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M.V. Naidu
GLOBALIZATION IS BEING presented as the process of enhancing
collective
measures to stop international violence and wars, to save global
environment, and to eliminate Third World poverty and economic
inequality
through developed communications, investments, trade, and aid.
Globalization implies that "bigger is better."
But the central question is: what caused these problems in the
first place?
Otherwise we end up with the logic of the tragedies caused by
drunk
driving. More policing, more fines, more punishment, while selling
more
liquor to the drivers, cannot end drunk driving. The solution lies in
going
to the root of drunkenness, that is, alcoholism! The root causes for
the
current global malaise are twofold: (a) massive and reckless
industrialization, and (b) dehumanization of science, technology,
and
industry.
By "massiveness" I mean mass production leading to mass
surpluses
necessitating mass distribution and mass consumption through
massive
technologicalization, capitalization, monopolization, and
governmentalization.
By dehumanization I mean total concentration of the industries on
commercial profit and economic power to a total exclusion of
concerns for
human health and happiness in terms of physical, intellectual, and
economic
well-being.
Massive industrialization necessitates massive supplies of raw
materials,
energy sources, capital, trade, and markets. The amassing of
these
ingredients in the initial stage of industrialization creates an
exploitative system within the society. I call it domestic
colonialism.1 As
industrialization becomes more and more massive, it leads to
reckless
expansion of colonialism abroad.2 Informal and defacto
colonialism is
neo-colonialism.
The oppression of the peoples in the colonies, the struggle to
maintain,
defend, or expand colonies, necessitate militarization, intercolonial
wars, and world wars.3
Goods produced have to be sold and consumed. Hence the rise of
the
revolutions in transportation and communications. While
development in
transportation helps move goods and travellers, it also helps in
the fast
moving of war machines and soldiers to every nook and corner of
the world.
The mass media of communications-from the printing press to
computer chips
and satellites-have become the instruments of propaganda,
thought control,
and brainwashing. The Time Magazine imperialism or CNN neocoloralism are
the examples.4 The globalized messages of racism, ethnicism,
sexism,
investors and
money-lenders from the rich countries work for their own
profitability. It
is like my banker who lends me money but seeks high interest
and a mortgage
on everything I own-from cuff links to cars-and is ever ready to
confiscate
them. When I fail to make the payments. Should this Shylock
banker, who
wants his pound of flesh, claim that he is doing me a favour?
Globalization of trade, investments, and banking can only mean
further
dictation and domination of the developed countries and further
indebtedness and impoverishment of the undeveloped or
developing countries.
The globalized Shylocks will undoubtedly demand their pound of
flesh!
In short, the answer to globalized militarization and wars, to
globalized
pollution and ecological disaster, and to globalized exploitation,
poverty,
and inequality, is not more globalization, but less of it, and its
eventual
elimination!
Small-scale and indigenized industries that are built upon national
self-reliance and self-sufficiency, with minimum surpluses, will
lead to
devolution and decentralization of economic productivity. Such
produdivity
will accordingly reduce science-technology to the level suitable to
small-scale industries, will reduce the need for raw materials,
energy and
pollution, and will reduce colonialization, militarization, militarism,
and
massive wars. Small economies will lead to the sheddingof the big
government and the big state. The appeals for globalized racism,
ethnicism,
religionism, and jingoism will become irrelevant. Conflicts that are
natural to human community may not be eliminated in the smallscale
political economy, but the variety of conflicts and their
internationalized
intensities would be enormously reduced. The global crises of our
time can
be handled at two levels-(a) certain stages and degrees of
deindustrialization through indigenization, devolution, and
decentralization of industrial capacities in the developed world;
and (b)
the rehumanization of all science-technology and industry. These
steps, of
course, imply paradigm shifts. While the Third World must reject
Western
models of development, the false gods, and should redefine
development in
terms of basic necessities of life, and higher emphasis on cultural
and
intellectual growth, the developed world must commit itself to
lessened
materialism, greed, and selfishness, and to enhanced spiritual
and
humanitarian dimensions.
Those who argue that such shifts are impractical are indeed
fatalists
believing in predestination like Augustine's original sin, or Herbert
Spencer's Social Darwinism, or Karl Marx's materialist
determinism, or the
evolution concept of unidirectional linear progression. Though
raised in
the name of realism, these concepts are unreal, negative,
pessimistic, and
cynical. The Gandhian formulation of "practical idealism" is the
panacea
produksi.
Pertumbuhan kapitalisme, yaitu sistem dan paham ekonomi yang
modalnya bersumber dari modal pribadi atau modal perusahaan swasta
Globalisasi memiliki arti penting bagi bangsa Indonesia, yaitu kita dapat
mengambil manfaat dari globalisasi dan menerapkannya di Indonesia.
Manfaat globalisasi antara lain kemajuan ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi,
mempermudah arus modal dari negara lain, dan meningkatkan perdagangan
internasional.
Globalisasi memiliki nilai-nilai positif namun juga memiliki nilai-nilai negatif.
Untuk menyaring nilai-nilai negatif maka kita harus berpedoman pada nilainilai Pancasila, karena nilai-nilai Pancasila sesuai dengan situasi dan kondisi