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INTRODUCTION
Planning is the beginning of a process which requires a management to
decide the purpose and how to achieve the goals. Planning is very important,
because it takes an important role more than the other management functions,
namely directing, montoring, and orgaanizing. Where these functions are actually
become the result of the implementation of a plan.
Urban and regional planning is a way to plan the utilization of existing
resources in a region with a specific purpose and future-oriented, which is closely
linked to the utilization of aspects that exist in society, such as economic, social,
cultural, and geology. However, these aspects are very influential within a region
or city, such as aspects of geology, as the result the form of development planning
have to consider aspects such as geology, climatology, lithology, and topography
in order to create an environmental balance.
Environmental geology is essentially an applied geology intended as an effort
to use natural resources and energy efficiently and effectively to meet the needs of
human life in the present and the future by reducing the environmental impact
caused as much as possible (Djauhari,2006).
Kedungpane Village is one of fourteen villages in Mijen District,
Semarang. The goal of this study in Kedungpane Village is to analyze
environmental geology aspects in Kedungpane Village and based on those
analysis we can give recommendations and directions about land use in
Kedungpane Village. Exploring land based on consideration both from physical
and non-physical aspects in Kedungpane Village. Physical aspects in this case are
related to environmental geology condition in Kedungpane Village whereas the
non physical aspects are related to the citizens lifes. Topography, morphology,
climatology, lithology, stratigraphy, hydrology, hydrogeology, and geological
hazards are included in physical aspects. While non-physical aspects are
populations and landuse conditions of Kedungpane Village.
CHAPTER II
CHARACTERISTICS IDENTIFICATION OF MIJEN DISTRICT
Based on the results of the field survey Mijen District shown that the
geological structures in Mijen District is Kaligetas formation. This formation
consists of breccia and lava, with lava and tuff inserts fine to coarse, stone clay
underneath there tuffaceous sandstone. Breccia and andesite lava has a
component, basalt, pumice, generally oblique - angled component responsible,
moderate to high porosity. Similarly, the tuffs that have high porosity. With a high
degree of porosity tuff, ground potential to absorb and store water because the soil
density or low density. This situation causes the soil moist and rich in water makes
it easier for plants to live as it gets enough water and roots to penetrate the soil
more easily. This condition makes it suitable for rice fields, plantations, or farms.
Mijen District has denudational landforms, structural landforms, and
fluvial landforms. Denudational landforms shown by by the sinkhole in choppy
road. Structural landforms located in the eastern part of Kedungpane Village is
indicated by morphology of the hilly regions choppy. Whereas fluvial landforms
shown by the flow of the river in the area is rather flat and undulating.
The lithology in Mijen District are tuf vulcanic at the North and South of
Mijen District, in Jatibarang Village there is volcanic rocks, at the East and
Southeast of Karangmalang Village there is viscious sedimentation rock. Types of
soil that available in Mijen District are latosol brown, latosol reddish brown, and
medditeranean brown.
Picture 1.1
Type of Soil Latosol Reddish Brownin inMijen District
Mijen District has an altitude 0 228 above sea level, and known as lower
mainland. Slope in Mijen District is 2 15% that shown that has hilly area and
not steep area. In the Mijen District contained resin formation. Formation consists
of tuffaceous rocks, volcanic conglomerate, and breccia. Volcanic breccia rock is a
type of rock that has a structure that is hard so good for building foundations.
However, to construct a building to do the excavation until the rock layers of
volcanic breccia. In addition, there is also The Kedungpane Village Kalibeng
Formation and Kerek Formation. Kerek Formation is a cross stone clay, marl,
tuffaceous sandstone, conglomerate, volcanic breccia, and limestone. Kalibeng
Formation consists of marls, tuffaceous sandstone, and limestone. Marl has low
porosity to be waterproof so that the surface layer is not suitable for growing
crops. Neither the layers beneath it tends to be hard.
Picture 1.2
Damar Formationin in Mijen District
Luas (Ha)
1.293.206
2.197
1.404.670
2.905
880.959
1.054.150
2.194.990
6.833.077
%
18,926
0,032
20,557
0,043
12,893
15,427
32,123
100
CHAPTER III
CHARACTERISTICS IDENTIFICATION OF KEDUNGPANE VILLAGE
Kedungpane Village which is part of Mijen District, Semarang, has some
characteristics of geological environment in the form of physical and non-physical
aspects. The total area of Kedungpane Village is 583,061 Ha with administrative
boundaries namely, Ngaliyan District at the North; Gunungpati District at the
South; Jatibarang Village at the West; and Pesantren Village at the East.
The morphology in Kedungpane Village is denudational landform.
Because the landform in Kedungpane Village is the result from weathering
process, soil movement erotion, and happen sedimentation at the end of the
process. The topography in Kedungpane Village is hilly. It has an altitude of 253
m above sea level and has a slope of 2 15%.
The lithology in Kedungpane Village is the form of sedimentary rock, both
classic and anorganik. Rocks in the study area include: the volcanic breccia rocks
and sand. Volcanic breccia rocks and sand spread across all study areas. Areas that
have rock type is very suitable to serve as a crop area, because of the volcanic
breccia rocks sand easily absorb water.Kedungpane Village has a land surface
characteristics and river alluvial fan, whereas the types of soil have latosol reddish
brown and mediterranean brown. With the characteristics of the ground surface as
the region has a function as well as residential areas and agriculture. This is
possible because this type of soil has a neutral nature-poor acidic humus but has
good physical properties.
Picture 2.1
Type of Soil Mediterranean Brown in Kedungpane Village
Picture 2.2
Type of Soil Latosol Reddish Brownin Kedungpane Village
Picture 2.3
Damar Formationin Kelurahan Kedungpane
typically in area that has a fairly long dry season. The water pump uses electricity
and built 2-3 point in every RW in Kedungpane Village.
Kedungpane Village rainfall from 27.7 to 34.8 mm per year. The average
air temperature at the Kedungpane Village Semarang overall, ranging from 250C
to 290C. Average air humidity varies from 62% to 84%. According to the
climatic classification of the sun, the region belongs to the tropical regions that
have an average air temperature is high, whereas according to the classification
system Junghuhn, with a height of between 0-600 meters above sea level, the
Kedungpane Village temperature between 250C-290C belongs to the heated
area. This causes the rate of weathering in the Kedungpane Village classified as
moderate. Areas with moderate rainfall suitable for paddy fields and plantations,
such as rice, corn, coffee, tobacco, sugar cane, and rubber.
Seen from physical condition and natural condtion, geological hazards that
exist in Kedungpane Village is landslide. Landslide occurs in the North
Kedungpane Village that has hilly landscape and has steep slope about 2 15%.
Based on survey result, landslide occured at RT/RW 04/06
last February.
Luas (Ha)
34.000
421.000
73.340
9.000
30.310
567.650
%
5,990
74,165
12,920
1,585
5,340
100
CHAPTER IV
ANALYSIS
Scoring analysis is needed to estimate the function of the area based on the
data and the obtained data related to the geological aspects, such as rainfall, slope
and soil type. The Kedungpane Village, there is spatial data that must be
considered to determine the function of the area in the region. The benchmark
used for scoring analysis based on criteria derived from the table Ministerial
Decree No.837/KTPS/UM/II/1980 and No.683/KPTS/UM/VII/1981.
Table IV.1
Scoring Table in Kedungpane Village
Slope
Category
Score
0-2%
20
2-15%
40
15-25%
60
25-40%
80
>40%
100
0-2%
20
2-15%
40
15-25%
60
25-40%
80
>40%
100
Rainfall
27,7-34,8 mm/
day
27,7-34,8 mm/
day
27,7-34,8 mm/
day
27,7-34,8 mm/
day
27,7-34,8 mm/
day
27,7-34,8 mm/
day
27,7-34,8 mm/
day
27,7-34,8 mm/
day
27,7-34,8 mm/
day
27,7-34,8 mm/
day
Score
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
Soil Type
Score
Total
Score
30
90
30
110
30
130
30
150
30
170
45
105
45
125
45
145
45
165
45
185
Reddish Brown
Latosol
Reddish Brown
Latosol
Reddish Brown
Latosol
Reddish Brown
Latosol
Reddish Brown
Latosol
Mediterranean
Dark Brown
Mediterranean
Dark Brown
Mediterranean
Dark Brown
Mediterranean
Dark Brown
Mediterranean
Dark Brown
Function
Area
Cultivation
Area
Cultivation
Area
Buffer
Zone
Buffer
Zone
Buffer
Zone
Cultivation
Area
Buffer
Zone
Buffer
Zone
Buffer
Zone
Protected
Areas
1. Slope Analysis
There are 5 types of gradients in the Kedungpane Village slope in the
range of 0% to> 40%, with a scoring value ranging from 20 to 100.
Increasingly steep slope, the greater the score value and will affect the
function of the area in the region.
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2. Rainfall Analysis
For precipitation in the Kedungpane Village, the same as other areas in
the city, ranging from 27.7 to 34.8 mm / day, so the score value only one
type, namely 40.
3. Soil Type Analysis
There are two types of land in the Kedungpane Village, namely
Reddish Brown Dark Brown Latosol and Mediterranean. Value score Dark
Brown Mediterranean soil type are greater than Reddish Brown Latosol,
30 versus 45.
4. Land Carrying Capacity Analysis
Based on scoring result can be determined land carrying capacity in
Kedungpane Village based on SK Menteri Kehutanan No. 837/UM/II/1980
dan No. 683/KPTS/UM/1981 in the table below :
Table IV.2
Land Carrying Capacity in Kedungpane Village
Village
Class, Type of
Soil, Sensitivity
of Erotion, and
Description
(Score)
Class,
Slope, and
Description
(Score)
Class,
Average
Intensity of
Rainfall
(Score)
Score
Kedungpane
II; Latosol
Reddish Brown;
Rather Sensitive
(30)
II; Latosol
Reddish Brown;
Rather Sensitive
(30)
III;
Medditeranean
Brown; Less
Sensitive
(45)
IV; 27,7-34,8
mm/ day;
High (40)
130
Buffer Area
IV; 27,7-34,8
mm/ day;
High
(40)
IV; 27,7-34,8
mm/ day;
High
(40)
90
Cultivation Area
185
Conservation Area
Kedungpane
Kedungpane
V; > 40%;
Very Steep
(100)
Area Function
The Kedungpane Village has two types of soil, namely latosol reddish
brown and dark brown mediterranean. Latosol dark brown soil type is
suitable for agriculture and plantations because it has high humus content.
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However, the soil type reddish brown latosol is sensitive to erosion that are
affected by high rainfall intensity. The Kedungpane Village area which has
reddish brown soil types latosol including class II slope ramps makes it
suitable for settlement. In addition, latosol reddish brown, a small portion
Kedungpane Village have dark brown mediterranean soil types that are
less sensitive to erosion and the area has high rainfall intencity, so it is
suitable for conservation area.
5. Land Suitability Analysis
After knowing the function of area, potencies, constraints, and scoring
analysis can be determined land suitability of Kedungpane Village in the
table below :
Table IV.3
Land Suitability Kedungpane Village
Village
Kedungpane
Total
Area Function
Score
90
The function of Cultivation Area for housing
110
Kedungpane
130
170
Kedungpane
185
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Table IV.4
SWOT Analysis
INTERNAL
STRENGTHS (S)
1. The soil type is latosol
2.Kaligetas Formation
3. High topography
Weakness (W)
1. The eastern access road
to the Village Kedungpane
2. Scarcity of ground water
in the north and south of
the Village Kedungpane
OPPORTUNITIES (O)
1. Proximity to the
highway-Boja Semarang.
2. Needs can be met by
introducing irrigation
stream Kreo.
Bordering the tourist
sites in the Village Goa
Kreo Kandri, District
Gunungpati.
STRATEGY (SO)
latosol soil type suitable
for agriculture and
plantations developed by the
manufacturing line irrigation channels
associated with the river
Kreo.
Topography is causing
high risk of flooding in the
Village Kedungpane small,
coupled with a location
close to the highway to
make suitable Kedungpane
Village buildings and
settlements.
STRATEGY (WO)
To overcome the scarcity
of water at some point, can
be overcome by utilizing the
stream piped Kreo.
Development of good
roads and connecting the
Village Kedungpane with
Kreo Goa tourist sites in the
east for easy access to the
location of Goa Kreo and to
develop the site into a
tourist.
Threats (T)
1. Landscape that is
prone to landslides.
2. Pollution caused by
landfill (TPA) Semarang.
Opening new industrial
estates and housing
causing land conversion.
STRATEGY (ST)
Patterns and plantation
agriculture in Sub
Kedungpane can be done by
the method of terracing or
swale to prevent landslides.
Residential development or
other areas should be away
from landfill sites and the
slope is not too steep.
STRATEGY (WT)
Scarcity of ground water
was at some point, coupled
with landscapes prone to
landslides causing difficult
to use the land in such
places as residential or
agricultural.
EXTERNAL
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According to the analysis table based on the SWOT analysis table above, it
can be concluded that the potentials and constraints that exist in the Village
Kedungpane are :
1. Potentials
The potentials that exist in Kedungpane Village are :
The Kedungpane Village have potentials in agricultural because
of the good irrigation canals and the soil type of the
settlements.
2. Constraints
The constrains that exist in Kedungpane Village :
The existence of incompatible land use specifically is the land
conversion
from
green
open
space
to
Kedungpane
resettlements.
The Kedungpane Village has landslide-prone landscapes that
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CHAPTER V
CONCLUSIONS
The study of macro area is the Mijen District, is one of the districts in the
city of Semarang located in the southwest part of Semarang. According to Spatial
Semarang years 2011 - 2031 this district belongs to the BWK IX with the main
function as the Office of Public Service. The total areaof Mijen District is 57.55
km2consists of fourteen villages. Ngaliyan district has other functions as
residential, industrial, agricultural areas,
physical conditions in the Mijen District is hilly and relatively coarse, soil type
and soil movement stratigraphy, slope instability, and weathering can cause
geological hazards such as soil movement, erosion, and landslides.
The study of micro area is the Kedungpane Village, is one of the villages
in the northeastern part of the Mijen District, Semarang. Land use in Kedungpane
Village are for residential, educational, industrial, agricultural, and vacant land.
Kedungpane
sloping, somewhat steep, and steep with a different slope in the range of 0% to>
40%. However dominated by a rather steep topography with slopes 2-15%.
Steepest slopes found in RW 03 eastern bordering the Gunungpati District.
Kedungpane Village has a wet tropical climate with an average rainfall from 27.7
to 34.8 mm per year with the average temperature of 28oC. The rocks in the study
area consists of a layer of marine, sedimentary rocks and rock base with the type
of soil sediment breccia consists of mediterranean latosol reddish brown and dark
brown.
Geological structure contained in the Kedungpane Village is a Structural
and Fluvial landforms characterized by the many hills in the study area of micro
and Kreo River in the eastern part of the Village. Watershed Kreo also affect the
hydrologic conditions in the Kedungpane Village, the availability of surface water
flow of the river is dominated by Kreo. Kedungpane including the Village
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