Frame and Grid Model

The structure represented by rod or

bar type elements

Does not model the cross-section

dimensions
Suitable for skeletal structures
Sometimes surface type structures
can also be represented by frame
model
The simplest and easiest model to
construct, analyze and interpret

Can be in 2D or in 3D space

2D Frame

3D Frame
2D Grid

Membrane Model

Ignore bending stiffness

Tension / Compression
In- plane Shear
For in plane loads
Principle Stresses
suitable for very thin
structures / members
Thin Walled Shells,
Specially Suitable for Ferro
Cement Structure

General Plate-Shell Model

Combined Membrane and Plate
Suitable for general application to
surface structures
Suitable for curved structures
Thick shell and thin shell
implementations available
Membrane thickness and plate
thickness can be specified
separately
Numerous results generated.
Difficult to design the section for
combined actions

Shear Wall Design Meshing

Shell Deformations:
Three types of deformation that a single shell element
could experience
A single shell element in the program captures shear
and axial deformations well.

But a single shell element is unable to capture bending

deformation.

Connecting Walls to Slab

Zipper

In general the mesh in the slab

should match with mesh in the
wall to establish connection

Some software automatically

establishes connectivity by
using constraints or Zipper
elements

Shear Wall & Frame

Shear Wall Behavior

Frame Behavior

Column Beam Connection

Scale factor for Response Spectrum

The design spectrum of IS:1893 is actually the MCE(Maximum
considered EQ)-level spectrum which must be reduced by dividing this
value by a factor of 2R
SF = I*g/(2R)
R is the response reduction factor
I is the importance factor
g is the gravitation force i.e 9.81m/s
Note:-Increase the scale factor of the first run such that the resultant
base shear matches the code specification.

Similar Stories Drop Down List

One Story option. An object drawn in plan occurs only at the level
where it is drawn. An assignment made in a plan view applies only to
the object(s) actually selected.
Similar Stories option. An object drawn in plan or 3D view will occur
at all stories that are designated as similar to it, if it is designated as a
master story.
All Stories option. An object drawn in plan occurs at all story levels,
except the base (or support) level. An assignment made to an object
in a plan view also occurs at all story levels, except the base level,

Modeling
1.Import DXF file of architectural grid
To ensure that the architectural grid is appropriately imported in ETABS, make sure that the DXF
layer names are consistent with the architectural grid you need to import.

2.Import DXF floor plan

To ensure an accurate geometric modelling in ETABS, it is recommended that the structural floor
plan is used as far as possible. Make sure that appropriate layers are selected to be imported.
Draw diagonal lines for columns
Draw centerlines of transfer / lateral beams

Draw centerlines for shear walls

Draw X-Y axis to represent origin in ETABS (geometric center of floor)
Save drawings as *.DXF file
Import *.DXF file in ETABS as outlines above

3.Define the Grid system

Draw menu objects

Edit Options

Define Menu

Assign Menu

Display Menu

Design Menu

Detailing Menu

Basic load cases

Dead load (DL)- Self weight + Floor finish
Live load (LL)
Earthquake load in X-direction (EQX)
Earthquake load in Y-direction (EQY)

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Load combination(Factored)
S.No

Load
case

Load combination

Com1

1.5 (DL+LL)

Com2

1.2(DL+LL+EQX)

Com3

1.2(DL+LL-EQX)

Com4

1.2(DL+LL+EQY)

Com5

1.2(DL+LL-EQY)

Com6

1.5(DL+EQX)

Com7

1.5(DL-EQX)

Com8

1.5(DL+EQY)

Com9

1.5(DL-EQY)

10

Com10

0.9DL+1.5EQX

11

Com11

0.9DL-1.5EQX

12

Com12

0.9DL+1.5EQY

13

Com13

0.9DL-1.5EQY

22

Load combination(UnFactored)
S.No

Load
case

Load combination

FT1

DL+LL

FT2

DL+LL+EQX

FT3

DL+LL+EQY

FT4

DL+LL-EQX

FT5

DL+LL-EQY

FT6

DL+EQX

FT7

DL-EQX

FT8

DL+EQY

FT9

DL-EQY

23

THANK
YOU
24