Bocad Basic

Basics
Basics I.I.
bocad-3D
bocad-3D Editions
Editions
14.02.2005
All information contained in this manual has been carefully collected. We cannot be held responsible for typographical errors or modification of individual program functions.
Program version:
20.503 , dated Februar 2005
Version of Manual:
14.02.2005
Am Umweltpark 7
D-44793 Bochum
Hotline:
Hotfax:
0234 / 9 64 17-85
0234 / 9 64 17-86
eMail:
wartung@bocad.com
Monday to Friday:
8 until 12 ocock
12:30(pm) until 4:30 (pm)
Basics I - Contents
Day of training - part1
Contens
1. General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
1.1. History of bocad Software GmbH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
1.2. Hardware equipment of a bocad-3D workplace . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
2. Establishment of a project . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
2.1. Program starting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
2.2. File: New / Open . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
2.3. Rules concerning directory names . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
2.4. Input of project data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
3. Operating of bocad . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
3.1. Program surface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
3.2. Symbol bars . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
3.3. Pickmodus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
3.4. The mouse in bocad . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
3.5. Keyboard layout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
4. Input of grid data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
4.1. Geometrical construction, coordinate directions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
4.2. Replicator sign . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
4.3. Axis-row-level names . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
4.4. Structure: Modify properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
4.5. Create grid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
4.6. Delete grid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
5. Main views . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
5.1. Change . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
5.2. Additional ! Main view . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
5.3. Create via grid elements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
5.4. Create via points . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
5.5. Delete . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
6. Creating points . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
6.1. Rule of signs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
6.2. Tools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
6.3. Angel, arc, circle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
7. Creating of members . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
7.1. Indication of the files describing members . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
7.2. Shifting of members in longitudinal view . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
7.3. Shifting a member with the help of member anchors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
7.4. Creating of members in side view . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
7.5. Creating of plates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
8. Editing of members . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
8.1. Length modification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
8.2. Volume operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
9. Work on outline plates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
9.1. Work on: outline . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
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bocad-3D Editions - I
Basics I - Contents
10. Welded connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62

10.1. Automatic weld seam . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
10.2. Controls: Info Connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
11. Bolted connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
11.1. Terms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
11.2. Controls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
11.3. Work on bolt groups . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
12. Backup procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
12.1. After automatic query . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
12.2. Planned saving a point of procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
12.3. Saving when ending a session . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
12.4. Behaviour in case of program crash . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
13. Phases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
13.1. Creating a phase . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
13.2. Changing a phase . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
13.3. Controlling and editing the phase . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
14. Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
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bocad-3D Editions - II
Basics I. - General
1. General
1.1. History of bocad Software GmbH
1972
Development of a 3-D model for the steel construction

Decision in favour of a computer oriented 3D model which contained the first
ideas at the chair for steel construction at the Ruhr University Bochum
Basic functions for operations in the field of geometry, hidden lines, etc.
Development of a design language for steel construction companies
1977
Delivery of the first CAM program units

Shop drawing program
First post processors for NC machines
First 3D CAD program for the steel construction (CADBAU3)
1980
Foundation of the bocad engineer community (GbR)

First merely commercial installation of CADBAU3
1983
Foundation of bocad Software GmbH (31.08.83)

Business goal: Development, maintenance, distribution and training of software
for the building industry
15 companies use CADBAU3 as a mere batch system
1986
First installation of the graphically interactive version of bocad-3D

First application now as well in smaller companies and engineering offices
Modification of the program name form CADBAU3 in bocad-3D
First installation of the graphically interactive version (GKS) with tablet
1991
First installtation of bocad-NC
1992
Moving in the own company building
1993
First installations with MOTIF surface

First installtation of bocad-3D Roof & Wall
1994
First installtation of bocad-3D Glazing
1996
First PC version of bocad-3D

First installation of bocad-ST
First installation of bocad-3D Expert Tower
2000
First installation of bocad-PMR

First installation of the new bocad-3D Roof & Wall module
IAI interface
First CNC -interface in metal constructionMembership in the Open DWG
Alliance
First installation of bocad-3D Expert Small Fabricator
2003
Starting of bocad-NC version 7.5
2004
Starting of bocad-3D Editions and

bocad-3D Expert Small Fabricator in the versions 20
with Microsoft Windows surface
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bocad-3D Editions - 1 - 1
Basics I. - General
1.2. Hardware equipment of a bocad-3D workplace
Printer
"
Computer
"
"
"
"
"
Processor with recommended 2 GHZ

timing
with at least 512 MB main memory
Sufficient hard-disc drive
(0.5 GB fr bocad installation and with
additional memory for project data)
Operating system Microsoft Windows
2000/XP or Linux, eg. SuSe 9.0
bocad hardware dongle and valid license
Output of DIN A4 or DIN

A3
" Colour or monochrome
" If possible HPGL2 or
PCL5 (or higher) or for
postscript
Plotter
"
"
"
Output in DIN A0
Colour or monochrome
HPGL2 or PCL5 (or higher) or for postscript
Monitor / graphics board

"
minimum requirement 20 or 21
inch CRT or 17 or 19 inch TFT monitor
" graphics board with a minimum resolution of 1,280 * 1,024 pixel
" Solution with two monitors is possible
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Backup mediums
"
"
"
CD/DVD burner
DAT drive
Backup in the network
Basics I. - Project
2. Establishment of a project
2.1. Program starting

The program starting of the bocad program can be carried out in two different ways.
On the desktop (of the surface of the operating system) you will find an icon. By
double-clicking or simple clicking in combination with the return button bocad will be
started.
Another alternative is to change via the start bar of Windows below the menu point programs
into bocad and to load bocad-3D.
bocad will be now be started and two windows will appear. First a DOS window will appear.
Here the bocad program will be started.
The DOS window will
be registered automatically into the start
bar. It should not be
closed while working
with bocad-3D because that will cause a
program crash.
After the start of bocad the program will open with a license window which can be left by clicking the OK button in
order to get to the project processing of the program.
bocad licence window
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Basics I. - Project
2.2. File: New / Open

Establishment of a new project
After starting the program a new project must be
established before starting the design process.
Choose the menu item File in the menu bar.
In this context you will also find the term cascade (comprises e.g. Saving, copying, creating
of profiles, etc.) instead of menu bar.
After choosing the menu File you must use the
function New. A new dialogue window will open.
Here you can enter the name of the project.
File cascade
Display of already existing projects. If required, you can Delete or

overwrite with OK marked projects.
Preview window for already existing projectrelated drawings.
Here you will receive an

informative survey concerning the project data
for a marked project in
the left area.
Entry field for the

project name.
Creating a new project
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Basics I. - Project
2.3. Rules concerning directory names

There are the following rules concerning the project names:
"
Project names are composed only of small letters (capital letters will automatically transformed)
" Special signs, such as ' ! " $ % & / ( ) = ' as well as German special signs are not allowed
and will be rejected
" Numbers may be used
" Space characters in the project name are not allowed. Individual words, however, may be
connected by '_' (underline)
Examples for permissible names
Examples for not permitted names
small_hall
Extension of a STEELHALL
(no use of underlines)
roof_2004
canopy_(1265)
(no use of special signs)
After confirming the new file name by pressing the OK button, a file for the new project will be
created below the project directory ([installation drive]:\bocad\project). All data concerning the
project will be stored in that file. Those data include e.g. all created members, created drawings
or parts lists, but also project-related settings you carried out in bocad.
2.4. Input of project data

After establishing a new project you can determine more details. These details are always
available in the current project and can e.g. be evaluated for the parts lists or the drawing generation. The dialogue box bocad Start new project has two different input areas: the area
above is for the input of project data; the area below is for the definition of a basic grid (we will
later give more details about that):
Entry area
for project
data
Entry area
for project
data the basic grid
Visualization of the
basic grid at activated preview
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Basics I. - Project
Considering now the area above, you will find four entries. But there are more entries in that
box. Click on the tab Details in order to make those entries visible:
Tab for extended project data
Now you can set more entries. Theses entries can be modified later by the menu point Structure choosing the function Project data.
Later editing of the project data
Here no rules, such as during the determination of the project name, must be observed. Click
the mouse in the corresponding line in order to enter the name (be sure to delete the default
underline; otherwise it will appear again later).
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Basics I. - Operation of bocad
3. Operating of bocad
3.1. Program surface

The program surface consists of the main window with the menu, icon and status bar and the
working area. In that area you can open and arrange (member) views for your project processing in subordinate windows.
Standard area for icon bars

Menu line
Working area
Headline of the main window
Status line
View window
Trace window (here minimized)
View window with basic dimetry
Menu bar
The menu bar is below the header of the main window and contains all processing functions of
the program (arranged according to subjects). Click a menu point in order to open the required
menu cascade.
Menu bar in bocad
Cascade
In the documentation of bocad the individual menus are also called cascades. There you will
find the functions of a selected menu. By clicking on the relevant entries you will start the required program function.
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Status Line
You will find the status line at the bottom of the program window. It is subdivided into five horizontal areas. In the individual areas you will find information about:
1.
3.
2.
4.
5.
Areas of the status line
Display of input readiness: That function will show you, similar to a traffic light, whether at the
moment a program input is possible or not (e.g. during longer calculations or a security query).
Program is occupied
Program entry possible
1. Display of the message. After choosing a function via the menu you will receive information
about each function you want to carry out.
2. Display of the currently chosen working or design step.
3. Display of the currently chosen pick mode (compare chapter Operating of bocad: pick mode).
4. Display of the phase plane. Here you see the phase plane you are working in. As long as
you do not create a new phase plane, all design Steps refer to Phase plane 1: design Stepp
(compare chapter Phase plane).
Trace window
An additional window of the working area opens automatically when starting the program and
shows the bocad-3D trace in which you can find indications and possible error messages. In
the first line of the trace you will also find the revision number after starting the program.
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The trace window has the same functions as the views windows. It can, however, not be closed.
Trace window
3.2. Symbol bars

All important functions of the bocad system can not only be realised via the menus but as well
via categorised symbol bars. Since in real working conditions never all existing symbol bars are
required at the same time - and the simultaneous representation of some hundred individual
symbols would be extremely confusing - , the necessary functions can be determined individually, depending on the working condition and habit.
3.2.1.Example: Activate symbol

bar
The check mark in

front the entry indicates that the symbol
box is already activated, i.e. it has already
been placed!
Procedure
"
Drag your mouse pointer to the

menu bar
" Click the right mouse button in order to open the context menu (see
right side).
" Choose a menu entry, e.g. View.
Result
The context menu will be closed and,
during the first choice, the chosen
symbol box will be automatically registered above, in the second line. There you can also remove the box and
place it individually at any place of the
working area.
Via Line up you can

arrange the symbol
boxes automatically.
By clicking the entry
all activated symbol
boxes will be summarized forward or upward, i.e. in a placesaving way.
If you have already activated a box

before and placed it to another place,
it will be placed at the former place in
case of a new activation.
If you open again the context menu - as explained before you will see a check mark in front
of the menu entry of the selected and visible symbol box. That check mark indicates that the
relevant box is activated and visible on the screen.
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3.3. Pickmodus
The pickmodus is a means to facilitate the easy and direct selection of elements which are very
close together. The correct selection of the pickmodus thus makes it possible to work precisely
and to avoid unintentional entries. The activated pickmodus will always be displayed in the status line and permits only the marking of the elements listed in the following survey:
Members
(catches member
edges and edges)
Member, bolts
and points
Points
(catches grid, pick
Bolts
(catches all connec- and database
tions, except for pop points)
marks, welds and
struct. connections)
Text
(catches any texts as
e.g. designations of
axes)
Dimensioning
(catches all dimensioning elements)
Plots-Lines (catches graphic

elements)
Weld seams
(catches only
weld seams)
Any
(catches any element types)
Free
(enables free marking without reference to elements)
For many functions, the selection of an adequate pickmodus is a significant working step. If the
function Delete a member, for example, requires the marking of a member and the pickmodus
is set on pick points, at that place no member can be chosen and the function can only be terminated when an adequate pickmodus is selected.
The function-oriented working is an essential feature of the pickmodus. Any modification of the
pickmodus will be valid for each step of the current function. Thus the pickmodus will not be
maintained until the next manual modification but will be switched into the latest modus or into
a reasonable default modus for every function and every working step. From that point of view
we have to do with intelligent functions. They adjust themselves to the individual working processes and thus support in particular repeated design steps.
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Execution of the function Splitting members
First functional application
Second functional application
First step:
Select member to work on
Members
(Indication in case of
this function)
Second step:
Indicate section plane
free
(stored from last
functional application)
Third step:
Select waste side of the member
Members
this function)
Members
this function)
Points (will here be manually changed

to free)
Members
this function)
Pickmodus at the beginning of each working step
Behaviour of the pickmodus concerning function and working step
3.4. The mouse in bocad

Parameter button
Functional
The mouse on the

mousepad leads the
cursor on the screen.
Representation button
Left mouse button = functional button

!
Choose functions:
Click the menu entries by a simple pressing of the mouse button;
Choose elements:
Depending on the required function pick e.g. a grid, point or member by a simple pressing
of the mouse button;
(Individual) choice of element:

Press the shift button on your keyboard and keep that button pushed. Now pick step by
step all required elements by a simple pressing of your mouse button;
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Confirm choice of element (individual):

Confirm your choice of element by double clicking the latest element.
(Multiple) choice of element:

Press you left mouse button and keep it pressed. Now draw a frame around your selected
elements. Then release the button. When you draw the frame from the left side below to the
right side above, all elements within the frame will be selected. If you proceed the other way
around (i.e. from the right side above to the left side below), all elements which are positioned and in touch with the frame will be marked as selected;
Confirm choice of element (multiple):

Press the return button
on your keyboard if you want to confirm elements you selected
with the help of a lasso.
Middle button = Representation button

!
Refresh representation:
Press again the middle mouse button. Thus "empty surfaces" as the result of deleting elements can be filled again with still existing elements (e.g. grid lines).
Zoom in:
Press the middle mouse button and keep it pressed. Now draw a frame around the area you
want to represent.
Zoom out:
If you want to return the last representation after zooming something out, simply press the
middle mouse button;
Shift representation:
Press your middle mouse button and keep it pressed. Now draw a narrow frame in order to
shift the view. If you draw the frame from the left side below to the right side, the representation will be shifted to the right side, from the right side to the left side you will achieve a
shift to the let side. The same function can be achieved for the other two directions. the width
of the shift will be determined by the length of the frame.
Right button = Parameter button

!
Load parameter box:

After choosing a function you can load the relevant parameter box by a simple pressing of
your right mouse button. In the parameter box you can carry out special settings for the
function.
3.5. Keyboard layout

Especially in the case of frequent working steps the use of keyboard commands can be very
much quicker than the input with the help of the mouse and menus. Such keyboard commands
or short cuts are also available in bocad.
Explanation of functions of keyboard combinations
The individual function of keyboard combinations is dependent on the context of the relevant
application. Such contexts are:
!
!
!
!
Input of coordinates,
Selection of element with a special polygonal Lasso,
Selection of command,
Initial contex.
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Input of coordinates (K)

In this context, the coordinates for further processing within the current command will be determined.
polygonal Lasso (L)
In this context, the elements within the polygonal frame for further processing within the current
command will be determined.
Selection of elements (E)
In this context, the elements for further processing within the current command will be determined (picked, selected).
Selection of command (H)
Here you can repeat former commands which are also known as history function.
Initial context (I)
After starting the program or if no command is activated you are in the initial context.
Explanation of keyboard combinations exceeding the context
BREAK
CANCEL
(Interrupt.),
Abort of the current command, leave the current context, return to the initial context
Ctrl+k, Page-Up
Change into the context of selection of commands, at

the same time selection of preceding commands
Ctrl+c
Copy of element references in the intermediate storage,

abort of the current command
Ctrl+v
Use of the reference element from the intermediate

storage at a coordinate which has to be entered
Ctrl+z
Model-Undo
Shift+Ctrl+Z
Model-Redo
Shift+A
Refresh view (new drawing)
Shift+D
Recalculate the current section, if necessary with call
Shift+U
Starting graphic Undo for the current window, a red

icon will appear on the left side above in the system
menu
Ctrl+U
Deactivating graphic Undo for the current window, a

blue icon will appear on the left side above in the system
menu
(minus)
Graphic Undo
+ (plus)
Graphic Redo
Ctrl+TAB
Browsing opened windows in bocad one after another,

i.e. activate and load into the foreground.
Ctrl+Shift+TAB
Browsing opened windows in bocad in reverse order.
The graphic Undo will be activated for each window. The indicator is the system menu icon.
This window is protected against modifications in the model as long as the graphic Undo is activated. After deactivating the graphic Undo or closing the window or the drawing file the Undo
information will be no longer available.
There is no additional keyboard input for the initial context. The following additional keyboard
combinations are valid in the context of the selection of commands.
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Ctrl+j, Page-Down
Selection of the next command in the list
Ctrl+k, Page-Up
Selection of the preceding command in the list
Enter, Return
Execute the selected command and leave the context

of the selection of command
Explanation of the keyboard combinations for the element selection

t
Place pickmodus on members
Pickmodus on members, bolts, pickpoints
Pickmodus on points
Pickmodus on any element
Place pickmodus on text
Free pickmodus
Delete
Empty picklist
Backspace
Remove last element from picklist
Return, Enter
Confirm picklist, start action
left
Go the beginning of the picklist, cancel selection
Right, Shift+Return
Take over element from preceding picklist
Above, Ctrl+Return
Take over all elements from preceding picklist
Below
Reset last element
Ctrl+Backspace,
Ctrl+Down, end
Reset last pick action (also Lasso)
Insert
Load context dialog (right mouse button)
ll
Change into polygonal Lasso context
Explanation of the keyboard combinations for the polygonal Lasso

ESC,
BREAK
(Interrupt.), CANCEL
Abort of the polygon admission, leave the current context, return to the preceding context
Shift+A
Refresh view (new drawing)
Enter, Return
Execute the selected Lasso polygon and leave the polygon admission
Explanation of the keyboard combinations for the input of coordinates

The keyboard combinations for the context of the selection of elements are also valid for the
context of the input of coordinates:
u
Set origin and width for coordinates from grid
Change into coordinates from grid
Change to free coordinates
Freeze the Y-coordinate, only X is variable
Freeze the X-coordinate, only Y is variable
oo
Orthogonal modus, the respective major coordinate direction is variable, the

smaller one will be frozen.
Cancel x,y,o
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Basics I. - Grid data
4. Input of grid data
4.1. Geometrical construction, coordinate directions

The grid forms a cube (and can only be created in that form). The cube will be defined by the
input of the grid coordinates. The user chooses those coordinates at the beginning of every
project. Here it makes sense to choose a grid with dimensions which are as similar as possible
as those of the design. You can use e.g. the axes for the building as basis for the selection of
the coordinates.
A selected grid can always be
supplemented by new ones
(e.g. for secondary members)
or be edited later. Thus, a
cube can also be taken as the
basis of the design of complex
buildings.
By defining the first basic grid
the position of the global coordinate system will be determined. All grids which are
created later refer to that origin, even if the first grid will be
replaced by another one during the design process.
The zero point of the coordinate systems is in the lower right
corner of the basis dimetry.
The first grid receives the grid
number 0. The following grids
receive serial numbers.
Basic grid in bocad
Considering the dialog box bocad Start New project, the input of the basic grid of the building
(tab Project/Grid) has three groups of input lines: One line each in X, Y and Z direction with
the corresponding designation of the grid (axis-row-level names).
Entry area for basic building grid
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Basic information concerning input

The basic input in x and y direction is always possible for relative values, i.e. the entered values
describe the distances between the individual grid levels. The input of the value z will be made
as an absolute value.
That default value can be modified by placing the following abbreviation (incl. double point!) in
front of the catchment's values:
r: r: for a change form absolute to relative values
a: a: for a change form relative to absolute values
You can also start with zero for the catchment's values. It can also be started with a negative
value. If you use negative values the grid will not start in the original coordinates but in the corresponding value before. In case of the following input:
x: -5000,1500,500,3500
the grid will start 5000 mm in negative x direction, then it will continue with a positive distance
of 1500 mm, 500 mm and 3500 mm. In this case the original coordinates are within the grid (the
original coordinates can be displaced via View / Edit / Properties).
Simple input of the values over individual sections
The following catchment's values will be separated by a comma. e.g.:
x: 0,5000,2500,500,2500
A grid will be created with the distances of 5000 mm, 2500 mm, 500 mm and 2500 mm.
In the case of z values the entered values are really levels and not distances like in the case of
x and y. Thus the following input has the following meaning:
z: 0,1250,2750,5200
That levels will be created at 0, at 1250 mm, at 2750 mm and at 5200 mm.
4.2. Replicator sign

Reduced input of values in case of repeating sections
If you have sections with the same dimensions you can reduce the input of values. If you normally write e.g.:
x: 0,2500,2500,2500
You can also define the repeating distances as follows:
x: 0,3:2500
The result would be the same: In both cases, three sections with each a distance of 2500 mm
will be created.
Reduced input of values in case of repeating areas
If you have areas with the same dimensions, you must not enter the values for these areas as
follows:
x: 0,250,1000,1000,250,250,1000,1000,250,250,1000,1000,250
Alternatively you can also give a reduced input by summarizing an area in square brakkets:
x: 0,3:[250,2:1000,250]
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If you apply any of both notations, three areas with a distance of 250 mm, 1000 mm, 1000 mm
and 250 mm will be established when the grid is created.
Note:
You can as well combine the different notations in one input line. In this case be
sure to separate the sections and areas by a comma.
4.3. Axis-row-level names

Standard designation of axis and rows
As a standard you will find in bocad numbers for the names of the axis - starting with the number 1 and capital letters for the names of rows starting with the letter A. That allocation of
numbers and letters is automatic if no other values are entered in the input lines for the names
of the axis and the rows.
Modified designation of axis and rows
You can modify the standard designation of the axis by entering numbers, letters or combinations of letters. All entries of a line will only be separated by a comma. Here you will find some
example for possible alternatives:
M
By entering one letter or one number you will determine a new starting letter or a new starting number for the designation. If no other
entries are carried out, the letters and/or the numbers of the designation of the axis will continue automatically.
G,First,H
If you have exactly three axes/rows, these will be designated in the

above mentioned way. If you have more than three axes/rows, only
the first three ones will be designated that way. The designation of
the following axes/rows will refer to the last letter and/or the last number and continue on that basis. Suppose the last entry would e.g. be
First. The next designation of the axis would then be Firsu, then
Firsv.
Note:
The automatic designation of the alternative A which continues after B is

for the time being not possible because bocad refers to the last sign and not to
the first.
Level description
The default letter for the level description is K.That letter will be placed continuously in front of
all level indications. If you want to have special designations for levels you must enter the required designation for each level. If you enter for example an additional designation after the
letter K, only the second level will receive that designation. The following levels will receive
again the first input - the letter K.
Grid designations spelled/numbered backwards
Depending on the input for the names of axes and rows the order of the grid designations can
be modified by clicking the icons
/
. Instead of continuing the usual way of counting or
spelling the indicated letter / the indicated number will be spelled / numbered backwards by
clicking the icons.
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Examples of input for grid elements

Grid elements
Input
Axes and rows
Level
Result
B, C, D, E,
.....
9,14
9, 14, 15, 16, ...
3F
3F, 3G, 3H, ...
K [Height]
Floor, eaves, roofridge
Floor [Height], eaves [Height],

Roofridge [Height]
Floor+, eaves+, roofridge+
Floor+ [Height], eaves+ [Height]

roofridge+ [Height]
4.4. Structure: Modify properties

Later you can modify properties of existing grids, both of the entire grid and individual grid
elements.
In the menu entry Structure you will find the function Attributes in Grid element. When you
load that function, a dialog box will open. In that box you can make the relevant settings for
modifying grids:
Later modifying of
grid properties
4.4.1.
Grid name
Each created grid can have both an unambiguous (automatic) number and a grid name. Normally, that name will be immediately determined at the creation of the grid. But you can also
modify the name later by activating the option Grid name in the dialog box Modify properties
in the area above in Grid and by entering the new name in the entry field on the right side.
The same procedure is valid for the edition of the pen number. Here the old pen number for
visible / invisible must be replaced by new ones.
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In order to make modifications visible after the editing process, if they not appear automatically,
you should recalculate at least in the current window.
Confirm you input with OK and the box will disappear and in the status bar of bocad will appear
a message explaining the necessary steps of that function: Pick axis-row-level 1. Double click
on any text element of that grid whose name shall be modified.
Note:
4.4.2.
The continuous recalculating of graphics would occupy too much capacity of the
computer, especially in the case of bigger designs. You can, however, carry out
any time a manual recalculating in any drawing window by clicking the icon
.
Name of element
As well as you can modify the name of the entire grid, you can also adjust individual designation
elements. For doing that load again the dialog box Attributes.
Note:
If you have modified the grid name during the preceding step, you can now open
again the dialog box by clicking the right button of your mouse. This is a principle
you will always find in bocad: once you choose a function, it will remain activated until you choose another one. So long you can reach the parameters of the
function by clicking your right mouse button.
Deactivate, if necessary, the option Grid name and activate then the option axis-row-level in
the area Element. Enter the new name in the entry field on the right side and then confirm your
input with OK.
Follow the information of the messages and pick one or several grid elements by clicking (for
each element) your left mouse button. Terminate your input by double clicking. The selected
grid elements will now receive a new name.
4.5. Create grid

Additional grids will be created with the function Grid: Create in the menu Structure. In that
case it has to be assured that all values of grid data always refer to the global coordinate system.
Entering of vaules
for additional grids
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The settings of the new grid including the grid name will be set the dialog window of the
function. If you want to create the new grid with a distance in x and/or y direction referred to the
original point, you have to enter the values of these distances instead of the default zero value.
Adjust the grids to existing ones in order to avoid that they are directly overlapping. Therefore,
they should be continued in a logical way. New grids will receive in addition to their name as
well an additional, continuously upwards counting grid number for their unequivocal identification.
4.6. Delete grid

If you want to delete a grid, be sure that always at least one grid will be left. Therefore it is not
permissible to delete the last grid. For deleting a grid load again the menu point Structure >
Grid: Delete. The dialog box Delete grid will open.
Mark the grid you want to delete by simply clicking your mouse button and leave the dialog box
with OK. The query Delete correct? will appear. The grid will only be deleted if that query will
be answered with Yes - that query will appear, however, only if you activated before the option
Delete grid with query in the dialog box..
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Basics I. - Main views
5. Main views
The designing process with bocad-3D is based in so called main views which represent twodimensional planes within the global coordinate system. These working surfaces for the design
process are defined by three points and each surface has an individual, local coordinate system.
Plane of main picture and coordinate system
The plane of the view always extends over the X and the Y direction with the Z axis showing
from the plane into the direction of the viewer (similar to the three-fingers-rule). All functions
concerning main view planes are below the menu point View.
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5.1. Change
Depending on the working process it will be necessary to change current design view in the
main view window. Due to the default setting main views for all grid planes will already be created when the project is established. Activate the function View > Main view: Change in order
to change into the currently displayed view.
Change of the view plane
All existing main views will be listed in the opening dialog box. The represented plane of the
design can be changed by choosing a view and confirming it with OK.
5.2. Additional ! Main view

In bocad it is possible to dispose more than one main view in the working area in order to work
in several views at the same time. For doing that you can open an additional main view via the
menu point View > Additional view: Main view. As well as in the case of changing the main
view you must choose first of all an existing main view. After confirmation a dialog box will appear in which you can adjust the representation type of the additional view.
After activating the option With new viewport and confirming the dialog box with OK, the previously selected main view will be opened in an additional window.
Alternatively it is also possible to arrange different main views in one single window. For doing
that the option With new viewport must be deactivated. After confirming the dialog you can
determine with you mouse pointer a lower position on the left side for the view to be inserted
by following the message Pick view location in an existing window.
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5.3. Create via grid elements

Creating views via grid elements is comparatively the easiest possibility to create new main
views. If you want to create views for new grid elements or to modify the properties of an existing view, based on the a.m. procedure, you only need to determine the position in order to
define the view by indicating the corresponding axis, row or level.
The settings for this function are carried out after activating the function via View > Main view/
Create in the dialog box Create main view via point-grid-view and then the selection of the
option Pick: Grid name.
This dialog box contains various
settings. For the time being,
however, only one setting is interesting for us. The options
with axis or against axis permit
the selection of the view direction on a plane. Here the global
coordinate system is referred to:
Against the axis means against
the direction of the positive global coordinate axis, i.e. you must
determine from which side you
want to look at the plane before
creating the plane. Lets take a
simple example: you can look at
any surface of a cube from the
inside (you are in the building) or
from the outside (viewer stands
in front of the building).
View against axis
... and with axis
Since this function permits to create various main views in one working process, the view directions for axis, rows and levels can be switched separately. If you want to replace existing
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main views, you must also activate the option Overwrite existing viewport. Otherwise a message would indicate that existing views can not be replaced.
After confirming the settings with OK, the dialog box will disappear and you can pick grid elements in any view. Terminate your input by double clicking or pressing the return button and
the new views will be created.
5.4. Create via points

The creation of the view via points will be carried out by indicating three points defining the plane. The creation via points, compared with the automatic creation of a view, has the advantage
that the adjustment of the plane can be determined by the order of the points. Activate the
function in View > Main view: Create and in the opening dialog box by selecting the option
Pick: 2-3 points. Enter the name of the plane you want to create in the entry line. You should
use logical names for the planes so that the position can be easily recognized, e.g. axis_3,
row_5, level_First, etc.
After confirming the dialog box with OK the message Pick plane point 1 between min. 2 and
max. 3. During the picking process the currently entered point will be displayed in the message.
You can use the basic dimetry for picking the points or any other view or spatial representation.
In the later view, the first pikked point forms the origin of the coordinate system and is positioned below in the left corner of the view. The second point defines the direction of the X axis.
Later, it will extend from the first to the second point and is positioned at the inferior edge of the
view. The last point defines the direction of the Y axis. Here, it is not important whether the
third point is orthogonally on the first one, but that point is only there for indicating the direction
of the positive axis. Finally, you must confirm that point by double clicking or by pressing the
return button. Thus the view is defined.
5.5. Delete
All created main views can as well be deleted. So you may delete, for reasons of clarity, unnecessary views from the view list. The only main view you can never delete is the global plane.
For deleting views choose the function Main view: Delete in the menu View. In the dialog window of that function all existing views are listed. You select individual views by mouse clicking
and confirming with OK.
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Examples for creating views

The following examples shall give a practical understanding of the function of the described
creation of views via points. The main focus will be on the connection between the picking order of the three plane points and the resulting view.
Example 1
First point: B1/bottom
level
(origin)
3.
Second point: A1/Bottom level

(defined X axis)
Third point: B1/level
3000
(defined Y axis)
1.
2.
Picked plane and view

direction
Example 1:
Created main view
Y
X
The result is a place corresponding to the grid element
(axis 1). The viewer is outside
the building looking at the interior of the building.
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Example 2
First point: B2/Bottom
level
(Origin)
3.
Second point: B1/Bottom level

(defined X axis)
4500
(defined Y axis)
1.
2.
direction
Example 2:
Created main view
Y
X
The result of this point order is
a plane (grid element row B)
which are viewed from the interior of the building.
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Example 3:
First point: !1/level 3000
(origin)
3.
Second point: A2/level

3000 (defined X axis)
4500
(defined Y axis)
2.
1.

direction
Example 3: Created main

view
Y
X
The result is a roof plane.
The viewer looks from outside at this inclined plane.
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Basics I. - Points
6. Creating points
When designing with bocad, the designer/engineer orientates himself with the help of different
spatial points. That may be points created by grids (grid points) or by a member (e.g. outline
points of a HEA profile) or via the menu point Points. In bocad there is a classification of different types of points.
Grid points
Grid points are created via the grid input (compare Input of grid data). They are represented
as and are visible in all views and can only be deleted together with the grid elements.
Pick points
Pick points are created via the menu Points or the symbol bar Points Normal. They are only
visible in the view in which they were created and are represented as , like grid points. They
can either be deleted via the menu point Points (function Delete point) or via the symbol Delete point.
Symbol bar Point Normal
DB-points
DB-points are created by transforming existing grid or pick points. DB-points are visible in any
view and are represented with a drawback line and a serial number.
You can delete them via the function Points > Delete point with the setting DB-points (or any)
within the corresponding dialog box which will appear after clicking you right mouse button:
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Basics I. - Points
Points 2D/3D
Various functions in the menu Point either consider the creation of points in the plane (2D) or
in the space (3D), for example, the functions Add or Projection. You will find in several
functions the option With Z coordinate for distinguishing whether the creation of points will be
carried out two or three dimensionally, i.e. whether the third axis shall be considered in case of
picked points. Depending on you requirements that option can be switch in or off.
6.1. Rule of signs

All actions serving to create points refer to a previously created point (or to a grid point). Normally a measure (in mm) or an angle (in grade) will be rotated from an existing point. These
entries can be both positive and negative. It is also possible to enter repeating values as discussed in the chapter Entry of grid data.
An angle in the bocad system is defined in the mathematically positive sense, i.e. it is positive
if it turns anti-clockwise. You need a local coordinate system in order to enter a positive or negative dimension. This coordinate system is defined by the order of the points.
Y
Point
Point 1
Point 2
Sign
Direction
As well as in the case of creating a plane the first clicked point is defined as the origin of the
coordinate. The second point defines the direction of the x axis. The y direction is positioned
vertically on the x axis. Therefore dimensions will be registered on their respective axis in dependence of their signs. Positive signs may not be written in front of a dimension. In case of
negative values it is obligatory to set a minus sign.
6.1.1.
Perpendicular
With the function Perpendicular you can create one or several points from two existing ones.
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Basics I. - Points
pendicularly to the original points. Among other things, the dialog box Perpendicular shows
the input line for entering the dimensions of the distances with their sign (if negative).
The input is a relative value. Therefore you can create several points with always the same
distances. If you want e.g. to determine the geometric positions (points) of the rafters on a purlin, so you can enter 4 : 500 in the input line. As a result four new points will be drawn with
a relative distance of 500 mm between each point. You may add additional points with different
distances by separating them by commas.
After entering the dimensions you leave the box with OK In the message you will see Pick
Point 1. After clicking the first point the message Pick Point 2 will follow. After picking
point 2 the program will calculate the points and display them on the screen:
Distance
created Point
Point 2
Point 1
6.1.2.
Parallel
The function Parallel is similar to the function Perpendicular. Here two new points will be created in the defined distance, parallel to the two picked points.
As in the case of the creation of points via the perpendicular, the distance of the parallel points
can be positive or negative. A - quicker - alternative for indicating a negative distance instead
of a positive one is to reverse the pick order of point 1 and point 2.
Distance
created Points
Point 2
Point 1
6.1.3.
Lengthen
With the help of two points on the line a third one can be created in one distance. That distance
refers to the second picked point and can be both positive and negative. In case of positive values the point will be created in direction of the axis (first point is origin, second one indicates
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Basics I. - Points
the direction). In case of negative values the point will be created against the positive axis direction.
Point 1
Point 2
created Point
Distance
That function can as well be used in the 3D area. For doing that you will find the option with Z
coordinates in the parameter box. If that option is activated you can create a point with 3D
coordinates in a perspective view. For doing that you must pick the points in a perspective view.
If you work with the same setting (option with Z coordinate active) in one plane, the point will
be projected into the plane. .
created Point
Point 2
a
st
Di
e
nc
Point 1
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Basics I. - Points
6.2. Tools
6.2.1.
Add
With the function Add you can create new points by adding distance values for the X, Y and Z
axis with reference to existing points.
The input of 1:100 or only 100 in the line dx of an existing point in local x direction, for instance, will create a new point with a distance of 100 mm. Correspondingly, the input of 3:100
in the line dy will create three points with a distance of each 100 mm from the original point in
the local y direction.
The input for the value dz will only be considered if the option With Z coordinate is activated
and the original point is picked in a perspective view.
6.2.2.
Mirror
One important function in the point package is the function Mirror. Two picked points form the
mirror axis (pick point 1 and/or pick point 2 of the mirror axis). After defining
that axis you can mirror as many points as you like. For doing that you only have to pick these
points (pick point 1, 2, 3, ). The last point will be confirmed with a double click or with
the return button.
created Point 3
Point 2
Point 2 of axis
created Point 1
ra
rro
i
M
xis
Point 3
Point 1 of axis
Point 1
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created Point 2
Basics I. - Points
6.2.3.
Divide line
In the menu Point you will find the function Divide line. In the selection list of the dialog box
you will find various possible settings for creating several new points via an existing line.
The division of the line can be realised by Number of points, Maximum field length, Rest
P2, Rest P1, Rest P1&P2 or Free input.
Division of line with Number of points

The division of line with Number of points divides a straight line represented by two points
by a defined number of points. For doing that you can enter the number of intermediate
points in the dialog box of the function. After confirming the box with OK you must then pick
the two end points of the straight line in accordance with the indications of the messages.
Division of line with maximum field length
The setting with maximum length has a similar function as the setting with Number of
points. However, instead of a number of points a maximum distance value will be indicated,
i.e. the systems will calculate a regular division of the length which is smaller or equal in
comparison with that dimension.
Division of the line with Rest P2 / Rest P1 / Rest P1&P2
These settings are similar concerning their functions. As in the case with setting with maximum length an existing line will be divided. The division is, however, precise. Due to the
precise division rests, i.e. lines will remain which are smaller than the indicated dimension.
These can be distributed with different setting at different places. The rest lengths can either
be distributed to point 1 (with rest P1) or point 2 (with rest P2). It is as well possible to distribute regularly to both points (rest P1&P2).
Division of line with free input
With the help of this function you can realise a division of line between minimum and maximum values. For doing that you must indicate the minimum and maximum values for the
areas edge 1, field and edge 2. Then a regular division within these values will be created.
The value delta defines the approximation of the values in millimetres. The bocad system
always orientates itself to the maximum values. After confirming the dialog box the usual
messages will appear.
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6.2.4.
Intersection
The procedure of the intersection will calculate a new point on the basis of four given points,
i.e. the intersection. After loading that function the message will ask for the first two points, i.e.
the points of the first imaginary line. Then the points of the second line will follow. The two lines
which may not be parallel will finally be intersected.
Point 3
Point 1
Point 4
created Point
Point 2
The function Graphic intersection offers a similar function. The only difference is that here no
points but lines can be directly picked. These lines will then indicate as well the individual intersection.
6.3. Angel, arc, circle

6.3.1.
Rotate angle
In addition to the described function which are carried out with the help of X and Y coordinates,
there are function working with angle functions. These functions include the function Rotate
angle. That function creates a point on the circle arc via two pick points or via an indication of
an axis which refers to the local coordinate system.
In the dialog box Rotate angle you must enter a degree number in the input field Angle. Here,
the rule of signs is applied as well. If the default setting Basic line: Pick is switched on and the
box left by confirming with OK, the message will ask to pick two points. After defining the imaginary line, a new point will be created. That point will be rotated around the first pick point in
the indicated angle and the distance first to the second pick point.
created Point
Angle
Point 1
Point 2
If you activate +/- X or +/- Y you will need only one point. Based on this point, an angle referring
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to a new point will rotate in the chosen Distance in direction of the local coordinate axis. Both
signs and input rules are fully valid.
created Point
Angle
Pickpoint
Distance
(here in positive X-direction)
6.3.2.
Divide an angle in half
This function will create a new point via three pick points. First of all, the message will require
a centre of a circle and then an additional point on an imaginary circle. The third point defines
an angle which refers to the centre of the circle. The new point will rotate in the middle of the
angle, on the circle.
Point 3
created Point
Point 1
6.3.3.
Point 2
Divide arc
The function Divide arc creates any number of points, on an arc with regular division, via three
pick points or two pick points and the angle data. For doing that, the following indication are
required in the function's dialog box: angle if the option Angle is activated, and the number of
points to be created.
After confirming the box with OK the pick points will be selected. The bocad system will then
create in regular distances a new number of points limited by the second and third pick point
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Day of training - part 2
or by the arc around the first pick point and limited by the angle.
Point 3
created
Points
Angle
Point 1
6.3.4.
Point 2
Intersection Circle - Line, Circle - Circle
In the menu Points > Circle intersection you will find the functions Circle-Line and CircleCircle. With the help of these functions you can create new points as intersections to an imaginary circle. The first step for both functions is identical: first of all, a circle will be defined by
two picked points centre of the circle and radial circle point. During the following working
steps this circle will be emphasised with the help of an helpline.
Intersection Circle - Line
Concerning this function, in the second step you must pick a line via two points. When calculating the intersections the extension of the line will be considered as well. The new points will
be created at both intersections with the circle.
Intersection Circle - Circle
In this function an additional circle will be picked in the second Step. The two new points will
then be created at the intersections of the second circle with the first circle.
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7. Creating of members
In the basic setting of bocad you can create all standard profiles (such as UB, UC, RSC, RHS,
etc), members with geometries to be determined (e.g. plates or bars), cold rolled sections
(ZKRUPP, STABA, etc.) and catalogue profiles, e.g. for glazing and metal construction.
Activate the function for creating of profiles in the menu point Members > Create profile. Then,
typical for the working style in bocad, you can open the dialog box Create profiles < Members
by clicking your right mouse button:
Selection of the profile type to be created:

"Standard profiles as well as profiles with geometries to be determined
"Cold rolled sections
"Profiles from given or customers' individual catalogues
(Optional) preview of the set position parameter and the selected

profile type - the eye symbol indicates here the view direction on
the creating plane.
Settings of the preview
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7.1. Indication of the files describing members

7.1.1.
Initial mark number

The initial mark number serves for preliminary numbering of created members. It is characterised by 'S' (for start position) and a
number, e.g. 'S300'. The definite numbering will be carried out later by the positioning.
The initial mark number has two properties. With the first property you can structure the numbering process. So the entry (default is 1) indicates the start value for the numbering of the position number.
For example, you can link number starting with 300 to such members as e.g. roof purlins. For
doing that you must enter 300 in the entry line. Unless you modify the number all created members will receive from now on an initial mark number starting with the set value 300 (numbers
will be counted upwards).
The other main function of the initial mark number is to set members in accordance with parts
lists or to create them as null position. Null positions are members at the site as e.g. bases or
as well steel components not belonging to the delivery scope; therefore, they receive the initial
mark number '0'.
7.1.2.
Designation
The designation is a precise description concerning a member. For example, you can define a
member, in addition to the name (profile), in its function, e.g. as support, beam, etc. You must
not comply any convention when entering your description in the relevant entry line beside the
designation. You can open a list containing various designations by clicking the button besides the entry line:
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Note:
7.1.3.
The selected designation will be later a relevant distinguishing characteristic during the positioning. Concerning other properties such as profile and lengths,
identical members will be positioned with different numbers if they have different
designations.
Profile types
As mentioned before you will find various profile types as default entries in the bocad system.
You must observe the designation of profiles in order to find them when they will be created. If
you make no entry in the dialog box Create profiles < Members besides the button Profile
and then click it you will open a profile list.
The profile list contains all standard profiles of the bocad profile database including all usual
profiles in steel construction. In addition to the profiles of the list you can create profiles with
individual geometries, at example plates PL (see the following tables concerning profile types).
Now you can select the required profile form the profile list. The existing list is very extensive
and the user will be faced with the problem to browse to entire list. One useful function in the
window Profile list (as in other profile windows in bocad) is the possibility of jumping in the
alphabetically sorted list by entering letters. For doing that you must mark any entry in the list
with the help of your mouse. If you now enter a letter the mark will jump the first entry of this
list beginning with that letter. By quickly entering a combination of letters (e.g. 'IP') you can also
search profiles beginning with those letters.
The second search help for he profile list is a filtered list, i.e. the indicated list can be reduced
to one certain profile type. For doing that you must first of all enter the name of that row in the
entry line beside the button Profile, e.g. IPE. If you click then the button Profile you will only
receive the profiles of the IPE row:
Of course, you have also the possibility in bocad to enter the profile type of a profile row directly, e.g. IPE300. Especially in this case you must observe a particular notation (compare with
the following tables).
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Standard profiles
Profile type
Notation
Example
HEA
HEAh or HEhA
HEA100 or HE100A
IPE
IPEh or IPhA
IPE300 or IP300E
Profiles with individual geometric dimensions
Plates
Profile type
Notation
BLd*h
BL10*240
Edged U-profiles
BLUh*b*d
BLU200*80*8
Edged L-profiles
BLLh*b*d
BLL200*80*8
Flat bar
FLh*d
FL100*8
Squared timber
KHh*b
KH100*30 [cm]
Rectangular hollowed
MSHh*b*d
MSH100*200*8
Rectangular section (RHS)
MSHh*d
MSH200*8
Square tube round-edged
QRRh*d
QRR200*8
Square tube sharp-edged
QRSh*d
QRS200*8
Rectangular tube roundedged
RRRh*b*d
RRR200*100*8
Rectangular sharp-edged
RRSh*b*d
RRS200*100*8
Square
VKh
VK60
Tubes
TUBEh*d
TUBE100*8
Round iron bar
ROUNDd
ROUND10
Plate girder
BTfh*fd*sh*sd
BT300*30*1200*15
Acronyms:
Example
h = height
w = width
th = thickness
tf = thickness of flange
hf = height of flange
hw = height of web
tw = thickness of web
Note:
7.1.4.
In the case of standard profiles you can use as well -I-profiles. For doing that
you must enter e.g. 1/2IPE300 in the dialog box. In the case of plates there is
for example an unlimited variety of geometries. Therefore, they are for the time
being not included in the profile list. After shifting a plate this will automatically
be adopted in this list.
Materials
Via the button Material you can open a selection list which contains all usual material names.
Here you can select any entry and link it to the profile.
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7.2. Shifting of members in longitudinal view

In case of this type of creat a member with its longitudinal axis will be placed parallel to the reference plane. Normally the reference plane is here identical with the plane of picking of that
view in which the first member-defining point will be picked.
7.2.1.
Number of generation points
You can carry out the creating of members in long view via one or various points. The first pickpoint always determines the origin or the start of the longitudinal axis. The following determination of length and alignment of the member is dependent on the setting of the option Points.
:Creating via a point:
If you shift a member only by picking the original point you will determine the length of the
member with the help of a fixed value to enter in the dialog window. The member direction will
be calculated via the value Angle determining the rotation of the longitudinal axis of the member around the picked original point:
Line of sight on
the reference
plane (Z axis)
Rotation of the member

around the original
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Creating via two points:

If you create the member with the help of the setting 2 points, the first pickpoint will determine
the origin and the second pickpoint the end point of the longitudinal axis of the member and
thus length and alignment of the member:
Line of sight on the reference plane (Z axis)
Original and end point

of the member
The creating forms of profiles via n points and the creating of bended members will be treated
separately in the Basics Volume II. in the chapter Curved members.
7.2.2.
Setting of the viewed face
There are different views depending on the position from which you look on the member. bocad offers four different viewed faces in order to facilitate the placing of members in different
views: front view, top view, rear view and bottom view. These views can be set before shifting
in long view. Front view is basically defined as the view on the web (in case of standard profiles). In case of plates front view is defined as the view on the surface.
While an UB profile has only two different views, since the top and bottom view and the front
and rear view are identical, an unequal L profile, for example, will be represented differently in
all switchable views:
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The four available viewed faces in the

example of an uneven L profile
Top view
Rear view
Front view
Bottom view
In addition to the set viewed faces

you can indicate a free angle for carrying out more precise rotations
around the member axis.
We recommend activating the option Preview in the dialog window of the function in order to
check before the creating how the realised settings would influence the later position of the
member in the reference plane.
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7.3. Shifting a member with the help of member anchors

7.3.1.
Member anchors
Up to now we took as a starting point that the position of a member will be determined alongside
its middle axis between a picked original point and an end point either picked or by entering
a value. The position of the member and its anchorage in the reference plane is determined by
the middle point of the profile and each 50% of the member is above and below the reference
plane and the member is in the middle of the selected create axis:
If you want, however, that a member levels with its superior left profile edge at the create axis,
you can modify the default anchorage of the member with the help of the setting matrix Location:
In the same way you can orientate the location of the member to the create axis via the setting
matrix at each of the nine possible anchor points. Here you have to observe that the anchor
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points always refer to external outline of a member. Depending on the profile type, those anchor points do not touch directly the member:
So you can create a member above, in the middle of or below the reference plane by using the
vertical setting matrix of the Position. By using the horizontal setting matrix you can align the
member anchor with regard to the create axis to the left hand, in the middle or to the right hand.
In any case one point of the external outline touches the create axis.
7.3.2.
Auxiliary shift
By entering a value for depth and transverse shift (DZ or DY) you can additionally shift the
member anchor set in the location matrix in order to create a tolerance or an overlapping between the member and the create axis. The definite location of the member will thus be determined by a picked axis and the corresponding anchor point on it and, additionally, by the set
depth or shift in y direction.
The depth shift DZ will result in a shifting of the anchor alongside the Z axis of the reference
plane. A positive shifting value will create a tolerance and a negative value an overlapping of
member and create axis if the anchor is located at a vertical external point of the profile outline.
If the anchor is located vertically in the middle, you will always shift upward. In case of a negative value you will shift downward.
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Depth shift of the anchor point

via a positive value:
Z axis of the reference plane
Reference plane
Depth shift via a negative value
Depth shift of the anchor point

via a negative value:
Reference plane
Z axis of the reference plane
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In the same way a transverse shift DY will cause a shift of the anchor alongside the X axis. In
case of the positive value you will create a tolerance and in case of a negative value an overlapping of member and create axis if the anchor is located at a vertical external outline point. If
the anchor is located vertically in the middle, you will always shift to the left side. In case of a
negative value you will shift to the right side:
Transverse shift of the anchor
point via a positive value:
create axis
Reference plane (X-axis)
Transverse shift of the anchor

point via a negative value:
shift axis
Reference plane (X-axis)
7.4. Creating of members in side view

In addition to the previous explanation how to place members longitudinally in the reference
plane, you can also place members in the depth of the reference plane. When choosing this
creating type you will thus create members in their side view, i.e. their longitudinal axis will be
created vertically to the reference plane and you only have to pick the original point for the
member in the reference plane. You can determine the length of the member to be created
in Z direction of the reference plane by entering a value in the entry line Length. In addition,
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you can indicate a rotation around the longitudinal axis of the member by entering a value in
Angle. That angle is mathematically defined as positive.
Shifting a member in side view
Here you can as well as already described in Shifting a member via

member anchors anchor the longitudinal axis of a member via the matrix
setting concerning the location at nine significant locations.
An additional shifting of the set member anchor in direction to the create axis
is as well possible. This will, however, not be carried out as depth or transverse shift but via the values X and Y which shift the picked original point for the member in X
and/or Y direction in the reference plane. You can enter both positive and negative values.
When choosing this creating type you can exactly control the positioning of the
member in the depth, i.e. with its length alongside the Z axis of the reference plane, with the help of the three settings front, middle or rear and, if required, by
using the additional positive or negative shifting value z. This value corresponds
to the depth shift explained in the section Shifting a member.
When shifting a member in the depth to the front, it will be completely above the reference plane. When shifting it in the middle it will be located with one half above and one half below the
reference plane and when shifting to the back it will be completely below the reference plane.
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7.5. Creating of plates

7.5.1.
Shifting via profiles
Plates can be created longitudinally via the function Create profiles. The way of creating is
same procedure as already described in Create members in longitudinal view. You can
enter individually the profile dimensions of the plate in the dialog window of the function in the
entry field Profile by entering the abbreviation PL and then the profile thickness and profile
height, for example PL25*200.
After generating the plate it will be registered in the profile list. From now on you can load it from
the profile list by using all possible filters (compare possible filters in the section Profile types).
7.5.2.
Via outline plate
With the help of the function Members > outline plate you can create plates with a defined
thickness and free outline. The outline plate will be shifted by regulation, i.e. picking its outline
points. Therefore, you should have created suitable pickpoints before using the function. In the
following figure you can see that, in addition to the designation BL, you only have to indicate
the plate thickness and, if required, the depth shift for the profile name.
The latter value indicates here the location of the plate concerning its thickness to the reference
plane, i.e. whether the plate shall be created above, below or in the middle of the then picked
outline.
Plate creating via profile
You can also influence the geometry of the plate with a value in expand by. In case of a positive value the plate has an overlap, in case of a negative value it will use this dimension.
When you leave the window with OK, you will see the messages for picking the outline points
of the plate. The picking order can be carried out either clockwise or anti-clockwise. The last
point must be confirmed with a double click or with the return button.
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Generated outline plate
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8. Editing of members
After creating members it is often necessary to edit them, i.e. to modify members concerning
their form and geometry. You will find all required steps for working on members in the menu
point (Member) Tools.
8.1. Length modification

Editing of members means different requirements concerning their length. For instance, one
situation requires a merely dimensional shortening, another one an adjustment in dependence
of the position of another member. The different functions are grouped in the function Length
modification in the menu point (Member) Tools. After loading this function you can open the
dialog box Length modification < Work on: Members for further settings by clicking the right
button of your mouse
Functions of length modification
In the left window area you can choose the type of member editing via the tree representation.
In the right window area you will then find different possible settings.
8.1.1.
Lengthen and shorten
After selection the function Lengthen/Shorten you can enter a value in mm in the input field
Distance on the right side. This value defines the lengthening of the member. In case of a negative distance value the member will be shortened correspondingly. Additionally, you can also
indicate via Test whether an individual member (this is normally the case and thus the presetting) or a complete construction group shall be edited.
After confirming the dialog box with OK you can pick members to be edited in accordance with
the messages until terminating your input with a double click or by pressing the return button.
Then you have to pick that member edge where you want to modify the length. For doing that
you only need to click in the area of the member edge, i.e. you need not click it exactly. The
length modification in this function refers only to the length of the member and not to the width
or height.
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Lengthening of an Iprofile by 500 mm
8.1.2.
Adapt
With the function Adapt you can adapt members with their front surface to a plane. The adaptation can be carried out two ways: either Projection to axis or via 2 or 3 points (the third point
will be used for creating a compound angled section). You will find this function as well in the
dialog box Length modification < Work on:Members. It will also be activated by selecting the
type, i.e. in this case Adapt.
Settings for member

adjustment
.For the adaptation via Proj. on axis you only need one point to determine the adaptation place. Therefore, the cross section will be adapted directly to the point. If you choose an adaptation plane via 2 or 3 points, you will require the corresponding number of points. With the help
of this setting you can adapt members to an inclined plane.
Adapt member with proj on axis
Adapt member via two points
Both settings permit to enter a positive or negative Clearance in order to modify the distance
of the new member edge to the picked axis.
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8.1.3.
Adapt to a member
By using the function Adapt to a member in the dialog box Length modification < Work on:
Members you can carry out a similar member editing as in the setting Adapt. The only difference is that the adaptation plane will be offered by another tool-part member.
In case of this function, you can carry out the setting Adapt to 3D surfaces, Adapt to external
volume and Adapt to member extreme in the dialog box by using the selection list Adaptation plane. These refer to the tool-part member to which the to-be-adapted member shall be
adapted and have the following meanings:
Adapt to a 3D surfaces:
Alongside the axis of the tool-part
member it will be checked which
edge of the to-be-adapted member
will be touched. This edge will be the
adaptation plane.
Member axis
Adapt to external volume:

The tool-part member will be surrounded by a cladding. This edge of
the cladding will be the adaptation
plane.
Adapt to a member extreme:

If a member rotates around its own
axis, this member can be surrounded by a cladding running through the
extremes of the member..
In addition to these setting, you can control in the dialog box Length modification < Work on:
Members whether only if members intersect tool-part members shall be considered.
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8.1.4.
Cut
As in the case of Adapt the member will be shortened via Proj on axis or via 2 or 3 points. It
is also possible to add a Tolerance. When executing this cut alongside a plane, the front surface, however, will not be adapted automatically. Rather you must indicate the so-called waste
side of the member.
After confirming the dialog box the plane will be determined as in the case of the function Adapt. Then, in accordance with the message Pick side to remove (member-point), you
must pick the side on the left of right part of the section plane. After confirming with double click
or with the return button this waste side will be cut off the member.
8.1.5.
Split
During the splitting process a member will be divided in two separate members. Here you can
split a beam with a Tolerance so that, e.g. the plates for a beam joint can be inserted into the
section.
Cut member with tolerance
8.1.6.
Regroup
With the help of this function you can combine various members. Here a prerequisite is that the
members have the same cross section and an identical member axis. A direct contact area between the members, however, is not required. If you edit for example two beams by using this
function, the new merged beam will extend over the complete length of the original beam and
the previous spacing.
Adding two suppor
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8.2. Volume operations

As in the case of length modification, the function Volume operation summarizes several
functions which can be selected in the menu point Work on members by loading with the right
button of your mouse in the dialog box the function Volume operation < work on: Members..
Functions concerning
volume operations
8.2.1.
Punch
With the help of the function Punch you can punch tool-part members with to-be-adapted
members, i.e. by using a tool-part member you can remove a volume from a to-be-adapted
member. In contrast to other edit bars for members we presented before, during the punching
process a volume will be created as default which will then be deleted after having been punched.
In the following example, a HEA200 shall be punched with a plate so that this one will be coped.
Step 1: Creating of a HEA200
Step 2: Creating of a punching volume
Plate as punching tool. Edges may not be

congruent with the edges of the to-be-adapted member!
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Step 3: Executing the function Punch
according to message first pick tool-part

then to-be-adapted member
Step 4: Deleting of a punching volume
Eliminating of a punching volume via Members > Delete an
Note for punching of members

a)
The surfaces (edges) of the tool-part member and the to-be-adapted member must not
be congruent for carrying out the intersection:
Punching not possible!
b)
The function Punch deletes areas of the to-be-adapted member. It creates, however, no
new members even if they would be created physically by the tool-part volume. Thus, in
case of a punching volume no waste member, which could be deleted in the second step,
will be created but only the hollowed section will be eliminated:
Result after punching

Blend
Remaining web area after deleting

the punching tool
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To avoid that you can alternatively set in the function of the dialog box that a Tool modification
will be applied for the punching. In case of a tube, for example, you would punch with a circular
profile:
Result after punching with a tool modification
Blend
Web area after deleting

the punching volume
8.2.2.
Combine
The function Combine makes it possible to combine and/or blend outline plates. Thus it is possible to create irregular elements, e.g. in the area of concrete bodies. That means that you can
combine bodies at their contact areas.
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9. Work on outline plates
9.1. Work on: outline

The function Outline Plate in the menu point (Member) Tools serves for modifying existing
outline plate in the outline plane of that member. After loading that function you will be asked
how to represent the corresponding outline plate because a new window will be opened for the
editing process. After confirming the query with OK the message Pick member will appear. You
must pick the outline plate in any view and a new window will open with the member in front
view.
In that window, in the menu point Outline you will find the necessary functions for working on
an outline plate.
Outline plate in plane representation ...
... and functions

for working on outline plates
highlight
First of all, you should check whether you have chosen the correct member for working on it.
For doing that, load the function highlight. The current member to work on will lighten in an
outline of a different colour.
New plate thickness
A new plate thickness will be assigned to the outline plate. Activate the function and a dialog
box for entering the values will appear.
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Enter the new overall thickness in the entry field Thickness. In addition, you also determine the change with
regard to the depth by choosing aboce, symmetric
and below. This setting refers to the middle axis of the
outline plate. Choosing this setting, the new thickness
will be divided symmetrically at front and behind, otherwise, depending on the selected direction, to front or
behind.
Move outline points
Choosing this function, outline points will receive new coordinates in the outline plane. After activating the function, the point will be selected. A crosshairs will appear and by pressing your
left mouse button you can now determine the new place of the outline point. With the help of
the pickmodus you can e.g. pull to a pick point or to an existing member edge.
Move outline points via dimensions
Unlike the function Move outline point the new place
of the outline point can be determined by using relative
values. The procedure is similar to the function Move
outline point. After moving the outline point, a box will
appear in which you can enter the relative values (between the old and the new place) in the X and Y direction.
Add outline points
You can add new outline points to the outline of the member so that the outline of the member
will adopt a new shape. For doing that, pick the place on that member edge where you want to
the new point to be. Then determine the new place of the point by pressing your left mouse
button. If the pickmodus is on Free, any place may be defined. You may have created as well
before a point, for example, by using the functions in the menu Points. The new outline point
will then be pulled on that point with the pickmodus Pick points.
Move outline edges parallel
With the help of these functions you
can move parallel existing outline
edges. While doing that the length
of the moved edge will be maintained. During the moving the adjacent edges adapt themselves
concerning length and alignment.
parallel moved outline edge
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Move outline edges parallel with value

Similar to Move outline edges parallel the edge to be
moved will be pikked and pulled in the required direction. Then an entry box will appear in which you can
enter the parallel distance:
Move outline edges at random
Unlike the parallel moving of an outline edge, you can move an edge as you like when applying
this function, i.e. the edge to be moved will maintain its length and the adjacent edges will adapt
to the moving with regard to their length and alignment. If you activate the function you must
pick the edge. The anchor point is on the centre of the edge. With this point you can move the
edge.
Delete outline point
Existing outline points will be deleted. You must, however, maintain at least the three required
outline points for describing the outline plate.
Delete outline edges
With the help of this function you can delete outline edges. You must, however, maintain at
least the three required outline points for describing the outline plate.
Add snipe
You can add a snipe from an outline point. The corresponding outline point will be picked and then the
entry box for the relative values will appear:
With the help of this value an angle cut from the
picked point will be carried out:
Final snipe
Add concave corner

With the help of the function Add concave corner a concave rounding at the picked outline
point will be carried out. After picking the outline point, a dialog box for entering the value will
be displayed.The distance between the rounding and the pick point can be regularly shifted in
the X and/or Y direction. When selecting one of the two last options an additional entry field for
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entering the values will be displayed in Distance.
Radius of the resolution in mm
Number of basepoints for the

representation of the resolution
Setting of handling of distances

(here with regular distance)
Picked outline point
Add convex corner rounding

The procedure of this function is similar to the function Add concave corner, with the only exception that a convex rounding will be carried out. After picking the outline point a dialog box
for entering the values will appear again:
Radius of the resolution in mm
Number of basepoints for the

representation of the resolution
Picked outline point
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10.Welded connections
Below the menu point Connections you will find various functions for creating connections. No
matter whether you want to create a seam or as to be presented in the next chapter a bolted
connection, you must meet various requirements in order to work with connection means in the
bocad system:
"
You must choose a reasonable view. For example with the functions Section or Points/line
in the menu point View.
" Seam or bolts must already be created. For doing that you can use the function in the menu
point Points.
" The members to be connected, in example, beams and front plates must be suited to be
picked.
10.1. Automatic weld seam

With the help of the function Automatic Weld in the menu Connections two or more members
will be connected automatically with each other. Contact areas between the partners will be
found automatically.
If you want to have another thickness at the seam and web of the seam connection, select the
option Web != flange. In this case additional entry elements for the Weld thickness flange will
be displayed in the dialog window. If the option Web = flange is activated, regular weld thicknesses with the value Weld thickness web will be created.
One condition for the use of this function is that the connecting partners are suitable to be
picked, another condition is that the parameters have been adjusted in the dialog window. Additional settings concerning the generation of seams can be carried out on the tab Additional
data.
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After activating the function, first of all the member with the seam and then the member to be
welded will be picked. The second connecting partner determines the course of the seam:
Member with the

seam
Member to be welded
Seam will be created in the contact

area of respective members
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10.2. Controls: Info Connection

For controlling created connection you will find various informative functions in the menu point
Info. With the help of the function Connection: Attributes you can e.g. load a text survey concerning a connection. For doing that, load the function via the menu point and pick then an existing connection. The information will then be displayed in a dialog window.
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11.Bolted connections
11.1. Terms
Bolt group:
In the bocad system a bolts group is defined as bolts which are generated with functions. A bolts group can have one or several bolts. The
group consists of bolts connecting the same members with each other.
Thus, these bolts are the same type of bolts, i.e. the have the same garniture, material, length, etc.
Loose bolts:
Loose bolts distinguish themselves from bolts/studs in the sense that

they are directly assigned a length. The length is not calculated by the
bocad system.
Loose bolts are applied e.g. for connections at null positions, e.g. at
concrete. They are established in the same way as bolts/studs.
Material length:
Generally, the material length corresponds to the total of all thicknesses of material to be connected.
Garniture:
A garniture includes all additional elements such as nuts, bolts, etc.
Bolt length:
Material length + garniture + jutting out.

For example, if you select a bolt with a length of 63.5 mm, that bolt
which can be delivered quickly will be chosen. 65 mm.
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Survey of setting concerning the function Connection >Bolts/studs/Loose/ .
Should be set on Site to avoid that the

entire structure is pending at one member.
Loads the settings in the

database behind - 1
Automatic bevel washers
List view concerning the

current bolt structure
Takes over the database entries
Text flag, e.g. for a initial tension
Determines what the bolt will also create
Introductory example:Impact end plates with bolted connections
Step 1: Creating of two IPE300 supports and shortening in the front view by each 20 mm:
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Step 2: Insert end plates with a thickness of 20 mm each:
Step 3: Open adequate additional view - e.g. via View > Additional view: Point/Line:
Step 4: Create points for bolt positions - e.g. via Points > Divide line:
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Step 5:Set bolts via the function Connection > Bolt/Stud/Loose-/...

Entering of an M12 bolt and confirming the dialog with OK.
Picking of bolt point and confirming with the return button.
Picking of the end plates in the main view

and confirming with the return button.
Result: Created bolt picture in front and side view:
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11.2. Controls
11.2.1. Info !
Connection
The function Connection: Attributes which we already introduced in the preceding chapter
concerning welded connections and which can be found in the menu point Info can also be
used for receiving an informative survey of a bolted connection. For doing that, load the
function via the menu point and pick then an existing bolted connection. The information will
then be displayed in a dialog window:
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11.2.2. Search! Connectivity of bolts

The function Search > Connection control: Connectivity of bolts offers the possibility of an
automatic control of bolt mounting. In the dialog window of the function you can link a nut size
to a bolt type by choosing the button 3D control on the tab Parameters. With the help of this
value each bolt of this type will be controlled concerning its connectivity.
After starting the function, all bolts without connectivity will be emphasized with a tool symbol.
In addition you will see a survey of all bolts without connectivity in a new window:
If all relevant bolts have connectivity you will be indicated an empty result list. In this case all
bolts with the bolt size selected in the list have connectivity.
After applying the function, all represented tool symbols with the function Search >Delete assembly tool can be deactivated again in all windows.
11.3. Work on bolt groups

11.3.1. Delete completely / individually
With the help of the function Delete connection in the menu Connection you can either delete
individual connecting elements from a connection picture or eliminate a connecting picture
completely. After loading the function, the delete mode can be switched via the options Connection unit or Single element.
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By choosing the option Connection unit you can delete a connected connecting picture. Here,
you only need to pick an element of the picture and confirm your selection..
If you choose the option Single element, you can delete individual connecting elements from
a bolt picture in any view. Only the picked elements will be deleted and the new connecting
picture will be represented.
Note:
If you delete e.g. a single member from a bolted connection (e.g. filler plates in
a bolt picture), the bolt picture including holes in that member, but as well in all
other existing members will be deleted.
11.3.2. Move
The function Bolt: Move in the menu (Connection) Tools refers to the moving of individual
bolts in a bolt picture. First of all, change in a view where you can see the bolt picture with the
viewing direction in or against the bolt direction of the bolts. By activating the function, first of
all, the dialog box for entering relative dimension for moving will appear automatically. After entering the dimensions you can pick one or several bolts. The moving will then be carried out
with the specified dimensions relatively to the original position:
11.3.3. New length calculation

With the function Bolt: New length calculation in the menu (Connection) Tools you can calculate again a selected bolt. Here, you have no possibility to apply a bolt of another type. One
possible application of this function is e.g. to integrate new connecting members into a bolt picture.
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In the following example we create a

point of roofridge whose ridge plates
will be connected with bolts (in a bolt
picture).
Afterwards we will apply filler plates

which require a new calculation of
the bolt picture.
After activating the function, we will carry out the following entries in the dialog box:
Length shall be
maintained
Direction shall be
maintained
Admit that various bolt pictures will be created
Connection partners shall be

searched automatically
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The result of the new calculation is as

follows:
11.3.4. Exchange
With the function Bolt: Exchange you can later modify bolt connections. If the function is activated, you can load the corresponding dialog box by clicking your right mouse button. Here you
can make your indication with regard to the bolt type to replace the previous bolt picture. After
completing your indications you leave the box with OK and pick the corresponding bolt picture.
The previous picture will be replaced by the new bolt picture.
Example: Bolted connection MSH at IPE profile
Using the following example (fixing of a MSH profile alongside a longitudinal wall at an existing
frame support) we will present various possibilities of the function. Both members, a support
IPE360 and a bolt MSH100*100*4 will be connected with each other one after the other in different ways. The initial situation is as follows:
MSH 100*100*4
IPE 360
Alternative 1: MSH+tubes long/rest short material length

In bocad you can connect profiles by a bolt with a long material length. Normally, you need
long material lengths if a bolt shall penetrate completely a profile, in this example, a MSH profile.
First of all select the function Connection > Bolts/studs/Loose/ in the menu Connection.
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Open the dialog box of the function by clicking your right mouse button and carry out the following settings: .
Select bolt type SKG ...
... and close bolt list
Click the button Designation in order to get a survey concerning the corresponding diameters:
In the opening window you can select a bolt
with the corresponding diameter. This bolt
has a length. This length, however, will also
be maintained if it is not sufficient or too
long.
Alternatively, you can also do without indication of a length. For doing that, activate
the option Bolts only created if existing
in database. In this case the required bolt
length will be calculated automatically and
the next bolt with sufficient length will be
selected from the database.
Then you must still modify the bolt length in
the dialog box Bolts/studs/Loose/ For
doing that, select the entry RHS&CHS
long/rest short from the selection list Bolt
length.
Here, it is also important to activate the option Bolts only created if existing in database. If
you did not indicate the length when entering the bolt and if you want to create the bolt even if
it does not exist in the database, the material length will be calculated automatically with this
setting and the bolt will be generated with the correct length.
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The dialog box should now be represented as follows:
After confirming the dialog box with OK pick now the bolt point in front view on the longitudinal
wall:
MSH 100*100*4
IPE 360
Then you must only pick the two members to be bolted. Here you must not observe any order.
The bolt direction of the bolt is from the exterior, i.e. into the MSH profile, when you look from
the exterior on the longitudinal wall.
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The result of this example is as follows:
SKG 12*140
Alternative 2: Separated profiles will be connected via short material lengths

This alternative connection is based again on the initial situation of the example. The two profiles, the support IPE360 and the bolt MSH100*100*4 shall be connected by the bolt SKG12
with short material length. In this case, however, no length will be indicated for the bolt but be
calculated automatically by the program.
Concerning the bolt connectivity, an additional opening will be shouldered in the MSH profile.
In order to generate this opening, a generation of bolts with a second hole tolerance will be carried out. Here you have to indicate a diameter for this hole tolerance. As you can recognise
from the name hole tolerance the overall diameter of the opening is composed of the bolt diameter and the hole tolerance. In this example the opening shall have a diameter of 40 mm. If
you use the bolt SKG12 you will require a second hole tolerance of 28 mm.
In addition you must indicate where you want to place the opening. Before creating the bolt an
internal examination checks the correspondence of the bolt and the profile. These penetration
points can be indicated as position for the second hole tolerance:
Insertion direction
First hit: In this position,

the bolt hits a profile for
the first time.
Second hit
In this example, the opening shall be at the first hit. Thus, the following settings are required in
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the dialog box Bolts/studs/Loose/, considering the previous demands with regard to the
connection:
bolt without
length indication
Settings for the

second hole tolerance
Selection for
short material
length
Similar to the first example, you must now pick the bolt point and then the members to be bolted
after confirming the dialog box with OK in front view of the longitudinal wall. As a result the following connection will be created:
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Example: Stud shear connector on inclined profile

In the following example we will show how stud shear connectors can be set in a grid on an
inclined support. As support we will use an IPEA400 and as stud shear connector a
KOD22*125. The set bolts shall be distributed regularly on the superior flange of the bolt. The
studs shall have a distance of 220 mm in direction of the support axis and a transverse distance
between each other of 100 mm (studs in two rows). In order generate the grid on the flange you
must first change into the top view of the inclined support. For doing that you can open Additional view: Member plane in the menu View. Here, activate the top view, select as Reference the setting Flange/Web surface and pick then the support.
First of all select the function Bolts/nuts in the menu Connection. Open the dialog box of
the function by clicking your right mouse button and carry out the following settings:
used stud shear
connector
button sets values of

dialoge box on default (i.e. 1)
generate Button
Create grid division
Activate the option Points on the tab Position in the dialog box and set Rest P1 & P2 for the
grid division in the selection list. Then confirm the button Grid division. Now you can enter the
division values for the bolt in the opening box (right mouse button).
Division measure for the thigh to be defined by picked points P1 and P2 in the connection.
Division measure for the thigh to be defined by
picked points P3 and P4 in the connection.
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After leaving this box with OK you can immediately enter the origin of the grid:
P4 for y-direction
Origin of grid: P1 for x-direction

and P3 for y-direction
P2 for x-direction
After defining the origin of the grid and the points P1 to P4 you can leave the dialog window
Bolts/nuts/ with OK. Now pick one of the generated grid points as bolt point and confirm the
entry by pressing your return button. Then pick the support.
As a result the set bolts will now be created on the grid points:
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12.Backup procedure
During the design phase it may occur that you carry out unintentional modifications such as deleting members, drawings, etc. or that data will be deleted due to a power failure or incompatibility in the system. It is not always possible to enter value again and it normally takes a lot of
time. We therefore recommend making backups of the project in regular intervals. In addition
the bocad system offers various possibility of saving data which we will now explain in detail.
12.1. After automatic query

After an interval to be set individually by the user, the italic query save boc3db? will appear.
(the abreviation boc3db stands for"bocad 3D database"). The query must be answered either
with Yes or No in order to be able to continue your work in bocad.
If you answer with Yes the current version of the structure design will be saved in boc3db and
also in the backup directory boc3db.sav below the current project directory. Thus the file
boc3db corresponds to the current representation of the structure. Otherwise the previous
safety version will be maintained, i.e. no further design steps will be added the file boc3db.
In the menu point Saving interval in the menu Extras you can set the interval between two
safety queries as well as name and position of the backup directory:
Enter here the saving interval.

The saving interval will, however, only be modified after the
next safety queries.
The name of the safety copy must

be different from the file boc3db
(without extension), see for more
explanation planned saving a
point of procedure.
12.2. Planned saving a point of procedure

If you require a planned saving at a fixed time, you must load the menu point File > Save as.
Here you can add a name extension the to file boc3db. The default name is boc3db. and after
the dot you may enter your name extension. Here you can enter any extension (do not use special characters, etc.).
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If you do not indicate an extension for the backup the former boc3db.sav will be overwritten.
If you enter, however, a new extension, the former backup will be maintained and an additional
one with a new extension will be established. In example, you may enter an extension composed of the current date (example: 18.04.2002 -> boc3db.180402) at the end of a working day.
Be sure to create always a new backup when selecting this procedure. The result may be that
you will have various bakkups in your project directory although you do no longer require them.
This procedure results in an unnecessary occupation of your hard disc. In the worst of all cases
it may occur that your hard disc is completely occupied and that you can no longer save your
project.
12.3. Saving when ending a session

When you leave a project and/or the bocad system a safety query will appear. Besides the
query there are two additional indications:
With the help of the option Clear up deleted elements you can remove deleted elements (such
as members, bolts, etc.) which are still in the bocad database as entry (in form of an identification number). As default setting this option is deactivated. It should be activated as long as
the project is in the design phase. Thus you avoid the unnecessary growth of the file boc3db.
When starting the positioning, however, this option should be deactivated because the clearing
of deleted elements refers consequently to the entire model including the position numbers and
drawings. If you delete e.g. members after the generation of drawings and the project has been
closed with clearance, you will not find the drawings concerning the deleted member because
the bocad system can not find any members belonging to the drawing.
The activated option Restart with current phase and viewport will automatically open the last
active phase and viewport when starting again the relevant project. If you do not activate this
option when saving the project, you will receive the query to select the phase from the list of
existing phases when starting again the program. Then you must select a viewport from the list
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of all existing planes:
12.4. Behaviour in case of program crash

12.4.1. Diagnosis and terminating the program
A program crash may occur in different ways. The program may terminate with an error message so that it is no longer controllable, but it may also happen that the program is deadlocked,
i.e. it does no longer respond to entries. It may also occur the uncompleted and ragged windows will be represented. Another typical symptom is when you can no longer shift windows.
You can terminate a blocked program via the task manager of windows. The Task manager
will be opened by pressing simultaneously the buttons Ctr.+Alt+Del and selecting the button task manager in the opening window. During a program crash you will normally see the
entry no response in the column Status. You can terminate the program by clicking and confirming the button Terminate task.
12.4.2. New start of the program with latest backup

If the bocad system crashes during the project processing the project data may be damaged.
In this case you will receive the indication "Project is damaged. Continue anyway" when opening again the project. If this message does not appear you can continue designing in the project without any problems. Otherwise you should use a correct backup of the project.
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12.4.3. Loading the last backup

First of all terminate bocad in order to load the last backup of the project. Then open the directory of the damaged project and carry out the steps represented in the following illustration:
Project directory
1. Directory with damaged database:
Rename with
right mouse click (e.g.
boc3db.alt)
2. Backup directory
Copy with right mouse click,
insert below the project directory and rename the copied directory boc3db.
New database directory

based on the backup
Start bocad again after carrying out those steps. If you there open the project you will have
access to the project data in the recently established directory boc3db and thus to a correct
data version.
If you use external backups, like e.g. backups on CD-ROM, DAT tape or on a network server,
you should use those media as the must current and correct data basis after a program crash.
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13.Phases
In bocad you have the possibility to divide a construction. This can meet several demands. For
example, the construction shall be divided into constructional sections which shall be produced
and delivered at different times. In this case you have to establish so many phases as the number of constructional sections and link all members, bolts, seams and other elements to them.
Later you can establish and sort parts lists and production drawings classified by phases.
Another case of application is the division of the construction into different sections, as for example framework and facade. Here you have as well the advantage that you can adapt and
output the manufacturing documentation individually to each section.
13.1. Creating a phase
13.2. Changing a phase
13.3. Controlling and editing the phase
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14. Index
I
Initial mark number . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 38
A
Addtional view . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 22
Axis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 17
L
lasso . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 12
Loose bolts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 65
B
Backup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 80
blend . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 57
boc3db . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 80
Bolt connectivity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 70
Bolt group . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 65
Bolt length . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 65
C
Cascade . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 7
click . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 11
cold rolls sections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 37
Connection control . . . . . . . . . . . 10 64, 11 69
Create points
Angle, arc, circle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 34
lengthen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 30
Parallel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 30
Perpendicular . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 29
Tools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 32
Creating of members
In longitudinal view . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 41
In side view . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 47
plates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 49
via a point . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 41
Via two points . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 42
D
Database points . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 28
depth shift . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 45
Directory name
invalid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 5
valid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 5
double click . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 12
M
Main view
Change . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 22
Main views . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 21
Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 40
member anchors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 44
member with the seam . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 63
Members
Designation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 38
Menu bar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 7
message . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 8
N
New plate thickness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 58
O
Outline edges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 60
Outline plates
work on . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 58
P
Parameter button . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 12
pick . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 11
Pickmodus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 10
Pickpoints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 28
profile list . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 39
Profile types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 39
Program surface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 7
Project
create . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 4
Project data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 5
R
F
Free profiles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 40
Functional button . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 11
G
Garniture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 65
Grid
create additional . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 19
delete . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 20
Geometric structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 15
Modify properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 18
Grid points . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 28
Grip length . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 65
H
highlight . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 58
History of bocad . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1
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refresh . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Replicator sign . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Representation button . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Rul of signs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3 12
4 16
3 12
6 29
S
Saving interval . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 80
Screw pictures
work on . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 70
second hole tolerance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 76
Shifting of plates
via outline plate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 49
via profile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 49
Standard profiles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 40
standard profiles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 37
Status line . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 8
Symbol bars . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 9
bocad-3D Editions - A
three-fingers-rule . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 21
Tool modification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 57
transverse shift . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 45
weld seam
automatic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 62
Weld seams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 62
Work on members
Adapt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 52
Cut . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 54
length modification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 51
Regroup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 54
Split . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 54
V
viewed face . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Volume operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Combine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Punch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7 42
8 55
8 57
8 55
Z
zoom . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 12
Basics
Basics II.
bocad-3D
Edition Steel
bocad-3DEdition
Version: 26.04.2005
All information contained in this manual has been carefully collected. We cannot be held responsible for typographical errors or modification of individual program functions.
Program version:
20.503 , dated April 2005
Version of Manual:
26.04.2005
Am Umweltpark 7
D-44793 Bochum
Hotline:
Hotfax:
0234 / 9 64 17-85
0234 / 9 64 17-86
eMail:
wartung@bocad.com
Monday to Friday:
8 until 12 ocock
12:30(pm) until 4:30 (pm)
Basics II - Contens
Contens
1. Curved Members . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
1.1. Creation shapes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
2. Detaillingbox . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
2.1. Working method with the detaillingbox . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
2.2. Functions of the detaillingbox . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
3. Bent Plates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
3.1. Shifting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
3.2. Working . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
3.3. Information / Control information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
3.4. Output . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
4. Construction methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
4.1. Basic procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
4.2. Construction methods - example: stage impact . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
4.3. Saving of connection definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
5. Copy / Mirror . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
5.1. Selection of the start list . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
5.2. Mirror . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
5.3. New connection partners . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
5.4. Opened references . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
5.5. Possible controls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
6. Library . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
6.1. Exporting sub areas of the model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
6.2. Import . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
7. Constructional modifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
7.1. Stretch/Shorten . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
8. Positioning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
8.1. Advanced marking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
8.2. Convert member characteristics before positioning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
8.3. Identity examination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
9. Drawing preparation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
9.1. Creation of individual drawings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78
9.2. Opening of created drawings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
9.3. Interactive nesting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
9.4. Position numbers on nested drawings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
9.5. Automatic nesting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90
9.6. Graphical modification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
10. Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A
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bocad-3D Edition Steel - I
Basics II - Members
1. Curved Members
Description
With bocad standard or numerous cold rolled profiles can also be constructed and evaluated
as curved members. The possibilities of the construction are explained in the following:
1.1. Creation shapes

Description
In order to be able to create curved members there are two creation types. On the one hand
the creation over n points and, on the other, the curved creation type. The curved is usable for
all circular or elliptical shaped members.The usage of n points is suitable for all remaining variants of curves which describe a function.
Basically, in both cases the curve is described over a polygon.
Explanation for ...
....the n-points shape

A shop drawing is created with n points. The points for the creation must be created previously, e.g. over the achievement Points / functions.
Note:
The higher the number of constructed points, the more exact is the description
of the member for the evaluation.
Start offset and end offset
Curved members can not be lengthened or shortened in their curvature. Over the Start offset
and End offset you can create a shift of the start and end points. This has, as with straight
members, only the effect of a lengthening of the last polygon section.
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Basics II - Members
Position
The position for curved members is defined in the same way as for straight members (see Basics I., chapter 7.3)The picked points act as neutral fibres! The transverse shift
TS defines the position of the cross section to the neutral fibres of the shop drawing!Important:A transverse shift may only be slightly attached. Therefore, even
with large shifts (lying outside the cross section) the member lengths remain and
the entered radius is maintained. The upsetting or stretching of the member
lengths and the modification of the radius remain unconsidered.All shifts of the
section are permanently saved to the section and can be called up via Info /
Members / Member Characteristics.
Shift delta_Y_L
The shop drawing is later shifted to the first and last point at Delta_Y_L. The neutral fibre also
moves, as it concerns a subsequent shift.
Shift delta_Y_E
The neutral fibre is newly established for the entered value by a parallel shift of the pikked
points. Thereby, the new, real length of the member and a new radius result. So over
Delta_Y_E positive the section is positively stretched and over Delta_Y_E negative is negatively upset!
Use 'TS' and 'Delta_Y_E
The settings
TS "=" value, position designation MIDDLE Delta_Y_E "=" 0
Produce an identical section such as
TS "=" 0, position designation MIDDLE Delta_Y_E "=" value.
The difference between the two members exists in the member length, as the first section occupies another position of the neutral fibre and, therefore, underlies other flow conditions.
Important:
With it you receive the correct radii details for the evaluation of shop drawings,
use with a larger shift (outside the bending line of the cross section) Delta_Y_E
instead of the transverse shift TS. Then through the shift Delta_Y_E the neutral
fibre is shifted and the radius is newly determined. For TS the radius remains
given, because the neutral fibre remains given.
1
1
9
21 32.
21
32
.9
Indication of the radius with

TS > height of cross section
62
62
00
60
94
33
94
33
00
50
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Indication of the radius with

delta_Y_E > height of cross
Basics II - Members
... for the curved shape

A shop drawing is shifted by 2 points under consideration of the chosen function Circle or Ellipse.
!
Circle
The picked 2 points (start point, end point) and the given radius clearly define the Circle section, so that the centre of the circle does not have to be inputted. A maximum arc of 180
degrees is constructible. The chosen radius must amount to at least half the distance of the
picked points.
Ellipse
The picked 2 points (start point, end point) and the inputted radii of the main axes define the
Ellipse clearly, so that the centre of the ellipse does not have to be inputted. A maximum
ellipse arc of 180 degrees is constructible.
Radius
The Radius gives the circle radius or the radius of the large ellipse axis. If the radius is negatively given, the course of the curve 'strikes' downwards.
Second radius
The Second radius establishes the radius of the small ellipse axes.
Explanation of the additional files for curved members
Tangential or external circle

If the Tangential or external circle option is activated, then the approximation to the circle /
ellipse function by tangents to the circle / the ellipse is produced. The member bending points
are the cut points of the neighbouring tangents and are not base points of the corresponding
function. The picked connection points "search" the nearest base points of the chosen function
and additionally construct a tangent in the course of the member. Through this, the exact observation of the function course in the connection area tangentially achieved.
With the chosen Tangential or external circle option, then the approximation to the circle /
ellipse function over external circles of the circle / the ellipse is effected. The member bending
points define the base points of the individual function. The picked connection points "search"
the nearest base points of the chosen function and additionally construct an external circle in
the course of the member.Through this, the exact observation of the function course in the bending points is achieved.
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Basics II - Members
Note:
Be aware of the type of creation of the curved section for the dimensioning of
the arc (see chapter on Arc Dimensioning), otherwise this will not lead to correct
results in some circumstances.
Visible edges
With the activated option are the Sides visibly displayed, which result from the polygon portrayal of the course (right picture). If the option Sides visible is chosen, the sides are dropped
in the portrayal (left picture)
Edges unvisible Option deactivated
Edges visible
Option activated
HEA200
HEA200
(Base point) Division parameters

There are three setting possibilities for the base point division parameters which are directly
connected to the tangential or external circle option::
in X
External circle approximation (Tangential or External Circle option deactivated): All bending points have the same relative X distance to one another. Tangents approximation (Tangential or External Circle option activated): All middle
bending points have the same relative X distance to one another.
in Y
External circle approximation: All bending points have the same relative Y distance to one another. Tangents approximation: All middle bending points have
the same relative Y distance to one another.
any
The bending points are constructively created.
Note
The above described base point division parameter is only valid for the output
form of the member course. The possible, additional connection areas disturb
the chosen division parameter.
Section
With the Section option you determine how the division parameter of the base point should be
carried out. It can either be created over the details of an amount of points, or over issue of a
max. length. For every setting the corresponding input for points or lengths is read.
(Base) Points
The figure in the input line Points corresponds to the amount of bending points in the member
course. Polygon shaped lines are laid down on the created base points. These form then the
member sides. Correspondingly, the genuine member sides lie above or below the displayed
lines. In order to avoid the connected members becoming too short or too long, the areas to
which the members connect must already be given on creation.
Important:
Further work and adjustment of drawings (e.g. unfoldings) depends in some circumstances on the amount of base points of the created and worked on section.
I.e. the higher the amount of base points of a section that there are, the harder
further usage of the section becomes in the programme. The upper limit of base
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Basics II - Members
points of a section are at the current time at about 4096 points.

The number of base points consists of:
!
Base points of the cross section (e.g. for pipes or for resolutions of members increases),
Base points which arise from the length (e.g. for severely curved members
increases),
Base points which arise from blendings.
All these points run for the further working on the individual work processes,
increase thereby, on the one hand the calculation times, or prevent the process
completely in some circumstances.
Length
The value for the Length gives the max. distance between the base points.
Example: The construction of a curved member

Prerequisite
1
IPE330
IPE330
7500
K 5000
K 2000
K0
1000
2000
2000
2000
1000
8000
The grid should be widened left and right for every measure, so that the member can be created longer than necessary.
Procedure
Create generation points of the curved member.
"
Result
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Basics II. - Work on members
2. Detaillingbox
With the help of the Detaillingbox in the menu (Member) edit, you can completely detail any
member with functions like Cutting, Coping, Creation of an internal etc.
Multiple view from member
Set as handled member
Delete inner outline

Move inner outline
Set coordinate system
Move outer edges
Cut member
Cope member
Picking external outline
Create inner outline
Point info
Functions in the dialog window Detaillingbox
Significance of detailling parameters

Number of basepoints
With the detailling input you find a solution for everything which can be punched. In the following we will explain the working process with the detaillingbox.
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2.1. Working method with the detaillingbox

Procedure:
1. To shift a member, for example a HEA profile.
2. To load the function Work on members >
detaillingbox.
3. To open handled member in Multiple
view from member (the handling can be
done, however, in any other view).
1.
4. To set the member as handled member:

# Pick member in any view.
# The member lightens and is now prepared for the handling.
5. Setting of the coordinate system:
In this case a coordinate system is set for
this member. Normally this coordinate system is set into a edge point of the member. This Coo syst is a mere local
coordinate system with the X-axis pointing in longitudinal direction and the Yaxis in the direction of the profile height.
The system can be realised any time by
selecting the function Set coordinate system via the corresponding icon and then
determining the edge for the new coordinate origin via Pick.
6. Selection of a handling via the functional
icons, input of the necessary parameters
and handling of the member. The available handling options for this case will be
explained in detail in the following section.
2.
6.
3.
4.
5.
2.2. Functions of the detaillingbox

2.2.1.
Cut member
After clicking the icon Cut member, the parameter values for B and H must be entered (confirm last entry with the return key). Then you
have to pick that member edge you want to cut.
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Note:
2.2.2.
Coping
First select the icon for Coping. Enter parameter values for B and H. Terminate last value with
the return key. Then you have to pick that member edge you want to cope.
X- and Y-coordinates must not be entered for this function.
Note:
2.2.3.
X- and Y-coordinates must not be entered for this function.
Create internal contour

The generation of an internal contour can be
carried out in different ways, by defining the position of the internal contour via value input,
picking of points or a combination of both:
Create internal contour by values

First select the icon for Create internal contour. Enter then the values for the X and Y direction
(the Anchor point of the internal contour can be adjusted in the tab More). Enter the values
B, H and R next to that tab. Confirm the tab with OK and then create the internal contour by
pressing the return key.
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Create internal contour by points

The second possibility for creating an internal contour is to determine the place of the internal
contour with the help of reference points created before without specifying the X and Y coordinates. Click these points and confirm them with the return key.
Reference points
Create internal contour by values and point

You can also create an internal contour by specifying B, H, and R and clicking on the position
of the member where you wan to create the internal contour.
Internal contour with distance to another one
With the parameters dx and dy, you can create internal contours with a distance to an existing
internal contour by entering the dx value confirming it with the return key. By pressing again
the return key, the new contour will then be created relatively to the previous one.
2.2.4.
Delete internal contour

Select the icon Delete internal contour. Input
of parameters is not necessary for this function.
Pick then one edge of the internal contour and
confirm it with the return key.
2.2.5.
Move internal contour

First click on the icon for Move internal contour. Then enter only the values for dx and dy in this case also negative values can be specified. Confirm the last value with the return key.
Pick then an internal contour edge in the main
view and confirm it twice with the return key.
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2.2.6.
Outside edge shift

This function is carried out like the function
Move internal contour. The only difference is
that first the icon for Outside edge shift must be
clicked.
2.2.7.
Freely pick external outline

After picking the icon for Freely pick external
outline and without specifying any parameter,
an external outline can be picked - in the
picking-mode Free. By the picking the external
contour, you will create a punching plate to be
punched with the member.
The first and the last point of the picked contour are extended automatically, i.e. you can also
use points which lie on the edge of the member.
Points for punching volumes
1
2
2
3
4
Punched member
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Basics II. - Members
3. Bent Plates
Two variants of bent plates can be created with bocad: On the one hand there are parallel bent
plates and, on the other, there are conical bent plates. The parallel bent plate has all sides lying
parallel to one another, i.e. the cross section of the plate remains unaltered. With the conical
bent plate however the sides run extending endlessly together into a point. The cross sections on the shift starting point and on the shift end point have the same number of contour
points, yet the side lengths are different.
In the following the scope with the frequently used parallel-bent plates is explained.
3.1. Shifting
Creation of any thick parallel bent plates
Description
Parallel bent plates can be created in long view, as well as in the side view. Additionally, determined surface characteristics can be assigned to all the bent plates. The procedure - for the
creation of standard and special profiles alike - is explained in the following examples.
Explanation of the "Member-Data" tab
Profile
The profile designation can be written in the input field behind profile, e.g. Input PL (for plate).
The measurement specifications for depth, breadth and length are only limited over the positioning as desired (see Advanced positioning of bent plates). They result from the picked geometry.
Finishing
With the finishing or colour you define the exterior of the bent plate. There are three options to
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input the finishing side or the finishing range:

No finishing
If you choose the option of no finishing, the bent plate is created without finishing. The settings in the Profile Surfaces dialogue box are not taken into account.
An external side
Use the option of an External side, in order to allocate one side

of the bent plate with a finished side - an external side. If you
have chosen the option then you must, after confirming the settings in the box with OK and picking from bent plate contour and
position, additionally pick the side for the finishing.
Finishing Range
With the Finishing range setting you can determine an area on

the bent plate which is to be finished. You have to identify two
points on the external side of the bent plate which limit the range,
after determining the contour and the position of the plate Which
procedure is used to create the range (whether the shortest connection between the two points or mathematically positive orientation - see also the chapter on edge parameters) is dependent
on your setting under Extras / Settings / Drawing / Members /
Edge Parameters. The mathematically positive setting is recommended.
Consider:
As soon as the surface External side or Finishing range is inputted for the Finishing, the possibility of the surface design (Profile surface) is given on the
one hand. On the other hand in addition, you must later determine for the pick
cycle (according to message) a point to mark the external side of the plate or two
points for the finishing range.
Profile Surfaces
Open with the Profile Surfaces button the corresponding dialogue box.
TS
P os.
S tk.
P rofil
1/1
BL1089*10
Farbe
F1/A
F2/B
Material
S 235J R G 2
Dicke
Lnge
LFM
10.00
2500
2.50
Beschichtung
R AL 1005 Honiggelb
R AL 1001 Beige
Dicke
S L [S chutzlack]
S L [S chutzlack]
10
10
Zuschnitt
1089
P erforation
P 4 VOL
P 4 VOL
Anmerkung
G E ZE IC HNE T
DATUM
06.01.2005
B E NE NNUNG
S oftware G mbH
ZE IC HNG .NR
4712
/1
TR AE G E R
Output of the profile surfaces in the selection title block.
Here in three different ways the bent plate can be given the internal and external surface characteristics and values (colour, finishing, depth of the finishing and perforation):
1. Direct input of a "value" in the input field of the characteristict:
In the input fields next to the individual characteristics a value for the internal and/or external
sides can be inputted directly. This value is assigned to the plate with the relevant positioning, but is not included in the existing choice.
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Note:
If no input takes place, i.e. you are choosing two points in the selection; the bent
plate is assigned no characteristic. (this is also valid for the following variants!)
2. Choose a "value" by the selection:

Via the arrow left next to the input fields a selection can be opened for every characteristic
(colour, finishing, depth of the finish and perforation) both for the internal and external side
of the bent plate, in which you choose just as you need.
3. Select a "value" which is not available in the selection:
By clicking on the button of the individual characteristic an editor window is opened. Click
here (or in the File / Open menu), in order to open a text file in which there are further
values (e.g. further RAL-colours) [max. 80 characters per value and line] and in order to read
these. This data can be limited or reduced and saved in a file.
Explanation of the "Shift Form" Tab
On the Shift form tab you can input whether you want a bent plate created in Long view or
Side view. Depending on setting - long or side view - the appropriate options are offered:
For creation in side view...
For creation in side view the side surface of the bent plate is created here, where you pick the
side surface determining contour points of the plate. Through this the position in the plane is
clearly determined.
Depending on the selection during the

Length input, various settings are possible.
Length Input
You have two opportunities to establish the length of a bent plate in the side view
as follows
Over Points
Version 20.000
With the setting as follows the Length option is at your disposal. i.e.
You input a value in mm in the associated input field in order to determine the length.In this way the position of the bent plate in the depth is
not yet determined. Therefore, for this variant you also get the DS Option for Depth Shift.
If you have chosen the Over Points option then you can determine the
length by picking two points. You have to pick the points on one plane
which lies vertically to the side surface.
By picking the points on a vertical to the side surface lying plane, you
determine at the same time the depth position of the plate. Therefore,
in the dialogue box there is also the DS (depth shift) setting possibility.
It is advisable to carry out the picking of the length determining points
in the perspective. Here you have the best control possibility where the
plate is created in the depth.
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Length
The inputted value "x" in the input field behind length corresponds to the length of the created
bent plate in mm.
... Depth
If a figure "x" in the input field behind Depth is entered, the created bent plate receives a depth
of "x" mm.
TSS - Transverse Shift of the Side Surface
TSS represents the cross position of the bent plate applied to the side view. The following settings are possible for the cross position in side view:
QVS centric
TSS left
3
TSS right
3
3
2
2
1
Be careful of transverse shift side - point sequence!
... DS - Depth Shift

The Depth shift allows the depth position of the plate with regard to the plane to be determined, in which the plate is created.
For creation in long view...
If you create the bent plate in long view, then you can work on the contour points of the plate
in any view. The points which determine length are picked by you in the view and at the place
in, or at which the bent plate is to lie..
TSS - Transverse Shift of the Side Surface

As for creation of bent plates in the side view!
... TS - Transverse Shift
The transverse shift is set with reference to the exterior of the bent plate.The following illustraVersion 20.000
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tion explains the difference to TSS:
Exterior
Transverse shift with reference to the exterior of the bent plate
... VF - Viewed Face

Via the viewed face you determine the face of the plate which is to be shown on creation.
... DS - Depth Shift
As for creation of bent plates in the side view!
Explanation of the "Additional Data" tab
Axis for position in illustration

With this option it is established how the co-ordinating system is to be laid out, which is relevant
for the later output of the bent plate cross section on the illustration. This means you put with
this the orientation of the plate on the design again.
Longest thigh
Output situation for any bent plate
Position
in the
modell
Option
Description
Pick plane
The coordinate systems of the profile is identical with that of the representation plane. The
pick sequence is here not relevant.
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Position in the
drawing
Y:1st edge
The y-axis becomes the first picked side. The

pick sequence is here relevant..
Y: longest
The y-axis is created at the longest side. The

longest side is relevant.
Z:1st edge
The z-axis is created at the first picked side.

The pick sequence is here relevant.
Z: longest
The z-axis is adjusted at the longest side. The

longest side is relevant.
Explanation of the option

:... Reference plane:
The reference plane is a datum plane with which you establish the orientation of the plate at
creation.
Example:Creation and shifting of a parallel bent plate in side view with finishing
Prerequisite
Create points which should describe the form of the bent plate. This should take place directly
in the plane, adjacent to which the side view of the plate must lie.
K 5000
2
3
1
K 2000
4
1
K0
6
2000
2000
4000
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Procedure
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
In the main menu Members click the bent plate option.

By right clicking the Bent Plate > Member dialogue box opens.
Set here the Parallel bending (left symbol).
In the Member-Data tab for the finishing range select the External range.
If you click on the Profile Surface button the dialogue box opens.
Carry out the desired colour settings (see the explanations on the Profile surface).
Confirm this with OK. With that, leave the Profile Surface box again and return to the higher
dialogue box.
In the Shift form tab switch on the small control box before Side form.
Activate the option as follows for the Length input (Further options).
Input the value 2500 [mm] for the Length, for the depth 10 [mm].
For the position activate for TSS the left small control box and the lower one for DS.
Click OK to close the box and to start the Bent plates output.
Pick the points which describe the bent plate.
After the last point confirm with < > .
On the side which should be the external side of the bent plate, pick any point and confirm
with < >.
Result
25
00
The bent plate is created with a length of 2500 mm and a depth of 10 mm in which the side
marked as the external side was given the information for the external colour. The other side
gets the information for the internal colour (see the chapter for Calling up the Surface Characteristics)
1
K 5000
Bent plate with TSS on the left side

and DS on the left side
Example:Creating a parallel bent plate over the Long view with finishing range
Prerequisite
Create points which are to describe the form of the bent plate. This can take place directly in
the plane in which the plate is shifted afterwards over two points. (same pick points as for side
view).
Procedure
"
"
"
"
In the Members main menu click the Bent Plate option.

By right clicking the dialogue box Bent Plates > Members opens.
Set the Parallel bending here (left symbol).
In the Member-Data tab for the finishing range select the Finishing range.
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Members - Bent plate
"
"
"
"
"
In the Shift form tab activate the small control box before the long view option, so that the
tab content changes.
Click OK to close the box and to start the Bent plates output.
Pick the points which describe the bent plate and confirm with < >.
Pick shift point 1 and 2 in the shift plane (long view or perspective).
Now pick the points which are to limit the finishing range.
Result
The bent plate is created according to the settings.
32 4
190
61
. 5
134
6.7
189
240
You get this result from the drawing output with the control sentence dw_a4_form members
and with the Triangle symbol setting: With partial finishing for the bent parameters.
3.2. Working
The front of bent plates
Description
To identify the front side and the start edge on the illustration you can determine the edge starting point on a bent plate.
Example: Determining the front side of a bent plate

Prerequisite
You have already generated a bent plate, on which you later want to determine the front side
or change an existing finish.
Procedure
"
"
"
"
"
"
Click on the Reference points option in the Work on Members main menu.
Open the dialogue box Reference Points < work: members with a right click .
Choose the Edge starting point entry on the left in the box and set the option on the right.
Confirm the settings with OK.
Pick first of all the bent plate, whose front you want to (re) establish and confirm this with
< >.
Then pick the side of the bent plate which is to be the front side and confirm this with < >.
Result
The edge start symbol is set on the bent plate. The display is refreshed after the confirmation
so that the symbol disappears. They can be shown as in the previous example.
Note:
Version 20.000
Once the edge start symbol is in place, this gives the front side of the bent plate
decisively for the output.
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3.3. Information / Control information

Calling up the Surface characteristics
Description
If a surface finishing has been chosen for a bent plate, the plate is given this as information.
Even if the finishing of the member is not given in the model, but is displayed on the illustration,
the possibility exists nevertheless to call up the information. This is described in the following.
Example: Call up / control member data

Procedure
"
"
In the Info main menu under Members, click on the Characteristics entry.
Select here the Special tab.
Result
Now the data on the profile surface are shown in the tab. The output of the bent plate characteristics can also be effected however in drawings and selections.
To have the finishing of bent plates shown

Description
If dimension reference points of a member were put, they are generally available. Since local
reference points can disappear, however, by changing the design of the surface within planes
or at the new representation, it is in any case necessary that these can be activated. This procedure is described as follows.
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Explanationof the options

If the option From segment is activated all points of the visible
member, i.e. of the segment, are
activated. If you activate From
database all points, which are saved in the database, are activated.
You must activate this option if

you want to activate reference
points.
Example: Activate of dimension reference points

Procedure
"
In the main menu Pts select the entry Member below Points from.
"
Open the dialog box Points/member points by a right click of the mouse.
"
Activate the small control box From database in front of the option.
"
In addition, activate the option Reference points in the extended box.
"
Confirm the settings and close the box with OK.
"
Follow the picking request and pick now the member to which a dimension reference point
was assigned (you can, if necessary, capture several members also by using a lasso).
"
Confirming the selection with the Return key
Result
For the marked member (or the marked members) the assigned reference point is shown now.
Edge starting point
K 5000
K 5000
Reference point of the

finishing range
Reference point for the indicated member
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3.4. Output
Preparation for production of bent plates
Description
For the production of bent plates it is important to be able to identify clearly on the drawings the
front of the plate and its orientation to the edge database. In order to be able to prepare the
bent plates appropriately for production, in the following first of all the concepts are defined and
their conversion for the drawing creation is explained.
Definitions
Front side
The front side is the side which is to lie upwards on the edge database. The front side symbols
indicate the front side.
Starting edge
The edge which is put as the first one on the edge database is indicated as the starting edge.
It is marked by the edge start symbol on the drawing.
External side
The external side of the bent plate is the side which is visible in the construction and is indicated
by a finishing symbol. It is determined by the user.
Explanation of the drawing preparation (see the illustrations in the following)
!
For Edge start symbol

As soon as the edge start symbol was set, i.e. the first edge of the plate was determined,
this led to the identification of the front side for the output. You can only establish the edge
start point after the creation of the bent plate (via Work on Members / Reference Points /
Set Edge Start Points - see the chapter on Finishing of Bent Plates). With bent plates which
were taken up for DaWa, the edge start symbol is already set.
External side of the profile

If you have activated the finished side option in unfolding forwards under Extras / Settings
/ Drawing / Member edge parameters and have set No edge start symbol the Finished
side is recognized as the front side. In the drawing this is displayed over the finishing or the
finishing range in the cross section.
Front side symbols
If for a bent plate neither an edge starting point is set, nor is a finishing appeared, an allocation of the start edge of the front side is automatically carried out for the drawing output.
The semicircular symbol is indicated in the cross section of the profile, if corresponding settings are carried out for the edge parameters (Extras / Settings / Drawing / Member). The
triangles showing one on the other are represented both in the cross section and in the back
edge.
Note:
For a better understanding of the symbolism of the bent plate front side, you can
add the drawing kantblech_symbole.bmf_ as a legend or additional graphic via
the title block of the shop drawings from bocdat/z3tmplates.
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Legende Kantsymbole
Orientierung
1. Kantung
Rckkantung
Querschnitt
Querschnitt
Beschichtung
Seite
Rckkantung
Verlauf
Legends for edge symbols via 'kantblech_symbole.bmf_'
Edge starting point
Finishing Side
Finishing line - shortest distance
61
. 5
150
200
33 1
200
6.7
250
Front side and

start edge
Front side symbol
Finishing line - math. positive
Symbols in the side view of a drawing
Preparation for the design steering

Description
In drawings of form members of bended plates the material is bended, i.e. the bended plate is
represented on the paper. Adjust the relevant settings in the box Unfolding table in order to
modify the drawing representation.
Explanation of the "General"-Extras / Settings / Drawing / Member tab
Old edges with new procedures

The procedure concerning the forth and back edges of edge profiles has been renewed and
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standardized. We are discussing here the "new procedure" (Dec.2000). Generally all edges
can be worked on with the new procedure. The small control box before the Old edges option
... is therefore preset active. For special exceptions, such as for example on methods executed
edges of L-profiles, the "old" procedure can be gone back to as previously.
Plate thickness determination on the model
In exceptional cases the plate thickness can not be clearly determined from the 3D model. The
result is then possibly an incomplete back-edged plate in the unfolding drawing. In such cases
through deactivation of the small control box before the "Plate Thicknesses" option, the plate
thickness inputted into the member data can be gone back to.
Align plate after convex covering
The activation of this option has a result of the alignment of a curved plate (see picture 6.1) on
the drawing. The orientation is applied to the convex covering of the plate, i.e. on the covering
which is described over the outermost points of the plate. The exact alignment is effected on
the longest side of this covering (the curve is a stringing together of small lines).
Plate
- Plain
view:
Blech
- Draufsicht:
Alignment to the longest,

Ausrichtung an der
straight
side
of the
conlngsten,
geraden
Seite
vexe
covering
der
konvexen
Hlle:
convexe
coverkonvexe Hlle
ingdes
of the
plate
Blechs:
Alignment of a plate to the convex covering.
The material is stretched through the edges of a plate. It is becoming longer. This length alteration can be considered over the compensation and over level: Factor for level
Outside
0
1
Kleav
net l
ni
ve
a
The factor lies in a range between zero and one and can be inputted according to companyspecific requirements in the corresponding field.
1/3
Range for the level
Note:
0:
The neutral fibre lies on the inner edge angle.
1:
The neutral fibre lies on the outer edge angle.
A change of the level takes place for complex bent plates.
Precision to set rectangle

Lightly curved created plates (e.g. for silo constructions) are depicted on a rectangle. The range
is established over the precision, in which a curved plate may be reduced to a rectangle (imVersion 20.000
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portant: The position of gaps remains unchanged in spite of alignment!).

Compensation
There are three setting possibilities for the compensation:
none
The length modification remains unconsidered.
use table
The values are read out from the Unfolding table, the departure measure for the length modification is determined, and is
considered for the back edge of the plate. The table can be opened by the button Unfolding table and can be changed via the
keyboard, according to the company or machine specific requirements (inputting within the columns is necessary!)
Fixed compensation mea- With the choice of this setting a value must be inputted in the
sure
input line behind fixed compensation measure. For plates
which are stretched at the edge, this is a negative value. (Inputting is to be carried out with signs!) i.e. it is deducted for every
edge of the inputted value for the output of the whole length.
With that the plate is cut down to a shorter length. The actual
whole length is achieved by the plate through the bending. With
a shortening of the plate a length addition must be effected (positive value).This setting is recommended mainly for on the
length curved plates.
Preferred edge direction positively
In order to prepare bent plates optimally on the drawing for production, the edge direction of
the production machine can be taken into account:
! positive:
The machine can cant upwards (positive angle).
! negative:
The machine can cant downwards (negative angle).
Bent plate with visible face symbol
That means for example for the positive 'setting' (activation of the small control box) that the
plate for the NC-DStV interface is so loaded that the majority of the plate angles are positive.
From turning on the normal axis is ensured afterwards that the shortest edge thigh comes to
lie above. This edge is marked by the edge start point on the drawing (see also the chapter on
Having the finishing of bent plates shown). xxx
Folding radius
If you have not carried out any entry in the table (see update CD, directory doc,
neuerungen_18000.pdf in the chapter Ctrl / Unfolding table) in the column Bending radius,
the entry from the line Bending radius in the box of unfolding table will be considered. With
the help of the bending radius you can indicate the rounding of a bended plate in the section of
a drawing or in the perspective of the plate. The default is a radius of 5 [mm]. This default indicates an imaginary tool for the radius which serves as an orientation for the center line of the
Version 20.000
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plate for the bending process. The bigger the radius the bigger will be the rounding on your drawing. If you enter the value 0 for the radius the edges in the section will not be rounded but will
be represented in a rectangular form.
At the bocad-surface the plate is represented with rounded edges if the Radii under Unfolding
table / type in member representation are switched correspondingly. In the perspective this
is only possible in the case of bended plates without contour modification and if the equality of
end sections is 90%.
Explanation of the Display tab
Finished side in unfolding in front

As the finished side is generally in the unfolding in front, the small control box must be activated
before the option.
The triangle symbol and the finishing line mark in the drawing the finished side of a plate or the
range over which it is to be finished.
Triangle symbol
For the finishing symbol - the triangle - can be selected:
No
The triangle symbol is done without in principle.
Yes
The triangle symbol is always illustrated, for whole as well

as for partial finishing of the plate.
With whole sided finishing
This setting is preset. The triangle symbol is only provided

for with plates which are completely finished.
With partial finishing
The triangle symbol is only shown on plates which are partially finished and highlight the finishing range with two
symbols.
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Finishing line
The following settings are possible for the finishing line:
No
The finishing line is done without in principle.
Yes
The finishing line is always illustrated, for whole, as well as

for partial finishing of the plate.
With whole sided finishing
The finishing line is only provided for with plates which are
completely finished.
With partial finishing
The finishing line is only shown on plates which are partially finished and which are to highlight the range of the finishing.
Distance from part

Through inputting a value [mm] the distance of the finishing line to the external edge of the plate
is determined on the drawing.
Pen/line type/-thickness
For the pen thickness of the finishing line any pen number in the input line can be selected. It
is recommended to use a thinner pen (1) than for the external edge of the plate. The type of
pen can be selected from the usual catalogue.
Evaluation surface points mathematically positive

If you deactivate the option you will always receive the sketching of the surface area of the unfolding members in that area where both points have the shortest distance between each other.
If you activate the small control box in front of the option and the first pick point will mark the
surface start and the second point the surface end in mathematically positive direction.
P ickpunkt 1
P ickpunkt 2
P ickpunkt 1
P ickpunkt 2
Finishing range with activated setting math. positive - relevant

is the picking sequence
Angle data on the inside

If the option angle data on the inside indications is activated, all inside angles of an edge
sheet metal will be designated during the drawing evaluation. If the option is deactivated, all
internal angles will remain unconsidered and the external angle, related to the axis of the second thigh, will be indicated.
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% Angle data on the inside
$ Angle data on the inside
33,3
146,7
10
9,2
,8
70
Type of internal angle
90
No angle data in case of multiple of XX []

By entering a value, you can determine an angle and its multiple value which shall not be designated in the component drawing of an edge sheet metal. If you enter there a value of e.g.
90 [], the angles of an edge sheet metal having a degree of 90 or 180, 270 and 360 , will
not be indicated in the drawing. Thus you do not need to indicate clearly recognizable angles
(like 90) and your drawing will be more structured.
deactivated: x = 0
135
activated: x = 45
,3
,3
1
10
1
10
No dimensioning required with multiple value of the angle x.
The default value is here 90. That corresponds with the previous standard setting.
Additional view in case of angles major XX []
If an external angle of edge sheet metals exceeds determined value, an additional view of the
edge sheet metal will be created in the drawing. Whereas you see construction dimensions in
the original view of the edge sheet metal, in the additional view, you can indicate manufacturing
dimensions, ie. Dimensioning via points of tangency. Thus you have the possibility to control
the dimensions after the manufacturing / bending.
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Control drawing
Kontrollzeichnung
Production drawing
Additional view iwith greater angles x degree.
)
Icon for the front view (
or
/
This icon marks the front view of the plate. There are four setting possibilites for this option:
No
You work without the icon in the drawing.
Yes
The icon will be represented during execution and appears in the side view.
in side view
The icon will only be used in the side view.
in execution
The icon will only be used during the execution.
There are two options for the creation of the front view icon on the drawing: when you indicate
the first unfolding you will receive the Icon for starting the unfolding process. If you do not
determine the unfolding, the Front side icon will be automatically set on the section or on the
refolding.
Diameter of the icon for starting the unfolding process
Enter a value [in mm] into the input area behind the option in order to define the diameter of the
icon for starting the unfolding process.
Diameter of the front view icon
By entering a value [in mm] into the input area behind the option you will define the diameter
of the front view icon. The default value is 0. That means that the icon will not be represented.
Explanation of the "Thigh" tab
The Output over ranges (no unfolding)!!!!

If this option is activated over the small control box, only a plane view of the individual met thigh
is shown from the detailed range of a bent plate (gaps, copings etc.). Thereby the following conditions can be limited to the edge lengths and the number of views.
Minimum edge length
The thigh which is to be examined on its detailing can be limited with regard to its smallest edge
length. The input in the field behind the text is effected in [mm].
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Maximum number of views

Here the maximum number [part] of projections on the single thigh can be limited.
Example: Modifying of Unfolding table

Procedure
"
"
Click the entry Extras in the main menu Ctrl to open the dialog box.
Select the entry Drawing / Member in the left part of the box and click then the button Unfolding table.
" You can carry out your settings with regard to the evaluation of unfoldings in the opening
dialog box.
" After having carried out your modifications you must confirm them by pressing OK.
Result
When you create another drawing for a bended plate, the settings you carried out before will
be used.
Advanced positioning of bent plates (licensed)

Description
Whilst of the constructing bent plates can be created in different ways; e.g. through the creation
of parts of shaped parts (DaWa), via Methods. This can have the result of a different designation of the created bent plate. In order to standardize the designation, bent plates undesignated
for the positioning - like flat material as well - can be newly designated.
Explanation of the dialog box
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Type of description
Type of description
Meaning
Example
Decreasing without length
bxd
100*10
Decreasingwith length
lxbxd
5000*100*10
Decreasingwith attached length
bxdxl
100*10*5000
Ascendingwithout length
dxb
10*100
Ascendingwith length
dxbxl
10*100*5000
Ascendingwith attached length
dxbxl
10*100*5000
Only plate thickness
10
Name remains
The name determined before creating the bent plate will

be remained even after the positioning.
b = Width / d = Thickness / l = Length
new designation
As soon as the new designation option is activated an input field is released. In this, the text
is entered which is to replace the old designations through the positioning.
From coil material
If the From coil material option is activated, you receive further options to be able to make
settings for bent plates which are to be created from coil material.
Separator in the name

After inputting under type of description a Separator in the name is necessary. Is pre-inputted
* Another variable can also be selected (e.g. x), in so far as this is introduced in the profile conversion table pro_ums.inp (to be achieved with the tools editor in the directory [client data-] configuration).
With reference to decimal places
With this option the measurement details can be determined for every need for up to three decimal places.
Procedure
"
In the Outputs main menu click the Advanced Marking entry under positioning.
The Advanced Marking < Outputs dialogue box is automatically opened.
" Click here on the bent plate button so that a further box is opened.
"
Version 20.000
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"
"
Select from the Description type the Decreasing with Length option.
Activate the small control box before new designation and enter in the input field as designation e.g. KBL
" Click OK to close the "Pos/Bent plates" dialogue box.
" Click OK to close the "Pos/Main Menu" dialogue box and the positioning run will start.
Result
All bent plates of the construction (handling and elements comparison lists = whole construction) are renamed in "KBL" after the positioning and are appropriately designated in the drawings and selections. The measurements are inputted in accordance with the setting
("Decreasing with Length"). The reverse-canted widths are determined according to the edge
parameter settings.
Important
The machine data must be inputted before the positioning run to ensure a correct
output in the selections.
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Basics II. - Construction
4. Construction methods
IIn the construction methods different functions are summarised in a logic.This logic forms a
basic framework for a connection which can be controlled by the user by means of parameterisation.
The methods have internal control mechanisms.Prior to every execution of a design, the feasibility of this connection is examined by a method. For example, a HVM bolt is assigned to DIN
7990 within a method.The method recognises that and the user receives a feedback that this
design can not be executed.Thus, the user can be sure during the design process that these
connections are in accordance with the general design rules - static rules, however can not be
taken into account.Those designs which were created by means of methods can afterwards
relatively simply be modified when this design will be calculated again with new parameters.
Therefore, no manual modification is required when you apply this method.
4.1. Basic procedure

In this section, we want to describe the fundamental use of the construction methods presenting the general construction method with the example of a stage impact.
All steel construction methods can be loaded via the function Connections: steel construction in the menu Construction by entering there the name of the method as a design type.
Furthermore, you can directly load frequent connection types in the submenu Connections:
Direct.
Function for loading all
steel connections
Recalculate existing
connections with new
parameters
Version 20.000
direct loading for individual

connections from Connections: Steel construction
26.04.05
4.2. Construction methods - example: stage impact

For the construction of a stage impact we load at first the function Connections: Steel construction in the menu and then the corresponding dialog window with the right mouse button.
In the next step we select the required design type. This can be carried out in different ways:
Selection of a construction
type via a selection list
Name of the currently loaded construction method. If the name of the
method is known, it can be directly
entered here and taken over with the
return key.
Selection of a construction type

from graphic method overview
At the beginning of the construction by means of methods, the graphic selection is a good possibility to get an overview over the available methods. The overview will be opened in an additional window by clicking on the button Graphical selection.
Selection of the overview

for profile/profile types
with double-click...
... and there doubleclick for the selection

of the design type
buestosz1.
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The image selection is exclusively used for selecting the construction type. The parameterisation, i.e. the adaptation of the method values to the actual construction will only be carried out
in the following steps.
After selecting the construction method BUESTOSZ1 via
the Graphical selection, the
dialog window Steel construction < construction is
displayed again.The construction type is the selected
method.
Name of the selected method

Model for the current method (not
available for all
construction types)
With the help of the button

Graphic Input you can now
open a model for the selected
method in which you can de- Parameter input
for the method via
termine the parameters for the model
the further construction.
Note:
Tab for manual

editing of the method parameters
The parameters of the construction methods can also be manually edited on the
tab Specifications. Since you will not find models for all construction methods
- in this case you will find the message [not implemented] next to the button
Graphic Input -, such methods can be edited only manually.This procedure will
be explained later
Parameter selection in the model

representation
and tabular
editing
Default value of the construction method
Abb.:Graphical entry of parameter table
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Now you can carry out the parameter input in the model by clicking the parameter field which
is next to the parameter to be modified. In the different fields you find registered default values
which are pre-selected in the bocad-system.These default values are in accordance with internal tables, formulas or specifications of the DSTV.They can be replaced, however, by own specifications.
Note:
You will find further information about those values in the manuals Construction (for example, bolt table for construction type Bhnenstosz (stage impact)). Alternatively, you can also access to the general default values from the
bocad-surface. For this purpose, load the menu item Extras > Settings:
General default values.

They are displayed in
models and/or characterised as <automatic>
in manual parameter
input.
Example: Default
value for bolt: M16
Abb.:Global default values for construction methods
After looking in the manuals Construction, it becomes clear that frequently many more parameters can be specified than are visible in the models. For example, a model can be completely
supplied with parameters but there are still missing parameters which can be supplementary
specified by the user. In addition to the most important parameters, you can later specify further
parameters - or also exclusively - in the manual parameter input in the tab Steel construction
via the tab Specifications:
During the manual editing process you can recognise that earlier modifications were carried
out at the parameters in the Graphic Input because these modifications can be found below
the comment line @---automatically appended ---. Further specifications can be attached at the end of the parameter file.
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If, at the end of the

editing process, several
entries are available for a
parameter value, the last
value in the file will always be considered.
Delete contents of
editing window
Open content of the
editing window in a bigger editor
If all parameters to the

construction are sufficiently edited, you can
exit from the tab Steel
construction by confirming with OK. Then you
must pick the members
for the connection in accordance with the relevant
message
and
depending on the selected construction type (for
example master and slave).
4.2.1.
Load original file of the

current construction type
Save edited construction

rules (company-specific
and/or frequently required parameter sets)...
... ... and/or read in
available parameter
Recalculate connection
All executed parameter settings are saved together with the created connection which was
created with the corresponding method.The advantage is that complete connections can be
calculated again if you only want to modify individual parameters. For doing that you can open
the function Recalculate connection in the menu Construction.The following dialog window
opens:
Determines how the
current dates of the
construction to be
picked shall be considered.
If active, new window
with current parameters is then opened
After leaving the dialogue with OK, you must pick a member of the connection by which the
system is informed from which construction type the current parameters are supposed to be
taken over. These parameters containing the above mentioned settings are then displayed in
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the following window where they can be modified and/or complemented:
Here, you can replace

and/or complement
values
You must then pick a member from the connection and the construction will be calculated with
the new specifications.
4.2.2.
The reference plane
An important aspect during the construction of gusset plates with the aid of the construction
methods is the setting for the Reference plane.
.During the three-dimensional construction you are faced with the problem that the reference
plane is independent of the working plane, of the viewing direction as well as of the installation
position.The solution for this kind of problem is the reference plane. With the reference plane
you can determine an orientation for the gusset connection. With the help of this selection the
position of the longitudinal master from the connection to the reference plane is described. In
this case, principally two layers are distinguished: the stage position and the support position.
Stage position
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In the stage position, master and slave have a parallel position to the X-Y reference plane:
Y Re f
X Re f
Support position
In the support position, the central axis of the longitudinal master points in the direction of the
Z-reference axis:
Z Re f
Y
X
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4.3. Saving of connection definitions

In order to avoid that you must enter again already modified construction methods when loading again the method, you can save construction types with different specifications. For this
purpose, open the function Steel construction, select the required construction type and the
relevant parameters. Before saving this construction type, we recommend to test it first of all
and to correct it if required. Then open the Editor in the tab Specifications in the dialog window Steel construction < Construction by clicking the corresponding button:
After specifying the
construction type,
save it by clicking on
Save.
You should always

insert comments behind the modified/inserted parameters in
order to be able to
look up later the reasons for modifications. Keep your
entries according to
'column faithfulness'.
Comments are introduced with '@'.
After executing all settings and activating the button Save, the dialog window Save as original
file appears than and the specified construction type can be saved under an individual name:
Directory for saving the construction type as a file.
The variable $DSPE corresponds in this case to the
directory ..\customerdata\dspe.
The name of the created file consists of the here

assigned name as well as the code of the construction family as well as the number of the construction type - in this case - kno16spiel4.fsp.
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In order to load later saved specifications, you can activate the tab Load in the dialog window
Steel construction < Construction:
Now you can select the corresponding file in the following dialog window Load:
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Basics II. - Copy
5. Copy / Mirror
Often the construction is similar or even identical in different axes. For reasons of efficiency it
is often more reasonable to design a frame only one time and to copy or mirror it later instead
of constructing for example a complete hall frame each time again. In this case it is important
to make a complete copy e.g. of a hall frame, i.e. it must be copied with his secondary members, connections etc. Especially in case of small members errors might occur if no all members were copied together.
5.1. Selection of the start list

The bocad-system offers the possibility to copy elements, i.e. members, bolts, joints etc., via
already existing points. You may also create new points in the source and the target plane. In
this case source points are those geometrical places where the copies (later also mentioned
original) are touched and target points are those points where the copies are stored.
The number of the source and/or target points that are used for copying can vary (1, 2, or 3
points). The point number of source and target does not have to be identical.The different number of points of the source and target plane has different effects while copying.They are now
introduced in detail.The function can be loaded via the entry Copy :via points in the menu Copy:
Here you can carry out the following

three settings:
x, y as picked leaves the x- and y- coordinate individually in selectable form,
keep x pressed y individually selectable, however x constant and keep y
Choose the setting Direct for the copying individual elements (members,
bolts, three dimensional points, three
dimensional graphics, three dimensional dimension), in case of e.g. complete connections the setting
Basic settings concerning copying via points
5.1.1.
Determination of the source and the target via one point
This is the most frequent application. After loading that function, the user is asked by the bocad-system to indicate the elements to be copied. This can be done by separately picking all
members and/or by enclosing a selection area with the help of your left mouse button ("Lasso").
After completing the list of the members to be copied, confirm it by pressing the return key and/
or by double-clicking with your left mouse button the last element. Then indicate the source
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Basics II. - Copy
point Q1 which is used as a reference point. By indicating the target point Z1, this point will be
copied with its distance to the copies at this place:
Original
Copy
Q1
5.1.2.
Z1
Determination of the source and the target via two points
Unlike the copying process via one point, while copying via two points you can align the copies
again by fixing the first point and rotating the second one (or vice versa):
Z1
Q2
Original
Copy
Z1
Q1
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Basics II. - Copy
5.1.3.
Determination of the source and the target via three points
With the help of this function, if indicated a third plane point, it is possible to carry out a supplementary rotation of the copies around a defined X-axis.
Z3
Copy
Z2
Original
Q2
Q3
Q1
5.1.4.
Z1
Copy by dimension
Apart from Copy :via points the bocad-system offers the alternative to copy elements via dimensions. It is possible to enter dimensions in direction of all coordinate axes. This refers to
the coordinate system of the selected working plane which is normally the representation plane. The representation plane is the plane in which you find the elements to be copied. All main
views, the global plane or the representation plane can be selected as working plane. You find
the function Copy:via dimension in the menu Copy:
In addition to the copying dimensions, you
can use replicator
signs for multiple copies. For example, by
inserting n: (dimension) you will create n
copies.
For the selection of individual members and
For the selection of all

members which were created with one function (e.g.
bolt group). You only need
to pick a member of the
group for your selection.
Dimensions are interpreted relatively by default value. With input

of a: (dimension) you
can also copy absolutely to the working plane.
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For the selection of all

members which will be
connected in the workshop. By picking one member all MAIN POSITIONS
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Basics II. - Copy
5.2. Mirror
The function Mirror can also be found in the menu Copy and makes it possible to mirror elements along a mirror axis. For this purpose, the geometrical places (Points) must either be defined by the local situation or before be created with the help of the point package of the bocadsystem. By means of a hall frame we want to explain how you can design with this function.
Prerequisite
The left half of a hall frame was designed and shall now be mirrored onto the right side:
Execution
After selection the function Mirror in
the menu Copy, you can open the
settings for this function by clicking
your right mouse button.
In the Start list you should select the
setting Construction group so
that all members of a construction
group will be marked. Thus it can be
prevented that members remain unconsidered during the mirroring.
After confirming the dialog box with
OK the user will see a message asking him to pick those members he
wants to mirror. The marking of the
members can alternatively be carry
out by marking a selection area with
your pressed left mouse button.
Note:
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Basics II. - Copy
After marking all members to be mirrored, press the return key. Then define the mirror axis
in accordance with the message by at least two and at the most three points. In this example
these are the points of the central axis of the construction:
Mirror axis
Points of the
mirror axis
Result
After defining the mirror axis by indicating the points the marked members can be mirrored
at the indicated axis:
5.3. New connection partners

Sometimes the copies includes different connections which are also copied from the source
place and are faced, however, with a new connection situation at the final target. The behaviour
of this connection at the final target can be controlled with regard to his connection elements
and the new connection partners.
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Basics II. - Copy
Every connection is calculated

again in accordance with the setting in New connection partners
on the tab Parameters at the final
target unless the setting maintain is activated. Bolts, seams
and structural connection (these
are normally deleted) can here be
independently switched. The setting search finds new connection
partners and extends for example
bolts, provided that this is necessary. Loose prevents drill holes in
the connection partners. Delete
executes the connection for example without seams.
copied elements
Bolts are automatically extended for copy
available elements
New calculation in case of copied connections
5.4. Opened references

So-called open references can arise by copying or moving elements. An opened reference is
a connecting mean which has less connection partners than before the copying process. This
situation arises if not all connection partners are found at the final target and the partner search
has thus remained unsuccessful.
opened reference
after the copying
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Basics II. - Copy
As countermeasures you find three different modes in the dialog windows for
copying and also for moving
members for handling opened references. The setting maintain links the
connecting mean to the old connection
partner. Loose disconnects the link to
the old connection partner and delete
deletes the connection at the final target. These settings are controllable
both for bolts and for seams.
5.5. Possible controls

Before and after copying or mirroring elements, controls of the current situation should be executed. These controls can prevent a later modification of the construction. In the bocad-system
different control functions are available. The fastest and most normal form of the analysis is the
optical control. For this purpose, you only need to open a total perspective (for example View
> Perspective) and to get an overview concerning the source and/or target place. This should
be executed before and after copying or mirroring.
Controls before copying or mirroring
After loading the function for copying
and/or mirroring and opening the dialog window with your right mouse button, there you can carry out the
optical control of the current handling
list via the icon the icon Show filter
result.
In order to do that, click first the icon
in the dialog window and then collect
the members to be handled. When
the list of the members is complete,
terminate it with the return key. Then,
a new view window opens, in which
the members of the created handling
list are displayed. Here you optically
control whether the list is complete. If
this is the case, the required function
can be executed with the further settings in this window. Otherwise the
list can be established again, by
clicking one time more the icon and
picking the members again.
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Icon Show filter results
Basics II. - Copy
Controls after copying or mirroring
If the copying or mirroring process of a

construction was already carried out
you should carry out a supplementary
control of the opened references (cf.
section Opened references). This
function can be executed in the dialog
window of the function for copying and/
or mirroring on the tab Info. As soon as
the button Opened references is activated, all references are controlled with
regard to their status (i.e. open or lokked). As a result, all opened references
are displayed in order in a window. If a
message box with the message List is
empty! appears, no opened references
were found in the construction.
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Basics II. - File
6. Library
With the help of this function, you can save designed details, construction sections, data base
graphics etc. in a database. Later, you will have access to created files from any project. By
using this database, constructions contained in one specific project are available for any project.
6.1. Exporting sub areas of the model

Create directory of library
Before contents can be saved in the database, an already available database must be specified or a new must be created. First of all we want to explain how to create a new library
and/or target database. After selecting the entry Model: Library in the menu File the dialog
window Library < File appears.
In order to create at first a directory of the library in which elements can later be saved, you
have to proceed as follows:
Select the option Export/Delete

...
... Click icon ... Create new file,
enter name for directory of the library and confirm with the return
key...
... ..click the new file so that it appears in the input field Directory
...
and create library for the marked file via the button make directory for library.
Note:
For reasons of clarity, we recommend to create this file either next to the project
directory below the file ..\bocad or below the file ..\bocad\customerdata.
Principally, any file place can be selected. For example, you can also create a
directory bocad on a server were you can establish the library. Although the library name can be individually assigned, its contents should be as recognisable
as possible (for example library_anchorplates).
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Basics II. - File
Export of elements into library

Now you export elements from every opened project into the created directory. For this purpose, select at first the tab Created in the dialog window Library < File. Then, assign an
individual access name for each element to be exported (for example anchor_plate_3).
This access name must be entered in the input line Access name.
Choose tab Created, ...
... indicate an access name for

the export element....
... indicate whether e.g. individual member or a construction
group shall exported...
... and activate button Select/
Create in order to select export
elements.
Set the reference point of the member
with the button Set anchor. In this case, the definition is carried out via one
to three points to be picked .In this case, the construction is created via one
point, in case of two points created
and rotated and in case of three
points, created, twisted and rotated.
Finally, you must confirm this dialog window with OK. The selected export element will then
be saved in the library with the specified Access name.
6.2. Import
In order to import later data from the created library into a project, you must select again the
entry Model < Library in the menu File and then activate the option Import in the dialog window
Library < File.
When importing individual elements, i.e. members, construction groups etc. it does not matter
whether the import elements are completely taken over since loaded elements any can be processed as required.
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Basics II. - File
The directory of the library for the import can be selected on the tab Access name:
First of all, select the option Import, ...

... choose the required directory of the library on the tab Access name ...
... and select element in the library:
By name via button Content

and then selection in selection
list
or graphically via the icon Library content preview.
The quickest way to select an element to be imported is to use the button Content which reads
the access names of the library elements into the selection list on the left side. Alternatively,
you can open the content of the library via the icon Library content preview in a graphic preview:
Representation control
Overview of
the content
of the libra-
Preview of
the selected elements
Choice of the
selected elements
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Basics II. - File
After clicking the access names (for example anchorplate_3), the element belonging to the
name will be loaded from the library into the display window. The representation of the picture
can be controlled by means of the representation icons in the top window area. Click on the
button Ready for the transfer of the library element into the construction.
After selecting the element, you will automatically return to the dialog window Library < File
where the selected access name was taken over. Now you can confirm the dialog window with
OK in order to place then the library element as usual via points at the required place in the
project.
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7. Constructional modifications
7.1. Stretch/Shorten
If you specify a stretching-plane, you can stretch or shorten and/or shift a construction with the
function Stretch/Shorten in the menu Work on members. The intersection of the members
with the stretching-plane is the important factor to decide whether the members shall be stretched, shortened or shifted. Members intersected vertically (+/- limit angle) by the stretchingplane will be stretched or shortened. The other elements will only be shifted if they are on the
moved side.
Elements can only be stretched or shortened in the direction to their longitudinal axis.
In the following example we will explain how it can be assured that in case of a later handling
of the construction by that function, the support of a hall frame (HEA300) with its external flanges will be set flush on the axis (axis 1) (cf. following illustration). The support on the right
side shall maintain its position and the roof inclination shall remain unchanged on both sides.
This means for the inclined bolt that it must be shortened by the height dimension of the supports.
In this situation, there are two basic procedures which will no be explained in detail.
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7.1.1.
Shortening via perpendicular stretching-plane
The dimension by which the hall bolt must be shortened is not known for the time being. It is
possible to determine this dimension is by creating a point in X-direction with 50% of the profile
height, i.e. with a distance of 145 mm, e.g. via the function Points > Add.
Based on the basic and the new point the angle of the inclined roof then be rotated via the
function Points > Rotate angle - with selected option Basic line: Pick. Then, the same angle
will be rotated from the second point, this time, however, with the option Basic line: +Y.
Now, we have four points which are be intersected via the function Points > Intersection. The
result is a fifth point. The stretching value for the bolt is based on the distance between point1
and point5. In this example it is 137.351 mm (cf. illustration next page).
In the next step we load the function Stretch/Shorten in the menu Work on members and we
open the corresponding dialog window by clicking our right mouse button. Here, we first enter
a stretching value with a minus sign; a positive value would stretch the elements.
By setting Constructional groups, secondary members

will be considered
as well during the
stretching and/or
shortening process.
Negative value for

shortening elements.
A limit angle is rotated to the stretching-plane.
Members are considered provided that
they placed with
their member axis
Select Proj on axis on

the tab Parameters if
you want the stretching-plane to be vertically on the element.
If you then leave the tab with OK, you will see a message requesting you to indicate the members to be stretched or shortened and/or shifted. Since in the tab the setting Construction
group was selected, you only need to select the support(1), the sole plate(2) and the
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bolt(3):
After picking all members to be handled (1-3) and specifying the reference
member, you must define this point as
the stretching-plane.
After picking all members, a message asking for the reference member for the perpendicular axis appears. In this example the reference member is the bolt, since it shall
be shortened vertically on the perpendicular axis.
Then you must still specify the point of the stretching-plane and the side to the left or right of
this plane that shall be shortened this can be, for example, a point nearby the support. The
specification of the stretching-side is the last information which is required for executing the
function.
Inclined roof was maintained.

Connections were taken over correctly.
Low end has incorrect

height after loading the
function - therefore modification is required!
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As you can recognise in the previous diagram, the top edge of the support flange levels now
with row 1. Here, it is absolutely necessary that all connections e.g. bolts, welded seams etc.
of the frame edge and/or of the low end were moved correctly to the new situation. Row 1, for
example, stands for any point on which the construction shall be alligned with the aid of the
function Stretch/Shorten.
As you can recognise in the diagram, the support is positioned flush with the row, however,
having a closer look on the low end, you will see that the low end was shifted in its height. The
reason therefore is that the support was moved in the Y direction, i.e. it still has its original
length.
Now you can move the sole plate into the correct position by stretching it. Be sure to define the
stretch plane that only the support is stretched and that the sole plate will be moved by the corresponding stretching-dimension.
The determination of the stretching-dimension is realised by dimensioning the distance between low end and the required position (for example point distance in Y). As you can recognise
in the following illustration, the support is stretched and at the same time, the low end is moved
with the help of the stretching-dimension and a horizontal stretching-plane (determination of
the stretching-plane again with the option on Proj on axis).
In order to move the low end downward, the stretching-side must be below the stretching-plane:
Point of the stretchingplane
Point for the specification of the stretching

side
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7.1.2.
Shortening via vertical stretching-plane
Unlike Shortening via perpendicular stretching-plane, the stretching-plane of the bolt will
be now in vertical direction. Specify half the outline height as value of shortening and define the
stretching-plane is defined via 2 or 3 points:
Limit angle must

be set in accordance with the
inclined roof so
that the bolt will
be marked.
Choose the option

of 2 or 3 points on
the tab Parameters.
Before defining the stretching-plane, you must first create two points which are vertically positioned one below the other, related to the working plane, i.e. they do no have any x-distance
between each other. For doing that you can use various functions the point package.
Previously created points
Moved side
Stretching-plane for bolts
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After carrying out the function, the surface will be as presented in the following illustration:
Bolt was shortened by 145

mm in horizontal direction
The elements of the construction group must still

be moved vertically
Elements of the frame

were moved by 145 mm to
the right
The elements of the module, i.e. arch plate, rib in the bolt etc. must now still be moved in vertical
direction.
.For this purpose, load again the function Stretch/Shorten and stretch the support by the stretching-dimension which is calculated in the same way as described in the section Shortening
via perpendicular stretching-plane. Thus, the stretching-plane extends perpendicularly
through the support and the specified construction group.
Moved side
Stretching
plane
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Basics II. - Outputs
8. Positioning
Description
On positioning the members of a construction are allocated clear position numbers. These
numbers are used in the creation of drawings or selections. For that:
# the main members and secondary members are generated by main positions;
# the position numbers for main and secondary members are allocated;
# Numbers of items of the main positions and of the secondary members are generated;
# Member lengths, weights entered, which for example are taken in the selections;
# Coordinating systems are rendered, so that for example supports always run from below
to above.
Explanation of "Outputs / Positioning / Automatic Marking"
The simplest and, for standard situations, the often sufficient possibility of the positioning is the
Automatic marking in the Outputs menu which is implemented according to firm defaults:
# All un-positioned members, as well as all members constructively altered according to an
already effected positioning are examined.
# For identity with already positioned members are - under increase of the number of items
- taken on the appropriate position numbers.
# Already positioned and non-altered members retain their position numbers.
# For already positioned members the previous position number is retained after constructive change, if they only occur once, or have all experienced the same alteration. Otherwise the younger, differing, changed members receive new position numbers.
# Altered members who can not keep their position numbers and all previously un-positioned members receive the next free number. These are aligned according to the start position number, which is taken either from the Members-Creation-Box or from the presetting of the automatic positioning (1 for main members, 1001 for secondary members).
The higher number is decisive here.
8.1. Advanced marking

Description
A positioning over the Advanced marking is effected with their pre-settings analogous to the
Automatic assignment, but can however be adapted to differing requirements contrary to these.
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Explanation of the "Outputs / Positioning / Advanced Marking" dialogue box

Relevant for Roof & Wallt!
See chapter Bent plate Outputs!
See chapter Determination

of flat material
Working list
The Working list establishes the working scope within which the members are examined and
the position numbers are given. The members are basically examined according to the following criteria:
#
possible identity (geometry),

# position number and mark text (if already positioned),
# name and material,
# member family and mark family,
# identity number,
# commentaries.
These criteria can be individually adapted (see Positioning < Outputs explanation dialogue
box).
Consideration list
On the consideration list is established the scope of the members with which the positions from
the working list should be compared. Thereby,
"
existing position numbers are transferred to new positions,

" numbers of items of existing positions are adapted,
" new positions are added to the assemblies of the working scope.
Hint
With the definition of the consideration list another setting as Whole construction (e.g. phase) leads frequently to false results.
Receive old position numbers

If the option to receive old position numbers is activated, positions which have not changed
are not adapted for renewed positioning. I.e. their position numbers remain held, new positions
are correspondingly limited or given new numbers. This behaviour is generally preset.
Consider
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Above all, after changes the construction is to be observed with renewed marking on the activated small control boxes!
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Completely new numbers

With the production of members start position numbers for secondary or main members can be
given. If the option Completely new numbers remains deactivated, then the creation start position numbers are considered for the positioning; i.e. if for a secondary member the start position number 1201 was given for example, the position receives the number 1201. If this
number has already been given to this, or to another position run, then this position receives
the next free serial number.
If the adjustment met during the member production should remain unconsidered for positioning, the option for main or/and secondary members can be activated.
If the option receiving old position numbers is deactivated and the option Completely new
numbers is activated, for the positioning run the position numbers, for the already positioned,
as well as for the newly produced members are re-issued.
:Attention:
The deactivation of both small control boxes leads definitively to the issue of
completely new position numbers for continuation runs after changes. Should a
completely new position number issue be desired, use first of all the Outputs /
Un-positioned Condition function and then restart the positioning.
Modification index ... attach
So that changed positions receive a Modification index, activate the small control box before
attaching. Positions which were newly adjusted or were modified in their member geometry,
name etc. and receive a new position number, are seen in this way with a modification index.
also for number of items modifications.
Such positions, whose number of items change, receive a modification index, you can activate
the option also for number of items modifications.
Hint
The activated small control box is only then effective, also if the Modification
Index option .. attach is switched on.
More
Via the More button you reach the Positioning < Output dialogue box. Here you can e.g. carry
out adjustments for position number areas, or modify the comparison criteria for the positionings.
Version 20.000
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Explanation
Position numbers issue

Via the options of the areas of the Position numbers issue you can influence the position
numbers, i.e. their designation type.
!
Introduce assembly positions

Members who are geometrically identical, but who are differentiated through affiliated secondary members, receive different position numbers. You can regulate this behaviour with
regard to production (e.g. saw members of the same lengths):
no
no is the general default value. Thus, members with the same geometry and different secondary members receive different position
numbers.
Pos. 1
Pos. 2
(without secondary member)
(with secondary member)
Different position numbers for geometrically identical members!
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always
To summarize geometrically identical positions independently of their

secondary members in one position number, you can introduce assembly positions. In an assembly position each members becomes a
secondary member. Therefore they receive the position number of a
secondary member (default value begins with 1001). Thus, each secondary member is automatically allocated to the superior main position the previously relevant differentiation is no longer necessary.
Z.pos. 1
Z.pos. 2
Geometrically identical members receive the same position number despite

of having different secondary members.
if assembly
By choosing this option, secondary members for the identity check

are only introduced if they have several parts.
Pos. 1
(one part)
Dr.Pos. 2
Dr.Pos. 3
(several parts)
(several parts)
Members of drawing positions consisting of several parts are summarized in

case of identity.
!
Weight determination
The introduced assembly positions can be given out in a structure list. In order to get weights
for the assembly positions, you must introduce these (on always, or in the case of in several
parts) and activate the small control box before the weight option.
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Automatic prefix
So that you are able to better recognize positions, e.g. related to their profile type or with
regard to their allocation to a phase in drawings or selections, there is the possibility to modify their position text and assign them a prefix.
no
no is the general default value. By choosing that default value, no

member will receive a prefix..
Standard prefix
In many cases, you can use the standard prefix in order to differentiate positions; i.e. your positions will thus be checked in accordance
with the following characteristics and be provided the corresponding
prefix in the position text. You can differentiate as follows:
# Designation
# Profile type
# Material
# Member family
# Phase
The positions and the allocation of prefixes will only be carried out if
you make the corresponding input in SPOS.INP.
Phase prefix
Originally, the phase prefix was provided for using prefixes for phases. You may, however, use it as well for various other elements.
Therefore, you must carry out the corresponding inputs in
SPOS.INP.
Hint:
By choosing the following way you find a list of all possible designation for the phase prefix:
" In the Outputs main menu click the Advanced marking entry
under positioning.
" Click the icon Set filter criteria behind the option Working
list.
" Select the tab User filter in the inferior part of the dialogue box
Member filter.
" Open the selection list Key list in the dialogue box More members via the tab Key.
There, you will find more than 100 keys you may use as phase prefixes.
In addition you can establish number areas for special members herewith (see explanations
SPOS.INP).
!
New beginning per prefix

Every adjustment with this option accesses the data in the SPOS.INP.
no
no is the general default value. Thus, all positions are subsequently

numbered and the start numbers in SPOS.INP are considered, if required (see also Pomin_).
yes
If you set Yes, each element group will be numbered with the correspondingly assigned prefix with the determined start position number Pomin_. Therefore, in the position text may appear identical
position numbers with different prefix (e.g. in case of settings for the
profile type: I201 and C201). These members are, however, not
identical from a geometric point of view.
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Main members
If setting the option Main members, only for each prefix will be counted in case of main members.
Secondary members
If you set the option Secondary members, only secondary members will be considered for the New beginning per prefix.
Marking sequence
Here you establish the marking sequence of the positions
Creation
Phase / Profile type/

length
By setting Creation, the first created member will be numbered. The next created member will be subsequently numbered, etc..
First of all, all members in the first member system will be positioned. There, the profile types are checked in sequence
and are correspondingly numbered: I, L, Z, U, BL,
ROUND, PIPE, MSH, C,T, Special, Special Rot(ation
symmetric). Subsequently, the members are processed in
accordance with their length. The longest member receives
the next free number. Then, the next member system will be
checked and the members will be processed like in the first
system, etc.
Modification index in position

Depending on project size or requirements with the order, it makes sense to attach position
numbers to a modification index. With this option the index can be switched off or on:
no
yes
If you set no, the positions will be positioned without modification index during the next positioning process.
'yes' is generally preset. Thus, modified and new positions will be indexed during the next positioning process. Modified positions are:
" new members or main positions,
" members with modified geometry,
" main positions with secondary members which were modified
concerning geometry, position or connection form.
These modified positions receive the modification index registered in
the superior box.
Comparison criteria
In this area you can determine the characteristics of the members to be positioned and their
type, as they should be relevant for the positioning.
!
Potential identity
For the positioning the elements of the working list are compared with one another. Additionally, the potential identity of the elements is generally determined, with regard to the geometry (length, height, breadth, depth, gaps, breaches, copings etc.) and with regard to the
profile type. I.e. the members are compared with one another and in the case of potential
similarity, these members receive the same position number. In addition, the working
scope can be limited or subdivided:
entire working list
Version 20.000
The entire working list is preset. That means that all elements of the working list will be compared with each other
concerning their identity.
26.04.05
Work on phases
only guidance parts TS

wise
new members - new

position
!
If you set Work on phase, the member systems will be chekked individually. If for example, both in member system 1 and
member system 2 identical members are found, these ones
will not receive the same position number.
If you set the option only guidance parts TS wise, all main
members from different member systems which are potentially identical, will receive different position numbers. Secondary
members will remain unconsidered for this setting. Identical
secondary members in different member systems will receive
the same position number.
The identity of the elements is not significant in the alternative
new members - new position. Every member will receive a
new position number, independently of its identity. .
Position number / Mark Text / Designation / Material / Members / Mark Family / Identity Number / Commentary
Independent of geometry and profile type, the position relevance for other characteristics of
the members can also be set. For the characteristics listed in the title the following adjustments can be met:
no
yes
Main
members
Secondary
members
Standard
members
A characteristic with a no-setting is not relevant for the position.

A characteristic with a yes-setting is relevant for the position. That means: If members are identical concerning their geometry and profile type, but differ with regard to the yes-setting, they receive nevertheless
different position numbers. If, for example, the characteristic Designation was set as relevant for the position in case of the same profile and
the same geometry, two members will receive the same position number in case of identical designation. If there also exists a different designation - as well orthographically (e.g. TRAEGER and Traeger) - , the
positions will receive different numbers.
In case of the option Only main members, only the relevant position of
main members for the selected characteristic will be considered.
In case of the option Only secondary members, only the relevant position of secondary members for the selected characteristic will be
considered.
In case of the option Only standard members, only the relevant position of standard members for the selected characteristic will be considered.
Position numbers issue screws

The positioning of screws can be knokked on in this area. The following adjustments can be
carried out:
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Type of positioning
For the Type of positioning of screws there are three setting possibilities:
none
Garniture elements
Complete bolts
Bolts will not be positioned if the setting none was selected (presetting is none)
In case of the setting Garniture elements, the garniture elements
of the bolt will be positioned.
If Complete bolts is set as option, only the complete bolt will be
positioned.
Explanation of the "SPOS.INP" dialogue window

The SPOS.INP is a settings file for positioning. In this you can carry out inputs to determine
number ranges and to evaluate mark text prefixes. By clicking on the button the file is opened
in an input window:
This file is organized into two areas: on the one hand is the area for the input of the Standard
prefix (above) and on the other for the input of the Member system prefix (below). However,
Version 20.000
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our main focus is oriented first of all on the following three lines:
The first two sign always
introduce a line which will
not be read and evaluated.
The first line shows the decimals of the table, in this

case, the 30th decimals
The second line shows

the individual decimals of
the table, in this case, the
55th decimal!
/*
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
/*345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890
/*Bezeichnung
Prf_l
Pomin_l Pomax_l Prf_a
Pomin_a Pomax_a
The third line has the

function of the header of
the table. It shows what you
must enter in each column!
The decimal where the title was entered is also the

decimal where you must enter the corresponding value into the lines beneath (whilst keeping within the
columns).
This concerns the text display in a table. These lines help you to carry out the necessary or
desired inputs in the file whilst keeping within the columns. For working it is recommended to
put the three lines directly over the working lines. In this way it is easier to work within the columns.
Explanation of the page headers elements of SPOS.INP
Designation
As designation you input the characteristic, from which a prefix should be put before the mark
text (Designation, Profile Type, Member Family or Phase). The first character of the designation is generally in the first position on a line. A figure directly after the designation (e.g.
(PRFTYP1) assigns the appropriate prefix to a special profile type (in this case the I-profile).
Prf_l / _a
After Prf_ input the prefix text. This can be a maximum of 8 characters long ("column width").
You can use different prefixes for Prf_I (prefix for main members) and Prf_a (prefix for secondary members).
Pomin_l / _a
Here you establish the lower position figure for main and secondary members. A maximum of
8 figures are possible. With these figures the elements should be counted up with the given
prefix. If you establish number ranges for the prefixes exactly (e.g. I-profiles should generally
start with the position number 101, C-profiles with 201, etc.) and you choose the start position
numbers for these different element characteristics relatively closely together, you will have
established as a rule more elements (I-profiles) in your project than numerically through Pomin
in SPOS.INP (e.g.: you have more than 100 I-profiles). I.e. the following start position number
may possibly not be considered. (e.g.: you have 104 I-profiles, so it is counted up to number
'204'; the position number for the C-profile can therefore not be kept ['201'], so the first C-profile
is counted with 205.
Files which were read in from the SPOS.INP are considered as a matter of priority. I.e. determining the beginning position figure in the POS/Main Menu dialogue box remains unconsidered, depending on setting in the SPOS.INP for the elements / positions given there.
Version 20.000
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Pomax_l / _a
These settings remain

unconsidered, depending on the input in
SPOS.INP.
With this figure (max. 8 figures) you establish the position numbers' upper limit. If the limit is
very highly placed (999999) then this has no effect. Set the limit relatively low, this has an effect
on the subsequent positioning runs if you have positioned, worked over elements. Should positions of a prefix type be deleted, these positions are furnished with initialized positions of the
same type. With higher upper limits the regular next position number for new positions is automatically used; so no existing gaps are closed.
!
Standard prefix
In order to be able to use the Standard prefix setting, the corresponding inputs must be
entered in the box. The following examples illustrate here possible procedures:
/* 1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
/
*34567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123
4567890
/*Bezeichnung
Prf_l Pomin_l Pomax_l Prf_a Pomin_a Pomax_a
/*==============================================================================
/* Settings for DESIGNATION
/* --------------------------/*TRAEGER
TR 1 249 tr 5001 5249
/*STUETZE
ST 251 499 st 5251 5499
You must eleminate the first two

signs in those lines to be used
for the positioning.
Version 20.000
26.04.05
Thus, you can also enter

here other elements via
the corresponding characteristic.
or for profile types:

/* 1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
/
*34567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123
4567890
/*Designation
/*==============================================================================
/* Settings for PROFIL TYPES
/* ----------------------------/*PRFTYP1
I 1 249 i 5001 5249
/*PRFTYP2
L 251 499 l 5251 5499
/*PRFTYP5
BL 501 999 bl 5501 5999
or for member families

/* 1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
/
*34567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123
4567890
/*Designation
/*==============================================================================
/* Settings for MEMBER FAMILY
/* -----------------------------/*TKG50
101 249
5001 5249
/*TKG174
1501 1999
6501 6999
Hint:
!
A mixture with entering the characteristics leads to undefined results. Therefore, for the positioning only input prefixes for one type of characteristic.
Phase prefix
Inputs for phases are only considered if you have carried out the Phase prefix setting for
the automatic prefix in the GM3DEF dialogue box. There are two possibilities for generating a position number prefix for phases. The first possibility works according to the pattern
of the standard prefixes:
/* 1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
/
*34567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123
4567890
/*Designation
/*==============================================================================
/* Settings for MEMBER SYSTEM
/* ---------------------------/*TS1
BA_1_ 1001 1999 ba_1_ 10001 104999
/*TS2
BA_2_ 2003 2999 ba_2_ 20001 204999
/*?
BA_3_ 5003 5999 ba_3_ 50001 504999
The question mark (in bocad called joker) considers all the other member systems and provides them with the corresponding prefix. The joker may also
be used in case of other characteristics.
You input the designation of the element which is to receive a prefix, in addition to the prefix
text (max. 8 characters) and the position number, with which it is to be started. In this way
you can, e.g. position in the manner of phase of construction, if you have laid down your phases according to the single phases of construction of your project.
With the two possibilities (this is used with the choice of Phase prefix previously inputted)
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prefixes are directly determined for the main member PrefixP and for the secondary member PrefixS.
/* 1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
/*34567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789
/*Designation
/*=============================================================================
/* Settings for MEMBER SYSTEM (pre-setting procedure)
/* ---------------------------PrefixP=DA-11
PrefixS=DA-11
DA-11 =?
TS
Here the two signs /* were already eleminated and
this setting will be correspondingly read.
If geometrically similar elements have different prefixes, so that different phases are assigned, you receive the same position number nevertheless.
Hint
8.1.1.
If the modified inputs are also used in further projects, the SPOS.INP conversion
table can be saved via the Save to Client button generically in the client file directory. For positioning in later projects these modified settings can be brought
in via the Store from the client button.
Positioning with prefix for the designation in the position designation
Example:
Prerequisite
In the following procedure the necessary settings are shown as an example, with which determined elements of the construction with a particular prefix and within a separate number range
are able to be positioned via the Advanced marking. In addition, all members to be positioned
with the designation Bolt are to be positioned with the prefix R and increasing from the number
301, if it concerns a main member and with the prefix r and the start position number 3001, in
so far as it concerns the transom for a secondary member.
Procedure
"
"
"
"
"
"
Call up the function Positioning: Advanced marking in the Outputs menu.

For Start and Working list input the Whole construction.
Open via the More button the Positioning < Outputs dialogue box.
Input the Standard prefix option for the Automatic prefix.
Click behind the SPOS.INP button to open the input window with the configuration file.
Put the mouse on the position on which you wish to insert lines and input an empty line with
< > , e.g. in the following way:
/* 1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
/*345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890
/*Designation
/*==============================================================================
/* --------------------------/*...
/*...
"
highlight with pressed left mouse button the default lines from the existing examples in
Version 20.000
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SPOS.INP.
" Click the right mouse button to choose the Copy option in the opened context menu.
" Put the mouse pointer at the start of the previously inserted empty lines, click first of all the
left, then again the right mouse button and now choose the Insert option.The result should
look something like the following:
/* 1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
/*345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890
/*Bezeichnung
/*==============================================================================
/* --------------------------DESIGNATION FOR TESTING
LT 201 999999 AT 2001 999999
"
Replace the existing text now in the following way (pay attention to the columns!):
/* 1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
/*345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890
/*Bezeichnung
/*==============================================================================
/*
/* --------------------------R 301 999999 r 3001 999999
"
"
Confirm your inputs in the configuration file with the OK button.

Confirm as well both dialogue boxes of the advanced marking with OK.
Result
The positioning is started. The existing bolts in the construction are positioned and designated
according to the SPOS.INP file.
8.1.2.
Positioning with modification index in the position designation
Example:
Prerequisite
You have a positioned project. Alterations of a geometric and/or number of items nature have
been carried out to already positioned elements. Additionally, new members were constructed.
Now it is to be re-positioned.
Procedure
"
"
"
"
"
"
Call up the function Positioning: Advanced marking in the Outputs menu.

For the start and working list input the Whole construction.
Activate the options of Receive Old Positions, Attach Modification Index and also for
number of items modification.
Click the More button in order to open the Positioning<Outputs box.
Check whether the Modification Index in position is set on yes. If this is not the case,
change it appropriately.
Confirm both dialogues with OK, so that the positioning is started once again.
Version 20.000
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Result
All positions are newly examined and index or position numbers are issued:
!
Modified positions retain the modification index. Their position number is retained if the
position only occurs once, or if all positions have experienced the same modification.
! New positions receive new position numbers and are equipped with the modification index.
! Positions whose number of items has altered though the deleting or altering of members
are equipped in any case with the modification index. Their position numbers do not
change.
8.2. Convert member characteristics before positioning

Before the positioning material and profile designations, as well as designations can be aimed,
altered or standardised with the help of conversion tables. Via these tables for example it can
be ensured that material designations are designated in line with old DIN designations on drawings or selections universally in line with new DIN.
Explanation of the dialogue box "Work on Members / Characteristics / Convert Characteristic"
Start list
Via the start list you establish the working scope for the conversion of member characteristics.The scope can be modified or precisely specified through the filter.
Convert material
Existing materials of members can be converted into new, other materials, if the small control
box is activated before the option and the output is knocked on via OK. As soon as the setting
is active the Table and return options are offered.
Table
If you click the table button the input window is opened with the conversion table for the appropriately activated characteristic.
return
The conversions defined in the tables can also be standardised in the opposite direction when
needed. For that the conversion is to be implemented with pressed return option. In this case
all existing designations from the correct column are exchanged for the assigned designations
from the wrong column.
Convert designation
Existing designations can be converted into new, if you have activated the small control box
before designation conversion and then have started the output with OK. This makes sense if
you want to standardize designations of members: e.g. MEMBER or member should become MemVersion 20.000
26.04.05
ber.
Set Profile
Existing profile designations can be converted into others, if the small control box is activated
before the option and the output is started with OK. So, for example the designations HEA_300
are converted to HE_300A in order to ensure, for example the transfer to other programmes.
Explanation of the 'Material' conversion table
In the Material Conversion Table the conversion from one material into another is defined. With
the input of conversions pay attention to the columns.
Do not use special signs!
This icon shows

that the line will
not be read.
LB
In the LB column is established, such as with empty marks before the designation is proceeded:
0
1
In case of 0, empty spaces in front of the designation will be deleted.

If you set 1 in the column, all empty spaces will be maintained.
MC
Via MC you determine the minimum quantity of letters in the determination:
0
Version 20.000
In case of 0, the original designation will be adopted.
26.04.05
>0
If you enter a number, the entered designation will be completed with the indicated number. If the designation is longer than the indicated number, the complete
designation will be maintained.
Wrong
In the Wrong column are the designations which should be replaced. So designations can be
'wrong' if the geometric details are after the actual designation (such as for example HEA_300
should be HE_300A) or in which the geometric details have the wrong sequence (such as
FL10*200 - should be FL200*10).
Correct
In the Correct column are the designations which are to be found later with the output usage.
Hint:
The conversion table for the Designation and the Profile designation works
analogous to the shown 'Material' conversion table.
ExampleConvert material designation from old to new DIN

Procedure
"
In the Work on members menu, click the Characteristics > Convert characteristic menu
option to open the dialogue box.
" Activate the small control box before converting material. Further options are displayed.
" Click on the Table button. This opens the input window with the conversion table.
" Define the conversion as portrayed in the following illustration (pay attention to the columns):
@ LB ! MC ! Wrong (31 letters) ! Correct (31 letters) !
@----!----!-------------------------------!-------------------------------!
! 0 ! 0 !RST37-2
!S235JRG2
"
Confirm the input and also the upper dialogue box with OK.
Result
Every found ST37-2 material is converted to S235JRG2. Already existing material designations
S235JRG2 or all other materials, if they have not been designated wrongly in the table, remain
undisturbed by the conversion.
Version 20.000
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8.3. Identity examination

Description
If members appear the same on the surface they may not inevitably be so. To check the identity
of two members, the identity examination can be brought in.
Explanation of the output "info > members: Identity examination"
The With the Output Info / Members / Identity Examination are two members examined with
regard to their identity. Additionally, they are compared with one another with regard to their
geometry, their detailing and their affiliation phase. As a result, identity is given in the protocol window, or however non-identity under details of the differences between the two members.
A particular case is illustrated by the mirrored members below. Through a reflection are pop
marks, which in the original form lie on the front side, in the mirrored form on the reverse side.
On this basis both these members receive different position numbers.
Created member, at the front

side of the web a popmark
was created.
Mirrored member, including popmark.
Unpositioned, mirrored members
Asigned position numbers

Positioned members with different position number (in spite of optical identity)
Example
Procedure
"
Choose in the Info menu the Identity Examination output.

Pick both members.
" Confirm after the second member with < >.
"
Version 20.000
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Result
The examination result is given in the trace window:
With that the results of the comparative characteristics are listed. With non-identity it is displayed in which characteristic the members are different (displayed here): differences in 3D model
holes).
8.3.1.
Set identically
Description
In special cases, geometrically and also other identical members can already receive once different position numbers. This can occur, for example if members are equipped with slotted holes. In this case the position of the screw can vary and this circumstance takes care of then the
different numbering. Precisely then can it make sense to set the positions identically.
Prerequisite for using the function
Before you take advantage of this output, you must previously examine the members most exactly which are to be identically set, on their geometry and identity, for example via the identity
examination or through a comparison of the member information.
Explanation
There are two setting possibilities in order to be set identically:
Member
Mark
For the activated Position option positions are identically set, which are recognized after a positioning run as not identical.
Version 20.000
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9. Drawing preparation
bocad-3D includes together with the drawing evaluation a module by means of which different
types of drawings can be created automatically. In the following table you will see an overview
of the most important drawing types:
Drawing type
File key
Plane view
(for example walls, roof surfaces etc.)
Perspectives
In general a dimetry or isometry.
Explosions
Main positions or individual components of the construction
Assemblies
Assembly drawings with automatically calculated

views and sections including automatic dimensioning.
Components
Workshop drawings of the single components with

automatic dimensioning.
Natural sizes
sheet-metal templates, scale 1:1
Unfolding
Possible for tubes, components to be unfolded and

rotation elements.
Appearance and form of the drawings can be largely adapted be means of a Control and these
settings can be saved as drawing pattern for other applications. For the simple application you
will find also numerous prepared control patterns which comply with the most usual requirements.
Main position drawing with dimensioning and parts list
The drawing evaluation creates drawings in the format .bmf_ (bocad metafile) and stores these
data in the separate directory plots below the project directory. In order to achieve an unambiguous distinction, the generated drawing files are named following convention: [fileVersion 20.000
26.04.05
Basics II - Outputs
key]_[phasenumber]_[positionnumber].bmf_.
Example: p_01_00022.bmf_
or in case of drawings related to planes, such as plane views, perspectives and explosions:
[filekey]_[name of the main view plane].bmf_
Example: pl_axis_1.bmf_
The entire use of the drawing evaluation is clearly carried out from a central dialog window selecting the required drawing type, adjusting the control parameters up to the generating the
complete drawings:..
Startlist with filters: defines area
to be considered for drawing generation
currently selected
drawing type
Configuration of the
current control
Selection and
display of
control pattern
%
Creation of the
left marked (i.e.
blue background)
drawing type.
Generation of all activated

drawing types (i.e. selected
with a tick)
Overview of the drawing types in

tree representation.
Tool bar with functions concerning drawing
In the tool bar of the dialog window you find the most important drawing functions of bocad. By
clicking the icons you can directly load the following functions:
Version 20.000
Show / work
Delete a selection of drawings
Print / Plot
Create nested drawings
Draw again position number
Drawing with 3D-Model adjustment
Global drawing settings
26.04.05
Ouputs - Drawing - Control
Drawing settings prepared by bocad

Description
bocad offers drawing patterns for the drawing generation in order to facilitate both the access
to the control and practice oriented results. By loading such drawing patterns, automatic settings in the dialog boxes of the drawing control are made. These settings comply with the major
part of all design and engineering offices.
In the following we will explain what kind of drawing patterns are available in bocad and what
kind of characteristics the drawing will have after being created with the help of the corresponding pattern.
Explanation of the designation of patterns
The designation of the control pattern is classified. First of all, they are classified in those modules they shall be used in:
!
!
!
!
!
!
Module
Roof & Wall
Glass construction
Timber building
Small fabricator
Steel construction
Abbreviation
Drawing type
pd_...
Permission drawings
Abbreviation
rw_...
gc_...
tb_...
sf_...
sc_...
Only exception::
xx_bocad is a standard pattern you will find for all drawing types. It is a summary of the frequently used settings we prepared for you. All other cases the abbreviation is followed by a
short description about the main property of that control set, e.g. st_3d_flashing.
Note:
An identical name of a pattern - like st_bocad - for different drawing types does
not mean that you will find the same settings. There only describe the same
main property of a drawing pattern.
List and explanation of drawing patterns classified by drawing type

You will find the tables on the next pages.
Explosions
Name of the control
gl_bocad
gl_pfost_rieg_gla
s
st_bocad
st_rahmen
Version 20.000
Scale
M 1 : ...
Frame
yes/no
&
variable 25/
50/100 &
Format
Particularities
variablr DIN
A2/A1/
A0
Items without seals, without insulators
&
50
&
Page
Represent only pillars and bolts

With position number
DIN
A1R
26.04.05
-/-
Main positions
Name der Steuerung
Scale
M 1 : ...
Frame
yes/no
gl_bocad
&
variable 5/
10/15/
25
ho_bocad
10
Particularities
&
DIN
A1Q
With shortening, with components, with grid

With part list for each main position
Dimensioning of the bolts
abs.+rel.
sl_o_raffung
10
&
DIN
A1Q
like sl_bocad
without shortening
sl_ans_o_raff
10
&
DIN
A1Q
like sl_bocad
with all views, without shortening
sl_ans_raff
10
&
DIN
A1Q
like sl_bocad
with all views, with shortening
sl_2_nachko
10
&
DIN
A1Q
like sl_bocad
with precision of two positions after decimal point
sl_minA3
&
variable 5/
10/15/
20/25
DIN A3 Copy of st_minA

With parts list for total number of
pieces
st_3d_blende
&
variable 5/
10/15/
25
varia for non-parallel flashing (3Dble DIN

flashing)
A3/A2
st_bocad
10
st_bogen
&
DIN
A1Q
&
With shortening, with components, with grid

With part list for each main position
Dimensioning of the bolts
abs.+rel.
like st_bocad without shortening
st_bo_red
&
Copy of st_bocad
Without components
Without parts list
st_bstzgstange
&
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Page
varia represent covered edges as invible DIN

sible
A3/A2
&
sl_bocad
Format
26.04.05
Main positions
Name der Steuerung
Scale
M 1 : ...
Frame
yes/no
st_minA3
&
variable 5/
10/15/
20/25
st_min_rahmen
10
Particularities
Page
DIN A3 Otherwise like st_minimal"
&
&
st_minimal
Format
DIN
A1R
Otherwise like st_minimal"
DIN
A1Q
Without shortening, without components, without parts list
Components
Name of the control
Scale
M 1 : ...
Frame
yes/no
Format
Particularities
dw_a4_formteile
&
variable
2/3/4/5/
7/10/
15/20
dw_a6_formteile
variable
1/2/5/
10/15/
25/50
&
93,6 x Front view of the current side

115,87 Without unfolding
5
comprises 4 DIN A6 frames
dw_ft_auszug
variable
1/2/5/
10/15/
20
&
DIN
A4H
for each cross section one drawing

Parts list including position number
best possible representation on
A4
Note: Activate filter for form
members!
gl_bocad
&
variable
1/2/5/7/
10
DIN
A4/A3
ho_bocad
10
DINA0
DIN A4 Front view of the current side

(for this purpose deactivate the
option Symbol for front view in
Extras / settings / drawings /
unfolding table)
With unfolding
&
sl_bocad
&
st_blech
&
like st_bocad
Without shortening
Note: Activate filter!
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Components
Name of the control
Scale
M 1 : ...
Frame
yes/no
Format
Particularities
st_blechA4
&
variable
1/2,5/5/
10/15/
20/25/
50
sl_o_stckz
10
&
DIN A0 like sl_bocad

without total quantity in block title
sl_2_nachko
10
&
DIN A0 like sl_bocad

with precision of two positions after decimal point
st_bocad
10
&
DINA0
DINA4
like st_blech
Without shortening
With bolt dimensions (without

popmark), with signature
st_bogen
&
like st_profil
Without shortening
No operation position
st_bstzgstange
&
&
st_lurohr_schnitt variable 1/2/
5/10
st_min_rahmen
10
DIN
A4/A3
&
Like st_bocad always with intersection (View from left)

For L-, U-profiles and tubes (because of rounding)
A0
simple
&
st_profil
Page
DINA0
like st_bocad
With complete dimensioning of
the drill abs.+rel.
st_profilA4
&
variable 2,5/
5/10/
25/50
DIN A4 like st_bocad

Dimensioning of the drill rel.
With shortening
st_sammelA4
&
variable 5/
10/15/
25/50
93,6 x like st_bocad

115,87 Dimensioning of the drill rel.
5
With shortening
comprises 4 DIN A6 frames
Natural sizes
Name of the control
sl_bocad
Version 20.000
Scale
M 1 : ...
Frame
yes/no
&
Format
Besonderheiten
Seite
(99999/
99999)
26.04.05
Natural sizes
Name of the control
Scale
M 1 : ...
Frame
yes/no
Format
Besonderheiten
st_bocad
&
99999
x
99999
st_brennfuge
&
(99999/ thick line for the burner way

99999) Designation at longest edge
With rounding radius
Seite
thick line for the outline

Designation at longest edge
Workshop and assembling bolts
with representation of the hole
Unfolding
Name of the control
st_bocad
Version 20.000
Scale
M 1 : ...
Frame
yes/no
&
Format
99999
x
99999
26.04.05
Particularities
Page
Dimension via length and height
9.1. Load a Drawing setting

Procedure
"
Click the entry Automatic in the main menu Outputs in Drawing, in order to open the dialog
box.
5
3
4
Result
All settings you need for a drawing are automatically choosen and executed. If you load an
other parameter setting, there are taken some other settings.
9.2. Creation of individual drawings

9.2.1. Drawings related to planes - example: plane view
In the following description, we will explain in the example of a plane view how you can create drawings related to a plane with the help of the drawing evaluation and by specifying an
existing main view plane. You can use the same procedure as well for perspectives and explosions.
Procedure
#
Load the function Drawing: Automatic via the menu Outputs, in order to open the dialog
window Automatic < Outputs
Mark there on the left side the entry Plane view in the selection of the drawing types
so that the name of the drawing type on the left in the directory tree has a coloured background and is taken over on the right side in the window.
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Click the arrow icon
Select there a suitable control set as a basis for the drawing to be created, for example
in the line Control you, in order to open the selection.
st_bocad.
# After confirming your selection with OK, the name of the drawing control will be taken
over into the field Control of the tab Automatic < Outputs.
#
#
Click now the icon

Plane selection.
In the following window, activate at first the option Main view and click then on the button
Main view in order to open a selection with the available main views.
# Mark here first of all in the left window section the main view you want to use for creating
your drawing. By clicking the button With you take over the marked entry into the right
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window area of the main views to be edited.
You can repeat the same procedure for marking any quantity of views for the editing process. Then close the windows Main view and Plane selection in each case with OK.
# In the window Outputs < Automatic you can now carry out the drawing generation the
button for the individual execution (Start on the right side in the windows).
Result
The drawing generation is carried on now in accordance with your settings and in an opening box you can the progress in percentage.
In addition, the drawing generation is registered in the log window of bocad. This log is created during every drawing generation and gives you, among other things, information about
memory location and the assigned file names.
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9.3. Drawings related to positions - example: main positions

The generation of drawings related to positions, e.g. of main positions, components or natural
sizes, is carried out in the same way as described in the previous example concerning plane
views. Here it is absolutely necessary, however, to carry out the positioning of the members
before generating the drawing (see chapter Positioning). If you do not do that, you will read a
message indicating that requirement. In the following example we show you how drawings of
main position including the respective components can be created.
Prerequisite
Create e.g. a construction frame and position the created members.
Procedure
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
Click the entry Automatic in the main menu Outputs in Drawing, in order to open the dialog
box.
Choose the setting Total job in the start list.
.Mark now the entry Assemblies in the Selection of the drawing types so that the name of
the drawing type on the left in the directory tree has a coloured background and is taken over
on the right side in the window.
Click the arrow icon
in the line Settings you, in order to open the selection.
Choose here e.g. the control st_bocad.
After confirming your selection with OK, the name of the drawing control will be taken over
into the main dialog box.
Click now the tab Settings to open the dialog box Settings assembly drawings.
Check on the tab Central of the settings for Basis the selection With shop drawings and
switch it, if required on yes.
Adjust settings of smallpart in assembly drawings

"
"
"
"
"
"
Close the dialogbox via OK.

In the next step, set a control for the components drawings in the dialog window Automatic
< Outputs.
Click for this purpose on the plus-icon
in the Selection of drawing types next to the entry
Small parts so that all drawing variants of this drawing type will be displayed.
Click there the entry Shop drawing in assembly so that it will be marked in colour.
Select - as in the previous selection of the control of the main positions - a control for these
components drawings by opening the selection in the line Control via the arrow icon
and
marking there e.g. the entry st_bocad.
Confirm your selection with OK, in order to take over the name of the drawing control into
the main dialog box.
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Adjust control of components for main position drawings

"
"
Mark now again the control Assemblies in Selection.

Now you can start drawing generation for main positions by clicking the button Apply (in the
dialog window Automatic < Outputs on the right side.
Result
Generation of the main position drawings is started with the before defined controls. After ending the generation, you can load and display the drawing by clicking the icon
View drawing.
Note:
During the generation of main position drawings with components, the currently
adjusted control in Shop drawing in assembly is the basic control, independent of the other component controls.
Generation of main
position
drawings
with components
and the considered
component control
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9.4. Opening of created drawings

If you want to control or graphically modify created drawings, bocad offers you two different
ways to do that. During the generation of the drawing you can use the tool Drawing show/
work in the open dialog window Automatic < Outputs.The second way is via the function Document: Open in the menu File.In both cases the following window will be opened:
Document type: adjust

here drawing
The button Drawing info shows the selected information concerning a marked
drawing in the log window.
Access mode:
Adjust not editable for simple view of
the drawing and Document modus for
graphical edition. Note: In the other
modes you can modify the construction by means of the drawing. Therefore, modifications in the model or
drawings may have a mutual effect on
each other!
Activate, in order to open various

drawings at the same time.
Display of directory: :
Select here place and name of
the drawing you want to open.
Selection of file type: Set here the type

.bmf_ for drawings.
After selecting a drawing via the display of directory, you can open it by clicking the button OK.
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The drawing will then be displayed in a separate drawing window:

Insert legends concerning
modifications in drawings
(date, name, etc.)
Browse to the first/previous/next/last drawing

in the current directory
If you carry out graphical modifications of your drawing in this window, e.g. via the functions of
the 2D-menu (2D - 2D work on - 2D copy), the executed modifications will not be saved immediately. Only when the drawing window is closed and/or if you browse to the next drawing
in this window, a query will appear. If you choose No you will maintain the original version of
your drawing.
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9.5. Interactive nesting

Interactive nesting in bocad means to create a list with previously created drawings, e.g. overviews, main positions or components in one drawing, the so-called nested drawing. When
doing that, you can individually define the alignment of the individual drawings on this nested
drawing.
9.5.1.
Creation of a nested drawing
You can either start the function for Interactive nesting in the menu Outputs via Work: Nesting
or, during the generation of the drawing, in the open dialog window Automatic < Outputs via
the tool Nesting
.In both cases the following window will be opened:
Entry field for path and name of the file
Activate option for Interactive nesting
Dialog for selecting the

directory and file
Opens dialog for parameters of drawing frame

(see below)
You can set file paths via

the directory structure as
well by using your mouse.
You can choose a file path (as reasonable default you will find the plots-directory of the current
project) and a file name for the nested drawing. It is not necessary to indicate the file termination. In the case of interactive nested drawings, the termination .bmf will be automatically added.
9.5.2.
Parameters of the drawing frame
Before creating the nested drawing with the indicated name, you can design its external form
via the page format, setting of the title block, etc. Click the icon Frame parameters in the dialog
Nested drawings < Outputs, in order to open an additional dialog window where you can carry
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out these settings. There are three tabs where you can carry out your settings:
Selection and configuration of a standard frame, e.g. German frame, simple

double frame, etc.
Entry of the format, e.g.:

A0 or A0Q for A0-Landscape
A0H for A0-Portrait
2000*865
Frame2000 mm width
If there are various formats, always the biggest one is valid.
Positioning of
the title block
above an anchor on the nested drawing.
Optional loading and configuring of additional graphics.
Activating and editing of the title

block (project and modification data, representation, etc.).
After completing the frame parameters, you can confirm this procedure and the main dialog
window Nested drawings < Outputs by pressing the OK-button, in order to open the completely specified nested drawing for further processing.
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9.5.3.
Establishing the nested drawing
In the open drawing window with the nested drawing, you will find the menu Edit in the superior
left side. In this menu you will find a summary of the functions for further editing of the sheet:
You can load previously created drawings into the nested drawing by using the first function
Load view.
Creates a list - depending on activated drawing types - of existing
drawings in the selection window.
Anchor point defines the positioning place of the drawing.
Drawing preview
Information concerning a selected drawing in the log window. Information details can be individually created.
Determines whether the drawing shall

be deleted, renamed or maintained after
the nesting process.
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In that window, only those drawings of the current directory will be listed which correspond to
the filter setting - possible settings are Natural size, Components, Main members and Overviews. For each of those setting you will find an additional Member filter. Click the button Generate startlist in order to update the displayed drawings. The filter settings will be considered.
On the tab Miscellaneous in the group Nested.bmf_s, you will find help for organizing nested
drawings:
Here you may select functions such as Delete or unchanged Maintain of the nested drawings.
The default value on that tab is Rename. The result is that the termination of a drawing file will
be changed from .bmf_ to .sam_ after the nesting process.
Drawings with the termination .sam_ will no longer be available in the selection list for the nesting process and the files can be clearly recognised e.g. in the Windows Explorer as already
used. By clicking the button *sam_ >* bmf_, individual or various files can be provided again
with the termination .bmf_, for example, if you want to add renamed drawings into a further
nested drawing.
After marking a drawing for loading, you can confirm your selection with OK and the dialog window Interactive nesting < Load view will be temporarily displayed so that you can position
the drawing on the nested drawing.
When you press your left mouse button, an outline of the drawing will be displayed (the position
of the outline with regard to the mouse pointer is in this case dependant of the previously adjusted Anchor). You can move the outline individually on the nested drawing as long as you
maintain your mouse button pressed. By releasing your mouse button, you will position the
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drawing on the nested drawing:
Then, the dialog Interactive nesting < Load view will be displayed again. Now you can either
select the next drawing for the nested drawing or terminate the nesting process by clicking the
button Close.
Now you can edit the nested drawings e.g. by means of the functions in the menus 2D and 2D
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work on, as well as by means of the other functions in the menu Edit in the drawing window.
Moving a drawing, for example a complete main position, on the nested drawing.
Adding existing drawings into another position of the
nested drawing.
Opens a drawing of the nested drawing in a separate window for further editing. You can then take over modifications in the nested drawing.
Deletes a drawing from the nested drawing.
Functions concerning positioning in combination with
nested drawings (see next section).
9.6. Position numbers on nested drawings

Principally, you must carry out the positioning before you can create drawings depending on a
position, e.g. drawings of main positions or components. If you place the created views on one
nested drawing, the members will keep their position number.
If you also want to list the nested members later in parts lists in combination with nested drawings, you must first register the relevant nested drawing. Here, you also have the option to
replace the position numbers of the members by new position numbers in combination with nested drawings. You can do that by means of the function Marking in the menu Edit of the nested drawing view.
Unambiguous reference number for later

creation of parts list.
New positioning of the complete nested
drawing or selected areas.
You can reduce the new positioning to added member drawings in case of repeated
positioning of the nested drawing.
Control of the assignment of position numbers.
By carrying out the function via the button OK, the nested drawing will be registered into the
project database together with the indicated sheet number. Additionally, the indicated members to be edited will receive new position numbers.
In order to facilitate the later recognition of related positions, sheet numbers and nested drawing files, you should always save your nested drawings by adding a serial number in the name
of the file, e.g. nested_13.bmf_.
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If you then have the sheet and position numbers by means of this serial number when registering the sheet - in this example number 13 as sheet number and the position start numbers
beginning with 13xxx for main and secondary members, you can later easily recognise the coherence.
You can use the function Edit > Delete sheet in the drawing window or the function Delete
sheet entry in the menu Outputs, in order to delete registered sheet numbers.
Later, you can create parts lists in combination with nested drawing via the function Lists:
Create in the menu Outputs. There, you adjust the member list to be evaluated to nested drawings and create a corresponding parts list by indicating the assigned sheet number.
9.7. Automatic nesting

Unlike Interactive nesting, in bocad you have two possibilities to nest drawings automatically
on nested drawings. The main difference is that in the first procedure already existing drawings
will later be nested automatically and, in the second procedure, the nesting will be carried out
directly during the creation of the drawings.
9.7.1.
Automatic nesting after the generation of drawings
This nesting method is started in the same way as the Interactive nesting, either in the menu
Outputs via Work: Nesting or, during the generation of the drawing, in the dialog window Automatic < Outputs via the tool Nesting .In both cases a dialog window will be opened. In that
window you must activate the option Automatic:
Concerning the sheet name and the frame, the procedure must be carried out in the same way
as in Interactive nesting (see section Interactive nesting).
By means of the Adjustment logic you define the criteria by which member drawings shall be
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adjusted on the nested drawing:
Applying the first four options, the drawing, before the nesting process, will be sorted internally
in accordance with their extremes and classified in dependence of the adjustment logic (falling
widths and/or heights and rising widths and/or heights). In accordance with this sorting, the
drawings on the nested drawing will be allocated in columns. The rest of the space in each column as well as the last column will still be filled during this process.
If you adjust Sequence as adjustment logic, the drawings will be nested in the selection sequence. The existing rest of the space will not be considered. The adjustment logic Optimization applies the automatism of falling widths; however, this function tries to fill the rest of the
space of each line.
You should select the Drawing clearances in vertical and horizontal direction so that, on the
one hand, the complete designation will be legible and, on the other hand, the sheet surface
will be used in the best possible way.
9.7.2.
Automatic nesting directly during the generation of drawings
Alternatively to the later automatic nesting, nested drawings can be directly created during the
generation of member drawings.
For this purpose, load the function Drawing: Automatic in the menu Outputs:Adjust then in
the following dialog window Automatic < Outputs the drawing type and the automatic nesting
during the generation of the drawing.
... and activation of the
control option Asa.
Selection of a
drawing type
The exact settings, such as the automatic nesting during the generation of the drawing, will be
configured in a separate dialog window.
If you open this dialog window via the button Control, you will see there on the left side the
possible settings of the control in form of a tree structure. After opening the group Paper and
marking the entry Automatic nesting, you can open a window with the nesting parameters by
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clicking the button Automatic nesting in the right window area.

File name of the
nested drawing
to be created.
Setting of the adjustment logic in

the same way as Automatic nesting
after the generation of drawings.
After carrying out the settings concerning the Adjustment logic (see section Automatic nesting after the generation of the drawing) and closing the control window, you can start the
generation by clicking the button Start in the window Automatic < Outputs.
The created nested drawing will be saved with the default name in the plots-directory of the
project (in this example, sam_ei001.bmf_ for the nested components drawings. This directory can be opened e.g. by means of the tool Drawing show/work in the dialog window
Automatic < Outputs for control purposes or for graphical modification.
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9.8. Graphical modification

If you want to carry out graphical modification in created drawings, you can use the functions
in the menus 2D, 2D work on and 2D copy. They should, however, not be used for replacing
the function of the automatic generation of drawings. These functions are rather suited as working aid for later corrections (e.g. moving of groups) and amendments (e.g. setting of texts).
Here, you must always differentiate between model elements and graphical elements. When
you open a drawing, you will find there, among other things, the members of the model. If you,
for example, remove a member in a view by clicking the function Delete graphics, this is a
merely graphic process which will have no effect on the construction. This is only the case if
you apply the function Delete member for that member.
First of all, open the drawing if you want to carry out graphical modification. This should be done
in Document modus for the graphical edition of the drawing (see section Opening of created
drawings). The various functions for graphical edition can only be applied for a particular group
of graphical elements. In the following we will explain the different elements on which the drawings are based.
In the 2D-menus you will find fuctions for the graphical edition, such as Move by distance.
Those functions differentiate between various graphical element types: Primitive, Segment
and Group.
The following nested drawing is composed of various views. Each view represents a group:
2D graphical function, adjusted
for edition of groups
Opens an individual
group in a separate
window for graphical edition
All member drawings can be treated

individually as group
We also have some groups which are composed of various segments. You can edit these
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tion of segments:
2D graphical function with
application area Segment
Segments
The smallest graphical elements within drawings in bocad is the primitive. As you will recognise in the below illustration, a grahic is devided into individual primitives:
2D graphical function with
application area Primitive
Primitives
These elements can also be individually edited with the help of the different graphical functions.
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Basics II. - Index
10. Index
A
Adjustment logic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 90
B
Bent level . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 18
Bent plate
Designation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 24
Bent plates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 6
Positioning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 24
Beschichtung . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 13
Beschichtungsbereich . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 7
Gusset plate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 27
I
inside angle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 21
K
Kantniveau . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 18
C
Characteristic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 7
colour . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 7
Compensation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 19
Construction dimensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 22
Construction methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 27
Graphical input . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 29
Graphical selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 28
Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 29
Reference plane . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 32
Constructions methods
Saving specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 34
Controls
after copying . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 43
Controls. before copying . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 42
Coo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 2
Copy
via dimension . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 38
Via points . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 36
Create directory of library . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 44
Creation of a nested drawing . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 84
D
Database . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 44
Detailing
Coping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 3
Create internal contour . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 3
Cut member . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 2
Delete internal contour . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 4
Freely pick external outline . . . . . . . . . . . 1 5
Move internal contour . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 4
Outside edge shift . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 5
drawing evaluation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 76
Drawing frame . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 84
drawing window . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 83
Drawings related to positions . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 80
E
Edge direction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 19
Edge length, minimum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 23
Edge start symbol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 16
External side . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 7
Version 20.000
Finishing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 7
Finishing range . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 7
Folding radius . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 19
Front side symbol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 16
26.04.05
L
Library
content preview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 46
Import from . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 45
M
Manuals construction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Manufacturing dimensions . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Mirror . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 36,
Mirror axis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3 30
2 22
4 39
4 40
N
Nesting
Interactive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 84
O
Opened references . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 41
P
Parallel bent plates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 6
perforation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 7
Plate thickness determination . . . . . . . . . . . 2 18
Point form . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 12
points of tangency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 22
Profile surface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 7
R
Recalculate connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 31
Reference plane . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 11
S
Set rectangle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 18
Shortening
via vertical stretching-plane . . . . . . . . . 6 54
Shortening via perpendicular stretching-plane . 6
49
Stretch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 48
Surface
Evaluation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 21
Surface points . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 21
bocad-3D Edition Steel - A
Basics II. - Index
Triangle symbol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 20
TSS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 9
Unfolding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 20
Unfolding table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 24
Version 20.000
26.04.05
bocad-3D Edition Steel - B

Bocad Basic

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Basics

20.503 , dated Februar 2005

10. Welded connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62

Development of a 3-D model for the steel construction

Delivery of the first CAM program units

Foundation of the bocad engineer community (GbR)

Foundation of bocad Software GmbH (31.08.83)

First installation of the graphically interactive version of bocad-3D

First installtation of bocad-NC

Moving in the own company building

First installations with MOTIF surface

First installtation of bocad-3D Glazing

First PC version of bocad-3D

First installation of bocad-PMR

Starting of bocad-NC version 7.5

Starting of bocad-3D Editions and

1.2. Hardware equipment of a bocad-3D workplace

Processor with recommended 2 GHZ

Output of DIN A4 or DIN

Monitor / graphics board

2.1. Program starting

bocad licence window

2.2. File: New / Open

Display of already existing projects. If required, you can Delete or

Preview window for already existing projectrelated drawings.

Here you will receive an

Entry field for the

Creating a new project

2.3. Rules concerning directory names

Examples for not permitted names

2.4. Input of project data

Tab for extended project data

Later editing of the project data

Basics I. - Operation of bocad

3.1. Program surface

Standard area for icon bars

Headline of the main window

View window with basic dimetry

Menu bar in bocad

Basics I. - Operation of bocad

Areas of the status line

Program entry possible

Basics I. - Operation of bocad

3.2. Symbol bars

3.2.1.Example: Activate symbol

The check mark in

Drag your mouse pointer to the

Via Line up you can

If you have already activated a box

Basics I. - Operation of bocad

Plots-Lines (catches graphic

Basics I. - Operation of bocad

Execution of the function Splitting members

First functional application

Second functional application

Points (will here be manually changed

Pickmodus at the beginning of each working step

Behaviour of the pickmodus concerning function and working step

3.4. The mouse in bocad

The mouse on the

Left mouse button = functional button

(Individual) choice of element:

Basics I. - Operation of bocad

Confirm choice of element (individual):