Chemistry 122 Winter 15

Dr. Joe Casalnuovo

NAME ___________________________
Midterm #1

***CLOSED BOOK EXAM - No books or notes allowed.

***Please put your name on all of the test pages.
***Be sure your exam has 6 questions on 4 pages!!!
***A periodic table is attached to the back.
Potentially useful information:
-b (b2 - 4ac)1/2
2a
________________________________________________________________
Kw = 1.0 x 10-14 at 25 C

1. (55 pts)
(i)

For parts i - xi, circle the correct answer. Only one answer per problem (5 pts each).
No partial credit.
Which of the following 1.0 M solutions will have the highest pH value at 25 C?
(a)

(ii)

HF

(b)

NaOH

(c)

HCl

(d)

NH3

(e)

Ba(OH)2

(d)

7.00

(e)

13.70

What is the pOH of a 0.50 M HCl solution at 25 C?

(a)

0.30

pH = -log(0.50) = 0.30
(iii)

x=

(b)

-0.30

(c)

14.30

pOH = 14.00 0.30 = 13.70

Which one of the following is true with respect to a 0.01 M formic acid solution,
HCOOH (aq) at 25 C?
(a) [H3O+ (aq)] > [HCOO- (aq)]
(b) [H3O+ (aq)] < [HCOO- (aq)]
(c) pH = 2.0
(d) pH > 2.0
(e) [OH- (aq)] > 1.0 x 10-7 M

pH = -log(0.01) = 2.0 = maximum acidity for a STRONG acid (which formic acid ISN'T)
(iv)

Consider 1.0 M solutions of each of the following salts. Which solution would have the
lowest pH?
(a) NaF, Ka(HF) = 7.2 x 10-4

(d) HCOONa, Ka(HCOOH) = 1.8 x 10-4

(b) NaOCl, Ka(HOCl) = 3.5 x 10-8

(e) CH3COONa, Ka(CH3COOH) = 1.8 x 10-5

(c) NaCN, Ka(HCN) = 4.0 x 10-10

(v)

Name: _________________________ 2
A 0.10 M aqueous solution of a weak acid is 7.9 % dissociated at 25 C. What statement could
be made about a 0.0010 M aqueous solution of this same acid at 25 C?
(a) The percent dissociation will be 0 %.
(b) The percent dissociation will be less than 7.9 %.
(c) The percent dissociation will be equal to 7.9 %.
(d) The percent dissociation will be greater than 7.9 %.
(e) It is not possible to tell how the percent dissociation will change.

(vi)

Which one of the following salts would give a neutral solution when dissolved in water?
(a) Pb(ClO4)2

(vii)

(b) NH4Br

(c) Ca(NO3)2

(d)

NaF

(e)

AlCl3

Consider the reaction below:

SO2Cl2 (g)

SO2 (g) + Cl2 (g)

The initial concentrations in a vessel are [SO2Cl2 (g)] = 0.165 M, [SO2 (g)] = 0.0955 M,
and [Cl2 (g)] = 0.210 M. If [Cl2 (g)] = 0.180 M at equilibrium, what is the value of Kc for
this reaction?
(a)

16.5

(b)

"x" = 0.210 M 0.180 M = 0.030 M

(viii)

11.5

(c)
Kc =

0.104

(d)

0.0873

(e)

0.0605

[SO 2 ][Cl2 ] (0.0955 - 0.030 M)(0.180 M)

=
= 0.0605
[SO 2Cl2 ]
(0.165 + 0.030 M)

Consider the reaction below:

N2 (g) + O2 (g)

2 NO (g)

Initially 1.0 M of N2 (g), 1.0 M of O2 (g) and 0.050 M of NO (g) are placed in a vessel at
some temperature. If Kc = 2.5 x 10-3 at that temperature, which one of the following
statements is true?
(a) Qc > Kc and the reaction proceeds to the right.
(b) Qc > Kc and the reaction proceeds to the left.
(c) Qc < Kc and the reaction proceeds to the right.
(d) Qc < Kc and the reaction proceeds to the left.
(e) The reaction is at equilibrium.

Qc =

.
(.)(.)

= 2.5 x 10-3

Name: _________________________
(ix)

Which of the following statements about chemical equilibrium is true?

(a) At equilibrium, reactants are no longer converted into products.
(b) Reactions with large equilibrium constants reach equilibrium faster than reactions
with small equilibrium constants.
(c) At equilibrium, the reactant concentrations will equal the product concentrations.
(d) Reactions with equilibrium constants much greater than one will have reactant
concentrations that are much greater than product concentrations at equilibrium.
(e) For the reaction, PCl3 (g) + Cl2 (g)
only Cl2 (g) is present initially.

(x)

PCl5 (g), equilibrium cannot be attained if

For the reaction,

1
O2 (g)
2
the equilibrium constant is Kc = 2.0 at certain temperature. What is the value of Kc at
that temperature for the reaction below?
3
3 NO2 (g)
3 NO (g) + O2 (g)

2
NO2 (g)

(a)

0.50

(b)

4.0

NO (g) +

(c)

Kc' = (2.0)3 = 8.0

(xi)

6.0

(d)

8.0

(e)

9.0

Of the following pairs of acids, which one does not include both a strong acid and a
weak acid?
(a) HClO, HClO4

(d) H2SO4, H3PO4

(b) HNO3, HNO2

(e) HF, HCl

(c) HBr, HI
2. (12 pts)

Consider the exothermic reaction below at equilibrium in a closed vessel. For each
part, a - d, circle the effect (increase, decrease or no change) each change listed below
will have on the quantity indicated. (No partial credit.)
2 C (s)
Change

O2 (g)
Quantity

2 CO (g)
Effect

(a) Decrease in volume

moles of CO

Increase/Decrease/No change

(b) Increase in [CO (g)]

Kc

Increase/Decrease/No change

(c) Decrease in temperature

Kc

Increase/Decrease/No change

[CO (g)]

Increase/Decrease/No change

(d) Decrease in [O2 (g)]

3. (5 pts)

Name: _________________________ 4
Write the balanced chemical reaction that would represent the Kb for the conjugate base
of C5H7O4COOH. No partial credit.
C5H7O4COO- + H2O

4. (4 pts)

When Co3+ is placed in water, it reacts with six water molecules to form a hydrated ion
(as we discussed in class). The solution becomes acidic. Write the balanced chemical
equation that shows the hydrolysis of the hydrated ion of Co3+ that causes the acidic
solution. No partial credit.
Co(H2O)63+

5. (12 pts)

C5H7O4COOH + OH-

+ H2O

Co(H2O)5(OH)2+

+ H3O+

Calculate the pH of a 1.0 M solution of NH4Cl at 25 C. Kb(NH3) = 1.8 x 10-5 at 25 C.

Show all work.

NH4+ + H2O

NH3 + H3O+

I
C
E

1.0
--x
1.0 x

0
x
x

Ka =

1.0 x 10 -14
x2
= 5.556 x 10 -10 =
1.8 x 10 -5
1.0 - x

Assume x << 1.0

0
x
x

Check:

2.357 x 10 -5
x 100 = 2.4 x 10 -3%
1.0

x = [H3O+] = 2.357 x 10-5

pH = - log(2.357 x 10-5) = 4.63

6. (12 pts)

Consider the following equilibrium which has Kc = 1.00 x 102 at 100 C. Initially
there was 6.00 M B (g) present in a rigid vessel. Calculate the molarity of the gas B
present at equilibrium at 100 C. Show all work.
2 A (g)
I
C
E

Kc =

0
2x
2x

B (g)
6.00
-x
6.00 - x

[B] (6.00 - x)
=
= 100
[A]2
(2x) 2

400 x2 + x 6.00 = 0

x=

-1 (1) 2 - 4(400)(-6)
2(400)

x = 0.1212 or -0.1237

[B]eq = 6.00 0.1212 = 5.88 M