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Case 4:13-cv-04100-LLP Document 46 Filed 03/18/15 Page 2 of 23 PageID #: 743

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Case 4:13-cv-04100-LLP Document 46 Filed 03/18/15 Page 3 of 23 PageID #: 744

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Case 4:13-cv-04100-LLP Document 46 Filed 03/18/15 Page 4 of 23 PageID #: 745

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Case 4:13-cv-04100-LLP Document 46 Filed 03/18/15 Page 5 of 23 PageID #: 746

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G;CBA9D!;=N!B89AC!>?F=D9<!@C?H!GF:<A><I!>?HH9=BA=S!?=!B8AD!>;D9,!!0=!B89!9E9=B!
B8;B!5C;8;H!AD!C9BCA9NX!B89!JFCI!G??<!PA<<!:9!B;A=B9NX!;=N!5C;8;H!PA<<!DF@@9C!
ACC9G;C;:<9!8;CH,!!"89!(ACDB!#H9=NH9=B!N?9D=MB!GC?B9>B!N9@;H;B?CI!DG99>8X!
D?!B89!/9DG?=N9=BMD!CAS8BD!;C9!=?B!EA?<;B9N!:I!B89!A=JF=>BA?=,!!"89!DG99>8!AD!
9;DA<I!D8?P=!B?!:9!N9@;H;B?CIX!DA=>9!5C;8;H!P;D!;>QFABB9N!?@!^C9H9NAB;B9N!
1FCN9Cf!B89C9!P;D!=?!9EAN9=>9!;B!BCA;<!B8;B!#QF;D8!P;D!C;G9Nf!;=N!B89C9!AD!
=?B8A=S! A=! ;=I! GF:<A>! C9>?CN! DFSS9DBA=S! B8;B! 5C;8;H! 8;D! ;=I! L=?P<9NS9!
;:?FB! /;I! /?:A=D?=MD! N9;B8,! ! a8;B9E9C! ;>>FC;B9! A=@?CH;BA?=! 1C,! K;>L<9I!
H;I! 8;E9! A=><FN9N! A=! B89D9! B;<LD! AD! ?E9CD8;N?P9N! :I! B89D9! B8C99! <A9D,! ! 1C,!
K;>L<9IMD! DG9;LA=S! 9E9=BD! ;<B9C! B89! 31'1-3% C-,! :I! >8;=SA=S! B89! GF:<A>MD!
G9C>9GBA?=! ?@! 1C,! 5C;8;H,! ! ! 0BMD! =?B! A=! B89! GF:<A>! A=B9C9DB! @?C! B89! #BB?C=9I!
59=9C;<!B?!G?<ABA>A\9!B8AD!>;D9!;D!89!8;DX!P8A>8!89!N?9D!@?C!8AD!?P=!:9=9@AB,!
!

0=! B89! ;<B9C=;BAE9X! A@! B89! DB;B9H9=BD! P9C9! =?B! N9@;H;B?CIX! B89! )?FCB!

P?F<N! =99N! B?! :;<;=>9! 1C,! K;>L<9IMD! (ACDB! #H9=NH9=B! CAS8B! ;S;A=DB! 1C,!
5C;8;HMD!+A]B8!#H9=NH9=B!CAS8B!B?!;!@;AC!BCA;<X!;=N!B89!)?FCBMD!?P=!A=B9C9DB!
A=! B89! A=B9SCABI! ?@! B89! <9S;<! GC?>9DD,! ! "89! )?FCB! >?F<N! 8?<N! B8;B! B89C9! AD! ;!
DF:DB;=BA;<! <AL<A8??N! B8;B! B89! GF:<A>ABI! H;I! H;B9CA;<<I! GC9JFNA>9! ;=!

Case 4:13-cv-04100-LLP Document 46 Filed 03/18/15 Page 9 of 23 PageID #: 750

;NJFNA>;BAE9! GC?>99NA=S,! ! "89! GC?G?D9N! ?CN9C! AD! =;CC?P<I! B;A<?C9NX! A=! B8;B! AB!
?=<I!C9DBCA>BD!B89!G;CBA9D!;=N!B89AC!>?F=D9<X!:FB!=?B!B89!GC9DD,!!!
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!92& :0;0<=2& >?& @<32A2131& ?0B>A1& 392& @1140<=2& >?& 0& CA2;@D@<0AE&
@<F4<=3@><8&
a89B89C! ;! GC9<AHA=;CI! A=JF=>BA?=! D8?F<N! ADDF9! A=E?<E9D! >?=DAN9C;BA?=!

?@!Z2[!B89!B8C9;B!?@!ACC9G;C;:<9!8;CH!B?!B89!G<;A=BA@@f!Z3[!B89!DB;B9!?@!:;<;=>9!
:9BP99=!DF>8!8;CH!;=N!B89!A=JFCI!B8;B!SC;=BA=S!B89!A=JF=>BA?=!PA<<!A=@<A>B!?=!
?B89C!G;CBA9Df!ZV[!B89!GC?:;:A<ABI!B8;B!G<;A=BA@@!PA<<!DF>>99N!?=!B89!H9CABDf!;=N!
Z6[! B89! GF:<A>! A=B9C9DB,! ! R;B;G8;D9! +IDB9HDX! 0=>,! E,! )! %! +IDB9HDX! 0=>,X! Y6U!
(,3N!2UTX!22V!ZWB8!)AC,!2TW2[!!!
!

5C;8;H!PA<<!DF@@9C!ACC9G;C;:<9!8;CH!:9>;FD9!B89!GF:<A>X!;=N!G?B9=BA;<!

JFCI! G??<X! AD! :9A=S! B?<N! :I! B89! +B;B9! #BB?C=9I! 59=9C;<! B8;B! 5C;8;H! eLA<<9Ne!
#==;!1;9!#QF;D8f!B8;B!5C;8;H!C;G9N!#==;!1;9!#QF;D8f!;=N!B8;B!5C;8;H!
AD! L=?P<9NS9;:<9! ;:?FB! ;=?B89C! ;<<9S9N! HFCN9Cf! ;<<! ?@! P8A>8! ;C9! @;<D9! ;=N!
N9@;H;B?CI!;>>FD;BA?=D,!!#<B8?FS8!B89!/9DG?=N;=B!AD!>?CC9>B!B8;B!=?!JFCI!PA<<!
89;C! B8AD! 8;:9;D! >?CGFD! G9BABA?=X! D8?F<N! B89! G9BABA?=! :9! DF>>9DD@F<X! 5C;8;H!
D99LD! ;! =9P! BCA;<! ;D! ;=! ;<B9C=;BAE9! C9H9NI,! ! +99! 19H?C;=NFH! ?@! %;P! A=!
+FGG?CB!?@!^9BABA?=9CMD!#GG<A>;BA?=!@?C!B89!aCAB!?@!.;:9;D!)?CGFD,!!/,!7!;B!36_
3T! Ze`,! ! 5C;8;H! RAN=MB! 59B! ;! (;AC! "CA;<e[,! ! ^C?>9NFC;<<IX! B8AD!>?F<N! ?>>FC! A@!
B8AD! )?FCB! SC;=B9N! 5C;8;HMD! 8;:9;D! >?CGFD! G9BABA?=! ?=! B89! :;DAD! B8;B!

Case 4:13-cv-04100-LLP Document 46 Filed 03/18/15 Page 10 of 23 PageID #: 751

5C;8;H! NAN=MB! S9B! ;! @;AC! BCA;<,6! ! "89! +B;B9! P?F<N! B89=! GC9DFH;:<I! D99L! B?!
C9BCI!5C;8;H,!
!

1C,!5C;8;HMD!C9GFB;BA?=!;H?=S!B89!G??<!?@!G?B9=BA;<!JFC?CD!AD!8;CH9N!

:I! 1C,! K;>L<9IMD! DG9;LA=S! B?FC,! ! ! #! H?=9I! N;H;S9D! ;P;CN! A=! ;! N9@;H;BA?=!
;>BA?=! P?F<N! =?B! :9! ;N9QF;B9X! DA=>9! AB! P?F<N! =?B! 89<G! GC?E9! 5C;8;HMD!
A==?>9=>9f!B89C9@?C9!B89!8;CH!P?F<N!:9!ACC9G;C;:<9,!!+99!.FDB<9C!1;S;\A=9!E,!
(;<P9<<X!6W7!-,+,!6YX!73!Z2TWW[!Z=?BA=S!N9@;H;B?CI!@;<D98??ND!;C9!GF=AD8;:<9!
because they can cause damage to an individual's reputation that cannot
easily be repaired by counterspeech, however persuasive or effective).!
!

"89! /9DG?=N9=B! PA<<! A=>FC! =?! 8;CH! A@! B89! A=JF=>BA?=! AD! ADDF9N,! ! "89!

/9DG?=N;=B! ;CSF9D! B8;B! 1C,! K;>L<9IMD! (ACDB! #H9=NH9=B! CAS8BD! PA<<! :9!
A=@CA=S9N!:I!B89!A=JF=>BA?=,!!.?P9E9CX!N9@;H;B?CI!DG99>8!AD!=?B!GC?B9>B9N!:I!
B89!(ACDB!#H9=NH9=BX!D?!B8AD!;CSFH9=B!8;D!=?!H9CAB,!5C;8;H!>;=!D8?P!B8;B!
A@! 89! DF9N! 1C,! K;>L<9I! @?C! N9@;H;BA?=X! 89! P?F<N! GC?:;:<I! DF>>99N! ?=! B89!
H9CABD,!!!"8AD!AD!;CSF9N!A=@C;!A=!b!$X!PAB8!C9S;CN!B?!1C,!K;>L<9IMD!DB;B9H9=BD!
B8;B! 5C;8;H! eLA<<9Ne! 1D,! #QF;D8X! B8;B! 89!C;G9N! 89CX! ;=N! B8;B! L=?PD!;:?FB!
/;I!/?:A=D?=MD!N9;B8,!
!

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7UgX!B8?FS8,!!R;B;G8;D9X!Y6U!(,3N!;B!22V,!!/;B89CX!B89!QF9DBA?=!AD!P89B89C!
B89!:;<;=>9!?@!9QFABA9D!D?!@;E?CD!B89!H?E;=B!B8;B!JFDBA>9!C9QFAC9D!B89!>?FCB!B?!

6!

5C;8;HMD! DBC?=S9DB! ;CSFH9=BX! 8?P9E9CX! AD! B8;B! B89! )AC>FAB! )?FCB! <;>L9N!
JFCADNA>BA?=,! ! +8?F<N! B8AD! )?FCB! SC;=B! 5C;8;HMD! 8;:9;D! >?CGFD! G9BABA?=! ?=!
B8;B! :;DADX! B89=! B89C9! P?F<N! ;<D?! :9! =?! JFCADNA>BA?=! @?C! ;! =9P! BCA;<X! ;=N!
5C;8;H!P?F<N!8;E9!B?!:9!C9<9;D9N,!!!
6

Case 4:13-cv-04100-LLP Document 46 Filed 03/18/15 Page 11 of 23 PageID #: 752

A=B9CE9=9! B?! GC9D9CE9! B89! DB;BFD! QF?! F=BA<! B89! H9CABD! ;C9! N9B9CHA=9N,! ! 0N,!!
.9C9X! AB! AD! GC?:;:<9! B8;B! 1C,! K;>L<9IMD! DB;B9H9=BD! ;C9! N9@;H;B?CIX! ;=N! B89!
DB;BFD!QF?!AD!B8;B!5C;8;H!P;D!>?=EA>B9N!?@!@9<?=I!HFCN9Cf!=?B!GC9H9NAB;B9N!
HFCN9CX! C;G9X! ;=N! L=?P<9NS9! ?@! ;=?B89C! HFCN9C,! ! "?! G?CBC;I! 5C;8;HMD!
>?=EA>BA?=!;D!B89D9!B8A=SD!>8;=S9D!B89!DB;BFD!QF?X!A=!B89!9I9D!?@!B89!GF:<A>!?@!
+?FB8!R;L?B;X!P8?!;C9!5C;8;HMD!G?B9=BA;<!JFCI!G??<,!
!

(A=;<<IX!1C,!K;>L<9IMD!DB;B9H9=BD!;C9!=?B!A=!B89!GF:<A>!A=B9C9DBX! A=!B89!

A=B9C9DB! ?@! B89! +B;B9! ?@! +?FB8! R;L?B;X! ?C! A=! B89! A=B9C9DB! ?@! JFDBA>9,! ! "89!
EASA<;=>9! ?@! BCA;<! >?FCBD! ;S;A=DB! B89! GC9JFNA>A;<! 9@@9>BD! ?@! GC9BCA;<! GF:<A>ABI!
GC?B9>BD!B89!A=B9C9DB!?@!B89!GF:<A>!;=N!B89!DB;B9!A=!B89!@;AC!;NHA=ADBC;BA?=!?@!
>CAHA=;<! JFDBA>9,! ! +99! 0=! C9! 1?CCADD9IX! 2YW! (,VN! 2V6X! 2VW! Z6B8! )AC,2TTT[!
Z=?BA=S!B8;B!<?>;<!CF<9D!?@!GC?@9DDA?=;<!>?=NF>B!<AHABA=S!<;PI9CDM!9]BC;JFNA>A;<!
comments further the important governmental interest of protecting both
the accused's and the public's right to a fair trial). Mr. Jackley's statements
;C9!:9A=S!H;N9!?FBDAN9!?@!>?FCBX!@?C!B89!GFCG?D9!?@!9=8;=>A=S!8AD!?P=!>;C99CX!
;=N!?@!8;CHA=S!5C;8;HMD!C9GFB;BA?=! ;H?=S!B89!G?B9=BA;<!JFCI!G??<X!;=N!;C9!
=?B!A=!B89!GF:<A>!A=B9C9DB,!
#8&

5A8&G0=H;2EI1&13032D2<31&0A2&?0;12&0<J&J2?0D03>AE8&

(C99N?H!?@!DG99>8!8;D!ABD!<AHABDf!AB!N?9D!=?B!9H:C;>9!>9CB;A=!>;B9S?CA9D!

?@!DG99>8X!A=><FNA=S!N9@;H;BA?=,!!#D8>C?@B!E,!(C99!+G99>8!)?;<ABA?=X!7V7!-,+,!
3V6X!367_36Y!Z3UU3[f!3W2!);C9!)?HHABB99!E,!/?=!#C=9D?=X!YVW!(,VN!Y32X!YVV!
ZWB8! )AC,! 3U22[,! ! -=<AL9! H;=I! >;D9D! A=! P8A>8! GC?D9>FB?CD! 8;E9! :99=! 89<N! B?!

Case 4:13-cv-04100-LLP Document 46 Filed 03/18/15 Page 12 of 23 PageID #: 753

8;E9! ;:D?<FB9! AHHF=ABI! @C?H! <A;:A<ABI! @?C! N9@;H;BA?=X! D99! 0H:<9C! E,!
^;>8BH;=X!636!-,+,!6UT!Z2TOY[X!1C,!K;>L<9IMD!N9@;H;B?CI!DB;B9H9=BD!;C9!=?B!
;=! eA=B9SC;<! G;CB! ?@! B89! JFNA>A;<! GC?>9DDXe! 636! -,+,! ;B! 62OX! ;=N! ;C9! =?B!
GCAEA<9S9N!A=!;=I!P;I,!!^C?D9>FB?CD!;C9!=?B!9=BAB<9N!B?!;:D?<FB9!AHHF=ABI!@?C!
investigative or administrative acts.!!$FC=D!E,!/99NX!7UU!-,+,!6OWX!6WV!=!3!
Z2TT2[,!! 'FB_?@_>?FCB! DB;B9H9=BD!H;N9! :I!;! GC?D9>FB?C! ;B! ;! GC9DD! >?=@9C9=>9!
;C9! ;NHA=ADBC;BAE9! ;>BD! =?B! 9=BAB<9N! B?! ;:D?<FB9! AHHF=ABI,! ! $F>L<9I! E,!
(AB\DAHH?=DX! 7UT! -,+,! 37TX! 3OOOW! Z2TTV[! ! "89! :FCN9=! AD! ?=! B89! ?@@A>A;<!
D99LA=S! GC?B9>BA?=! B?! GC?E9! B8;B! ;:D?<FB9! AHHF=ABI! AD! JFDBA@A9N,! ! $FC=DX! 7UU!
-,+,!;B!6WY,!
!

5C;8;H! =99N! =?B! GC?E9! ;>BF;<! H;<A>9! A=! ?CN9C! B?! DFDB;A=! ;! ><;AH! @?C!

N9@;H;BA?=!A=!+?FB8!R;L?B;,!!.9!=99N!?=<I!D8?P!;!C9>L<9DD!NADC9S;CN!@?C!B89!
BCFB8,!!K;=L<?P!E,!`ALA=S!^C9DDX!67T!*,a,3N!627X!62T!Z+,R,!2TTU[,!!/9>L<9DD!
NADC9S;CN! @?C! B89! BCFB8! AD! A=>;G;:<9! ?@! N9@A=ABA?=! PAB8A=! ?=9! >?=>AD9!
DB;B9H9=B,! 0N. [R]eckless conduct is not measured by whether a reasonably
GCFN9=B! H;=! P?F<N! 8;E9! GF:<AD89NX! ?C! P?F<N! 8;E9! A=E9DBAS;B9N! :9@?C9!
publishing. +B,! #H;=B! E,!"8?HGD?=, 390 U.S. 727, 731 (1968). There must
:9! DF@@A>A9=B! 9EAN9=>9! B?! G9CHAB! B89! >?=><FDA?=! B8;B! B89! N9@9=N;=B! A=! @;>B!
9=B9CB;A=9N! D9CA?FD! N?F:BD! ;D! B?! B89! BCFB8! ?@! 8AD! GF:<A>;BA?=, 0N,! "89!
9EAN9=>9!HFDB!G9CHAB!B89!>?=><FDA?=!B8;B!B89!N9@9=N;=B!;>BF;<<I!8;N!;!8AS8!
N9SC99! ?@! ;P;C9=9DD! ?@! GC?:;:<9! @;<DABI,! ! 5;CCAD?=! E,! %?FADA;=;X! VOT! -,+,! Y6!
Z2TY6[,! 0=! ;NNABA?=X! B89! C9G?CBA=S! ?@! ;! B8ACN! G;CBIMD! ;<<9S;BA?=D! A=E?<E9D!

Case 4:13-cv-04100-LLP Document 46 Filed 03/18/15 Page 13 of 23 PageID #: 754

recklessness when B89C9! ;C9! ?:EA?FD! C9;D?=D! B?! N?F:B! B89! E9C;>ABI! ?@! B89!
informant or the accuracy of his reports. (footnote omitted). +B,!#H;=BX!VTU!
-,+,!;B!OV3,!!0B!AD!9;DI!B?!N9H?=DBC;B9!B89!@;<DABI!?@!1C,!K;>L<9IMD!;<<9S;BA?=DX!
;=N! NADGC?E9! 8AD! ;CSFH9=B! B8;B! B89I! ;C9! :;D9N! ?=! B89! GF:<A>! C9>?CN,! ! .AD!
C9>L<9DD! NADC9S;CN! @?C! B89! BCFB8! AD! N9H?=DBC;B9N! :I! 8AD! A=E?<E9H9=B! A=! B89!
>CAHA=;<!GC?D9>FBA?=X!;=N!:I!B89!@;>B!B8;B!89!8;D!>?=BA=F9N!H;LA=S!B89!D;H9!
DB;B9H9=BD!9E9=!;@B9C!:9A=S!B?<N!B89I!P9C9!N9@;H;B?CI,!
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1C,! K;>L<9IMD!;==?F=>9H9=B! @?C! 8AD! 1;C>8! 3UX! 3U26! 9E9=B! DB;B9D!B8;B!

e^C?D9>FB?CD! D;I! 5C;8;H! ;=N! BP?! ?B89C! #01! ;>BAEADBDX! #C<?! %??LA=S! )<?FN!
;=N!"89N;!)<;CL9X!LA<<9N!#QF;D8,,,e!!+99!&]8A:AB!2!;B!2,!!0=!8AD!<9BB9C!B?!^;F<!
a?<@X!N;B9N!1;C>8!V2X!3U26X!1C,!K;>L<9I!DB;B9Nh!e#D!I?F!;C9!P9<<!;P;C9X!1C,!
5C;8;H! P;D! >?=EA>B9N! :I! ;! ^9==A=SB?=! )?F=BI! JFCI! @?C! (ACDB! R9SC99!
1FCN9C,e!!+99!&]8A:AB!6,!!$?B8!?@!B89D9!DB;B9H9=BD!;C9!@;<D9,!
"89! KFCI! ;>QFABB9N! 5C;8;H! ?@! ^C9H9NAB;B9N! 1FCN9C,! ! +99! &]8A:AB! 7!
;BB;>89N! 89C9B?X! B89! KFCI! `9CNA>B! (?CH! A=! 5C;8;HMD! >CAHA=;<! >;D9! A=! +?FB8!
R;L?B;! )AC>FAB! )?FCBX! )/0! UT_VT7VX! N;B9N! R9>9H:9C! 2UX! 3U2U,! ! +A]! P99LD!
<;B9CX!#DDADB;=B!#BB?C=9I!59=9C;<!/?=!'DP;<N!@A<9N!;!RADHADD;<!?@!)?F=B!3!?@!
B89!0=NA>BH9=B!Z^C9H9NAB;B9N!1FCN9C[,!!+99!&]8A:AB!YX!;BB;>89N!89C9B?,!!!
1C,!K;>L<9I!HADC9GC9D9=BD!B89!DB;B9H9=BD!;D!C9@9CCA=S!B?!eHFCN9CA=Se!
1D,! #QF;D8X! DF>8! B8;B! B89I! P?F<N! 8;E9! C9@9CC9N! B?! B89! @9<?=I! HFCN9C! CF<9,!!
.?P9E9CX! :?B8! BAH9DX! 1C,! K;>L<9I! FD9N! B89! P?CN! eLA<<9NXe! =?B! eHFCN9C9N,e!!

Case 4:13-cv-04100-LLP Document 46 Filed 03/18/15 Page 14 of 23 PageID #: 755

"89!JFCI!AHG?D9N! B89! @9<?=I! HFCN9C! CF<9! ;@B9C! @A=NA=S! 5C;8;H!SFA<BI! ?@!B89!

>CAH9!?@!LAN=;GGA=S,!!0N,!!"8AD!AD!N9@;H;B?CI!:9>;FD9!GC9H9NAB;B9N!HFCN9C!AD!
;!H?C9!D9CA?FD!?@@9=D9!B8;=!@9<?=I!HFCN9C,!!1FCN9C!A=!B89!(ACDB!R9SC99!AD!;!
)<;DD!#!(9<?=I,!!+R)%!33_2Y_3,!!5C;8;H!P;D!@?F=N!SFA<BI!?@!@9<?=I!HFCN9C!
F=N9C! +R)%! 33_2Y_TX! P8A>8! >?=DAN9C9N! B89! ?@@9=D9! B?! :9! +9>?=N! R9SC99!
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10

Case 4:13-cv-04100-LLP Document 46 Filed 03/18/15 Page 15 of 23 PageID #: 756

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11

Case 4:13-cv-04100-LLP Document 46 Filed 03/18/15 Page 16 of 23 PageID #: 757

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B8;B!D89!HAS8B!8;E9!:99=!C;G9N,!!
12

Case 4:13-cv-04100-LLP Document 46 Filed 03/18/15 Page 17 of 23 PageID #: 758

B9DBAH?=I! B8;B! D;ID! @C?H! B8;B! C9G?CB! 0! >;==?B! C9=N9C! ;=! ?GA=A?=!
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GC?B9>BX! AB! D8?F<N! @A=N! B89! CAS8B! B?! :9! ?FBP9AS89N! :I! 5C;8;HMD! +A]B8!

13

Case 4:13-cv-04100-LLP Document 46 Filed 03/18/15 Page 18 of 23 PageID #: 759

#H9=NH9=B! CAS8B! B?! ;! @;AC! BCA;<,! ! Few, if any, interests under the
)?=DBABFBA?=!;C9!H?C9!@undamental than the right to a fair trial by impartial
JFC?CDX! ;=N! ;=! ?FB>?H9! ;@@9>B9N! :I! 9]BC;JFNA>A;<! DB;B9H9=BD! P?F<N! EA?<;B9!
that fundamental right. 59=BA<9!E,!+B;B9!$;C!?@!*9E;N;X!7U2!-,+,!2UVUX!222!
+,)B,! 3O3UX! 3O67! Z2TT2[,O! #>>?CNA=S<IX! BCA;<! >?FCts have an affirmative
constitutional duty to minimize the effects of prejudicial pretrial publicity.
5;==9BB!)?,!E,!R9^;DQF;<9X!66V!-,+,!VYWX!TT!+,)B,!3WTWX!3TU6!Z2TOT[,W!
!

0=! +89GG;CN! E,! 1;]P9<<X! VW6! -,+,! VVVX! WY! +,)B,! 27UO! Z2TYY[X! B89!

+FGC9H9! )?FCB! =?Bed that due process requires that the accused receive a
trial by an impartial jury free from outside influences and that [n]either
GC?D9>FB?CDX! >?F=D9<! @?C! N9@9=D9X! B89! ;>>FD9NX! PAB=9DD9DX! >?FCB! DB;@@! =?C!
9=@?C>9H9=B!?@@A>9CD!,,,!D8?F<N!:9!G9CHABB9N!B?!frustrate its function. 0N,!!"9=!
I9;CD! <;B9CX! A=! *9:C;DL;! ^C9DD! #DD?>A;BA?=! E,! +BF;CBX! 63O! -,+,! 7VTX! TY! +,)B,!
3OT2X! 3WUU3WU2! Z2TOY[X! B89! +FGC9H9! )?FCB! 9=N?CD9N! +89GG;CNMD! GC?G?D;<!

O! +99! $CANS9D! E,! );<A@?C=A;,

314 U.S. 252, 62 S.Ct. 190, 197 (1941) (Legal

BCA;<D! ;C9! =?B! <AL9! 9<9>BA?=DX! B?! :9! P?=! B8C?FS8! B89! FD9! ?@! B89! H99BA=S_8;<<X!
the radio, and the newspaper.); ^;BB9CD?=!E,!)?<?C;N?X!3U7!-,+,!676X!3O!+,)B,!
556, 558 (1907) (Holmes, J.) (The theory of our system is that the
>?=><FDA?=D! B?! :9! C9;>89N! A=! ;! >;D9! PA<<! :9! A=NF>9N! ?=<I! :I! 9EAN9=>9! ;=N!
;CSFH9=B!A=!?G9=!>?FCBX!;=N!=?B!:I!;=I!?FBDAN9!A=@<F9=>9X!P89B89C!?@!GCAE;B9!
talk or public print.).!
W! +99! )8;=N<9C! E,! (<?CAN;, 449 U.S. 560, 101 S.Ct. 802, 809 (1981) (Trial
>?FCBD! HFDB! :9! 9DG9>A;<<I! EASA<;=B! B?! SF;CN! ;S;A=DB! ;=I! AHG;ACH9=B! ?@! B89!
N9@9=N;=BMD!CAS8B!B?!;!E9CNA>B!:;D9N!D?<9<I!FG?=!B89!9EAN9=>9!;=N!B89!C9<9E;=B!
law.); &DB9D! E,! "9];D, 381 U.S. 532, 85 S.Ct. 1628, 1632 (1965) (We have
;<P;ID!89<N!B8;B!B89!;BH?DG89C9!9DD9=BA;<!B?!B89!GC9D9CE;BA?=!?@!;!@;AC!BCA;<!_!
B89! H?DB! @F=N;H9=B;<! ?@! ;<<! @C99N?HD! _! HFDB! :9! H;A=B;A=9N! ;B! all costs.);
^9==9L;HG! E,! (<?CAN;X! V3W! -,+,! VV2X! YY! +,)B,! 2U3TX! 2U6O! Z2T6Y[!!
(Frankfurter, J., concurring) (In securing freedom of speech, the
Constitution hardly meant to create the right to influence judges or juries.).!
14

Case 4:13-cv-04100-LLP Document 46 Filed 03/18/15 Page 19 of 23 PageID #: 760

B8;B! BCA;<! >?FCBD! 9HG<?I! H9B8?ND! D8?CB! ?@! GCA?C! C9DBC;A=BD! ?=! B89! GC9DDX T!
A=><FNA=S! B89! GC?8A:ABA?=! ?@! 9]BC;JFNA>A;<! >?HH9=BD! :I! BCA;<! G;CBA>AG;=BDX! A=!
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)?FCB! CF<9! GC?8A:ABA=S! ;=I! ;BB?C=9I! @C?H! H;LA=S! 9]BC;JFNA>A;<! >?HH9=BD! B?!
the media that the attorney knew or should have known would have a
substantial likelihood of materially prejudicing an adjudicative proceeding.!
222!+,)B,!;B!3O3V,!!':D9CEA=S!B8;B!A=!9;C<A9C!?GA=A?=D!B89!>ourt had expressly
>?=B9HG<;B9N!B8;B!B89!DG99>8!?@!B8?D9!G;CBA>AG;BA=S!:9@?C9!B89!>?FCBD!>?F<N!:9!
limited, a majority of the 59=BA<9!>?FCB!DB;B9N!B8;B!GCA?C!GC9>9N9=BX!A=><FNA=S!
+89GG;CN, ratheC!G<;A=<I!A=NA>;B9kNl!B8;B!B89!DG99>8!?@!<;PI9CD!C9GC9D9=BA=S!
><A9=BD!A=!G9=NA=S!>;D9D!H;I!:9!C9SF<;B9N!F=N9C!;!<9DD!N9H;=NA=S!DB;=N;CN!
B8;=! B8;B! 9DB;:<AD89N! @?C! C9SF<;BA?=! ?@! B89! GC9DD! A=! *9:C;DL;! ^C9DD. 0N,! ;B!
3O66,!Z?GA=A?=!?@!/98=QFADBX!),K,[!Z>AB;BA?=D!?HABB9N[,!!#>>?CNA=S<IX!B89!>?FCB!
found that demonstrating a substantial likelihood of material prejudice
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distinction between participants in the litigation and strangers to it,
GFCDF;=B!B?!P8A>8!S;S!?CN9CD!?=!BCA;<!G;CBA>AG;=BD!;C9!9E;<F;B9N!F=N9C!;!<9DD!
DBCA=S9=B! DB;=N;CN! B8;=! S;S! ?CN9CD! ?=! B89! GC9DD,! +99! 59=BA<9X! 222! +,)B,! ;B!
3O6V66,! ! 5C;8;H! AD! =?B! ;CSFA=S! @?C! ;! S;S! ?CN9C! ?=! B89! GC9DDX! ?=<I! ?=! B89!
<ABAS;=BD!;=N!B89AC!>?F=D9<,!!"89C9@?C9X!B89!)?FCB!=99N!=?B!>?=DAN9C!B89!<;P!?=!
GCA?C!C9DBC;A=BD!?=!B89!@C99N?H!?@!B89!GC9DD,!!!
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Case 4:13-cv-04100-LLP Document 46 Filed 03/18/15 Page 20 of 23 PageID #: 761

the Supreme Court merely approved Nevada's substantial likelihood

DB;=N;CN! P89=! ;GG<A9N! B?! S;S! ?CN9CD! AHG?D9N! ?=! ;BB?C=9ID,! ! *9AB89C! B89!
+FGC9H9! )?FCB! =?C! B89! &AS8B8! )AC>FAB! 8;D! ;CBA>F<;B9N! ;! DB;=N;CN! B?! ;GG<I!
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>?FCB! H;I! C9DBCA>B! 9]BC;JFNA>A;<! >?HH9=BD! :I! BCA;<! G;CBA>AG;=BDX! A=><FNA=S!
<;PI9CDX! G;CBA9DX! ;=N! PAB=9DD9DX! :;D9N! ?=! ;! N9B9CHA=;BA?=! B8;B! B8?D9!
comments present a reasonable likelihood of prejudicing a fair trial. !+99!0=!
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59=BA<9X!AB!DBCAL9D!B89!GC?G9C!>?=DBABFBA?=;<!:;<;=>9!?@!B89!CAS8B!B?!;!@;AC!BCA;<!
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P8A>8! GC?8A:ABD! ;=! ;BB?C=9I! DG99>8! P89=! B89C9! AD! ;! eDF:DB;=BA;<! <AL<A8??N! AB!
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=9P! BCA;<! AD! B89! GC?G9C! C9H9NI! @?C! 5C;8;HMD! 8;:9;D! >?CGFD! G9BABA?=,! ! "89!
/9DG?=N9=B! DFSS9DBD! B8;B! ;! BCA;<! HFDB! :9! AHHA=9=BX! :FB! >AB9D! =?! <;P! B?!

16

Case 4:13-cv-04100-LLP Document 46 Filed 03/18/15 Page 21 of 23 PageID #: 762

DFGG?CB! B8AD! AN9;,2U! ! "89! QF9DBA?=! P89B89C! B89C9! AD! ;! DF:DB;=BA;<! <AL<A8??N!
B8;B!;!GC?>99NA=S!PA<<!:9!GC9JFNA>9N!A=><FN9D!B89!<AL<A8??N!B8;B!B89!GC?>99NA=S!
PA<<!:9!89<N,!!.9C9X!B89!)?FCB!D8?F<N!@A=N!B8;B!B89C9!AD!;!DF:DB;=BA;<!<AL<A8??N!
B8;B! 5C;8;H! PA<<! GC9E;A<! ?=! 8AD! 8;:9;D! >?CGFD! G9BABA?=! ZH9;=A=S! =?B!
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>?FCBC??H,! ! "89! DB;B9! #BB?C=9I! 59=9C;<! >;=! H;L9! N9@;H;B?CI! ;>>FD;BA?=DX!
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2U!*?C!N?9D!B89!/9DG?=N9=B!>AB9!;=I!;FB8?CABI!@?C!ABD!;CSFH9=B!B8;B!/F<9!V,Y!

;GG<A9D!?=<I!A=!>CAHA=;<!>;D9D,!
17

Case 4:13-cv-04100-LLP Document 46 Filed 03/18/15 Page 22 of 23 PageID #: 763

#QF;D8X!;=N!B8;B!5C;8;H!AD!L=?P<9NS;:<9!;:?FB!B89!;<<9S9N!HFCN9C!?@!/;I!
/?:A=D?=! _! ;C9! A=B9=N9N! B?! GC9JFNA>9! 5C;8;H! A=!B89! 9I9D!?@!B89! GF:<A>,! ! (?C!
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;>>FD;BA?=D! AD! =?B! A=! B89! A=B9C9DB! ?@! JFDBA>9X! ;=N! 9=B9C! ;! ^C9<AHA=;CI!
0=JF=>BA?=! ?=! ;<<! G;CBA9D! ;=N! B89AC! >?F=D9<X! GC?8A:ABA=S! B89H! @C?H!
>?HH9=BA=S!?=!B8AD!H;BB9C!F=BA<!9AB89C!;!=9P!BCA;<!8;D!:99=!89<NX!?C!F=BA<!B89!
G9BABA?=!@?C!;!=9P!BCA;<!8;D!:99=!N9=A9N,!
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18

Case 4:13-cv-04100-LLP Document 46 Filed 03/18/15 Page 23 of 23 PageID #: 764

!
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mmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmm!
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19