Worksheet 4

Abdominal Cavity: Accessory Organs of Gastrointestinal Tract

B. Guide Questions (20 points)
Answer the following questions correctly. Write your answers in the space provided.
1. Give at least 2 intraperitoneal and 2 extraperitoneal organs (2 points)
Intraperitoneal organs
Ileum
Stomach
Jejunum
Spleen
Proximal
first
segment
duodenum
Tail of pancreas
Transverse colon
Sigmoid colon

of

Extraperitoneal organs
Adrenal glands
Kidneys
Ureter
Bladder
Inferior vena cava
Aorta
Head, neck, and
pancreas
Ascending colon
Descending colon

body

of

2. The right lobe of the liver is divided into two parts by the presence of the gallbladder, fissure for
ligamentum teres, inferior vena cava and fissure for ligamentum venosum. What structures are these? (1
point)
Quadrate lobe

Caudate lobe

3. Give important functions of the liver. (2 points)

Production and secretion of bile and involvement in the following metabolism:
1. carbohydrate metabolism important in maintaining normal blood
glucose level
2. lipid metabolism stores triglycerides, break down fatty acids and
generates ATP
3. protein metabolism
Carbohydrates, fats, and protein-related metabolic activities.
Synthesizes heparin, an anticoagulant substance that has detoxifying function.
Filtration of blood, removing bacteria and foreign particles that entered through the intestines.
Produces pigmentation from hemoglobin of worn out red blood corpuscles and secretes bile salts.
4. Portal Triad (1.5 points)
Hepatic artery

Bile duct

5. Enumerate important functions of the gallbladder. (1 point)

Storage of bile
Excretes cholesterol
Secretes mucus
Releases cholecystokinin to allow passage of bile to duodenum

Hepatic portal vein

6. Matching type: Match the following parts of the pancreas to their own description by writing the letter of
the correct answer. (2 points)
B 1. Neck of the pancreas
D 2. Tail of the pancreas
C 3. Body of the pancreas
A 4. Head of the pancreas

A. Located at the right upper quadrant of

the abdomen
B. At the level of the 1st lumbar vertebra
C. Runs upward and to the left across the
midline
D. Passes forward in the splenicorenal
ligament

7. Hilum of the kidneys transmits what structures? (2 points)

Renal vein
Two branches of renal artery
Ureter
Third branch of renal artery
(Front to back "VAUA")
8. Arrange the blood supply of the kidneys from the main branch to the smallest branch by rewriting the
arteries on the second column. (You are not required to identify the structures in the specimen). (3.5
points)
Blood Supply
Arranged Blood Supply
Interlobular artery
Renal artery
Arcuate artery
Segmental artery
Afferent glomerular artery
Lobar artery
Lobar artery
Interlobar artery
Segmental artery
Arcuate artery
Interlobular artery
Interlobular artery
Renal artery
Afferent glomerular artery
9. Determine the vertebral level/anatomic landmarks of the following structures.(5 points)
Structure
Fundus of the gallbladder
Spleen
Hili of kidneys
Kidneys
Abdominal aorta

Vertebral
level
or
Landmarks
tip of 9th costal cartilage
9th 11th rib
L1
T12 L3
T12-L4 (bifurcation: L4)

Anatomic