Documenti di Didattica
Documenti di Professioni
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da Informtica
Gaspar - 2011
(1)considerar os motivos dos estudantes para aprender o ingls e suas necessidades; (2)construir
capacidades e habilidades para propsitos definidos; (3)usar o conhecimento anterior, ou o que os
estudantes trazem com eles para a situao do aprendizado, ou seja, o que os aprendizes tem, fazem e
podem fazer no processo do aprendizado; (4)dar permisso para a voz dos estudantes; tornar o uso da
lngua significativo; capacitar os alunos a ver razes para aprender e (5)ajudar os alunos a desenvolver
estratgias individuais de aprendizado; alterar hbitos de estudo no-saudveis; quebrar a velha tradio
de memorizao e repetio do conhecimento transmitido pelo professor (minha traduo).
Aprender Ingls Instrumental, portanto, quer dizer aprender para um propsito e aprender
dentro de uma abordagem que faa com que as razes para se aprender sejam no s claras como
tambm significativas para os aprendizes e seus professores de ingls (CELANI, 2008). .
A disciplina Ingls Instrumental deve ser ditada pelo contexto social. Contedos, ensino,
materiais e metodologias de ensino so determinados pelos interesses, pelo contexto social e pela
bagagem cultural dos estudantes. A lngua no o objeto de aprendizado, mas o resultado, o
produto da interao mtua entre o aprendiz e o mundo l fora, que, no caso do ingls um grande
mundo cheio de desafios exigncias e limitaes (CELANI, 2008).
tempo as coisas mudam, novos termos e novos produtos so criados. E na rea da Informtica isto
ocorre muito frequentemente. Portanto, o profissional desta rea deve estar sempre procurando se
atualizar e ficar por dentro das mudanas.
SUMMARY
A DISCIPLINA INGLS INSTRUMENTAL
10
13
14
15
V. Cognate words
16
17
17
19
24
27
51
REFERNCIAS
54
DIAGNOSTIC TEST
Resolva as questes abaixo e, ao final, some seus pontos. O valor de cada item est em parnteses.
Glossary:
inside: dentro
to care: importar-se
to avoid: evitar
deals: negcios
even though: ainda que,
mesmo que
to understand: entender
enough:suficiente
but (1):menos, exceto
but (2):mas
often:frequentemente
hub: centro
to manage:gerenciar
to store:armazenar
to boost: aumentar
Most people don't know exactly what goes oninsideof their computers, and
most of those people don't care. But understanding the basics behind computer parts is
an important part of being an educated consumer. Knowing more about computer parts
can help people diagnose problems with their computer and avoidbad dealsat computer
stores. Even thoughthey may seem complicated, it's still important to understandthe
basic functions of computer parts.
The most visible parts of the system may be easy to understand.The monitor
and speakers are obvious enough, and the mouse and keyboard are familiar to all
butthe newest of users. Butthe things insidethe computer itself, often called the
"tower,"are more of a mystery. The motherboard is the hubwhere all information is
managed from various other computer parts. The central processing unit (CPU), is
housed on the motherboard and managesall the exchange of information between
parts. The hard drive is where all the information on the computer is stored. This is
where all the pictures, music, movies and documents are kept when you aren't viewing
them. The memory is different from the hard drive because it is not permanent. The
memory is simply a place for the computer to storeinformation temporarily while it
performs certain functions. Other computer parts include CD and DVD drives which
can read information off CDs and DVDs. Video and sound cards boost the video and
audio quality of the things that the computer displays. (Retirado de http://www.compumart.com/computerparts.html, em 28/05/2011).
A) Quantas partes externas do computador o texto 1 cita? Quais so elas? Escreva-as abaixo em ingls
e em portugus: (0,8 point)..................
............................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................
B) Quantas partes internas do computador o texto 1 cita? Quais so elas? Escreva-as abaixo em ingls
e em portugus: (1,6 point) ..................
....................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................
........................................................
2. Traduza para o portugus as palavras que esto sublinhadas nas frases abaixo retiradas do texto 1:
Knowing more about computer parts can help people diagnose problems with their computer and avoid
The
memory
is
different
from
the
hard
drive
because
it
is
not
permanent.
______________________________
i) The memory is simply a place for the computer to store information temporarily while it performs certain
functions. ______________________________
Texto 2: INPUT/OUTPUT (I/O)
Glossary:
means: meio, recurso
to exchange: trocar
outside: externo, de fora
world: mundo
device: dispositivo, mecanismo
to provide: fornecer
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
d) Quais dispositivos podem ser ao mesmo tempo de entrada e sada de dados citados neste texto? (0,3
point) ..................
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
Texto 3: COMPUTER DATA STORAGE
Glossary:
storage: armazenamento
time:tempo
data: dados, informaes
usually: geralmente
several: vrios
kinds:tipos
each: cada
known: conhecido
main:principal
required: exigido
devices:
dispositivos,
aparelhos
Observe as gravuras a seguir e escreva em ingls o nome de cada uma das 6 partes: (0,6
point) ........................
ATA?
Veja
clicando
aqui:
http://www.techterms.com/definition/ata.
Por sua vez, a Wikipedia traz uma lista de abreviaes usadas na rea da informtica:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_computing_and_IT_abbreviations
J o dicionrio on line Michaelis, traz a traduo em portugus de vrios termos muito
comuns na rea da informtica: http://michaelis.uol.com.br. Voc sabe o que significa em portugus
a
palavra
socket?
Confira
em:
http://michaelis.uol.com.br/moderno/ingles/index.php?
lingua=ingles-portugues&palavra=socket.
Observe as figuras 01 e 02. Como voc traduziria para o portugus as partes de computadores
nelas mostradas? Estas palavras em ingls so muito parecidas com o portugus ou no?
teclado
placa de vdeo
monitor
tela
alto-falante
impressora
escner
fones de ouvido
cmera digital
mouse
disquete
microfone
Leia o texto COMPUTER PARTS e sublinhe as partes do computador que o texto menciona:
COMPUTER PARTS
Glossary:
inside: dentro
to care: importar-se
to avoid: evitar
deals: negcios
even though: ainda
que, mesmo que
to understand:
entender
enough:suficiente
but (1):menos, exceto
but (2):mas
often:frequentemente
hub: centro
to manage:gerenciar
to store:armazenar
to boost: aumentar
Types of Computers
H vrios tipos de computadores: grandes e pequenos, mais modernos, mais antigos,
mais rpidos, mais lentos, etc. Veja a seguir, alguns tipos de computadores e suas representaes
grficas. Escreva o nome de cada computador ao lado das figuras:
Nos computadores h o que denominamos de dispositivos de entrada e sada de dados input/output (I/O) devices e dispositivos de armazenamento de dados storage devices. De quais
dispositivos voc consegue se lembrar? Escreva seus nomes em ingls na tabela a seguir:
INPUT DEVICES
OUTPUT DEVICES
STORAGE DEVICES
e.g.: flash drive
mais
sobre
input,
output
and
storage
http://pt.scribd.com/doc/6455958/Module-5-Input-Output-Storage-Devices
devices
e
em
em
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer
Museu de Arte Moderna; FAB - Fora Area Brasileira); USB - Universal Serial Bus ou Barramento
Universal Serial.
MEANING
ACRONYMS
ISO
WORM
LAN
WAN
SIMM
ATM
ATA
FAQ
LOL
ASAP
HDTV
RAM
ROM
MEANING
Para finalizar esta parte, v para a pgina: http://www.jegsworks.com/Lessons/lesson12/lesson1-1.htm, e aprenda mais sobre vocabulrio bsico relacionado a computadores.
Cognate words
Palavras cognatas (cognate words) so palavras de origem latina ou grega, semelhantes
s do portugus tanto na grafia quanto no significado. So palavras que possuem a mesma origem
ou raiz, tendo portanto, ortografias semelhantes. Por exemplo: garage (no ingls) e garagem (no
portugus). So palavras que tm a mesma raiz e, portanto, ortografias semelhantes sendo que o
significado permanece o mesmo nas duas lnguas. Veja os exemplos de palavras cognatas que
seguem e traduza-as:
comedy
regular
garage
competition
television
radio
music
area
human
emotion
idea
factors
video
different
connect
pages
comic
material
potential
minute
economy
example
persistent
False cognates
Com a evoluo de cada idioma, algumas palavras podem apresentar significados
diferentes para cada pas. Essas palavras so denominadas falsos cognatos (false cognates) ou
falsos amigos (false friends). So palavras normalmente derivadas do latim que aparecem em
diferentes idiomas com ortografia semelhante e que tm, portanto, a mesma origem, mas que ao
longo
dos
tempos
acabaram
adquirindo
significados
diferentes
(extrado
de
agenda
library
support
push
private
policy
office
eventually
hazard
data
convenient
actually
Nominal groups
Grupos Nominais (nominal groups)
mais palavras (nomes - substantivos, adjetivos e advrbios) que possuem uma relao
entre si. Uma das palavras a principal, geralmente um substantivo. As outras palavras,
modificadoras, podem ser adjetivos, advrbios ou outros substantivos. A traduo para o
portugus , geralmente, numa ordem diferente. Exemplos:
Data - noun
Processing- adjective
Department- noun
Access Control
Artificial Intelligence
Backup System
Central Processor
Compact Disk
Control Circuits
Electronic Mail
Hard Disk
Hyper Text
Laser Printer
Mathematic Logarithm
Magnetic Tape
Modern Computer
Operating System
Personal Computer
Web Page
Glossary:
THE MOTHERBOARD
many:muitos
In personal computers, a motherboard is the central printed circuit
to hold: manter, armazenar
board (PCB) in manymodern computers and holdsmanyof the crucial
board:placa
to provide:fornecer
components of the system, providingconnectors for other peripherals.
sometimes: s vezes
The motherboard is sometimesalternatively known as the mainboard,
known:conhecida
as:como
system board, or, on Apple computers, the logic board. It is also
to shorten:ficar mais curto,
sometimes
casually
shortenedto
mobo.
(Retirado
de
encurtar
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motherboard, em 28/05/2011).
Figura 3: A Motherboard
2. Aps ler o texto Motherboard, descubra outros nomes pelos quais a placa-me tambm
conhecida:
4. Algumas palavras no texto foram destacadas e seus significados em portugus colocados ao lado
o glossrio. Observe-as atentamente e procure entend-las atravs do estudo do contexto.
Agora leia o tutorial a seguir que explica como instalar uma placa-me. Leia os passos e
procure entender os procedimentos. Antes, porm, passe as seguintes palavras, termos e grupos
nominais para o portugus. Estes aparecem em negrito ao longo do texto:
plate
metallic plate
several holes
to lay down
to match
to place
clock wise
thumb
index finger
metalized
non-metalized
holes
screwed
How to Install a Motherboard
I) The motherboard is installed in the computer case. Open the case and locate the metallic plate
where the motherboard is screwed to. Normally, this plate can be removed from the case by
unscrewing it from the back end of the case and sliding it. Remove it from the case to install the
motherboard on it. This plate has several holes, as you can see in Figure 4. The motherboard also
has several holes.
plate match the holes on the motherboard, as we show in Figure 5. As you can see by comparing
Figures 4 and 5, the metallic plate has more holes than needed. On the holes on the metallic plate
that matched a hole on the motherboard, install a nut screw. On the holes that don't match a hole on
the motherboard, you will simply leave it away. Sometimes, you will find some holes on the
motherboard that don't match any hole on the plate. That's normal too. In Figure 5, you can see a
hole on the motherboard that doesn't match any hole on the plate.
Figura 5: Matching the holes on the metallic plate with the holes on the motherboard.
III) Together with the case come a lot of small pieces. From these pieces you will need screws and
screw nuts to install the motherboard. Take the screw nuts and install them on all the plate holes that
matched a hole on the motherboard. They can be easily installed by turning them clock wise using
your thumb and index finger.
Figura 6: Screw nuts, screws and washers that come with the case
Lay down the motherboard on the metallic plate again, placing a screw on every motherboard
hole that matches a nut that you've installed. You will find two kinds of holes: metalized and nonmetalized. The metalized holes have a metallic contact around them. Pay attention in Figure 7 to
see the difference between these two kinds of holes.
tutorial
acima
est
incompleto
foi
retirado
de
http://www.hardwaresecrets.com/article/How-to-Install-a-Motherboard/145/2,
em
28/05/2011.
d) A parte IV do texto explica a diferena entre dois tipos de furos. Quais so estes dois tipos? Qual
a diferena entre eles? Explique.
Agora sublinhe no texto as palavras que se repetem, ou seja, que aparecem mais de uma vez.
As palavras que so muito repetidas em um texto, so palavras-chave que, com certeza, so muito
importantes no texto. Saber o significado delas , ento, de extrema importncia para voc entender
um texto.
Glossary
placement: colocao
body:corpo
workstation:estao de
trabalho
to keep:manter
to assume:supor, presumir
either...or:nem...nem
properly:adequadamente,
direito
4. Agora escreva as palavras que esto no quadro, ao lado de seus significados em portugus a
seguir:
body easier following holder chair - each other time either.....or
might - to be able to - to have - to keep - to buy - to help to assume
ajudar: ______________
cadeira:______________
comprar: ______________
corpo: ______________
manter: ______________
nem......nem: ______________
poder: ______________
seguinte: ______________
suporte: ______________
tempo: _____________
ter: ______________
5. Leia o texto novamente, agora com mais ateno. Como voc traduziria o primeiro pargrafo?
6. O que o texto sugere caso voc utilize um computador porttil por muito tempo?
9. Voc diria que o texto possui mais palavras cognatas do que no cognatas? O que isto significa?
2. Agora, leia mais uma vez, mas com mais ateno e responda:
Quais dispositivos podem ser ao mesmo tempo de entrada e sada de dados citados neste texto?
Glossary
means: meio, recurso
to exchange: trocar
outside: externo, de fora
world: mundo
device: dispositivo, mecanismo
to provide: fornecer
Input/output (I/O)
Input/output (I/O) is the meansby which a computer
exchangesinformation with the outsideworld.
Devices that provideinput or output to the computer are called
peripherals. On a typical personal computer, peripherals include input
deviceslike the keyboard and mouse, and output devicessuch as the
display and printer. Hard disk drives, floppy disk drives and optical disc
drives serve as both input and output devices. (Extrado de
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer, em 06/06/2011. Adaptado)
3. Observe a figura 09. Quais so os dispositivos de entrada e sada que ela apresenta?
Agora vamos para o segundo texto desta unidade: Computer data storage. Antes de comear a
l-lo,
procure
descobrir
significado
das
seguintes
palavras
em
portugus
em:
storage: armazenamento
time:tempo
data: dados, informaes
usually: geralmente
several: vrios
kinds:tipos
each: cada
known: conhecido
main:principal
required: exigido
devices:
dispositivos,
aparelhos
Figura 10: Hard disk drives are common storage devices used with
computers.
2. Responda:
The Components
The first step to building a computer is acquiring the parts. A computer is made up of a case,
which houses several internal components, and the external components, including peripherals.
Here is what you need:
Power Supply/PSU
Motherboard/Mainboard
Figura 2 Video c
Figura 3
a keyboard
a mouse
a monitor
speakers
a printer
Check the backpanel template. It's the plate through which the connectors for the keyboard,
mouse, etc show through. The motherboard comes with a replacement template. You may have to
replace the one in the case.
Lay the case on its side.
Place the motherboard in the case. Make sure that all connectors on the backpanel are
properly exposed through the backpanel template.
Fasten with 6 screws.
Be sure that the cooling fan you choose is compatible with your motherboard.
The CPU interface is the plug that your processor goes into. For your processor to
physically fit in the motherboard, the interface must be an exact match to your processor.
A few hints:
Make sure that you use a small, flat blade screwdriver that fits securely in the
attachment bracket.
After you have attached both ends of the bracket, make sure that they are seated
Make sure that the power connector from the fan is close enough to the CPU fan power
power connector on the motherboard. The other connectors from the case are tricky. Look at:
The writing on the connectors at the end of the wires from the case.
Match the wires from the case to the connectors on the motherboard and connect.
Other connectors:
USB - In addition to the USB 2.0 ports provided on the backpanel, most motherboards will
have connectors for additional ports, either on the front of the case or in a panel that fits where a
PCI card might otherwise be connected.
USB 2.0 ports are used for connecting various peripherals such as printers, external hard
drives etc.
USB connectors are also used for connecting iPods, MP3 players, and digital cameras.
Given the growing popularity of USB devices, the more ports your motherboard supports,
the better.
Serial (COM) or parallel (printer) ports - Traditional 9-pin serial and parallel ports are much
less used than they used to be. Many motherboards have dropped the parallel port altogether, while
serial ports, which once numbered as many as four, are now usually solitary. The principal use for
serial ports was once connection to either a mouse or an external modem, both of these devices now
connect via USB.
IEEE firewire - Firewire ports are principally used for connecting Digital Video (DV)
cameras and external hard drives.
The amount of RAM you use has become a simple choice. You just have to choose between
installing one gig or two. One gig of RAM is plenty for most modern operating systems but all of
them will run a little faster with two.
Some specialized applications may profit from more than two gig of RAM. If you are
planning on using such, make sure you check that both your operating system and your
motherboard will accommodate the amount of RAM you have in mind.
The actual type of RAM you will need depends on the motherboard and chipset you get.
Some current motherboards use Double Data Rate (DDR) RAM but the industry is increasingly
turning towards DDR2 RAM. Chipsets that use dual-channel memory require you to use two
identical (in terms of size and speed) sticks of RAM.
Your RAM should usually operate at the same clock speed as the CPUs Front Side Bus
(FSB). Your motherboard may not be able to run RAM slower than the FSB, and using RAM faster
than the FSB will simply have it run at the same speed as your FSB. Buying low-latency RAM will
help with overclocking your FSB, which can be of use to people who want to get more speed from
their system.
Set the jumper on the drive (next to the connector) to select "Master".
7. Place the hard disk in the case and fasten with 4 screws.
Connect the hard disk to the motherboard to IDE slot 1. The motherboard comes with
an IDE connector cable. The motherboard has two sockets (connectors) for IDE devices. They
should be labeled "IDE1" and "IDE2". Connect one of the power supply cables to the hard drive.
Even if you dont plan on watching or copying DVDs on your computer, it is still worth
purchasing a burner for their superior backup capabilities.
Attach the CD-ROM to IDE connector 1 and make the CD-ROM a slave. In this case,
you will set the jumper on the CD-ROM to "Slave" and attach the CD-ROM drive to the same IDE
cable as the hard drive. Or,
Attach the CD-ROM to IDE connector 2 and make the CD-ROM a master. In this case
you will set the jumper on the CD-ROM to "Master" and attach the CD-ROM drive with a separate
cable to IDE slot 2. In order to use this method, you will need a second IDE cable.
Connect one of the power supply cables to the CD-ROM drive.
Install Modem
A modem is needed in order to connect to a dial up internet connection. A modem can also
be used for faxing. Modems can attach to the computer in different ways, and can have built-in
processing or use the computers CPU for processing.
Modems with built-in processing generally include all modems that connect via a standard
serial port, as well as any modems that refer to themselves as Hardware Modems. Software
Modems, or modems that rely on the CPU generally include both Internal and USB modems, or
have packaging that mentions drivers or requiring a specific CPU to work.
Modems that rely on the CPU are often designed specifically for the current version of
Windows only, and will require drivers that are incompatible with future Windows versions, and
may be difficult to upgrade. Software Modems are also very difficult to find drivers for nonWindows operating systems. The manufacturer is unlikely to support the hardware with new drivers
after it is discontinued, forcing you to buy new hardware. Most such modems are internal or
external USB, but this is not always the case.
Modems can be attached via USB, a traditional serial port, or an internal card slot.
Internal and USB modems are more easily autodetected by the operating system and less likely to
have problems with setup. USB and serial port modems often require an extra power supply block.
9. Install Floppy Drive
Though Floppy drives have been made largely obsolete in recent years by devices such as
USB and CD writers, they are often installed anyway because they are sometimes required for
BIOS updates and exchanging small files with older computers. Floppy drives block air movement
with wide cables, and can make computers set to check the drive take longer to start.
One option to overcome the cable problem and to make it easier to install is to buy an
external USB floppy drive. These are potentially a little bit faster and can be plugged into a
different system (such as a laptop without a floppy drive.) However, not all systems support booting
from a USB floppy drive most notably older motherboards.
Peripherals
Anything outside the case that connects to your computer is considered a peripheral. The
keyboard, mouse and monitor are pretty much the minimum you can go with and still be able to
interact with your computer. Your choice in peripherals depends on personal preference and what
you intend to do with your computer.
There are, broadly, two types of mouse: optical and mechanical. Mechanical mice use a
rubber coated ball bearing that contacts the mousepad or other surface and actually rolls around.
Optical mice use a bright light and a sensor to track the movement of the mouse.
Wireless keyboards and mice do not now display the sort of noticeable delay that they once
did, and now also have considerably improved battery life.
Printer and scanner
For most purposes, a mid-range inkjet printer will work well for most people.
You will want to compare the speed of various printers, which is usually listed in ppm
(pages per minute). When choosing a printer, always check how much new cartridges cost.
Display
When choosing a display for your computer, you have two choices: a Cathode Ray Tube
(CRT) screen, or a Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) screen. Both technologies have their advantages
and disadvantages: CRTs have been preferred by gamers and graphic artists, for their generally
superior response times and color gamut, but this is offset by the added size and weight that a large
screen requires. CRTs are still somewhat cheaper in sizes of 17 inches or less but LCDs are
generally less expensive than CRTs in sizes above 17 inches. In sizes above 21 inches LCDs are far
cheaper, and much easier to find. High-end LCD models are generally preferred for tasks which
need higher definition, such as movie editing, and are also popular amongst people with little-to-no
desk space, as they do not need as much space as a similarly-sized CRT.
Speakers
Computer speaker sets come in two general varieties: 2/2.1 sets and surround, theater,
or gaming with four or more speakers, which tend to be somewhat more expensive. Low-end
speakers can suffer from low bass response or inadequate amplification, both of which compromise
sound quality. Powered speakers with separate sub-woofers can sound much better.
(Extrado de
A seguir, voc far um exerccio sobre o que voc acabou de ler. Voc pode responder as
questes em seu caderno de ingls ou na prpria apostila.
1. O manual que voc acabou de ler, diz que, para voc montar um computador, voc
precisa dos seguintes items principais:
Power Supply
Motherboard
Video Card
a keyboard
a mouse
a monitor
speakers
a printer
significam?
backpanel template:
replacement template:
to place:
to replace:
to fasten:
to be sure:
open
look . at
do not force
lower
press .
attach
abaixe
abra
certifique-se, tenha certeza
no force
olhe para
prenda, junta, ligue, fixe
pressione
Para instalar o power supply, a parte 4 do manual diz para voc fazer duas coisas
principalmente:
The power supply has a single, large, rectangular connector. Insert this in the power connector
on the motherboard.
b) Match the wires from the case to the connectors on the motherboard and connect.
The power supply has a single, large, rectangular connector. Insert this in the power connector
on the motherboard.
b) Match the wires from the case to the connectors on the motherboard and connect.
Veja os verbos em destaque na parte 6 do texto. Traduza-os. Em que tempo verbal eles
esto?
Por que motivo Floppy drives ainda so instalados hoje em dia embora tenham sido
substitudos por dispositivos mais modernos como Cds?
Qual o tipo de impressora que funciona para a maioria das pessoas, ou seja, o mais
comum?
THE INTERNET
The Internet is a global network of computers. Every computer that is connected to the
Internet is considered a part of that network. This means even your home computer.
At the top of the tree is the high-capacity backbones. All of these interconnect at
'Network Access Points' (NAPs) at important regions around the world. The entire Internet is based
on agreements between these backbone providers who set in place all the fibre optics lines and other
technical aspects of the Internet.
The Internet has its origins in the creative work of the Advanced Research Projects
Agency (ARPA) of the U.S. government. APRA heavily developed communication systems, and a
computer communications network called ARPANet in 1969. The ARPANet connected up academic
and government institutions. The network was mainly used for accessing files and to send email.
Since 1983, the Internet has accommodated a lot of changes.
The Internet continues to evolve, and is becoming available on a wider selection of
technologies, such as mobile phones, pagers and possibly on televisions in the future.
The actual term "Internet" was finally defined in 1995 by The Federal Networking
Council.
"Internet" refers to the global information system that: (1) is logically linked
together by a globally unique address space based on the Internet Protocol (IP) or its subsequent
extensions/follow-ons; (2)is able to support communications using the Transmission Control
Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) suite or its subsequent extensions/follow-ons, and/or other IPcompatible protocols and (3) provides, uses or makes accessible, either publicly or privately, high
level services layered on the communications and related infrastructure described herein.
The Internet and the World Wide Web are closely related but are not the same.
What's on the Internet besides the Web? E-mail, file transfer, instant messaging
programs, online gaming, and so on.
The most popular actions of the Internet are: to send e-mail, to view web sites, to
download files such as mp3 and images, to chat with people live online, to post messages on
newsgroups and forums, to play multiplayer games online, to watch movies and TV programs, to
chat and view on webcams, and so on (Extrado de http://www.internet-guide.co.uk/what-is-the-internet.html,
em 20 de junho de 2011. Adaptado)
Figura
30:
Circule no texto as palavras que so novas para voc. A seguir, descubra o significado delas em
Agora leia a prximo texto The World Wide Web e sublinhe nele todas as palavras cognatas e
aquelas que so repetidas.
lower than in the past, helping to make high-speed Internet connectivity more affordable.
A handful of companies found success developing business models that helped make the
World Wide Web a more compelling experience. These include airline booking sites, Google's
search engine, etc.
In this new era, social networking websites, such as MySpace and Facebook, which,
though unpopular at first, very rapidly gained acceptance in becoming a major part of youth culture.
5. De acordo com o texto acima, o que significa o termo: The World Wide Web?
6. Traduza o ltimo pargrafo do texto.
7. Agora leia o texto The Web 2.0. Do que trata o texto? O que significa o termo Web 2.0?
THE WEB 2.0
Beginning in 2002, new ideas for sharing and exchanging content ad hoc, such as
Weblogs, rapidly gained acceptance on the Web. This new model for information exchange was
coined Web 2.0.
The Web 2.0 boom saw many new service-oriented startups catering to a new,
democratized Web.
Predictably, as the World Wide Web (WWW) became easier to query, the Web 2.0
attained a higher degree of usability, gained a sense of organization and unsophistication which
ushered in a rapid period of popularization.
New sites such as Wikipedia proved revolutionary in executing the User Edited Content
Concept.
In 2005, three ex-PayPal employees formed a video viewing website called YouTube.
Only a year later, YouTube was proven the most quickly popularized website in history, and even
started a new concept of user-submitted content in major events.
The popularity of YouTube and similar services, combined with the increasing
availability and affordability of high-speed connections has made video content far more common
on all kinds of websites.
This combination of more user-created or edited content, and easy means of sharing
content, has led to many sites with a typical "Web 2.0" feel. They have articles with embedded
video, user-submitted comments below the article, etc.
Continued extension of the WWW has focused on connecting devices to the Internet. As
Internet connectivity becomes ubiquitous, manufacturers have started to leverage the expanded
computing power of their devices to enhance their usability and capability. Through Internet
connectivity, manufacturers are now able to interact with the devices they have sold and shipped to
their customers, and customers are able to interact with the manufacturer (and other providers) to
access new content.
Lending credence to the idea of the ubiquity of the web, Web 2.0 has found a place in
the global English lexicon. On June 10, 2009 the Global Language Monitor declared it to be the
one-millionth English word. (Extrado de http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_World_Wide_Web em 20
de junho de 2011. Adaptado)
8. O texto menciona dois sites que fazem parte deste novo modelo de Web que a Web 2.0. Que
sites so estes?
10. A seguir, leia rapidamente o texto sobre Wikipedia e explique, primeiramente, o que
exatamente a Wikipedia:
WIKIPEDIA
Wikipedia is a free, web-based, collaborative, multilingual encyclopedia project
supported by the non-profit Wikimedia Foundation. Its 18 million articles (over 3.6 million in
English) have been written collaboratively by volunteers around the world, and almost all of its
articles can be edited by anyone with access to the site.
As of May 2011, there were editions of Wikipedia in 281 languages. Wikipedia was
launched in 2001 by Jimmy Wales and Larry Sanger and has become the largest and most popular
general reference work on the Internet.
The name Wikipedia was coined by Larry Sanger and is a portmanteau of wiki (a
technology for creating collaborative websites, from the Hawaiian word wiki, meaning "quick") and
encyclopedia.
and the large presence of unacademic content has been noted several times. Time magazine
acknowledged the accelerating success of online collaboration and interaction by millions of users
around the world and cited Wikipedia as one of several examples of Web 2.0 services, along with
YouTube, MySpace, and Facebook. Some have noted the importance of Wikipedia not only as an
encyclopedic reference but also as a frequently updated news resource because of how quickly
articles about recent events appear.
Although the policies of Wikipedia strongly espouse verifiability and a neutral point of
view, critics of Wikipedia accuse it of systemic bias and inconsistencies and allege that it favors
consensus over credentials in its editorial processes. Its reliability and accuracy are also targeted.
Other criticisms center on its susceptibility to vandalism and the addition of spurious or unverified
information; however, scholarly work suggests that vandalism is generally short-lived. (Extrado
de .http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia em 20 de junho de 2011. Adaptado)
11. Leia mais uma vez rapidamente e sublinhe no texto a parte que explica como o nome
Wikipedia surgiu e quem cunhou este termo.
to screw: _______________
to insert: _______________
to attend: _______________
to press: _______________
to print: _______________
to process: _______________
to work: _______________
to install: _______________
to support : _______________
to push: ______________
to pull: _______________
to open : _______________
to close: _______________
to check: _______________
to remove: _______________
to match: _______________
to turn: _______________
to edit: _______________
to locate: _______________
to move: _______________
data: _______________
design: _______________
report: _______________
library: _______________
support: _______________
case: _______________
speaker: _______________
screen: _______________
printer: _______________
workstation: _______________
library: _______________
hard disk: _______________
body: _______________
plate: _______________
board: _______________
storage: _______________
key: _______________
motherboard: _______________
heatsink: _______________
fan: _______________
3. Leia as descries de diferentes partes do computador abaixo. Qual parte est sendo
descrita em cada item? (10 x 0,2 = 2,0 points)
4. Assinale somente os termos que se referem a "Input Devices": (20 x 0,1 = 2,0 points)
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
) optical mouse
) trackball
) scanner
) flash drive
) monitor
) microphone
) magnetic tape
) light pen
) keyboard
) CD - ROM
) inkjet printer
) floppy disk
) DVD-ROM
) barcode reader
) optical scanner
) laser jet printer
) digitizer pad
) hard disks
) fan
) speakers
Agora, assinale as frases que sejam verdadeiras e corrija as que esto erradas: (10 x 0,1 =
1,0 point)
( ) Keyboard, mouse, monitor, speakers and printers are internal components of a
computer.
( ) The motherboard is a very important part in the computer.
( ) The motherboard has several holes.
( ) The keyboard and the mouse are the most important peripherals.
( ) Printers are storage devices.
( ) If you want connection to the Internet, you need to install a CD-ROM drive.
( ) Floppy drives are not very common in modern computers.
( ) Anything outside the case that connects to your computer is considered a
peripheral.
Traduza as palavras que esto em negrito em cada frase a seguir:(10 x 0,1 = 1,0 point)
When we talk about computers, we have to consider the hardware and the software.
The hardware consists of all the electronic and mechanical parts that make up a
computer system.
The software is the collection of data and programs needed to solve problems with a
computer.
Most people don't know exactly what goes on inside of their computers.
The hard drive is where all the information on the computer is stored.
The memory is different from the hard drive because it is not permanent.
The memory is simply a place for the computer to store information temporarily
while it performs certain functions.
Other computer parts include CD and DVD drives which can read information off
CDs and DVDs.
Agora, para terminar, acompanhe a correo do teste acima com sua professora. Quantos
pontos voc fez? Compare com seus colegas que esto perto de vocs. Os erros foram comuns? De
quais palavras voc mais conseguiu se lembrar com facilidade? De quais palavras voc esqueceu o
significado?
Continue estudando e aplicando estratgias de aprendizagem de novos vocbulos em lngua
inglesa. Use o dicionrio sempre que necessrio ou quando no conseguir identificar os significados
das palavras pelo contexto.
Foi um prazer trabalhar com voc neste semestre. Espero que esta apostila sirva de consulta
para voc em outros anos tambm!
Professora Gisele
REFERNCIAS
ALMEIDA, D. C. Do quadro de giz para a tela do computador: percepes de estudantes universitrios
sobre a utilizao de tarefas online em um curso de ingls instrumental semi-presencial. 2003. 152f.
Dissertao (Mestrado) Faculdade de Letras, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, 2003.
CELANI, M. A. A. When myth and reality meet: reflections on ESP in Brazil. English for Specific
Purposes, v. 27, n 4, p. 41223, 2008.
SITES CONSULTADOS:
MATERIAL
DE
APOIO
DE
INGLS
INSTRUMENTAL.
Disponvel
em:
<
http://www.scribd.com/doc/35259211/APOSTILA-INGLES-INSTRUMENTAL-2008-1-1> Acesso em: 17
jul. 2011.
DICIONRIO ONLINE DE INFORMTICA DicWeb. Disponvel em: <http://www.dicweb.com/#>Acesso
em: 17 jul. 2011.
S LNGUA INGLESA. Disponvel em: <http://www.solinguainglesa.com.br/conteudo/artigo1.php>Acesso
em: 17 jul. 2011.
INGLS TCNICO. Disponvel em: <http://www.scribd.com/doc/38502631/Ingles-Tecnico>Acesso em: 17
jul. 2011.
TECH TERMS DICTIONARY- DICIONRIO DE TERMOS TCNICOS EM INGLS. Disponvel em: <
http://www.techterms.com/> Acesso em: 17 jul. 2011.
CLUBE DO HARDWAR. Disponvel em: <http://www.clubedohardware.com.br/dicionario/all> Acesso em:
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GLOSSRIO DE TERMOS DE INFORMTICA. Disponvel em: <http://quark.fe.up.pt/cgibin/orca/glossario> Acesso em: 17 jul. 2011.
WIKIPEDIA - ENCICLOPDIA ELETRNICA. Disponvel em: <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page>
Acesso em: 17 jul. 2011.
MATERIAL IMPRESSO CONSULTADO:
BRASIL. Ministrio da Educao. Orientaes curriculares nacionais para o Ensino Mdio: PCNEM
Linguagem, Cdigo e suas Tecnologias. Braslia: Ministrio da Educao/Secretaria de Educao Bsica,
2008. v. 1.
FERRARI, M.T.; RUBIN, S. G. Ingls: De Olho no Mundo do Trabalho. Volume nico para o Ensino
Mdio. 2 ed. So Paulo: Scipione, 2008.
CAPRON H. L.; JOHNSON J. A. Introduo Informtica. 8 ed. So Paulo: Pearson, 2004.
BIBLIOGRAFIA SECUNDRIA:
FURSTENAU, E. Novo dicionrio de Termos Tcnicos Ingls/Portugus. Rio de Janeiro. Globo, 2008.
LONGMAN DICIONRIO ESCOLAR INGLS-PORTUGUS E PORTUGUS-INGLS. So Paulo:
Longman, 2009.
MURPHY, Raymond. Grammar in Use. England: Cambridge University Press, 1996.
OLIVEIRA, S.R. de F. Estratgias de leitura para ingls instrumental. Braslia: Ed. da UnB, 1994.
OXFORD ESCOLAR PARA ESTUDANTES BRASILEIROS DE INGLS. So Paulo: Oxford University
Press, 2009.
SAWAYA, M. R. Dicionrio de Informtica e Internet Ingls/Portugus. So Paulo: NOBEL, 2009\\