Complex Numbers

Algebra
1.

(7 marks)

(10I-5)

2.

(5 marks)

(3 marks)

(7 marks)

(09I-11a,b,c(ii))

3.

(07I-11)
1

4.

(06I-11)
5.

Let be a real number.

(a) Solve the quadratic equation z 2 2 z cos 6 1 0 .
(b) Using the result of (a), express x 6 2 x 3 cos 6 1 as a product of quadratic polynomials with real
coefficients.

(7 marks)

(05I-6)

6.

(04I-12)
2

7.

(03I-12)
8.

For k = 1, 2, 3, let z k cos k i sin k be complex numbers, where 1 2 3 2 .

(a) Evaluate z1 z 2 z 3 .
1
1
1
1
(b) Prove that cos k ( z k ) and = cos 2 k ( z k2 2 ) .
2
zk
2
zk
Hence or otherwise, prove that cos 21 cos 2 2 cos 2 3 4 cos 1 cos 2 cos 3 1 .
(6 marks)

(02I-6)

9.

(01I-11)
3

10.

(01I-13a)
11.

(00I-13)

12.

(99I-11)
13. Let z1, z2, , zn be arbitrary complex numbers.
(a) Prove that z1 z1 z 2 z 2 z1 z 2 z1 z 2
(b) Using (a), or otherwise, show that
2
2
2
z1 z 2 ... z n Re( z1 z 2 z 2 z 3 ... z n1 z n z n z1 ) .

(4 marks)

(97I-1)

14. Consider the equation

z 3 az 2 az 1 0 (*)
where a is real.
(a) Find a real root of (*).
(b) Find the range of values of a such that (*) has non-real roots.
(c) Show that all the non-real roots of (*) lie on the unit circle in the complex plane.
(5 marks)

(96I-3)

15. Let a C and a 0.

z 1
(a) Show that if z z a , then Re .
a 2
(b) If z z a a , express z in terms of a.

(6 marks)

(95I-7)

(5 marks)

(93I-4)

16. (a) If 1 z 2 z , find Re z.

1
2
z z z i( z z )
(b) Find all z C such that
2

1 z 2 z
17. By considering (1 i) 2 n , or otherwise, evaluate

n 1

(1)
r 0

where n is a positive integer.

C 22rn and

(1)
r 0

C 22rn1 ,

(5 marks)

(92I-4)

18. (a) Show that cos 5 16 cos 5 20 cos 3 5 cos .

(b) Using (a), or otherwise, solve 16 cos 4 20 cos 2 5 0 for values of between 0 and 2 .

3
Hence find the values of cos 2 cos 2
.
(7 marks)
(90I-5)
10
10
19. Let z cos i sin . By expressing cos in terms of z, or otherwise, show that for any positive integer
n.
cos n

1
2n

C
r 0

n
r

cos(n 2r ) .

(6 marks)

(89I-6)

Geometry
20.

(08I-5)
z 1
2 in the form of z c r , where c and r are constants.
z4

z 1
2 in the Argand plane. (5 marks)
(b) Shade the region represented by z C :
z4

21. (a) Express

(02I-2)

22. Let L be the straight line z (4 4i) z and C be the circle z 1 .

(a) Sketch L on an Argand diagram.
(b) Let P, Q be points on L and C respectively such that PQ is equal to the shortest distance between L
and C. Find PQ and the complex numbers representing P and Q. (6 marks) (01I-8)
23. Consider the circle z z (2 3i) z (2 3i) z 12

( z C )

(*).

Rewrite (*) in the form of z a r where a C and r > 0. Hence or otherwise,

find the shortest distance between the point 4 5i and the circle.

(5 marks)

(00I-4)

24. A, B and C are three points in the Argand diagram representing the complex numbers z1, z2, and z3
respectively. If z1 = 0, z2 = 1 + i and ABC is equilateral, find z3.
(5 marks)
(99I-5)
25. Let z be a complex number satisifying 2 z 2i z i
(a) Show that the locus of z on an Argand diagram is a circle. Find its centre and radius.
(b) Let S z C : 2 z 2i z i . Draw and shade the region which represents S on an Argand
diagram.
Hence find z 0 S such that z 0 z for all z S .

(6 marks)

(98I-4)

26.

(98I-13)
27. Let Arg z denote the principal value of the argument of the complex number z
( Arg z ).
(a) If z 0 and z + z = 0, show that Arg z =

(b) If z1, z2 0 and z1 z 2 z1 z 2 , show that

Arg

z1
.
z2

z1 z1

0 and hence find all possible values of

z2 z2
(5 marks)

(94I-6)

28. Let u, v be non-zero complex numbers.

u
ik for some k R.
v
(b) If uv uv 0 , what is the relationship between arg u and arg v?
(a) Show that uv uv 0 if and only if

(6 marks)

(91I-5)