistical
Office of District 2 in recent years;
The documentation and data status by the People's Committee and the sectors &
departments of District 2 provided additional research during the project;
The existing Documents and data prepared and revised by Peoples Committee and
departments of District 2 during the project study.
Maps:
The zoning maps of general adjustment of Master Plan 2025 by the City Planning Institute
in collaboration with the City Building Consultants Nikken Sekkei (Japan) implementation.
The master planning maps of District 2, approved in accordance with Decision no.
6707/Q-UBND dated 29/12/2012 by the Peoples Committee of Hochiminh City.
The existing terrain maps made with digital technology by Cadastral and Construction
Surveying Company (Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment) made in June 2004 with the
VN2000 national coordinate system and provided by HCMC Department of Natural Resources and
Environment)
The Urban detailed planning map (zoning) with the scale of 1/2000, which was approved
and provided by Department of Planning & Architecture & Urban Management Division, up to
May 2013.
The Projects for development and infrastructure construction (especially transport) which
have been implemented in District 2.
2.3. Project objectives
2.3.1. General objectives of the project
- Improving environmental condition in HCMC through the construction of drainage &
sewage works, sanitary and wastewater treatment works.
- Increase the durability of urban infrastructure and services in HCMC.
- Reduce environmental pollution for urban area.
- Increase the durability of the urban infrastructure and service in HCMC.
- Reduce environmental pollution for the urban area.
- Minimize the epidemics caused by the stagnant and untreated water. The rainwater and
wastewater in most residential areas of the city will be discharged properly to eliminate negative
impacts on the people's health and activities of the city caused by water discharge.
- Improve awareness about the creation and preservation of a salubrious environment.
Strengthen capacity of management operational regarding drainage & sewage system of Ho Chi
Minh City Urban Drainage Company Ltd.
- Create a favorable condition to attract more investors and people to live in new urban
areas as well as attract investors in terms of production and business to invest in industrial zones &
tourism areas.
2.3.2. Specific objectives of the project
Construct the drainage & sewage system in District 2, Hochiminh City in order to meet
socio-economic development planning of the city in the period of 2013 2020, including:
Page 21
Install gates at the outlets of the drainage system in order to reduce the flood condition
in case of high tide and increase capacity of rainwater reserve in the pipeline system.
Construct domestic wastewater system at the secondary and third grade from
households and public works to connect with the common wastewater collection
pipeline of the city and transfer to the wastewater treatment plant in order to reduce
water pollution source and improve health of the community as well as contribute to the
living condition of the people.
Support to construct domestic wastewater system and septic tank for households having
low income in District 2 to connect with the wastewater collection network with grade
3.
2.4. Adaptability and orientation of the drainage & sewage planning for urban areas and
industrial zones in Vietnam.
2.4.1. Orientation for the drainage & sewage development in urban areas and industrial zones in
Vietnam.
In the year of 1998, the national program for the fresh water, sanitary of Vietnam was
carried out, and it has a very clear and effective results. The number of residents accessing to fresh
water and sanitary condition have been improved significantly.
Decision no. 1930/Q-TTg dated 20/11/2009 by the Prime Minster approving orientations
for development of water drainage in Vietnamese urban centers and industrial parks up to 2025 and
vision to 2050 with the following contents:
- The drainage & sewage is the public service, which is encouraged by the Government for
local and foreign organizations and individuals from different economic sectors to participate in
investment.
- The drainage & sewage system should be constructed synchronously in order to ensure the
complete process from collection, transfer and treatment for each basin; the construction of the
drainage & sewage systems is the prioritized for the big urban areas (especially the grade I and II),
or the tourism centers or urban areas having significant effects on environment.
- The scattered industrial factories and service facilities having toxic wastewater must have
local wastewater before discharge to the common drainage system.
- The key works must be invested according to the investment phases with suitable
technology and capacity, the newly constructed and rehabilitated sewers must meet the capacity of
the rainwater and wastewater discharge in accordance with the estimated drainage & sewage
planning in the long term.
- The wastewater treatment technology is selected in accordance with the natural condition,
scale, urban features and economic condition. It is advised and encouraged to apply the technology
and equipment, which are studied and produced domestically.
- Local and foreign private resources for the construction and operation of drainage &
sewage system shall be mobilized
2.4.2. The master plan of urban drainage & sewage system of HCMC made by JICA.
In 1999, Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) in the close cooperation with the
relevant agencies to study and prepare a master plan for urban drainage & sewerage, including
Page 22
flood control and drainage & sewage of Ho Chi Minh city. The master plan has been approved by
the Prime Minister in the Decision dated 19.06.2001 752/QD-TTg, hereinafter referred to the JICA
planning.
The objectives are set forth in the study:
- Develop master plan towards 2020 for improvement of urban drainage and sewage
systems in Ho Chi Minh City and identification of priority projects.
- Conduct a feasible study, which is a priority in the master plan.
- Perform technology transfer for personnel of the Government during the study.
The master plan is prepared for the development in 20 years in order to meet the population
increase and socio-economic condition as estimated in 2020. A package of integrated measures for
the urban drainage & sewage system, in which the drainage & sewage system and existing facilities
are utilized in order to minimize the investment costs, is proposed.
Figure 3. Zoning area of wastewater discharge basin in accordance with JICA Planning
The Study is done in HCMC Central area with the total area 140 km2 of the current urban
areas and 510 km2 of the surround areas. According the study, the construction of Dau Tieng works,
Tri An works, Thac Mo Works and reservoirs at Sai Gon and Dong Nai river basin shall enhance
the safety for the downstream of the two rivers in 20 years until the flood re-occurs. Therefore, a
continuous dyke along the two rivers to control flood is not necessary, except for the reclamation to
protect a limited urban area.
Regarding the drainage & sewage in urban areas, the studied area is divided into 6 drainage
areas (North, North East, South East, Central, West, South) based on the condition of terrains, land
Page 23
usage, urbanization, urban drainage system and flood, etc. The measures proposed in the master
plan are:
-
Channel improvement
The channels in the study area with the river basins smaller than 30 km2 were proposed to
improve to respond to the flood during last 5 years and ones with the catchment more than 30 km2
shall be improved to respond to the flood in 10 years. The three areas which are applied with the
measures to reduce the speed of natural basin establishment (North area and one area in West area)
shall be used as the low-lying paddy fields to adjust the flood flow and reduce the magnitude of
channel improvements. In isolated lying areas on boundary with of the metropolitan area C, three
water-pumping systems have been proposed. For new developments in higher areas like Hoc Mon
in the north and Thu Duc and northeast areas (District 2 and District 9), the study also proposed a
compulsory regulation on construction of water retention ponds in the developed area. The master
plan also includes rehabilitation of the existing combined sewers within the city and usage of a
separate drainage system in the newly developed areas.
In order to develop the drainage & sewage system, the study area is divided into 9 sub-areas
in the master plan. The drainage & sewage system has been developed for 189.78 km2 (30% of the
study area) serving 5.77 million of people (78%) in 2020. In the remaining area, the treatment
system shall be arranged for every private house or construction works, including a septic tank
and anaerobic filter.
The JICA planning has been considered a key project in terms of water environmental
sanitary (phase 1: Nhieu Loc Thi Nghe basin), Doi Channel Te Channel, Hang Bang Channel,
Tan Hoa Lo Gom, Tham Luong Ben Cat.
The scope of the environmental sanitary project phase 2 includes interceptors and a
wastewater treatment plant for Nhieu Loc Thi Nghe Basin in combination with District 2, and
sewers in order to control flood and reduce pollution for 02 basins as provided in the JICA
planning.
2.4.3 Conformability with the flood control of HCMC
According to the Decision no. 1547/QD/TTg dated 28/10/2008 by the Prime Minister
approving the HCMC flood control master plan, the natural area in HCMC is 209,500 ha and
adjacent areas, including 3 water control regions, including:
- Region I: Includes the entire area on the right bank of Sai Gon Nha Be River, including
the existing central area, in which there are many pressing problems about irrigation and
environment in the urban areas, South area of the city and a part of Long An Province (the left bank
of Van Co River and Vam Co Dong River), mainly the agricultural land and fallow land as the
key area of the planning.
- Region II includes the entire area of cross section of Dong Nai Sai Gon River, which is
the developing area. The drainage could be more favorable as it is possible to arrange anti-flood
and irrigation works.
- Region III include the entire area on the left bank of Nha Be Soai Rap river - the open
biosphere where the water control facilities are possible to be built with large scales in the future,
Page 24
depending on the situation of rising sea levels and changes in urban development in the south of the
city.
Page 25
The scope of the planning: The entire area is 2,095 km2, including 19 districts and 5 subdistricts.
The feature of the planning: It is a special metropolitan area a key major center of
economy, cultural, education & training, science and technology, having an important political role.
The planning objectives: the city shall be developed sustainably in combination between
economic development and conservation of historical and cultural heritage and environmental
protection, national security and defense.
Regarding population scale: It is estimated that there will be 10 million residents in the
city in the future, in which (70 74) percentage of the residents are living in the urban areas.
Regarding the infrastructure development: The planning is about the synchronous
infrastructure development such as roads, drainage & sewage system, electrical system,
information, clean water supply, etc.
Regarding the drainage planning
- Rehabilitate the drainage system in the existing central area, which is the common sewers
for rainwater and wastewater and build the separate drainage & sewage system for the new areas.
- Regarding the existing urban area including 3 new districts, i.e. District 7, District 12
District and Binh Tan District and 4 sub-districts, i.e. Cu Chi, Hoc Mon, Binh Chanh and Nha Be
district on the right bank of Sai Gon Nha Be river, the drainage system shall be completed and
the sewage system shall be separated with the common sewers, dredging and expanding channels
in combination with other measures (temporary construction, increase of road surface level,
installation of one-way gates, tidal pumping stations, etc.) shall be used to eliminate flooding
situation.
- Regarding 3 new districts, i.e. District 2, District 9 and Thu Duc District on the right bank
of Sai Gon Nha Be River, the drainage & sewage system shall be separated with the channel and
sewers which are sufficient to discharge water in the catchment with the controlled hydrological
conditions and arrange the regulating lakes at the highland area. The wetlands should be kept as
much as possible at the low land areas to retain water. It is necessary to focus on the criteria of
green trees, grass in accordance with the regulations, and reduce the surface flow, etc.
- Regarding Can Gio District on the left of Nha Be Soai Rap River: the entire channel
system shall be kept and green tree area shall be developed more in order to increase the regulating
capacity. It is not necessary to construct big discharging works (only arranging the sewers for small
residential areas)
- Ensure corridor for the protection boundary of rivers and channels in accordance with the
regulations on the waterway management.
Regarding wastewater management.
- The wastewater criteria are in accordance with equivalent water supply standards for each
type; the penetrated amount into the sewers shall be 10% of the daily flow on average. The total
flow of wastewater is 3.15 3.2 million m3/day, in which the industrial wastewater shall be 0.32
035 million m3/day.
- The existing common sewers for the city center in combination with combined sewer
overflow (CSO) and interceptors to separate and collect wastewater) are used and the separate
drainage & sewage system shall be used for the new urban area; the area located in the basin is the
inner city and new urban areas with highly density of population ( 200 persons/ha). The remaining
areas with low population density (<200 people / ha) will be developed with wastewater collection
Page 26
& treatment systems in the small residential areas. The domestic wastewater after treatment should
meet the regulations; the wastewater from craft villages and households in the residential areas
must meet the standards of type C in accordance with the regulations before discharging to the
sewer system for treatment with the domestic wastewater. The industrial wastewater is not allowed
to transfer to the domestic wastewater treatment plant but treated separately at each industrial zone
and meet the standard of Type A according to the regulations before discharging to channels and
sewers.
- Zoning wastewater: the areas with high population density include the exiting central area,
the expanded central area and new urban areas shall be divided into 12 wastewater basins. In
details, there are four basins in the existing central area, there are 08 basins in the expanded central
area and suburb areas. The wastewater from the areas beyond the basins as stated above shall be
collected and treated at each area with a small scale. The main discharging basins of the city
include:
- The construction is being done for the following basins, i.e. Tay Hu Ben Nghe Doi Te
(THBNT) basin and Nhieu Loc Thi Nghe (NLTN) basin.
THBNT Basin: Now, the sewage system of the basin (including interceptors, transmission
pipe, and wastewater pump station and wastewater treatment plant) is being construction in the
phase 1. The treatment plant with the capacity of 141,000 m 3/day in the Phase 1 was constructed on
27/11/2004 and inaugurated on 26/12/2008. The plant shall have the capacity of 469, 000m3/day in
the Phase 2 and of 512,000 m3/day in the completion phase. The location of the wastewater
treatment plant and the wastewater pumping station was defined and fixed. Therefore, it is
necessary to define the water drainage boundary in accordance with the new density of the
population and new criteria in accordance with the scale of the treatment plant.
NLTN Basin: The interceptor 3000 along Nhieu Loc Thi Nghe Channel and wastewater
pumping station located next to the Thi Nghe Channel and Van Thanh Channel with the capacity of
64,000 m3/ h. The location of the wastewater treatment plant as regulation in the Decision no. 752
has been moved to Thanh My Loi Ward, District 2.
The feasible studies have been done for the following basins, i.e. Tan Hoa Lo Gom
(THLG) and Tham Luong Ben Cat (TLBC) basins.
Tan Hoa Lo Gom Basin: the feasible study was completed. In comparison with Decision
752, the location of the plant is changed from location next to Ba Goc Channel in Tan Kien Ward,
Binh Chanh District to Tan Nhat Ward, Binh Chanh District. The land for the new location was
decided to be 73 ha. The boundary of the basin is adjusted; a part of Binh Chanh District is located
in the basin.
TLBC Basin: The boundary of the basin has been modified and wastewater from a part of
District 12 shall be collected. Therefore the scale of the treatment plant shall be changed
accordingly.
The feasibility studies have not been done for basins in the new district such as District 2,
District 7, District 9, District 12 and Thu Duct District. In comparison with Decision 752/Q-TTg,
there is a change in only Sai Gon East Basin (SE) basin in District 2. The location of the treatment
plant is moved from Ca Tre Lon Channel to the location adjacent to Cat Lai Industrial Zone. The
former location shall be used to construct the wastewater pumping station. The boundaries of other
basins and scale of the treatment plant shall be adjusted according to the new land use planning.
The new basins for wastewater discharges are as follows:
Page 27
+ The new wastewater discharge basins will be set for areas which are located in local
treatment areas previously, but expected to be developed into new urban area. There are total three
new basins, such as Binh Tan basins, Cau Dua Channel, Northwest are of the City.
Therefore, there are total 12 wastewater discharge basins. Each basin shall cover a part or
entry districts and there is a sewage system in each basin. The following table presents about the
wastewater discharge basins:
Table 5. Wastewater discharge basins in HCMC to 2025
No
.
Wastewater discharge
basin
Collection
systems
Wastewater
flow for
treatment
(m3/day)
Common
&
separate sewers
512,000
Common
&
separate sewers
180,000
Common
&
separate sewers
300,000
separate sewers
200,000
separate sewers
separate sewers
350,000
130,000
separate sewers
170,000
Common
&
separate sewers
Common
sewers
250,000
separate sewers
110,000
separate sewers
100,000
separate sewers
130,000
500,000
The key works: Construction and completion for 12 central wastewater treatment plants for
Tau Hu Ben Nghe Doi Te Channel shall be done to increase the capacity to 512,000 m 3/day in
2025, Sai Gon West basin with capacity of 120.000 m3/day, Tan Hoa Lo Gom with capacity of
300.000 m3/day, Sai Gon North Basin I with the capacity of 170.000 m 3/day, Sai Gon North Basin
II with the capacity of 130.000 m3/day, Tham Luong Ben Cat Basin with the capacity of 250,000
m3/day), Nhieu Loc Thi Nghe with the capacity of 500,000 m3/day), Binh Tan basin with the
Page 28
capacity of 180.000 m3/day), Cau Dua Basin with the capacity of 100.000 m3/day) and North
West Basin with the capacity of 130,000 m3/day).
2.4.5. Conformability with the master construction planning of District 2 to 2020
The development orientation for sewage system in District 2 is in accordance with the
Project for Revised Master Construction Planning of District 2 approved by Peoples Committee of
Hochiminh City under Decision no. 6707/Q-UBND dated 29/12/2012:
Construction ground level: The construction level is H 2,00 m, but the construction level
of Thu Thiem New Urban Area is 2,50m.
Drainage & anti-flood planning:
Utilize and rehabilitate the existing channel systems for the discharge system grade 1 and
utilize cannels and sewers to reduce the investment costs. The rainfall in District 2 flows by gravity,
mainly to the channels & rivers in the most favorable condition. Based on the natural condition, the
existing drainage & sewage systems, land-use planning in periods in combination with sewers with
grade 1; 2 and 3, it is necessary to check the discharge capacity and select one of the following
solutions:
- Keep the existing drainage system.
- Construct the additional drainage system if the actual condition is possible.
- Construct and replace the existing drainage system.
- Develop completely new drainage system for new roads or roads which are not provided
with drainage & sewage systems.
Sewage system Planning
The sewage systems include wastewater collection system and wastewater treatment plants.
The production wastewater: the industrial wastewater is collected to a separated collection
system and conveyed to local treatment plants in industrial zones.
The industrial wastewater must be treated in accordance with Standard QCVN
40:2011/BTNMT before discharging to the environment.
The wastewater in the residential areas: the main interceptor system shall convey
wastewater from the pumping station to the central wastewater treatment plant of the city. The
alignment of the interceptor is fixed and the interceptor shall not receive the wastewater from the
works but only receive the wastewater from the main wastewater collection sewer at an accepted
point.
The main wastewater collection sewer whose alignment is fixed is constructed on the main
planned roads and capable of collecting wastewater from the concentrated points of the residential
areas and conveying to the transmission pipeline.
The branch sewer is the separated wastewater sewer (it means that the urban area shall be
developed with the two separated discharging systems, i.e. drainage & sewage system). The sewer
shall collect the wastewater from the works to the wastewater collection points.
The Development orientation of the sewage system for Sai Gon East Basin (District 2
Basin)
The SE basin will cover District 2. The basin will also cover Thu Thiem New Urban area,
adjacent to Sai Gon River on the West and on the South, adjacent to Phu Huu Industrial Zone and
Cat Lai Industrial Zone on the East. It is estimated that the population of the area will be 650,000
Page 29
persons with the flow of around 220,000m3/day and flow from Thu Thiem Area of 130,000m3/day
in 2025.
Using a separate sewer to collect wastewater for SE basin. The main sewer shall be
arranged along Tran Nao Street and Sai Gon River. The diameter of the sewer is 600 from
1500mm.
The location for construction of the wastewater treatment plant in Sai Gon East basin is
expected to be the area adjacent to Cat Lai Industrial Zone with the capacity of 350,000 m3/day.
The required area for the plant including wastewater treatment facilities, sludge treatment facilities
and other auxiliary works is around 35 ha.
2.5. The relation with other related projects.
In 2012, the HCMC Environmental Sanitation Project (in the period of 2002 2012) was
completed and has been put into operation. Up to now, the works under the Project has been
contributing to the improvement of environmental condition in HCMC significantly as well as
brought a lot of benefits for residential in the project area. This has been also the biggest project in
terms of drainage & sewage and environmental sanitary in HCMC.
Now the HCMC Environmental Sanitation Project Phase II is being implemented.
Besides the investment in construction of discharge system with grade 2 and 3 to collect rainwater,
the wastewater is also a key component for the projects as follows:
a. The Central wastewater treatment plant of the city:
According to the master drainage & sewage plan of the city, including the District 2, a
wastewater treatment plant of the city shall be constructed at location of Phu My Bridge, adjacent
to Dong Nai River.
Phase 1 (in 2020):
Wastewater treatment capacity: Q1= 480,000 m3 /day
Organics treatment capacity:
b. Transmission pipeline:
The transmission pipeline running along Nhieu Loc Thi Nghe Channel shall collect
wastewater from Nhieu Loc Thi Nghe Basin to the pumping station in Ward 22, Binh Thanh
District, located at the abutment of Van Thanh Bride and the wastewater shall be pumped through
the Sai Gon River to the beginning point of District 2 (Bo Dong Well), Well no. 1 on the west of
Thu Thiem 1 Bridge adjacent to Cau Ong Cay Channel and Sai Gon River. From the Well no. 1, the
transmission pipeline having diameter of D3200mm shall run along Ca Tre Lon Channel to the
Station no. 10. Before running though Giong Ong To River, the pipeline has a depth of 20 m. After
the Well no. 10, the pipeline runs along road on the side of Sai Gon River Street no. 9 to the
central wastewater treatment plant at the abutment of Phu My Bridge (District 2), adjacent to Dong
Nai River, Well no. 20. The transmission pipeline has 19 wells which are possible for receiving
wastewater from main sewers of the city.
Besides the project, there are some rehabilitation and construction project in HCMC and in
District 2 for some rainfall discharge sewers which are invested by the Steering Center of the urban
flood control Program and Peoples Committee of District 2, i.e. Project for rainfall discharge
Page 30
sewer construction in Nguyen Duy Trinh Street, Nguyen Thi Dinh Street, Tran Nao Street and
Luong Dinh Cua Street, etc. with the investment of the budget funds. These projects are
contributing significantly to the improvement of environmental condition and sanitary in HCMC.
2.6. Necessity for investment
In District 2, the wastewater treatment systems are not available and technical infrastructure
about drainage & sewage is not sufficient with high speed of urbanization. The HCMC
Environmental Sanitary Project (Nhieu Loc Thi Nghe Basin) in the Phase I with the ODA fund of
the World Bank was completed at the end of 2012. Under the project, the interceptor system
collecting domestic wastewater in Nhieu Loc Thi Nghe Basin. The Phase II, the project shall
continue construction of the interceptor system to connect with District 2 and construct a
wastewater treatment plant in Thanh My Loi Ward District 2. At the meeting about the regular
checking of project implementation status of the HCMC Environmental Sanitary Project in the
Phase 1 between the Peoples Committee of HCMC and WB, it is agreed to supplement the
Component of Construction of drainage & sewage with grade 2 and 3 for District 2 to connect
with the interceptor system in order that the wastewater on the District 2 shall be conveyed to
Nhieu Loc Thi Nghe Wastewater Treatment Plant for treatment and the effectiveness and service
coverage of the plant shall be promoted. In addition, the living condition and eco-environment of
the area and economic development of District 2 in particular and of the city in general shall be
improved.
The project has solved the situation rainwater and wastewater in the key areas of Ho Chi
Minh City. However, the areas outside the project include the North East of HCMC and smaller
areas have no drainage and sewerage system. In these stated area, there are only few sewers in
some main streets. The drainage system here is only the channel systems and common sewers for
both rainwater and wastewater. However, the construction is not synchronous and the drainage is
not effective. Environmental pollution caused by wastewater is a pressing problem for residential
areas. According to the survey results, flood often occurs in different areas in the city. The drainage
system in the city is very few but degraded or heavily damaged or clogged as some sections are
filled with waste, some sections are partly eroded and damaged. In case of heavy rains, the
channels and sewers are often overloaded and results in flood situation. Therefore, the living
condition and environment of the people living in the drainage ditches are often overloaded,
flooding the road and causing flooding and environmental living conditions of people in low-lying
areas very difficult.
In order to complete the HCMC Environmental Sanitary Project Phase 2 and promote the
effectiveness of the scale & capacity of the exiting project in order to meet the demand for drainage
& sewage of the city in short term & long term as well as create a scenery space, it is very
necessary to invest in Drainage & Sewage system of HCMC.
Page 31
Area
System
Items
Construction
Thao Dien
Unit
Quantity
Pipeline
- Pipeline 1500
3.570
- Pipeline 1200
3.770
- Pipeline 1000
Outlet
- Outlet 1500
540
pcs
- Outlet 1200
pcs
- Outlet 1000
Manhole
- Manhole with pipeline 1500
pcs
pcs
85
pcs
88
pcs
14
pcs
187
Page 32
No.
Area
System
Outlet
Construction
II
Outlet
III
Items
Construction
Unit
Quantity
Outlet
- Outlet 1000
pcs
- Outlet 800
pcs
10
- Outlet 600
pcs
13
- Outlet 400
Pipeline
- Pipeline 1500
pcs
1.493
- Pipeline 1200
2.406
- Pipeline 1000
886
- Pipeline 800
Outlet
- Outlet 1500
1.119
pcs
- Outlet 1000
pcs
- Outlet 800
Manhole
- Manhole with pipeline 1500
pcs
pcs
38
pcs
58
pcs
24
pcs
28
pcs
148
pcs
- Outlet 600
pcs
- Outlet 400
- Outlet of open dykes B = 500
Pipeline
- Box culvert 2000x2000
- Pipeline 2000
pcs
pcs
m
m
m
2
701
1.610
- Pipeline 1500
2.612
- Pipeline 1200
431
- Pipeline 1000
4.768
- Pipeline 800
5.141
- Pipeline 600
858
- Pipeline 500
Outlet
- Outlet of box culvert
- Outlet 2000
484
pcs
pcs
1
2
- Outlet 1500
pcs
- Outlet 1200
pcs
- Outlet 1000
pcs
Page 33
No.
Area
System
Items
Unit
Quantity
pcs
15
pcs
36
pcs
58
pcs
12
pcs
107
pcs
118
pcs
21
pcs
13
pcs
380
pcs
pcs
pcs
1
1
1
- Outlet 1200
pcs
- Outlet 1000
pcs
- Outlet 800
pcs
- Outlet 600
pcs
- Outlet 400
pcs
Manhole
- Manhole with culvert box Bxh
(2000x2000)
- Manhole with pipeline 2000
Outlet
No.
Area
Network
Items
Pipeline
- Pipeline 500
Thao Dien
- Pipeline 400
- Pipeline crossing channels
Cross section with the existing
facilities
Manhole
- Manhole 500
Nam Thao
Dien
- Manhole 400
Pipeline
- Pipeline 300
Cross section with the existing
Facilities
Manhole
- Manhole 300
Pipeline
- Pipeline 1000
Grade 2
Grade 3
II
Grade 2
Unit
Quantity
7.663
2.836
m
point
207
18
pcs
143
pcs
56
29.882
point
176
pcs
872
2.199
Page 34
No.
Area
Network
Items
Unit
m
Quantity
1.241
m
point
62
6
pcs
44
pcs
26
12.413
point
23
pcs
436
1.623
- Pipeline 1000
1.340
- Pipeline 600
3.190
- Pipeline 500
- Pipeline crossing channels
Cross section with the existing
facilities
Manhole
- Manhole 1200
1.946
m
point
80
30
pcs
34
- Manhole 1000
pcs
26
- Manhole 600
pcs
66
- Manhole 500
Pipeline
- Pipeline 300
Cross section with the existing
facilities
Manhole
- Manhole 300
Pipeline
- Pipeline 1500
pcs
42
41.165
point
102
pcs
1.196
1.679
- Pipeline 1200
3.528
- Pipeline 800
607
- Pipeline 600
1.201
- Pipeline 500
5.985
- Pipeline 400
- Pipeline crossing channels
Manhole
3.740
840
- Pipeline 800
- Pipeline crossing channels
Cross section with the existing
facilities
Manhole
- Manhole 1000
Grade 3
Grade 2
III
Binh Trung
Dong - Binh
Trung Tay Cat lai
Grade 3
IV
Other areas
Grade 2
- Manhole 800
Pipeline
- Pipeline 300
Cross section with the existing
facilities
Manhole
- Manhole 300
Pipeline
- Pipeline 1200
Page 35
No.
Area
Network
Items
- Manhole 1500
Unit
pcs
Quantity
41
- Manhole 1200
pcs
84
- Manhole 800
pcs
16
- Manhole 600
pcs
30
- Manhole 500
pcs
142
- Manhole 400
Transition pumping station
pcs
89
station
3.2. 3.2. Natural condition and socio-economic conditions of the project area
3.2.1. Geological condition
Hochiminh City is the biggest city as well as a key economic, cultural, scientific, technical
& political center in the country with 19 urban districts and 5 sub-districts with total natural area of
around 2095.01 km2. HCMC always has had a very important role in the Vietnam economy.
District 2 is one of the districts located in the North East of Hochiminh City and adjacent:
To Thu Duc District on the north.
To Sai Gon River on the South separating the district with District 7, to Nha Be River
separating with Nhon Trach District, Dong Nai Province.
To Sai Gon River on the East separating with Binh Thanh District, District 1 and District 4
in order from the North to the South.
To District 9 on the East.
3.2.2. Features of Topography
District 2 is located in the area with low and complicated terrain of Ho Chi Minh City
featured with diversified network of channels, descending incline of the ground surface from North
to South; average height over sea level from 0.5 m to 1.1 m, only Binh Trung and Cat Lai mounds
have separate height from 2m to 5m. Areas of less than 1 meter high often suffer from flood and
water drainage capacity depends on the tidal regime.
In the mound areas with high terrain, soil is largely ancient alluvial soil having main
components of sandy soil, sandy clay, grit and gravel at solid to hard state with bearing capacity
from 1kg/cm2 to 5kg/cm2 including Giong Ong To mound with an area of about 310 hectares,
located in the center of District 2. Ground elevation is from +6.73 to +2.0 m Slope direction:
mainly from center to surrounding. Average slope of ground surface is 1.25%, local slope is up to
4.5% and 15%.
For areas with low terrain, soil is largely new alluvial soil having components of sand, clay
mud mixed with botanical matters resulting small bearing capacity less than 0.7 kg/cm2. Ground
elevation is from below +2.0m to +0,23m. Slope direction is not clear. The topography is divided
by many interlaced and connected rivers and channels.
3.2.3. Geological conditions
There are four main types of soil in District 2:
Gray soil: accounting for 7% of the area, mainly distributed in Binh Trung Dong and Binh Trung
Tay ward. There are three common types in this group: the typical gray soil having layer of stained
red on the ancient alluvial soil, Gley gray humus soil on the ancient alluvial soil; alum grey soil on
Page 36
the ancient alluvial soil. The soil layer is thick and favorable for annual and short-term industrial
crops.
Alluvial soil: accounting for 13% of the area, distributed in Cat Lai and Thanh My Loi
wards. This alluvial soil is formed on river sediments, mainly clay grain level, grain level rates
among layers are not unified which reach ideal values for rice cultivation favorable for agricultural
production and fruit trees planting.
Developed alum soil: accounting for 16% of the area, distributed in Thao Dien An Khanh,
Binh Khanh and An Phu wards. This soil is distributed in low terrain area, thus it is less likely to
wash the alum, mechanical component contains much clay, surface layer, the surface layer contains
organic matter with low consumption of phosphorus, rich in protein which dont benefit for
planting trees.
Potential aluminate soil: accounting for 64%, mainly distributed in Thu Thiem, Binh
Khanh, An Khanh An Phu, An Loi Dong, Thu Thiem Wards and a part of Cat Lai ward. This group
is composed of the heavy mechanical component, rich in organic clay and poor in phosphorus.
3.2.4. Climate condition
District 2 is located in the Subequatorial tropical monsoon climate (hot, humid, high
temperature and heavy rainfall), however the districts territory is surrounded and separated by the
majority of the Saigon River, Dong Nai and channel network as a result the climate is relatively
pleasant. In a year there are two distinct seasons: rainy season from May to November and dry
season from December to April next year.
Because of its location is near the equator, directly impacted by the tropical heat mode,
therefore the project area has high temperature and relatively uniform time. The seasonal
distribution of temperature in the project area is not much (3 4 0C)), with a slight increase at the
start of rainy season (April V, temperature above 29,00C) and a slight decrease at the start of dry
season (November XII I) temperature is ranged about 26,00C.
Due to high temperatures, much sunshine, the evaporation volume in the area is more than
1,200 mm/year, the rainfall is distributed according to season, therefore in the rainy season the
humidity is much higher than that in the dry season.
The project area has annual rainfall varies by season from 1200 1900 mm/year, rainfall
regime is classified into two different seasons with the dry season from May XII IV next year and
the rainy season from May XI. The number of rainy days during the year is from 102 150 days
and mostly concentrated in the rainy season, accounting for 90% of the total annual rainfall on an
average of every month from VI X is 20 days with rainfall.
Because the area is rarely affected by storms and air masses which are likely to cause heavy
rain, generally there are not many days of heavy rain, especially rainy day with more than 100 mm.
Every year, the whole area has only 57 days with more than 50 mm rainfall on average. The
number of days with more than 100mm is even lesser, every two years, however in recent years;
one year has two 3 rainfall with more than 100 mm on average.
Page 37
No
Year
01
1980
75,0
78,0
85,5
94,5
02
1981
58,3
101,0
98,8
99,8
03
1982
52,4
122,2
88,8
110,8
04
1983
122,0
97,5
24,1
130,7
05
1984
66,3
81,5
80,6
65,7
06
1985
69,0
92,0
55,0
77,7
07
1986
100,5
76,3
83,0
92,5
08
1987
33,0
60,5
62,3
94,9
09
1988
144,4
79,9
63,6
10
1989
105,9
110,2
124,2
89,5
11
1990
74,6
80,8
70,8
84,3
12
1991
84,8
80,8
56,1
113,1
13
1992
96,7
64,6
104,7
99,9
14
1993
169,9
56,3
84,0
89,5
15
1994
184,5
99,2
137,0
162,2
16
1995
58,3
108,5
92,5
95,3
Binh Chanh
Binh Chanh
Page 38
Station
No
Year
17
1996
62.3
122
93.5
94.6
18
1997
73.5
96.6
74.8
110.4
19
1998
62.4
92
103.8
134.1
20
1999
65.7
122.8
89.2
79.9
21
2000
120.2
130.5
104.0
135.4
22
2001
87.7
111.5
82.0
88.9
23
2002
95.1
91.7
102.5
70.2
24
2003
71
127.5
62.0
91.7
25
2004
166.3
171
142.0
112.3
26
2005
76.3
84
85.0
114.4
27
2006
67
69.8
77.0
148.4
28
2007
115.2
110.3
138.3
64.6
29
2008
66.8
72.5
73.3
83.5
30
2009
83.5
55.2
91.0
84.7
31
2010
91.3
100.2
75.7
138.5
32
2011
85.9
131.4
78.2
101.0
Binh Chanh
Binh Chanh
Rain in Ho Chi Minh City can be classified in to two main ties as follows:
-Lightning storms: This is common rain in the tropical region. This type of rainfall
accounted for most of heavy rains in the year. Although electrical storm rain can also occur with
high intensity, but generally not great due to short time only a few tens of minutes to few hours.
The greatest daily rainfall is only in the range of 50 100 mm, rarely up to 150 mm.
- Rain caused by storm or tropical depression: This type of rain rarely appears but brings
both rainfall intensity and total volume. Rain caused by storm or tropical depression normally
cause high frequency with great intensity and outstanding total rainfall volume. Rain caused by
storm or tropical depression can reach from 100 200 mm, even above 250 mm above even, but
very rarely.
Urban drainage arises mainly with rainfall in frequency from 10% backward, therefore
target of analysis target and calculation is lightning storms- a kind of tropical downpour.
Because of tropical downpour, rainfall intensity in the area of Ho Chi Minh has great
variability according to time and sometimes to space. This reduction will be recorded in
approximately 15 minutes each. This proves that, with water inlet works having flow concentration
time less than 30 minutes will facilitate drain quickly.
3.2.5. Features of hydrologic
The rivers and channels systems of the study area are a lot and very complicated. Small
rives and channels are connected each other without original source and mainly connected with
Dong Nai and Sai Gon rivers.
Situated in District 2 are two major rivers including Dong Nai and Saigon River with semi-diurnal
hydrological regime. Dong Nai River is the largest river in Dong Nai - Sai Gon river system with
bed width of 400-600 m, average depth of 12-15 m and the average flow rate of 500 m3/s. Saigon
River has small slope, narrow but deep river bed, less storage space so the tide flow is very deep
Page 39
and strong. Besides, within the territory also exist interlaced system of channels such as Ba Cua,
Rach Chiec channel, etc. hydrological regime and flow of these channels are mainly influenced by
Dong Nai River and Saigon rivers.
Saigon River: is the largest river passing through the borderline of District 2, this river
section has length and width of 22.3 km and 230-300 m respectively. This river is to help wash salt
as well as supply fresh water for the entire district, including agricultural and domestic activities.
Rach Chiec river
According to monitoring data at Phu An station, the highest water level (H max) and lowest
water level (Hmin) corresponding to different frequencies are as follows:
Table 9. Water level at Phu An station Sai Gon river by frequencies
Statistic data
Hmaxtb Cv
1.34
0.08
Hmintb Cv
-2.29 0.05
Cs
0.57
Cs
0.35
1.5%
1.65
90%
-2.42
5%
1.55
95%
-2.44
10%
1.49
99%
-2.52
The highest water level on the Saigon River at Phu An station is now measured at Phu An
hydrological station on the Saigon river in 2008 is 1.55 m which is higher than record tide peak of
1.54 m existed 49 years earlier, in 2009 tide peak reached 1.56 m; in 2010 and 2011 tide peak
reached 1.57 m and 1.58 m respectively; the current highest tide peak is 1.61 appeared in
September 2012
Dong Nai and Sai Gon rivers are surrounding District 2 area and directly impact to the
hydrological regime of the area. This is a fluctuated semi-diurnal tidal regime which is reflected in
following oscillations:
Daily oscillation: tide is up and down 2 times per day, tide peak is approximately 50
minutes back over previous day.
Moon oscillation: tide is up 2 times per month (from 27th of previous month to 5th next
month and from 13th to 18th of lunar calendar)
Season oscillation: Hide tide is in spring (lunar calendar months of September, November,
December, and January). This period is enhanced by the flood of the rainy season therefore in the
urban area the high tide usually lasts from September to January of Western calendar.
Long cycle oscillation: Long cycle oscillation is not studied much, however by calculating
Hmax, Hmin, it shows less great variation.
The above oscillations affect in general way to the city locality.
Through the observation of hydrographic data for many years, it can be concluded that
water level is rather stable during the survey periods.
Annual high water level is not much different. The highest water level in a year is normally
ranged from 1.20 m to 1.45 m.
Page 40
Peak water level in flood season and dry season is not much different. The lowest water
level of tide peak is approximately 0.90 m.
Effect of upstream flow to the mode of water level on tide peak is not great; for the tide
foot, the difference is rather great and variable.
Range between highest and lowest water level is about 4m
Effect of water level features on flooding situation in this area is often expressed through
the following aspects:
Causing direct flooding: in low terrain areas, water directly overflows into the buffer
surface to cause flooding. Flooding time often depends on water level maintaining of the tidal
regime.
Causing indirect flooding: impacting drainage conditions, especially in periods of high
tides, high water prevents the drainage ability of drainage ditch and channel system.
The interaction between intense rainfall and tide
The interaction is considered on the basis corresponding to the tide distribution, values of
intense rainfall are listed in two directions:
Long period distribution:
Choosing each year a rainfall with the highest rainfall for the period 1952 1999 there are
total of 47 rainfalls with periods as follows:
High tide period
Page 41
the district. Through the development process, the entire Cat Lai Industrial Zone planned with 852
ha is gradually narrowed and moved to civil functions
3. Housing, construction: In the locality of District 2, housing quality is low. Semipermanent housing, temporary housing and permanent housing account for 42.7%, 53.9% and only
3.4% respectively. Currently, the housing quality is increasing, the permanent, semi-permanent and
temporary housing account for 17.3 %, 67.4% and 15.3% respectively.
The average construction density is low, but in the existing residential areas such as Thao
Dien, Binh Trung Tay, Binh Trung Dong etc. there is a very high construction density.
4. Public facilities:
Education- training: School year 2010 2011, in the district locality there are 22 preschool
classrooms (including 10 public schools and 4 private schools), 9 primary schools, 8 secondary
schools, 2 high schools. There are also 01 regular education center (in An Phu ward); 01
educational training center (in Binh Trung Tay), 01 technical-general- vocation (in Thao Dien
Ward) , 01 cultural college, 01 Maritime University etc.
Vocational training system is quite large due to heritage of historical conditions. The
governmental managed schools now are Construction college No. 2 (former High School No.7),
Fashion professional technique school. The current schools under the management of the city are
now professional technician high school with more than two ha area. The schools under the
management of the district are Thu Duc Industrial Engineering school (now Thu Duc Vocational
School) with an area of 1.2 ha.
Culture: Cultural works in District 2 has 6.5 ha area including:
- Cultural center (Binh Trung Tay)
- Children activities center (Binh Trung Tay)
- Sport and Physical Education center of District 2
- Cultural House of 11 wards
Sport and Physical Education: District 2 now has 02 football fields of wards, 01
swimming club, and 18 sport clubs. The total land area of playgrounds in the district of about 7.07
ha
Health care: District 2 has 01 health care center and 11 medical aid stations with total
patient beds of 123. In addition, the district also has a network of private medical facilities making
significant contribution to the common development of the sector. Average number of beds is 2.11
beds/1000 people, higher than the citys average of (two beds/1000 people)
5. Population scale
The population in 2011 was 140.627 people in the district, the population density is 28.27
people/ha. The ward having highest population density is Binh Trung Tay (16,370 people), the one
with the lowest population density is Thu Thiem ward (6,394 people).
The average population density in the District (2010) is 28.27 people/ha, in which the most
crowed ward is An Khanh (81.2 people/ha) and the least crowded ward is Thanh My Loi (7.6
people/ha). However, in 2011 and 2012 when implementing Thu Thiem new urban area project, the
actual local population of An Khanh ward was considerably decreased due to movement to the
resettlement areas.
Table 10. Population of wards in District 2 in 2011.
No
Name of wards
Population, people
rate %
Page 42
01
An Phu
13,866
9.86
02
Thao Dien
19,491
13.86
03
An Khanh
15,413
10.96
04
Binh Khanh
9,708
6.90
05
Binh An
15,668
11.14
06
Thu Thiem
6,394
4.55
07
An Loi Dong
6,637
4.72
08
14,383
10.23
09
16,370
11.64
10
Cat Lai
11,887
8.45
11
Thanh My Loi
10,812
7.69
Total
140,627
100
Page 43
the drainage will get difficulty when rainy time period coincides with tide peak period and meet
advantages when it appears on tide footing
In general, the drainage system in the district is divided into 03 classes:
- Class 1 pipelines are the open channels, naturally receive domestic waste water, rain
water, small channels with grade 2 is mainly on duty of natural water drainage
- Pipelines with grade 2 are underground pipelines on main street axis which collect water
from Pipelines with grade 3 with diameter from D800 D2000 mm.
- Pipelines with grade 3 are pipelines in alleys or internal roads connecting to pipelines with
grade 2 having diameter normally less than 500 mm.
Existing drainage system is combined between rainwater and domestic wastewater
drainage. Drainage form is combined between underground sewer with diameter from D300 mm to
box culvert with diameter of 2000x2000 mm, ditch with knit cap from B300 B500 mm in Binh
Trung Dong, Binh Khanh areas with channels and rivers.
In general, density of sewer is still low, about 50% of the total area of the district and
unevenly distributed mainly in new urban areas. Status of flood condition also occurs frequently in
the regions of Thao Dien, Binh Khanh, along the road routes of Luong Dinh, Nguyen Thi Dinh etc.
The existing drainage systems lack of uniform specification as well as quality there is no
comprehensive study solution for common drainage capacity of the entire drainage system.
According to the preliminary statistics throughout District 2, the existing sewer lines were
built scattered in residential areas with diameter from D300- concrete box culvert with diameter
2000 x 2000 along the main traffic roads in the District, Thao Dien, Binh Trung Tay areas etc. Total
length of sewer lines are approximately over 30km.
Currently, the maintenance of drainage system is only dredging manholes periodically due
to limited funding. The drains are connected to each other, this allows using the network well but
because the construction has not been synchronized, it is difficult to control each trouble sewer
section.
Based on topographic conditions, rivers, geographical location and status of rainwater
collection and drainage system in the district, the catchment of District 2 can be divided into five
catchment areas as follows:
Area 1: including Thao Dien Ward and a part of An Phu ward (North of Hanoi Highway)
which currently is the construction area of mostly low-rise villas with an area of about 150
hectares, present population is about 18,700 people, this area was previously planned and built
relatively complete, joint drainage network has been established. Drainage direction is mainly to
open channels in the area. However, due to the low terrain characteristic, especially the area along
the Saigon River where flood condition caused rain or high tide often occurs. The existing drainage
network is old; its capacity does not meet drainage capacity.
Area 2: including An Phu, An Khanh and Binh An : area with residential areas construction
projects with relatively complete infrastructure, residents mainly stay along Tran Nao and Luong
Dinh Cua street, An Phu development urban area with 131 ha and City Horse have been built quite
a lot. Drainage system in the new residential areas ( area with 90 ha and An Phu development urban
area with 131 ha) are now relatively complete, however for new residential areas which have been
formed long time ago ( along Tran Nao street) due to its low-terrain therefore when rain or high
tide occur, it will lead to local flood condition. Rainwater is conveyed to open channels and main
Page 44
sewers on Tran Nao and Luong Dinh Cua. Yet, sewer lines on Tran Nao and Luong Dinh are old
now, serving mostly drainage along two sides of the road, thus its capacity is not sufficient to
ensure drainage for the area.
Area 3: including Binh An, Thu Thiem, An Loi Dong wards and a part of An Khanh ward
(Thu Thiem new urban area). Up to the present time, this area is only formed between Tran Nao
Street to the Saigon riverbank with an area of about 60 ha. Complete Thu Thiem new urban area is
concentrated with residents along Luong Dinh Cua Street with about 25,000 people; the area has
been formed with short and small channels and drains to serve drainage for existing residential
areas. However, most of the land is now unoccupied, which has been cleared to serve the
construction of Thu Thiem New Urban Area.
Area 4: including Thanh My Loi ward and a part of Binh Trung Tay ward. This area still
has much unoccupied land. Due to requirement of Thu Thiem resettlement project, this area has
several new residential projects and becomes administrative center of District 2. Technical
infrastructure has been built. But due to sparse population density, the drainage system has not been
fully invested.
Area 5: including Binh Trung Dong and Binh Trung Tay. This area focuses residents living
here long time ago, with more than 30,000 people. Infrastructure system has not been much
invested from 1998 until now; a number of roads and alleys need to be upgraded, improving
drainage area, made contribution to the improvement of the residential area.
In fact, the management work just stops at dredging manholes periodically on routes; other
information about the sewer system is very limited because the investment in sewer construction is
not unified. Many sewer sections are not dredged, resulting in limited drainage. Drainage is not in
time resulting some sewer sections are no longer in function.
The sewer lines without sufficient drainage capacity should be replaced or supplemented by
new sewer lines to ensure drainage for the project area and take advantage of the use of capable
sewer sections as sub-regional collection system.
3.2.9. Flood condition status in District 2
Situated in District 2 are two big rivers including Dong Nai and Saigon River with semidiurnal hydrological regime. Saigon River has small slope, narrow but deep river bed, less storage
space so the tide flow is very deep and strong. Besides, within the territory there are also interlaced
system of channels such as Ba Cua and Rach Chiec channels etc. The hydrological regime and flow
of these channels are mainly influenced by Dong Nai River and Saigon rivers
District 2 is located in the area with low and complicated terrain average height over sea
level from 0.5 m to 1.1 m, only Binh Trung and Cat Lai mounds have separate height from 2m to
5m. Areas of less than 1 meter high often suffer from flood and water drainage capacity depends on
the tidal regime. Flood condition caused by monthly high tide often occurs in Thao Dien, Binh
Khanh, along Luong Dinh Cua and Nguyen Thi Dinh streets.
As reported by the Center for Executive program against flooding, there are 03 flood
condition points in district 2 i.e. one on Luong Dinh Cua Street (An Khanh market area) and one on
Quoc Huong street in front of Culture University (Thao Dien Ward) and Nguyen Duy Trinh street
section from Giong Ong To market to Xay Dung bridge.
Survey results indicate that majority of channels and sewers were damaged at inlet holes,
the channels and channels are often being clogged by sludge and waste and many sections are
Page 45
turned into garbage disposal site. As a result, many points the network has become polluted and
flood condition points.
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CONSTRUCTION INVESTMENT DRAINAGE NETWORK LEVEL II-III IN DISTRICT 2
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Page 46
Some newly built sewer lines are primarily located along the new roads or in the new
residential areas such as An Phu An Khanh, Binh Trung Dong, Thanh My Loi etc.
Currently, all of the new construction planning areas have scale from 3 ha to 100 ha, the
approved drainage system in the detailed planning of 1/2000 is a separate sewer system. However,
due to lack of detailed drainage plan, drainage system of this area has not been planned and unified
but often discharged into the nearest channels connecting with the city drainage system which has
not been built as planned.
2. Pumping station, wastewater treatment plant
Some residential area projects were invested with the construction of internal wastewater
treatment plants with small capacity: District 2 administrative center in Thanh My Loi Ward, Binh
Trung Dong - Cat Lai, residential area and Cat Lai industrial zones.
3. Waste water discharge and quality status in the project area
- Domestic wastewater discharge of households: survey data indicate that 44%, 32% and
2% of domestic wastewater are discharged into self-penetrated septic tanks, directly into rivers,
streams or gardens and road respectively. Besides the use of self-penetrated solution, there is a
large number of households connect themselves to the existing channels and sewers system. The
data survey data shows that Thanh My Loi ward has nearly 70% connecting to the city channels
and sewers network and the discharge or add wastewater to the network is out of control.
The survey results also show that in other regions also have large number of illegal
connection to channels and sewers, especially areas nearby rivers and streams basin where the
water level is rather high, therefore the use of permeable wells is not effective and partly because
there is no area for septic tanks construction, sufficient fund and dredging service is not well done.
Disqualified and affected with disease wastewater being discharged into the sewage
network is considered urgent problem to be solved. Typically, wastewater of central market area
with COD exceeding 3 times, BOD5 exceeding 7 times and microbiology exceeding 9 times in
comparison with type C standards.
In city areas, domestic water is primarily discharged into wells, rivers and channels. For the
city peripheral, there will not have any plan to supply tap water for the residents until 2020 and
even within the project area, not until year 2020 can 20% of the population use tap water.
Surveys for the drainage and sanitation in these areas show that only a small number of
households have septic tanks, the bigger number builds toilets by digging holes without toilet
room. Generally, existing water supply, drainage or sanitation are provided by residents themselves,
for the period of 2020 it is almost impossible to execute a project to deeply intervene on water
supply, drainage and environment in this area.
- Waste water discharge of office buildings, hospitals and schools: business, trade, and
service bases using much water as restaurants, hotels get difficulties in waste water discharge and
treatment. The main cause of this condition is that permeability tanks have not enough capacity as a
result waste water is discharged into streets and sewers are directly connected into the citys rain
water system.
Part of the wastewater from agencies and enterprises are treated preliminarily in different
ways but are not effective, the other part is discharged directly into receiving sources. Figures show
that approximately 20% using septic tanks, 33% using for storage and 20% being discharged
directly into rivers and streams and 21% using septic tanks and being discharged directly into rivers
and streams.
Page 47
Common system.
Separated system.
Common system with Combined Sewer Overflow (CSO) and interceptors to collect
wastewater.
Page 48
Page 49
Regarding the Common system with Combined Sewer Overflow (CSO) and
interceptors to collect wastewater
Advantages:
- The existing system could be utilized, therefore the existing condition of the area shall
remain and the cost for investment shall be deducted.
- The quantity of excavating in the central area is limited.
- No environmental pollution due to construction activities.
- In accordance with the needs of urban renovation and upgrade of sewerage network
systems, especially suitable with not huge amount of initial investment capital but high
requirements about environment.
Disadvantages:
- The interceptors collect dirty water from CSO to the wastewater treatment station which is
located at the end of main sewer. Therefore it is also necessary to construct different transition
pumping stations.
- The outlets must be constructed with the auto gate in order to prevent the water flowing to
the sewer in the dry season without rain.
- The management & operation for the system is very complicated.
- The working condition of the system is not stable. In the dry season, the wastewater
amount is not so much with small velocity, resulting in the clogging in sewers. It is necessary to
dredge the sewers regularly and the operation and maintenance costs is very high.
Based on the analysis about the advantages and disadvantages of each systems as stated
above, based on the existing condition of drainage & sewage system in the District 2, where the
drainage & sewage systems are almost unavailable, based on the fund for the project investment
and plan for socio-economic development of the city which has been approved by the Prime
Minister and the detailed planning of District 2, which is approved by HCMC, the District 2 shall
become a new urban area and economic & commercial center of the city. And in accordance with
the planning about the central wastewater treatment plant of the city and take advantages of the
HCMC Environmental Sanitary Project, Phase 1 (Nhieu Loc Thi Nghe), we would like to
propose to select a design options of 02 separate for rainwater and wastewater collection. In the
chase the system design is as follows:
- The wastewater shall be collected to a separate system. The total amount of wastewater in
the extended area shall be collected to the extended wastewater collection system, which is
collected with the existing main transmission pipeline to the WTP for treatment before discharging
to the environment.
- Regarding the extended wastewater treatment, the households, offices and public works
shall be connected directly to the sewage system, and no longer connect to the local treatment and
discharge system. The direct connection shall facilitate significantly for the customers. The
drainage shall be collected to a separate drainage system and conveyed to the nearest stream.
The option of a separate drainage system shall not only facilitate for the design of the
drainage network but also for design of sewage network.
3.3.3. Identification of drainage system scale.
1. Design standards
Design Standard TCVN 7957: 2008 of MOC.
Page 50
Works
Unit
Aperture
Notes
Bridge
Ky Ha Bridge
90
135
Constructed
135
Constructed
Go Dua Bridge
135
Being constructed
Page 51
45
Dap Bridge
45
135
Rach
Bridge
180
II
Dykes
km
13,5
Ong
Nhieu
- Regarding the channel rehabilitation: dredging of rivers and channel for waterway with a
total length of 83,200 m, average width of 6 15 m and the average depth of -2.0 -4.0 m.
Table 12. The expected scale of channels in accordance with the Planning 1547.
No.
L, m
Designed crosssection
B, m
, m
60
-4.00
60
-4.00
50
-3.00
50
-3.00
40
Technical
grade
1
2
3
4
5
7,500
7,000
7,000
11,500
5,700
3,500
20
-3.00
Thau Channel
2,500
20
-2.00
Long
Ward
Truong
2,500
20
-2.00
Long
Ward
Truong
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
4,000
3,000
2,000
2,000
1,500
2,500
2,500
3,000
2,500
4,000
2,000
2,500
20
20
20
20
15
15
15
15
20
20
10
20
-2.00
-2.00
-2.00
-2.00
-2.00
-2.00
-2.00
-2.00
-2.00
-2.00
-2.00
-2.00
4,500
30
-2.00
21
4
4
4
4
6
Notes
Local
Local
Local
Local
Local
Long
Truong
Ward
83,200
Therefore retaining and rehabilitation of the existing channel shall contribute to the
drainage and flood control in high time, as one of the effective urban drainage measures for the
quickly urbanized area like District 2. It is more favorable as District 2 is located in the area which
is affected by the semi-diurnal tidal regime with connected channels.
Page 52
Based on this point of view, the existing channel shall be retained as much as possible.
However it is necessary to define some of the necessary criteria as the basis to select channels to be
retained in order to prevent difficulties for transport planning, urban scenery and comply with
special planning & socio-economic plan of the District which are proved by HCMC PC. According
to the study, we would like to propose some criteria as follows:
+ The channels for waterway in accordance with inland waterway planning.
+ The channels are used for drainage in accordance with the drainage master plan of
District 2.
+ The channel has been retained in accordance with the master plan of District 2 and the
detailed master plan of 1/2000 for sub-basins and approved projects.
+ The channels in appropriate positions suitable with the drainage system with the proposed
drainage solution could be used for the drainage system in the future.
+ The existing and big channels in accordance with the flood control planning of the city
shall play a decisive role for the area.
+ The channels having no impact on the transport and architectural planning.
On the other hand, because the project area is affected by the semi-diurnal, causing flood
not only due to the rain but also by tides. Thus the tide control is one of the solutions to increase the
storage capacity of rainwater in channels. In the long term, it is necessary to study to construct tidal
gates at Giong Ong To Channel Gate and Chiec Channel gate in order to improve the water
retention in channels.
b. Solution for drainage of the project
The investment on a complete drainage system for a new urban area affected by high tide
with a large number of connected channels is very huge, including construction collection pipe line,
grade 1, 2 and 3, dredging the channel in order to improve the flow and tide control to regulate the
flow, etc. In order to solve the above matter, it is necessary to have time and financial funds, which
are beyond the investment for the project.
Therefore, within the scope of the project we shall only focus on studying about solutions to
construction of pipeline with grade 1, 2 and 3 on the basis of natural condition, existing drainage
system, planning of land use in each period in combination with other drainage & sewage project
in District 2, divide the discharge basin for each pipeline with grade 1, 2 and 3, calculate scale of
collection pipeline.
Basis for calculation of the works scale is as follows:
- Keep the existing drainage network.
- Construct an additional drainage network if the condition is acceptable.
- Construct to replace old existing drainage network which is not qualified for drainage and
sanitation.
- Develop completely new drainage system for new roads or roads without drainage
systems.
- Study about the rehabilitation and construction of embankment for rivers and streams,
which are defined as the main drainage route to ensure the quick discharge.
- Construct underground sewer in the basins.
- Regarding the existing residential area having natural elevation higher than > 1.5 m (basin
6), it is necessary to implement the rehabilitation and investment in the additional drainage system
Page 53
on roads to ensure the quick discharge and investment in a gate for discharging to rivers (being
affected by tide or flood).
- Regarding the new residential areas which are not invested for development, the urban
drainage is associated with the embankment above the tidal level and flood level (it is necessary to
analyze soil characteristics for construction of drainage system); the embankment 2.0 m and
investment in a completed infrastructure system shall be implemented in the residential areas
during the project implementation in accordance with the approved plannings of 1/500.
- In a long term, it is possible to construct rainwater pumping stations to increase the flood
control cycle to 15 20 years.
- Install tidal gates at the outlets in order to prevent the water flowing back to the sewer due
to the high tide.
3. Zoning of drainage basins
The expanded drainage system shall focus on the partially developed area in District 2
which is not provided with good drainage service.
Based on the natural condition and reference to the master plan of the studied area, the
studied area is divided into key sub-basin with the detailed information listed in the following
tables. The main basins are divided into 340 sub-basins and put into the hydraulic calculation
models.
Basin 1: On the north of Hanoi Highway (Thao Dien Ward and a part of An Ph). The total
basin area is 365 ha, including 2 sub-basins.
- Sub-Basin 1A is located on the west of Thao Dien Ward with the area of 204 ha and
limited by Hanoi National Highway, Thao Dien, Nguyen Van Huong and Sai Gon River. The
existing drainage condition is as follows: the common sewers D400 connecting with D600, D800
have been constructed on Nguyen Van Huong Street, Thao Dien and Quoc Huong Street toward Sai
Gon River, Ong Di Channel and existing channels in the residential areas. This area is often
flooded in the high tide due to low ground elevation, old existing drainage system which are no
longer capable of drainage in the area.
- Sub-Basin 1B is located on the east of Thao Dien with the area of 161 ha and limited by
Hanoi Highway, Thao Dien, Dua Nuoc Channel and Sai Gon River. The existing drainage
condition is as follows: the common sewers D400 and D600 have been constructed for discharge
toward Sai Gon River.
Page 54
I HANO
I
L=70
i=0,7
Sub.1A
I QUA
N1
Sub.1B
1500
L=500 i=0,7
1500
L=500 i=0,7
1500
800
Sub.2A
Sub.2B
2,00
Page 55
existing drainage condition is as follows: a common sewer D400 has been constructed for direct
discharge toward Sai Gon River.
Basin 3 - Thu Thiem New Urban Area has natural area of Binh Khanh Ward, An Khanh
Ward and Thu Thiem Ward. This is a new urban area, where the sewage and drainage are not
constructed. The basin is divided into 3 sub-basins as follows:
- Sub-basin 3A North Thu Thiem Area (a part of Binh Khanh Ward) has a natural area of
187.2 ha, limited by Luong Dinh Cua Street, Ca Tre Len Channel, Ca Tre Nho Channel and Sai
Gon River. The existing elevation of the area is 0,6 1,4m.
- Sub-basin 3B West Thu Thiem Area ( a part of An Khanh Ward and Thu Thiem Ward)
has a natural of 149 ha, limited by Mai Chi Tho Street, Ca Tre Lon Channel and Sai Gon River.
- Sub-basin 3C South Thu Thiem Area (a part of An Loi Dong Ward and Thu Thiem
Ward) has an area of 179 ha, limited by Mai Chi Tho Ward, Ca Tren Lon Channel and Sai Gon
River.
2,00
1,59
800
2,00
1,53
Sub.2A
Sub.2B
I QUA
N1
GA THUTHIE
M DKIE
N
B4500
2,00
1,90
Sub.3A
I QUA
N1
Sub.3B
I QUA
N1
Sub.3C
I QUA
N4
Page 56
I QUA
N1
1500
B4000
Sub.4A
2,00
1,67
2B2500
2,00
1,59
800
B4000
2,00
1,53
Sub.2A
Sub.2B
GA THUTHIE
M DKIE
N
2,00
0,73
2,45
2,45
B4500
2,00
1,90
Sub.4B
Sub.3A
Page 57
I HANO
I
(1600x1600)
L=70
i=0,7
2,00
0,32
1500
L=500 i=0,7
1500
L=500 i=0,7
Sub.5A
B4000
I LONG THA
NH
Sub.5B
2,00
1,67
2B2500
2,00
1,59
R
2,00
1,95
B4000
2,47
2,47
2,00
0,73
Page 58
Sub.5B
2,00
1,67
I QUA
N9
2,00
1,95
2,47
2,47
2,45
2,45
Sub.6B
2,00
1,04
3,00
3,00
R
RA
NG HANO
I
3,65
3,65
2,00
0,95
Sub.6A
2,00
1,22
CA
U KY
HA
2
Page 59
Sub.4B
2,00
1,04
3,00
3,00
R
RA
NGHA
NO
I
3,65
3,65
2,00
0,95
Sub.6A
2,00
1,22
Sub.8
2,00
1,76
Sub.7
2,00
0,44
2,00
0,84
2,00
1,79
2,00
0,75
2,00
0,80
CA
U KYHA
4
2,00
0,54
CA
U KYHA
1
2,00
0,91
In which:
b: Correction parameter, b=12.09
n: Index of decreasing intensity over time t, n=0.8996
T: Raining time. The calculated time T (second) is defined in accordance with the formula:
T = to + t1 + t2 (2)
In which:
to: time for water running to ditches on road
Page 60
t1: time for water running to ditches through collection chamber (if the collection chamber
is not provided in the sub-area).
t2: time for water running inside sewers to the calculated section.
C: Coefficient about the typical feature of each area, C=0.2139
q20: Rain intensity, corresponding to a rain in 20 minutes, q20= 224.7
P: Rain frequency, cycle of a repeated rain (overflow cycle). With the features of Ho Chi
Minh and economic conditions, choose P = 2 years for calculation of sewers with grade 2 and 3.
Choose P = 5 years for calculating the channel with grade 1.
Hydraulic calculation for drainage network (Manning formula):
Q A xV (m 3 /s)
V
1 2/3 1/2
R x S (m/s)
n
In which:
Q - calculated flow(m3/s)
A - cross-section area of the flow (m2)
V - average flow velocity (m/s)
n - roughness coefficient, depending on the nature of river bed surface
R - Hydraulic radius (m)
S - Hydraulic gradient(m/m)
5. Scale of items in drainage works
The proposed items are based on the hydraulic calculation results, site survey results about
the existing condition of drainage in District, actual condition of localities and comments &
requirements of the Employer:
Page 61
Basin
Area (ha)
Features of residential
areas
365
122
506
Drainage condition
The common system is
constructed rather
completely
The common system is
constructed rather
completely
Planning
orientation
Investment funds
Existing
residential area
Existing
residential area
Thu Thiem
New Urban Area Residential Area
PMU
399.2
A new urban
area. A part is
being
constructed and
other parts are
not invested for
construction
515.5
Project investors
shall be in charge of
in the residential
areas, WB and state
budget is used for
investment in the
main route on Luong
Dinh Cua Street.
Page 62
NO.
Basin
Area (ha)
605.7
Features of residential
areas
Existing residential area
Drainage condition
Common system has been
established, but not yet
completed
500
818
Planning
orientation
Existing
residential area
Investment funds
World Bank and
State Budget
Project investors
shall be in charge of
in the new residential
areas, WB and state
New Urban Area
budget is used for
investment in the
main route on Dong
Van Cong Street.
Project investors
shall be in charge of
in the residential
areas, WB and state
New Urban Area budget is used for
and industrial
investment in the
area
main route on
Nguyen Thi Dinh
Street and Ring Road
no. 2
Page 63
System
Construction
Thao Dien
Area
Outlet
Construction
II
Items
Outlet
Unit
Quantity
Pipeline
- Pipeline 1500
3.570
- Pipeline 1200
3.770
- Pipeline 1000
Outlet
- Outlet 1500
540
Pcs
- Outlet 1200
Pcs
- Outlet 1000
Manhole
- Manhole with pipeline 1500
Pcs
Pcs
85
Pcs
88
Pcs
14
Pcs
187
pcs
- Outlet 800
pcs
10
- Outlet 600
pcs
13
- Outlet 400
Pipeline
- Pipeline 1500
pcs
1.493
- Pipeline 1200
2.406
- Pipeline 1000
886
- Pipeline 800
Outlet
- Outlet 1500
1.119
pcs
- Outlet 1000
pcs
- Outlet 800
Manhole
- Manhole with pipeline 1500
pcs
pcs
38
pcs
58
pcs
24
pcs
28
pcs
148
- Outlet 800
pcs
- Outlet 600
pcs
- Outlet 400
pcs
pcs
Page 64
No.
III
Area
System
Items
Unit
Quantity
Pipeline
701
- Pipeline 2000
1.610
- Pipeline 1500
2.612
- Pipeline 1200
431
- Pipeline 1000
4.768
- Pipeline 800
5.141
- Pipeline 600
858
- Pipeline 500
484
pcs
- Outlet 2000
pcs
- Outlet 1500
pcs
- Outlet 1200
pcs
- Outlet 1000
pcs
pcs
15
pcs
36
pcs
58
pcs
12
pcs
107
pcs
118
pcs
21
pcs
13
pcs
380
pcs
pcs
- Outlet 1500
pcs
- Outlet 1200
pcs
- Outlet 1000
pcs
- Outlet 800
pcs
- Outlet 600
pcs
Outlet
Construction
Manhole
Outlet
Outlet
Page 65
No.
Area
System
Items
- Outlet 400
Unit
Quantity
pcs
To 2020
Domestic water
180 l/person/day
180 l/person/day
Public services
40 l/person/day
40 l/person/day
Visitors
30 l/person/day
30 l/person/day
Handicraft
15 l/person/day
15 l/person/day
40 m3 /ha/day
40 m3 /ha/day
Industrial areas
40 m3 /ha/day
40 m3 /ha/day
1,2
1,2
1,5
1,5
Page 66
Items
Unit
Estimated
population
Population scale
Year 2015
Persons
370,000
Year 2020
Persons
650,000
2011 2015
3,0
2016 2020
4,5
Page 67
Water usage
Norm of water
consumption
Population
(persons)
To 2020
Wastewater
flow (m3/day)
Norm of
water
consumption
140,629
Population
(persons)
Wastewater
flow (m3/day)
Domestic wastewater
Domestic usage
180 l/person
22,781.9
180 l/person
105,300.0
Public services
40 l/person
5,062.6
40 l/person
23,400.0
30 l/person
949.3
30 l/person
35,157
1.2
38,007.8
175,675.5
1.5
1.5
Production wastewater
Industrial zones
40 m3/ha
4,387.5
13,308.8
1.2
Highest flow
II
162,500
2,879.4
Highest flow
6
650,000
272,79 ha
2,375.5
10,979.7
10,9111.6
10,9111.6
10,911.6
40 m3/ha
272.79 ha
10,911.6
Therefore the total domestic wastewater flow in District 2 at the present is from 31,673.4 m 3/day to 38,007.8 m3/day. To 2020, the total
domestic wastewater flow in the district will be from 146,396.3 m3/day 175,675.5 m3/day.
The total industrial wastewater flow to 2020 in the District is 10,911,6 m3/day.
Page 68
Page 69
In accordance with the Revised Master Plan of District 2, the sewage system is separated.
The wastewater is collected and transported to Nhieu Loc Thi Nghe WTP.
6. Wastewater Discharging Basins
The wastewater discharging basins are divided similar to the rainwater discharge basins.
Regarding the wastewater discharge of the study area, it is possible to classify into 3 types:
- Basins for existing area.
- Basins for new urban areas.
- Basins for wastewater discharge in the future.
The following criteria are used to define areas which are suitable to construct a wastewater
discharge system, i.e.:
- The areas cannot be applied with in-situ treatment methods.
- The areas have completed transport infrastructures.
- The industrial, commercial and administrative areas.
- The planned areas have growth rate of population density at medium and high level (> 150
persons / ha), located in the designed areas.
7. Hydraulic Calculation
The hydraulic calculation is done based on the drainage route identification. Discharge
basins are defined to specify the discharge area which is covered by the sewer. The principle for
route identification and basin division is based on the actual discharge direction and different cells,
which are divided from a basin. From the cells, it is possible to calculate the discharge area and
select the coefficient of coverage, etc. In the feasibility report, the preliminary calculation shall be
made for the new construction and presented in the statement for the basic design.
Calculate the drainage flow in accordance with Manning formula:
Q A xV (m 3 /s)
V
1 2/3 1/2
R x S (m/s)
n
In which:
Q - calculated flow(m3/s)
A - cross-section area of the flow (m2)
V - average flow velocity (m/s)
n - roughness coefficient, depending on the nature of river bed surface
R - Hydraulic radius (m)
S - hydraulic gradient(m/m)
Pipes connected in accordance with water-level measure
Coefficient of non-regulation Kng max: Kng-max=1.2
Coefficient Kh-max = 1.8
Calculated slope imin=1/D(mm) in accordance with TCVN:7957-2008
8. Calculation results of WTP scale.
a. Main sewer route with grade 2.
+ Basin 1 - on the north of Hanoi Highway: The wastewater shall be collected to the
main sewer route with grade 2 as follows:
Page 70
- Sewer 400 on Xuan Thuy Street, connecting with Sewer 500 on Nguyen Van Huong
Street
- Sewer 500 on Nguyen Van Huong Street along Sai Gon River
- Sewer 400, 500 on Thao Dien Street connecting with Sewer 500 on Hanoi Highway.
- Sewer 500 on Hanoi Highway and Sewer 500 on Nguyen Van Huong Street are
connected to the Sewer 1000 on the transport junction from Sai Gon Bridge to Tran Nao Street
+ Basin 2 in Binh An Ward along Tran Nao Street: the wastewater is collected to the
main routes with grade II as follows:
- Sewer 1000, 1200 on Tran Nao Street connecting with the Well G5 on Nhieu Loc
Thi Nghe Interceptor.
+ Basin 3 Thu Thiem Urban area: the sewer network shall collect wastewater to the
local pumping station near Well G7 of the interceptor and then the wastewater shall be pumped to
the local WTP of Thu Thiem Urban Area located nearby Sai Gon river and road on the bank of Sai
Gon River, Binh Trung Tay Ward. The wastewater will be treated preliminary to meet Class B in
the first phase (when the interceptors and Nhieu Loc Thi Nghe WTP are not completed). In a next
phase when Nhieu Loc Thi Nghe WTP is completed, the local WTP shall convey the wastewater
to Nhieu Loc Thi Nghe Interceptor.
+ Basin 4 Residential Area in An Phu Ward along Luong Dinh Cua Street
- The pipeline 500 in An Phu Residential Area with 132 ha connects with pipeline 500,
600 in Nguyen Quy Duc Street (Street no. 5).
- The pipeline 500, 600 in Nguyen Quy Duc Street (Street no. 5) connects with pipeline
600, 800 in Luong Dinh Cua Street.
- The pipeline 600, 800 in Luong Dinh Cua Street connect with the pipeline 1000 in
Tran Hung Dao Street toward Well G5 on Nhieu Loc Thi Nghe Interceptor.
- The pipeline 500 in Nguyen Chi Tho Street connect with the route G9
+ Basin 5 - Sport Center in An Phu Ward (on the east of Dong Van Cong Street): the
wastewater is collected to the pipeline 400, 500 in Dong Van Cong Street, to the pipeline 400,
500 in Sai Gon Long Thanh Dau Giay Expressway.
+ Basin 6: the existing area on the East of Dong Van Cong Street (Inter-provincial
Road 25B): the wastewater is collected to main pipeline 800, 1000 in Nguyen Thi Dinh Street
to the pipeline 1200 on the East Ring Road.
Besides, there are some main routes in the existing residential areas as follows:
- The pipeline 600 in Nguyen Duy Trinh Street connects with the pipeline 800 in
Nguyen Thi Dinh Street.
- The pipeline 600 in Nguyen Van Thinh Street connect with the pipeline 1200 in
Nguyen Thi Dinh Street.
- The pipelines 400, 500 on the main street of Binh Trung Dong Street
+ Basin 7 - Thanh My Loi Residential Area on the West of Dong Van Cong (Interprovincial
Road no 25B): The wastewater is collected to the local treatment plant in residential areas. The
wastewater will be treated preliminary to meet Class B in the first phase (when the interceptors and
Nhieu Loc Thi Nghe WTP are not completed). In a next phase when Nhieu Loc Thi Nghe WTP
is completed, the local WTP shall convey the wastewater to Nhieu Loc Thi Nghe Interceptor.
Page 71
+ Basin 8 - Thanh My Loi Cat Lai Residential area on the South of Ring Road no. 2: the
wastewater from the industrial zone and Cat Lai Port shall be treated in the industrial zone and at
the port in accordance with Class A in TCVN 5945-1995 before discharging to Sai Gon River.
The wastewater from Thanh My Loi Cat Lai Residential Area shall be treated at local
WTPs at the first phase (when the interceptors and Nhieu Loc Thi Nghe WTP are not completed).
In a next phase when Nhieu Loc Thi Nghe WTP is completed, the wastewater shall be conveyed
by the pipeline 1200 on the East Ring Road.
b. Pipeline network with grade 3.
Zoning for investment of sewer network with grade 3: As district 2 is a new urban area of
the city in the developing process, including both existing and new residential area with many
projects for new residential area development. The existing common system should be
rehabilitated. The investment in a separated system will require a huge investment. In order to
implement the project effectively, it is necessary to define the areas for investment, clarify the
responsibilities of the developers in the residential areas and of state budget in association with
World Bank funds for rehabilitation of existing residential areas.
The zoning for investment shall be made according to the existing condition of residential
areas and planning orientation for land use and topography. The areas to be invested with the
pipeline network with grade 3 coincides with the proposed areas for investment with the drainage
system.
The proposed areas for investment by funds of World Bank and State Budget are:
- Basin 1: On the north of Hanoi Highway
- Basin 2: basin along Tran Nao Street
- Basin 6: the existing area on the East of Dong Van Cong Street (Inter-provincial
Road 25B).
Water pumping station: The water pumping stations are constructed to reduce the depth of
pipeline installation and pressure increase to convey water to the WTP. It is estimated to invest in 3
pumping stations.
Station 1is located in Nguyen Van Huong Street and junction at Sai Gon Bridge in Thao
Dien Ward.
Station 2 is located in Nguyen Thi Dinh Street and Nguyen Duy Trinh Street in Binh Trung
Dong Ward.
Station 2 is looted in East Ring Road and in Nguyen Thi Dinh Street.
Regarding location of the pumping stations:
- Select relatively independent positions in the area
- Put in the position between road and discharging sources
- Install underground to reduce pollution and create good view for the city.
9. Scale of the sewage system in District 2.
Table 20. The scale of the sewage system in District 2
No.
I
Area
Thao Dien
Network
Grade 2
Items
Pipeline
- Pipeline 500
- Pipeline 400
- Pipeline crossing channels
Unit
Quantity
7.663
2.836
207
Page 72
No.
Area
Network
Grade 3
Grade 2
II
Nam Thao
Dien
Grade 3
III
Binh Trung
Dong - Binh
Trung Tay Cat lai
Grade 2
Grade 3
Items
Cross section with the existing
facilities
Manhole
- Manhole 500
Unit
point
Quantity
18
pcs
143
- Manhole 400
Pipeline
- Pipeline 300
Cross section with the existing
facilities
Manhole
- Manhole 300
Pipeline
- Pipeline 1000
pcs
56
29.882
point
176
pcs
872
2.199
1.241
m
point
62
6
pcs
44
pcs
26
12.413
point
23
pcs
436
1.623
- Pipeline 1000
1.340
- Pipeline 600
3.190
- Pipeline 500
- Pipeline crossing channels
Cross section with the existing
facilities
Manhole
- Manhole 1200
1.946
m
point
80
30
pcs
34
- Manhole 1000
pcs
26
- Manhole 600
pcs
66
- Manhole 500
Pipeline
- Pipeline 300
pcs
42
41.165
- Pipeline 800
- Pipeline crossing channels
Cross section with the existing
facilities
Manhole
- Manhole 1000
- Manhole 800
Pipeline
- Pipeline 300
Cross section with the existing
facilities
Manhole
- Manhole 300
Pipeline
- Pipeline 1200
Page 73
No.
IV
Area
Other areas
Network
Grade 2
Items
Cross section with the existing
facilities
Manhole
- Manhole 300
Pipeline
- Pipeline 1500
Unit
point
Quantity
102
pcs
1.196
1.679
- Pipeline 1200
3.528
- Pipeline 800
607
- Pipeline 600
1.201
- Pipeline 500
5.985
- Pipeline 400
- Pipeline crossing channels
Manhole
- Manhole 1500
3.740
840
pcs
41
- Manhole 1200
pcs
84
- Manhole 800
pcs
16
- Manhole 600
pcs
30
- Manhole 500
pcs
142
- Manhole 400
Transition pumping station
pcs
89
station
Page 74
2. Adverse consequences:
- Costs for construction, operation & maintenance: The criteria for the adverse
consequences are shown in the following table. The area having lower costs for construction,
operation & maintenance shall be more prioritized.
Table 21. Evaluation of the priority criteria for the drainage system.
No.
1
Criteria
Basin 1
Basin 2
Basin 6
+ Existing
13,322
7,161
26,287
+ Planning
40,500
25,500
130,500
+ Existing
36
59
43
+ Planning
110
203
215
Population (persons)
Flood level
152,968
108,062
303,242
11.481
15.089
11.535
+ Planning to 2020
3.776
4.237
2.323
293,469
195,646
564,869
Table 22. Evaluation of the priority criteria for the sewage system with grade 3
No
Criteria
.
1 Population (persons)
Basin 1
Basin 2
Basin 6
+ Existing
13322.4
7161.4
26287.38
+ Planning
40500
25500
130500
+ Existing
36.4
58.7
43.4
+ Planning
110
203
215
170,369
71,250
234,664
Page 75
No
.
Criteria
Basin 1
Basin 2
Basin 6
+ Existing
12.788
9.949
8.926
+ Planning to 2020
4.206
2.794
1.798
270,679.8
180,453.2
438,350.6
Table 23. Evaluation of the priority criteria for the sewage system with grade 2
No.
Criteria
Area 1
Area 2
+ Existing
29223.8
40366.28
+ Planning
143140
198200
Population (persons)
196,212
230,269
+ Existing
6.71411
5.70450
+ Planning to 2020
1.37077
1.16180
416,674.7
491,283.9
4
5
Notes:
Basin 1 in Thao Dien Ward.
Basin 2 in Binh An Ward, along Tran Nao Street.
Basin 6 in the existing area on the East of Dong Van Cong Street in Binh Trung
Dong, Binh Trung Tay & Cat Lai Ward
A
1
A
B
A
B
A
B
Less clearance
compensation
Clearance
compensation
Good
Not good
Few
Many
Few
Many
Comments:
The main criteria for project priority are:
Page 76
Page 77
D A
N VESINH MO
I TR
NG N
C GIAI OAN II / WATER SANITATION STAGE II
A
U T XA
Y DNG MANG L
I THOA
T N
C CA
P II - III TRE
N
A BA
N Q.2 / CONSTRUCTION INVESTMENT DRAINAGE NETWORK L EVEL II-III IN DISTRICT 2
BA
N OPHA
N KHU VC U TIE
N A
U T / PRIORITY REGIONINVESTMENT MAP
QUA
N BNHTHANH
I H
A N
I
IT HAN HA
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NKHU
150
PHNG THAOIE
N
T L - S CALE:
1 /10.000
IT HAN HA
2, 0
1, 8
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40
50
R A
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09
It is shown in the chart that the HCMC Environmental Sanitary Project Phase 2 is really
effective and treat thoroughly all the wastewater, the works on the system must be invested for
construction synchronously from Sanitary works at households, septic tanks, connecting, collection
Page 78
sewers to WTPs. However, not all the households have suitable sanitary works, then the above chart is
failed to be implemented. Even the households have suitable sanitary works, the chart as stated above
is also not implemented properly.
Therefore, the matter is how to construct works under the sewage system in accordance with
the chart as presented above to collect and treat all the wastewater in District 2 and which funds shall
be spent for implementation of the works as stated-above.
The following chart present about responsibilities and fund for construction of works in the
sewage system in District 2.
Page 79
Table Estimates about connection fees with the sewage system regarding households
Planned
Number of
Number of Connection
number of
existing
poor
fee for a
household
households
households household
in 2020
Connection fee
for the existing
residents
Estimated
connection fee in
accordance with
planning to 2020
Connection fee
for poor
households
Area 1
6680
18750
114,343,978,018
320,965,743,538
134,508,765
6195
16250
106,046,010,000
278,167,500,000
A part of An Phu
Ward
485
2500
8,297,968,018
42,798,243,538
134,508,765
Area 2
4268
9500
73,059,624,000
162,621,000,000
4268
9500
73,059,624,000
162,621,000,000
9342
22722
150
159,922,377,915
388,955,026,650
2,561,620,326
17,118,000
4734
11985
64
81,036,494,237
205,155,681,612
1,094,163,635
3752
5668
68
64,234,977,601
97,031,688,219
1,164,380,259
A part of Thanh My
Loi Ward
253
1696
10
4,333,335,733
29,030,833,405
164,508,056
603
3373
10,317,570,344
57,736,823,414
138,568,376
Total
347,325,979,
933
872,541,770,1
88
2,696,129,0
91
(1USD=21.000 VND)
16,539,332
41,549,608
128,387
USD
Page 80
Page 81
Page 82
Page 83
Page 84
Implementation
Employer and
Consultant
Contractor
Project operation
agency
State
management
agencies
Time
DONRE
Completed before
the detailed
design
Employer and
state management
agencies
Employer and
state management
agencies
Quarterly
Yearly
3.5.3 Organization
Responsibilities of organizations and units involved in the assessment process and
environmental monitoring are presented in the following table:
Table 25. Roles & responsibilities of involved organizations and units.
Roles
Implementing agencies
HCMC PC Managing
agency of the Employer
HCMC Steering Center of the
Urban
Flood
Control
Program - Employer
HCMC
Environmental
Sanitary Project Management
Unit (PMU)
Environmental staff of PMU
Environmental Consultant
Contractor
Function
Coordinate and manage the project, including instruction and
supervision about the project
Be responsible for management & implementation of the
Environmental Management Plan
Be responsible for implementation of daily work of the project,
including checking and supervision of Environmental
Management Plan under the Project
Be responsible for training and support for Contractor about
environmental matters as well as checking and monitoring the
implementation in order to ensure the strict compliance with the
procedures.
Preparation of the Environmental Management Plan
Construction in accordance with measures
- Apply mitigation measures in construction
- Ensure safety measures for workers and local residents during
construction
- Follow the safety measures of Vietnam
Operate the project and implement measures for management,
environmental monitoring and reports on monitoring results to
the state management agencies.
Page 85
Roles
Internal monitor
Independent monitor
Function
the Water Supply Project in District 2, HCMC, it is a project
with Grade II, the monitoring report and implementation of
Environmental Management Plan will be evaluated and
approved by Environmental Management Department in
accordance with regulations on environmental management and
protection.
Super the Contractor during the construction, including
implementation of environmental management actives in the
environmental action plan.
Monitor the implementation of Environmental Management Plan
independently
Page 86
Page 87
Ho Chi Minh City, unit price of residential land is referred from land compensation unit price of
Tham Luong - Ben Cat waste water treatment plant.
Based on the Circular guiding preparation and management of work construction
investment project no. 04/2010/TT-BXD on dated 26 May, 2010 by the Ministry of Construction.
Based on the norm of the project management cost and work construction investment
consultant cost issued together with document no. 957/2009/Q-BXD dated 29 September, 2009
by the Ministry of Construction.
Based on the Decision no. 33/2004/QD-BTC dated 12 April, 2004 of Ministry of Finance
on promulgating rules and insurance premiums for construction, installation
Based on the Circular dated no.129/2008/TT-BTC dated 26 December, 2008 guiding
Decree no. 123/2008/ND-CP dated 05 December, 2008 of the Government detailing and guiding
the implementation a number of articles of the Law on Valued Added Tax (VAT).
Based on the Circular no. 19/2011/QD-BTC dated 14 February, 2011 of the Ministry of
Finance guiding the settlement of completed projects funded by the States budget.
Based on the Letter no. 410/BXD-VP dated 31 March, 2010 of the Ministry of Construction
promulgating construction price index of Quarter 4, year 2009
Based on the Circular no.109/2000/TT-BTC dated 13 November, 2000 of the Ministry of
Finance guiding the collection, payment and use of investment appraisal fee.
Calculated by the circular guiding preparation and management of work construction
investment project cost no. 04/2010/TT-BXD dated 26 May, 2010 by the Ministry of Construction.
Based on the Decision no. 410/QD-BXD dated 31 March, 2010 of the Ministry of
Construction on announcement of construction price index quarter 4/2009 and year 2009.
Based on the Decision no.196/QD-BXD dated 23 February, 2011 of the Ministry of
Construction on announcement of construction price index of Quarter 4/2010 and year 2010.
Based on the Decision no.950/QD-BXD dated 31October, 2011 of the Ministry of
Construction announcing the construction price index of Quarter 1,2,3/2011 and year 2011.
Currency and exchange rate: The estimates will be calculated with Vietnam dong then
converted into USD at the exchange rate issued by the State Bank of Vietnam at present time (April
2013): 1USD = 21,000 VN.
4.1.2. Total investment cost.
Description
CONSTRUCTION COST
1,737,551,000,000
1,737,550,629,164
II
EQUIPMENT COST
III
12,760,000,000
IV
58,699,000,000
8,242,172,730
2,496,483,707
Page 88
3,058,727,664
17,606,223,000
18,408,690,689
272,692,894
689,588,157
659,909,679
472,613,771
18,091,569
10
11
49,246,982
12
248,740,000
13
326,640,000
14
2,000,000,000
15
3,840,744,980
OTHER COSTS
50,000,000
108,982,305
114,000,000
30,000,000
Audit cost
2,466,542,012
1,563,896,073
8,728,964,009
VI
4,469,445,384
VII
CONTINGENCY COST
VII
8,550,486,646
13,062,000,000
889,774,000,000
183,478,361,811
706,295,829,083
2,724,557,618,114
Page 89
The allocation of aforesaid investment rate shows that works of construction and
installation, procurement of equipment shall be under the World Bank's ODA, the counterpart fund
of the city People's Committee shall be for the investment preparation, site clearance and
compensation. Particularly, VAT which shall be incorporated in domestic capital is appropriate
because according to the Circular No. 41/2002/TT-BTC dated 03May, 2002 of the Ministry of
Finance, the preferential ODA funded project Owner allocated by the State budget will be refunded
the VAT paid for purchasing goods. On the other hand, the ODA funded project Owner who is
approved to be allocated with counterpart fund by the competent authorities will be made in the
form of revenues and expenditures including VAT. Thus, the category "VAT" allocated in the
domestic capital is suitable.
4.2.2. Plan for capital source allocation
Table: .... Allocation of capital to be used
No
Description
Construction cost
II
Equipment cost
III
WB
8,242,172,730
Budget
12,760,000,000
Budget
IV
58,699,000,000
Budget
Other costs
13,062,000,000
Budget
VI
4,469,445,384
Budget
VII
Contingency cost
889,774,000,000
Budget
183,478,361,811
706,295,829,083
2,724,557,618,114
Budget
WB
Budget
Total
Amount
2,443,846,829,0
83
280,710,789,0
31
2,724,557,618,1
14
USD
116,373,659
13,367,180
143,312,891
EUR
81,461,561
9,357,026
100,319,024
Rate
89.70%
10.30%
100
Year
Description
2013 -2014
2015
2016
Page 90
2017
Year
Cost
of
Project
constructio
managemen
n
&
t cost
Equipment
Other
costs
Consultant
cost
for
investment
construction
Contingenc
y due to
arisen
quantity
Contingenc
y due to
Total
price
escalation
2015
943,80
6,90
7,12
31,73
98,96
299,44
1.387,9
5
2016
489,14
3,58
3,69
16,45
51,29
248,13
812,27
2017
312,85
2,29
2,36
10,52
32,80
225,82
586,64
1.745,79
12,76
13,17
58,70
183,04
773,40
2.786,8
6
Page 91
Urban and Industrial Zone sewage of the Government has clearly stated that the minimum sewage
charge is by 10 % of clean water supply. However, due to the high cost of annual operation
management and low revenues from sewage charge leading the fact that expense is higher than
revenue. Therefore, cost from local budget is taken to support the operation management of the
system, this is especially difficult for the poor localities. Therefore, for this project, the Consultant
proposes a special financial condition for the project to ensure the work management unit can later
afford the cost of annual operation management, detailed as below.
In spreadsheet of financial model, the cost of fixed assets depreciation has still been
calculated so that the project owner can master the assets as well as depreciation of the work.
However, if the calculation is for total fixed asset depreciation, the cost of sewage will be very
high, thus only a part of total depreciation incurred by the project is calculated. The question is how
many percent out of total depreciation of fixed assets will be calculated, this will be clearly stated
in the calculation of sewage charge.
4.4. Calculation of sewage charge
4.4.1. Basis for calculation
Alternative for sewage charge collection will be calculated according to price structure for
sewage service. Accordingly, the determination of sewage charge is aimed to: recover cost for
operation management of the sewage system and there will have a part devoted to construction,
major repair of works on the system. The calculation alternative for sewage charge is presented
below.
Calculation of fixed assets depreciation for sewage works.
According to Decision No.206/2003/QD-BTC stating that all fixed assets including fixed
assets invested by the State shall be calculated and depreciation shall be calculated on business
expenses. Calculated depreciation shall be used for the upgrade and major repairs for work over the
life cycle of the project.
Also in accordance with this Decision, the calculation time for depreciation of all different
fixed assets has relative long variation, accordingly:
Plant and equipment:
5-12 year
25-50 year
Pipeline, channel:
6-30 year
Therefore, the shorter the depreciation period, the higher the price but it also depend on the
actual quality of the work to calculate the depreciation time appropriately. On the other hand, the
depreciation period depends on the life cycle of the project. In theory, the project's life cycle is
assumed to be shorter than the actual one with aim to calculate factors of finance, material cost, and
depreciation according to the most adverse circumstance. Besides, for ODA funded project by the
World Bank, the World Bank has guidelines to calculate by of the project life cycle of 20 years.
Therefore with this project, 03 kinds of fixed assets are divided and depreciation time is
calculated as follows:
Construction works (housing, dispatching part covering 20 years
the work, work items relating to construction etc.)
Work items relating to pipeline, channel etc
20 years
10 years
Page 92
Therefore, the depreciation is mandatory and must be calculated into the cost of wastewater
treatment. However, when calculating depreciation in the cost, the cost of the wastewater treatment
will be higher, but in reality, the projects of sewage and wastewater treatment system in Vietnam
are not currently profitable and popular. Therefore, people havent had a habit of paying sewage
charge as calculated cost of the project. Normally payable sewage charge in fact is much lower
than theoretical calculations. For example, every year Hanoi has to cover losses of about 20-40% of
the total cost of sewage system operation management because sewage charge collection is lower
than calculation.
Thus, the calculation of depreciation into sewage cost is mandatory. The question is, for the
environmental sanitary sewage project in Vietnam, what is appropriate depreciation rate? which
can ensure the project will be effective in both economic and financial aspect and the project
owner has annual the repair and maintenance of the system but also ensure suitability for the
difficult and poor economic conditions of the locality having project.
For this project, we will provide the different depreciation rate and proposal for the rate of
depreciation of 40% as the option. This is a reasonable rate for a particular urban like Ho Chi Minh
City, but this rate also ensure that the project will get profit and economical and financial
effectiveness. The other rates will also be calculated and the comparison will be presented in
sensitivity analysis Section.
If the depreciation rate is higher, the sewage charge will be more. However, the depreciation
rate must be large enough so that the project has financial productivity. Therefore, for this project,
the depreciation rate of 40% will be correspondent with a relatively high level of sewage charge
(average sewage charge is 6000 dong/1m3). As a result, assistance from the Government of
Vietnam and state budget for the production activity of the work is very important and consistent
with the actual situation of the current sewage charge collection in Vietnam.
The cost of operation and maintenance of sewage and wastewater collection system.
The determination of sewage and collection charge will affect the projected sewage charge.
Specifically in Table 4 (in Appendix).
In the table above, we plan to calculate depreciation only with one certain rate. We know
that depreciation is mandatory to be calculated in the cost forming price. The question is what rate
for depreciation. Because depreciation is calculated with rate of 100% of depreciation value, the
price of sewage and waste water collection will be very high. And if the cost is high, sewage charge
must be high too to ensure profit for the project. Therefore, in this project we calculate the
depreciation rate of 25%.
4.5.3. Determination of sewage charge
Price structure for sewage service:
Based on price factors of waste water production, maintenance and operation.
Based on common principle determining sewage charge mentioned above.
Based on Circular no. 17/2005/TT-BXD dated 1November, 2005 of the Ministry of
Construction guiding methods of preparation and management of estimated price of urban welfare
service.
Sewage service structure is described in the table as below:
Chemical,
material
power,
Operation
salary
and
additional Direct
cost
for
operation- Direct cost
maintenance and waste water
maintenance treatment
Sewage
charge
Page 93
Production tools
Construction material
Operation
salary
and
maintenance Direct
cost
of
operationmaintenance of the network
Management
cost
Profit before
tax
The above table shows drainage, sewerage charge should not only ensure the cost of
management and operation but also satisfy the guaranteed profits, tax payment and depreciation
calculation. The cost of operation and maintenance, calculation method of depreciation and
depreciation rates have been presented in the sections above. The problem of tax and profit
calculated in sewage charge is defined as follows:
Sewage charge was calculated at 2012 and started in production and operation of the
system.
Charge for domestic waste water, small scale production, public and service should be
calculated by % rate of average sewage charge.
The sewage charge calculated below is average sewage charge to be applied for every
discharging objects.
As stipulated in the Circular no. 17/2005/TT-BXD dated 01 November, 2005 of the
Ministry of Construction, the norm interest rate is chosen by 10% of direct production and general
administration cost.
As stipulated in the Decree no. 35/2002/ND-CP dated 03/29/2002 of the Government on
sectors benefited with investment preferential (subject to List A), income tax for special services
such as sewage and wastewater treatment system is taken by 20% of profit before tax.
From the basis above, sewage charge is proposed as the table below:
No
Description
Unit
Amount
Direct cost
Power cost
VND/m3
99,48
Chemical cost
VND/m3
Labor cost
VND/m3
165,8
VND/m3
605,74
Subtotal I
II
Management cost
871,02
VND/m3
109,42
Page 94
No
Description
Unit
Total II
Amount
109,42
III
0,53
4845,98
4845,98
IV
VND/m3
98,04
VND/m3
19,61
Subtotal IV
117,65
VND/m3
6000
Therefore, average sewage charge at the moment of 2013-starting year of the project is
6000 VND/1m3. This charge will totally satisfy the cost of operation, maintenance, profit, tax
payment and a part of the depreciation to be deducted for the re-investment and major repair of
facilities on the sewage system.
The table is for defining average sewage charge, however in the project area there are many
different discharging objects, the determination of particular sewage charge for each discharging
subject is very important especially for domestic waste water discharging object (accounting for the
largest proportion), and the basis for determining sewage charge for each discharging object is as
follows:
The determination of sewage charge for each discharging object is aimed to collect sewage
charge easily during the operation.
K coefficient is determined based rate between average selling price of clean water and
clean water selling price of each different using object.
Sewage charge is calculated at the moment when the work is started being put into use in
2012.
% rate of waste water discharging object is taken by % rate of clean water using object.
No
1
2
3
4
0.76
1.30
1.50
1.40
65.00
5.00
20.00
10.00
100.00
Thus sewage charge for domestic waste water discharging object is the lowest with only
3,900 VN/1 m3 of waste water at the time of 2013
Sewage charge increase schedule.
Page 95
The identification of sewage charge increase schedule is aimed to forecast sewage charge
expected in the next year in order to calculate the financial and economic model accurately, and
make predictions for project owners as well as discharging objects of sewage charge to be paid in
the following years.
As mentioned above, sewage charge is a new issue in Vietnam, especially when the sewage
charge is rather high (for this project). Therefore, assistance from the Government and the state
budget for the maintenance and operation of the sewage system is every important. With
depreciation rate of only 40%, but the result shows relatively high sewage charge (4500
dong/1m3). Therefore in the early years of production, it should have support from the state budget
and need to gradually increase sewage charge following a certain schedule.
Schedule for sewage charge is planned to increase once a year, this is only the plan of the
Consultant, in fact sewage charge will be decided to increase depending on the project owners,
management agencies of and actual sewage works and actual conditions during the operation as
well as the actual economic conditions of the people in the project area.
The table of sewage charge increase schedule is presented in the Appendix.
Page 96
Page 97
WB
PMU
Contractors
State Bank is assigned to negotiate on behalf of the Government, signed the sponsor
agreement and other legal documents related to the WB.
Ministry of Construction uses his tasks and functions construction management to consider
the technical problems of all project components.
Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment should consider the environmental issues
of the project.
3. Generalization of coordination mechanism between Departments, relevant sectors
of the city in project implementation
Once the loan agreement has been approved and the loan is provided, the Government shall
assign Ho Chi Minh City People's Committee to perform the loan. Ho Chi Minh City People's
Committee shall provide counterpart funds for the project, ensuring that agencies comply with the
obligations specified in the loan agreement. Project Management Office on behalf of Ho Chi Minh
Citys People's Committee to direct the execution and management of the State in accordance with
the laws of ODA funded programs and projects of the City.
Ho Chi Minh City People's Committee issued Decision 4422/QD-UBND dated 19 August,
2013 on the establishment of the Project Management Unit of the citys Environmental Sanitation
project (hereinafter referred to as Project Management Unit) under the Department of Transport,
playing role as HCMC Environmental Sanitation Project -phase 2.
The Department of Transport will directly manage the Project Management Unit and
support it under the implementation of the functions and tasks and simultaneously solve and handle
contents beyond the competence to ensure project progress.
The departments and relevant sectors of the City shall base on the functions and assigned
tasks to assist the Employer in the project's contents as well as arisen issues to help the project
fulfill the schedule as committed with the sponsors.
Project Management Unit shall establish the Project Management Unit to help him organize
project implementation. Project Management Unit shall work directly with contractors, consultants
to implement the project. The disbursements for the project will be disbursed to contractors by
Project Management Unit after acceptance of the work volume in accordance with the current
disbursement procedures.
5.2.2. Role of organizations, functional agencies organizing the project implementation
The project implementation is decentralized from central to local.
Page 98
- The Government: To consider and approve the list of projects, sign framework agreement
between the Government of Vietnam and World Bank. Manage macroeconomic in the management
and use of ODA fund.
- Ministry of Planning & Investment: To be leading agency and chairman in charge of the
implementation of ODA-funded projects such as guiding the governing agency to build a list of
programs and projects required ODA of each agency to make a list of ODA requirement for the
Prime Ministers approval.
- Ministry of Finance: To be official representative for Borrower who is the Government
or Socialist Republic of Vietnam in specific international treaties for ODA fund. Preside over the
affairs of the financial sector such as: promulgating regulations on lending, distribution, financial
condition, financial mechanism etc.
- Relevant Ministries, Sectors: To coordinate with the Ministry of Planning and Investment, give
comments and perform works related to State policy for ODA funded projects. Implementing state
management functions for programs and projects in accordance with the law. Upon request, review
and comment in writing on issues related to programs and projects within stipulated time.
- Ho Chi Minh citys People Committee: To coordinate with the Ministry of Planning and
Investment in submission to the Government on signing of specific international treaties on ODA
for programs and projects in the field of being charged under the provisions of this Regulation;
assure quality and effectively use of ODA to be directly controlled and implemented by the
locality; take responsibility for land acquisition, site clearance and implementation of
compensation resettlement policies for programs and projects in the area District 2 under the
provisions of law.
- Responsibilities of Ho Chi Minh citys Department of Transport-Employer of the Project.
+ Establish, submit for approval; organize compensation, site clearance, receive handover
of construction site; prepare, submit for approval of bidding plan, bidding documents; organize
bidding; bid evaluation, submit bidding results to the city People's Committee for approval.
+ Prepare application for receiving or leasing for the construction of the project works.
+ Coordinate with local authorities to implement the land compensation, crops etc site
clearance and hand over the construction site in accordance with the schedule.
+ Coordinate with relevant agencies to promptly solve the necessary works to be done
during the implementation.
+ Organize final payment, submit final payment of works for approval.
+ Project Management Unit of the city Environmental Sanitation: On behalf of the
Employer to carry out all the work of the project as preparing, submitting, performing works of
investigation, compensation, resettlement, preparing, submitting and evaluating bids, signing and
implementing the contract with successful Bidder according to the current regulations etc.
- Responsibilities of the Consultant
+ Perform works before the investment (investigation, social economic survey, preparation
of work construction investment project, basic design etc).
+ Support or implement works related to bidding documents, bidding evaluation etc.
Page 99
+ Support the Employer in the process of selecting, negotiating, negotiating and contracting
with the parties. The Consultant shall help the Employer in the form of report to the superiors at
every step of implementation.
+ Provide the Contractor all necessary information, perform well their responsibilities in the
construction process.
+ Take part in considering the plan, schedule submitted by the Contractor; propose
measures in favor of the project.
+ Assist the Employer to check and certify the quantity and quality of construction work
items. Timely notify to the Employer any arisen mater regarding the quality of the work.
+ Prepare data, technical documentation, and finance... as a legal basis for the completion of
construction, handover and putting the work into operation.
- Other relevant agencies: To implement the project as scheduled, the HCMC
Environmental Sanitation PMU shall need to coordinate closely with other agencies and
authorities such as: District 2 People's Committee, the Department of Planning and Investment,
Department of Construction, Department of Finance, Department of Natural Resources and
Environment, Committee of the relevant ward and communes etc to timely solve tasks such as
funding, applying for permits of construction, compensation, treatment of underground works, final
payment etc.
5.3. Project implementation schedule
To perform well works of the project, all involved agencies and authorities must participate
and take responsibility for the project.
Under the provisions of Vietnam Law, the project management and implementation shall
comply with the Decree no.12/2009/ND-CP dated 10 February, 2009 and the Decree No.
83/2009/ND-CP dated 15 October, 2009 of the Government on amending and supplementing a
number of articles of Decree No. 12/2009/ND-CP on management of work construction investment
projects.
To implement the project, it can be divided into 03 phases: preparation phase for
investment, investment phase and operation & management phase. For each phase, the
responsibilities of involved parties and agencies involved are different but generally agree on the
content of works to be done.
Table : Project implementation schedule
No
Contents
Completion time
June, 2013
October, 2013
November, 2013
Project completion
December, 2013
January, 2014
Page 100
Commencement of construction
September, 2014
10
Page 101
Upon the project is approved and accepted from relevant authorities, the detailed bidding
documents will be prepared and submitted to WB for review and approval after being submitted to
the Employer.
b. Package name: Contract package 02: Supervision consultant for construction and
equipment installation for sewer system with grade 2 & 3 in District 2, Ho Chi Minh City.
Description of contract package: Supervision for construction and equipment installation
of rain water and waste water collection system class 2 and 3.
Bidding form: International Competitive Bidding
Bidding method: 01 document package
Time to be scheduled: 6/2014.
c. Package name: Contract package 03: Appraisal Consultant for construction drawings
of sewer system class 2 and 3 in District 2, Ho Chi Minh City.
Description of contract package: Appraisal of construction drawings of sewer system with
grade 2 & 3 in District 2, Ho Chi Minh City.
Bidding form: International Competitive Bidding
Bidding method: 01 document package
Time to be scheduled: 3/2014.
02. Installation and construction:
a. Contract package 04: Construction of waste water collection system with grade 3 in
Binh Trung Dong Binh Trung Tay Cat Lai area
Description of contract package: Construction of sewer system with grade 3 in Binh
Trung Dong, Binh Trung Tay, Cat Lai basin
Bidding form: International Competitive Bidding
Bidding method: 01 document package
Time to be scheduled: 6/2014.
b. Contract package 05: Construction and equipment installation of waste water collection
class 2 in the East of Dong Van Cong road, Binh Trung Dong and Binh Trung Tay wards.
Description of contract package: Construction of sewer system class 2 in the East of
Dong Van Cong road, Binh Trung Dong, Binh Trung Tay, Cat Lai basin
Bidding form: International Competitive Bidding
Bidding method: 01 document package
Time to be scheduled: 6/2014.
c. Contract package 06: Construction of waste water collection connection system class 2
in District 2, Ho Chi Minh City.
Description of contract package: Construction of pipeline system connected from sewer
network class 2 to the common waste water collection system of the City.
Bidding form: International Competitive Bidding
Bidding method: 01 document package
Time to be scheduled: 6/2014.
d. Contract package 07: Provision and installation of equipment, training waste water
pumping station operation.
Page 102
Page 103
Page 104
Investment
Depreciation
No.
Items
(million vnd)
time (year)
1
Construction
2,250,521
6
2
Technology
281,315
20
2
Equipment
140,658
20
3
Other assets
140,658
20
Total
2,813,151
Identification of production costs and overhead costs
Depreciation
value
(million vnd)
375,087
14,066
7,033
7,033
Item
Unit
Quantity
Unit price
I
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
Dredging &
maintenance
D300
D400
D500
D600
D800
D1000
D1200
D1500
D1800
D2000
BxH:1.4x1.6
BxH:1.6x1.6
BxH:1.6x2.0
BxH:2.0x2.0
BxH:2x1.6x2.0
BxH:2x2.0x2.0
II
1
2
Equipment
depreciation
Specialized vehicles Package
Auxiliary equipment Package
m
m
m
m
m
m
m
m
m
m
m
m
m
m
m
m
(VND)
Amount
5,761,834,898
0
0
484
858
6,260
6,194
6,607
7,675
0
1,609
0
0
0
701
0
0
1
1
55,120
60,700
74,500
78,740
147,560
162,740
183,100
194,780
210,960
265,140
211,240
240,660
312,760
398,880
625,520
797,760
5,410,173,613
0
0
0
67,558,920
923,685,759
1,008,045,735
1,209,721,559
1,494,936,500
0
426,610,260
0
0
0
279,614,880
0
0
270,508,681
54,101,736
351,661,285
270,508,681
54,101,736
Page 105
Protection
Package
27,050,868
I
1
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Dredging and
maintenance
D300(*)
D300
D400
D500
D600
D800
D1000
D1200
D1500
II
1
2
3
Equipment
depreciation
Specialized vehicles Package
Auxiliary equipment Package
Protection
Package
m
m
m
m
m
m
m
m
m
27,050,868
9,216,786,685
83,460
0
6,785
15,778
4,608
1,910
3,574
5,246
2,519
1
1
1
Total
55,120
55,120
60,700
74,500
78,740
147,560
162,740
183,100
194,780
8,865,125,400
4,600,315,200
0
411,849,500
1,175,461,000
362,833,920
281,839,600
581,632,760
960,542,600
490,650,820
270,508,681
54,101,736
27,050,868
351,661,285
270,508,681
54,101,736
27,050,868
14,978,621,583
Quanti
No.
Working position
ty
1
Managers
1
2
Operation managers
2
3
Operation workers
10
4
Indirect workers
2
5
Total annual salary
Identification of drainage & sewage system.
Salary
(million
Costs
vnd/
(million
month)
vnd)
9
9
7
14
5
50
4
8
972
According to the request of HCMC, a scenario with treatment cost for wastewater is 10% of
water supply price in accordance with Decree no. 25/2013/ND-CP. Regarding finance of the
project, the tariff is not financially sustainable because it does not guarantee for the investment and
operation in HCMC. The roadmap of wastewater tariff proposed in Decree 88/2007/ND-CP and
Decree 25 are shown in the table below
Page 106
2
3
TC
1.5%
350
6000
15%
650000
Items
Year
1
6,000
6,900
7,935
9,125
10,494
Population (persons)
Quantity of the
wastewater (m3/day)
650,000
659,750
669,646
679,691
689,886
227,500
230,913
234,376
237,892
241,460
Revenue (1000vn)
1,365,000
1,593,296
1,859,775
2,170,822
2,533,892
No.
1
Wastewater/ person
(l/person/day)
Wastewater tariff
(VND)
3%
10
11
12
13
12,068
13,878
15,960
18,354
21,107
24,273
27,914
32,102
700,235
710,738
721,399
732,220
743,203
754,352
765,667
777,152
245,082
248,758
252,490
256,277
260,121
264,023
267,983
272,003
2,957,686
3,452,359
4,029,766
4,703,744
5,490,446
6,408,723
7,480,582
8,731,709
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
36,917
42,454
48,822
56,146
64,568
74,253
85,391
Page 107
788,809
800,641
812,651
824,841
837,213
849,771
862,518
276,083
280,224
284,428
288,694
293,025
297,420
301,881
10,192,087
11,896,714
13,886,439
16,208,946
18,919,892
22,084,244
25,777,834
Operation costs
Salary payment
2
3
4
Year 6
403,21
8
403,21
8
Year 13
29,33
7
97
2
28,13
2
7
6
15
7
Year 7
29,31
4
97
2
28,13
2
5
7
15
4
Year 8
29,31
8
97
2
28,13
2
5
9
15
5
Year 14
Year 1
403,21
8
Year 2
403,21
8
Year 3
403,21
8
Year 4
403,21
8
Year 5
403,21
8
403,21
8
403,21
8
403,21
8
403,21
8
403,21
8
Year 9
29,32
1
97
2
28,13
2
6
2
15
5
Year 15
Year 10
Year 11
Year 12
29,325
29,328
29,332
972
972
972
28,132
28,132
28,132
65
69
72
156
156
157
Year 16
Year 17
Year 18
Year 19
Year 20
29,341
29,345
29,350
29,355
29,361
29,366
29,372
972
972
972
972
972
972
972
28,132
28,132
28,132
28,132
28,132
28,132
28,132
80
84
88
92
97
102
107
158
158
159
160
160
161
162
Items
YEAR 1
YEAR 2
YEAR 3
YEAR 4
YEAR 5
Page 108
.
1
2
Total revenue
VAT tax
1,365
-
1,593
-
4
5
403,218
403,218
Gross profit
CIT
(401,853)
-
(401,625)
-
(401,853)
(401,625)
20,161
20,161
20,161
20,161
20,161
Financial contingency 5%
Investment & development fund
10%
40,322
40,322
40,322
40,322
40,322
40,322
40,322
40,322
40,322
40,322
48,386
48,386
48,386
48,386
48,386
Retained profit
Debt payment and reinvestment
(401,853)
(401,625)
362,896
403,218
Profit
(38,957)
1,593
403,218
YEAR 6
2,958
403,218
(400,261)
(400,261)
1,860
2,171
2,534
403,218
403,218
403,218
403,218
403,218
1,860
2,171
2,534
403,218
403,218
403,218
403,218
YEAR 10
YEAR 11
YEAR 12
YEAR 13
10.00%
11.15%
4,553
YEAR 7
YEAR 8
YEAR 9
3,452
4,030
4,704
5,490
6,409
7,481
8,732
29,314
29,318
29,321
29,325
29,328
29,332
29,337
(25,862)
(25,288)
(24,617)
(23,834)
(22,920)
(21,852)
(20,605)
(25,862)
(25,288)
(24,617)
(23,834)
(22,920)
(21,852)
(20,605)
20,161
1,466
1,466
1,466
1,466
1,466
1,467
1,467
40,322
2,931
2,932
2,932
2,932
2,933
2,933
2,934
Page 109
40,322
2,931
2,932
2,932
2,932
2,933
2,933
2,934
48,386
3,518
3,518
3,519
3,519
3,519
3,520
3,520
(25,862)
(25,288)
(24,617)
(23,834)
(22,920)
(21,852)
(20,605)
28,132
28,132
28,132
28,132
28,132
28,132
28,132
2,269
2,844
3,514
4,297
5,212
6,280
7,527
28,132
28,132
28,132
28,132
28,132
28,132
28,132
(400,261)
403,218
2,958
403,218
YEAR 14
10,192
29,341
(19,149)
(19,149)
1,467
2,934
2,934
3,521
(19,149)
28,132
8,983
28,132
YEAR 15
11,897
29,345
(17,449)
(17,449)
1,467
2,935
2,935
3,521
(17,449)
28,132
10,683
28,132
YEAR 16
13,886
29,350
(15,464)
(15,464)
1,468
2,935
2,935
3,522
(15,464)
28,132
12,668
28,132
YEAR 17
16,209
29,355
(13,146)
(13,146)
1,468
2,936
2,936
3,523
(13,146)
28,132
14,985
28,132
YEAR 18
18,920
29,361
(10,441)
(10,441)
1,468
2,936
2,936
3,523
(10,441)
28,132
17,691
28,132
YEAR 19
22,084
29,366
(7,282)
(7,282)
1,468
2,937
2,937
3,524
(7,282)
28,132
20,850
28,132
YEAR 20
25,778
29,372
(3,594)
(3,594)
1,469
2,937
2,937
3,525
(3,594)
28,132
24,537
28,132
The life cycle of the project is determined on the basis of 20 year depreciation of fixed
assets in accordance with current regulations of Vietnam and the guidance of WB about
calculating time of the project life cycle.
The results of financial analysis are as follows: (details in the appendix of the report)
FIRR:
11,15%
FNPV:
4,553,000
Page 110
From the above results, it is shown that the project is beneficial for people in terms of social
welfare and living condition without commercial purpose. And the project is sustainable for the
operation of wastewater collection & treatment system according to the stated-above indicator.
Therefore the project is applicable for the loan of World Bank
6.1.2. Repayment ability of the project:
Peoples Committee of HCMC shall be the representative for the Government of Vietnam in
responsible for payment in accordance with terms and conditions of WB.
Loan interest: 0%
Principle payment time:
Payment term:
20 years
IRR
0%
11.15%
NPV
4553.20
Increase of the
0%
Changes of the total investment
0%
5%
10%
11.15%
10.66%
10.21%
4,553.20
6,000
2,720.39
887.58
15%
9.78%
(945.23)
20%
9.38%
(2,778.04)
vn
Page 111
wastewater
Changes of the wastewater tariff
4,00
5,00
6,00
0
0
0
6.83%
9.15%
11.15%
6,00
0
IRR
11.15%
NPV
4553.20
7,00
8,00
0
12.91%
0
14.52%
12,254.73
19,956.25
4,553.20
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
4,000
(20,014)
(21,847)
5,000
(3,148)
(4,981)
(6,814)
(8,647)
(10,480)
(12,312)
(14,145)
6,000
4,553
2,720
888
(945)
(2,778)
(4,611)
(6,444)
7,000
12,255
10,422
8,589
6,756
4,923
3,091
1,258
8,000
19,956
18,123
16,291
14,458
12,625
10,792
8,959
9,000
27,658
25,825
23,992
22,159
20,327
18,494
16,661
10,000
35,359
33,526
31,694
29,861
28,028
26,195
24,362
IRR
11.15%
4,000
Changes in wastewater tariff
5%
5,000
6,000
7,000
8,000
9,000
10,000
0%
25%
30%
6.83%
6.41%
6.02%
5.65%
5.30%
4.97%
4.65%
9.15%
8.70%
8.28%
7.88%
7.50%
7.15%
6.81%
11.15%
10.66%
10.21%
9.78%
9.38%
9.00%
8.64%
12.91%
12.40%
11.92% 11.46%
11.04%
10.63%
10.25%
14.52%
13.97%
13.46% 12.98%
12.53%
12.11%
11.70%
16.01%
15.43%
14.89% 14.38%
13.91%
13.46%
13.04%
17.40%
16.79%
16.22% 15.69%
15.19%
14.72%
14.28%
Thus, in case the depreciation rate increases to 60%, the wastewater tariff should be
vnd/1m3 to ensure the financial requirements. This is a high cost and is not suitable for people of
Vietnam in general and people of Ho Chi Minh City in particular. Therefore, we have proposed that
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it is necessary to have subsidy from the government, the state budget for the operation and
maintenance of drainage & sewage systems in Ho Chi Minh City.
On the other hand, it is also necessary to have a roadmap for increasing the wastewater
discharge tariff according to the actual management & operation. The depreciation rate of 60%
should be applicable in the most suitable time in order to re-investment and repair works on the
drainage & sewage system. Then the wastewater discharge tariff should increase significantly
according to the tables of analysis results.
6.2. Evaluation on the social impacts
6.2.1. Drainage & sewage and environmental sanitary
The drainage &sewage and environmental sanitary are necessary to be solved in residential
areas in urban areas. Many places in the project are seriously flooded due to the weakness in
drainage & sewage system. In addition, environmental pollution is a very urgent matter in localities
since there are no wastewater collection and treatment systems.
Therefore, the demand for drainage & sewage is very clear and urgent. The households are
willingness to be provided with the drainage & sewage provision through the commitment
statement and discussion in meetings. So, the people have demand and are willingness to pay for
the provided drainage & sewage services. The raised matter is the service quality shall have a
decisive role in the demand and payment capacity of the customers. The demand and requirements
of the beneficiary are shown in their willingness to connect with the urban drainage & sewage
system, their support in construction of drainage & sewage systems for their own benefits. From
the need of sewers with grade 3 in subareas, rehabilitation & construction of sewers with grade 1
and grade 2, the project basically meets the demand and requirement of the beneficiaries. The need
for improving the environmental sanitary has been met through the collection system and
wastewater treatment system, rehabilitation and construction of new sewers in order to fully control
the flood in urban areas.
6.2.2. Living condition of residents and economic development:
It is possible that the project will improve the living condition significantly through the
provision of unavailable services at the moment or available services which are in poor condition
as well as health improvement. The health shall be improve as the environmental sanitary shall be
improved thanks to construction of drainage system and dredging of the river, separate collection
system and wastewater treatment in order to reduce the impacts from diseases generated from
wastewater as well as improving the working capacity of people. The leave from work and sickness
due to the flood and improper wastewater system shall have negative impact on the poor people
and increase the poverty. A clean natural condition shall attract and keep an amount of visitors to
the area and change the view of investors.
Infrastructure improvement shall promote the local economic development, generating from
the demand increase of material and construction workers. The benefit for the poor (male and
female) shall create more work for unskilled workers.
The programs for improving awareness shall encourage the relationship development
between seriously poor people with the public organizations, public infrastructure works and
authority agencies of the city as well as promote community sense in poor areas. The public
program shall develop and increase skills for public officers and local authority agencies and PCs.
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The wastewater discharge tariff shall assist the HCMC Steering Center of the Urban Flood
Control Program, who shall take over and mange the works under the project in order to create the
fund for implementation of the project, serving the expansion of discharge service coverage in
order to meet the higher requirement of customers.
6.4. Risk evaluation
6.4.1. Commercial risks
The administrative procedures and procedures for project approval and issuance of decision
at different sectors and agencies shall take time and result in the efficiency reduction of the project
partially. If the approval of project investment fund is prolonged, the plan and estimates are
possible to be drafted again, resulting in the prolonged delay time in the total implementation time
later.
The changes in the scope of work during the project implementation shall have effects on
the progress and usage of resources for project supervision, such as redesign and re-preparation of
the bidding documents, etc. The situation shall result in the waste of reserved capital and addition
of new investment for the re-design.
The acquisition capacity of the organizations and employers regarding a huge amount of
knowledge about technique may lead to the delay in the decision making process and approval of
design, and then the master schedule shall be affected.
The re-organization of the management board in order to meet the standards as set forth for
the project should be done quickly. Otherwise, it shall result in the misleading in the overall design
and procurement process, causing the delay in the progress.
The commercial risks of the project should occur if:
- The World Bank does not grant a soft loan for the project implementation;
- The PC of HCMC does not provide the counter-part fund for activities to prepare for the
investment;
- Vietnamese agencies suspend the project implementation due to the insufficient fund.
- The Vietnamese agencies suspend the project because the effectiveness of the project fails
to meet the customers requirements.
There are almost no political risks in Vietnam, which is a stable country in terms of polity
and sustainable economic development.
The relation with the local agencies has a very important role because the situation that the
budget for the project is very comparable between the local agencies is very sensitive.
Changes about legal regulations, taxes and other charges could lead to the delay and cost
increase as the cases of VAT tax increase applied in January 1999.
Table of commercial risk and recovery measures
Risks
Consequence
Delay due to any reasons Estimated costs for
(changes in the scope of project would increase
work, approval procedures)
Measures
the Increase
the
number
of
supervisors, explain reasons for
delay and request for more
investment.
Ineffective work of the Insufficient
qualification, It is necessary to analyze the
local officers
prolonged time for approval strong and weak points of the
and
decision
making local officers and propose the
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Risks
Consequence
procedures
Quality
Increase more
delayed time
&
costs
&
management
Lack of qualified
proper officers
Cultural
conflict
individual conflict
Measures
training for officers about project
procedures
(techniques,
institution, procurement and
operation, etc.)
Agreement between the subconsultant and subcontractor to
avoid the risk
Negotiation with the local
agencies to minimize the delayed
time and discuss about the
possible compensation measures.
It is necessary to pay attention to
select contractor and have
training to understand the local
condition and culture.
Project Director of the Contractor
and head-office shall solve any
conflicts.
Improve the relationship with
customers and local constructors
with other shareholders.
Negotiation with customers
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Risks
Environmental
management
plan, proposed by the Project
are not implemented by the
city during the construction
period.
Measures
Implementation
of
the
environmental management
plan is evaluated in the PostProject Phase with the report
on the implementation status
for
WB
and
Vietnam
Agencies.
Human
Resources
for
management and operation of
the wastewater treatment and
sanitary
company
shall
continuously developed by
HCMC PC and PC of District
2.
The
evaluation
and
observation can be done in
the Post-Project Phase and the
report shall be submitted to
WB and Vietnam Agencies.
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Assumption
Risks
The
tariff
collection
is
transferred to another agency,
resulting in the lower quality of
drainage and sewage service.
Measures
preliminary treatment or
separate sewage system after
determine the type of waste.
The management systems for
finance, plan and budget are
designed with the operating
organization (UDC HCMC).
In the post-project phase, the
Consultant may observe the
system and report to WB and
authority
agencies
of
Vietnam.
After the completion of the
main works, work warranty
shall be done in the new
phase (12 months) and UDC
HCMC shall operate the
works in the Post-project
period (12 months).
Therefore the Consultant can
supervise the operation and
maintenance and report to
WB and authority agencies of
Vietnam on the operation and
management problems if
occurring.
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causing clogging and damage of the system. In order to limit the risk, the management program for
the septic tanks is prepared to ensure the efficient working condition.
There is possibly another risk that some households shall connect illegally to the system,
resulting in difficulties of management & operation due to the lack of control and increase of nonrevenue discharge.
Despite the fact that a series of lagoons is a popular process technology in the world and
have been proved that it is an effective treatment technology in the Phase 1. However if the
wastewater has a too large amplitude, the effluent shall be affected in terms of quality.
Besides, during the operation, the operation of technical workers can also be one of the
reasons affecting the effluent quality.
The assumptions and risks related to the design and construction supervision are shown in
the table below:
Risk identification and recovery measures in term of technology
Assumption
Related to the Output:
HCMC PC, DOC and DPI
shall approve the detailed
design
documents
and
bidding documents in time.
Risk
Risk 1: The detailed design of
the sewage network and
works are not approved by
DOC. This risk would result
in the delay of bidding
document preparation and
construction phase.
Measures
Action 1: The Consultation,
having the key experts can
guarantee that the design
parameters are in accordance
with
standards
and
regulations
of
Vietnam,
actively discuss with local
authority agencies from the
initial phase of the detail
design to promote the good
cooperation between parties
and ownership of the final
design. So the risk during the
approval process could be
limited.
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Assumption
Risk
qualified
candidates
designated for initial training
and take-over of positions.
The proposed salary is not
attractive enough to meet the
demand for these positions.
Risk 3: Managers and staff
are transferred or quite the
job.
In all the three cases, the
quality regarding service and
management shall be reduced
in a long term.
Measures
the city steering committee.
After
completion
of
construction
phase,
the
Consultant might continue
supervision and evaluation
during the Post-project phase
and has a report with proposal
to WB and authority agencies
of Vietnam.
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