Documenti di Didattica
Documenti di Professioni
Documenti di Cultura
2012
Course Description
This one-hour online course will discuss the benefits of designing with structural
insulated panels (SIPs) including energy optimization and other sustainable
contributions. The designer will gain a better understanding of advanced
application, assembly and detailing in order to properly utilize SIPs.
SIP basics
Engineering methods
Note: This course was created as an advanced offering based on the introductory version
available for free at: Designing With Structural Insulated Panels
Learning Objectives
At the conclusion of this course, the design professional will be able to:
SIP Basics
Details
Insulation is cut back from the edge of OSB SIP to receive spline member
Be aware that the type of spline you are using may cause some thermal
bridging
The overall panel will have a reduced framing factor compared to stick
framing
Details
Panel joints are designed to
reduce thermal bridging where
structurally possible and sealed
to reduce air infiltration.
Details
This is a plan view detail at wall corner showing how SIP screws are utilized
Engineering Methods
The 2007 supplement to the 2006 IRC first accepted SIPs with EPS and XPS
foam (walls)
The 2009 IRC also accepted SIPs with polyurethane foam (walls)
This was just the first step in getting SIPs more widely recognized and
accepted
IRC Section R614 offers a prescriptive design for SIP walls
Engineering
Axial Loads
Consult your engineer or manufacturer about values for thicker wall sizes
than 8- for walls
Transverse Loads
Transverse loads are for walls and roofs. This will help with spans and
spacing for your structure.
Edge members
Diaphragm Connections
Openings
Ratings
R-Values
R-Values
Fire Ratings
While limited in terms of construction type due to wood span, rated SIP
assemblies are available to meet code
STC-22
SIP (no finish on either face)
STC-28
1/2 gyp, SIP (no finish on either face)
STC-29
5/8 gyp, SIP (no finish on either face)
STC-33
5/8 gyp, SIP, 5/8 gyp
STC-41
2-layers 5/8 gyp, SIP, 2-layers 5/8 gyp
STC-45
5/8 gyp, SIP, 5/8 gyp, 1 air space, 5/8 gyp, SIP, 5/8 gyp
STC-47
(2) layers 5/8 gyp, SIP, 5/8 gyp, 1 air space, 5/8 gyp, SIP, 5/8 gyp
STC-52
(2) layers 5/8 gyp, SIP, 5/8 gyp, 1 air space, 5/8 gyp, SIP, (2) layers 5/8 gyp
STC-54
(2) layers 5/8 gyp, SIP, (2) layers 5/8 gyp, 1 air space, 5/8 gyp, SIP, (2) layers 5/8 gyp
Metal framing
Structural steel
Pre-engineered buildings
Timber framing
Glulams
6-" Wall Panels, 10-" Roof Panels, Structural steel beams 18' apart
SIPs span from beam to beam and have structural I-beam splines 4 OC
Roof 10-
Minneapolis, MN
Curved SIPs
SIP Size
R-Value
Zone
4.5
R-14 ci
Walls: 1-6
Floor: 2-6
Roofs: n/a
6.5
R-21 ci
Walls: 6-7
Floor: 7-8
Roofs: 1-3
8.25
R-28 ci
Walls: 8
Floor: n/a
Roofs: 4-5
10.25
R-35 ci
R-42 ci
Walls: n/a
Walls: n/a
Floor: n/a
Floor: n/a
Roofs: 6-8
Roofs: 7-8
12.25
When comparing stick framing with SIPs it is important to look at the whole
wall R-value. An R-19 stud wall is not equivalent to a SIP with the same Rvalue. The framing factor of a stud wall is much greater. The studs actually
reduce the overall walls R-value.
Study results for SIPs:
Continuous insulation
No thermal bridging
4 SIP wall outperforms
2x6 stud wall with
R-19 fiberglass
Whole wall R-value for a
6 SIP = 21.6
Thermal Bridging
This thermal image illustrates the impact of stick frame construction and
thermal bridging. There is reduced thermal bridging with SIPs. Continuous
insulation allows for higher whole wall R-values.
Stick Framing
SIP
Air Infiltration
SIP Sealing
To attain full airtightness with SIPs:
Architecture 2030
Buildings are the major source of global demand for energy and materials
that produce by-product greenhouse gases (GHG). Slowing the growth rate of
GHG emissions and then reversing it is the key to addressing climate change
and keeping global average temperature below 2C above pre-industrial
levels.
source: http://architecture2030.org/2030_challenge/the_2030_challenge
source: http://architecture2030.org/2030_challenge/the_2030_challenge
The fossil fuel reduction standard for all new buildings and major
renovations shall be increased to:
70% in 2015
80% in 2020
90% in 2025
source: http://architecture2030.org/2030_challenge/the_2030_challenge
System
SIP
Hybrid
2x4 stick
2x6 stick
Energy Consumption*
60,306
112,000
1,758,671
1,513,724
*MJ/CB Over period of study
Residential Insulation Studies; Charlene Wall, NT/U, BASF Corporation; June 2006
Thermal Characteristics
Cavity walls with code enforced
high performance increase the
possibility of pumping water
vapor into cavities which can
cause mold, rot, and mildew.
SIPs eliminate this problem by
having no cavity space. This is
especially true for cold weather
climates.
Special consideration should be made for designing with SIPs in cold and/or
wet climates to prevent decay and mold growth, which can impact durability
and indoor air quality.
With water intrusion: bulk water is liquid moisture from the outside coming in,
such as wind driven rain
Drying of the exterior envelope is a universal issue for all building types
including SIPs
Be aware of the climate you are building in to determine the need for
drainage at the exterior envelope
If required, create a drainage plain or rain screen to allow for the drying
of SIPs at the exterior and prevent the trapping of moisture
A variety of drainage techniques may be used including a drainage mat or
furring strips
This is a building science opinion for maximum durability; not SIP specific
Discuss with your SIP manufacturer and be aware of all system
requirements
Design Coordination
Coordination with the design team is essential before the actual manufacturing
of SIPs.
HVAC
Properly designed and sized HVAC equipment will run longer and be more
efficient - no short cycling
Relative humidity control will also provide a higher level of health and
comfort while extending HVAC equipment life
Design Coordination
Coordination with the design team is essential before the actual manufacturing
of SIPs.
Electrical
Structural system
Electrical
Top and bottom plates are drilled during installation to access the vertical
electrical chases
Other options include running electrical wires through a furred wall or base
board
Electrical
Wiring walls with SIPs can actually be a time saver but may require
education of the electrician
Specifications
Standard specifications are available from manufacturers which can be
updated to respond to the project and regional context such as climate.
Specifications
Construction Benefits
There are many examples of a four-man crew raising the walls of a 4,000
sq. ft. home in a single day
SIPs come in large sections, up to 8 x 24, so whole walls can be raised
quickly and easily
They are structurally sufficient, so little additional framing is required
Windows are usually cut during the offsite fabrication process and can be
headerless, depending on the size
Construction Benefits
Commercial Applications
Commercial Applications
Although SIPs are known for their use in single family housing construction, SIPs
can also be used for non-residential and multifamily applications with high
performance and high value.
Schools
Retail/office
Civic buildings
Medical buildings
Warehouses
Retirement communities
Multifamily housing
SIP benefits
Provided drastically reduced heating bills for the building owner through
the winter months
SIPs will help the school district reduce energy costs and allows for a
smaller more cost-effective mechanical system
School designed by Mahlum Architects includes 6 SIP walls and 10 SIP
roof designed to be 47% more energy-efficient than baseline target
SIPs reduced labor cost enough to make it possible to purchase a
photovoltaic system within budget
6 SIP walls
Affordable housing
Course Summary
Now, the design professional will be able to: