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Category 10 Triangles
3. In the figure above, the perimeter of ∆MNP is how much greater than the perimeter of the
answer
shaded region?
(A) 2+ 2
(B) 6
(C) 8 2
(D) 6+ 3 2
(E) 6 + 8 2
4. The figure above shows the dimensions of an isosceles triangle in terms of x . What is the
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area of the triangle?
(A) 24
(B) 30
(C) 48
(D) 60
(E) 96
6. On the map above, if the segment that joins cities P and Q represents 6 kilometers, how
answer
many kilometers does the segment that joins cities Q and R represent?
(A) 3 3
(B) 6
(C) 9
(D) 6 3
(E) It cannot be determined from the information given
7. If the perimeter of ∆RST above is 40, which of the following could NOT be the length of
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RT ?
(A) 21
(B) 19
(C) 17
(D) 15
(E) 13
.
9. In the figure above, if the sum of the perimeters of the three triangles is 37, what is the
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perimeter of pentagon ABCDE?
(A) 32
(B) 27
(C) 25
(D) 22
(E) 17
10. The figure above shows the dimensions of a stepladder that stands on a floor. How high is
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the top of the ladder from the floor?
(A) 4 ft
(B) 5 ft
(C) 6 ft
(D) 4 3 ft
(E) 2 15 ft
11. In the figure above, CE = 5 , BD = 8 , and the area of quadrilateral ABCD is 36. answer
What is the area of ∆ ABD ?
(A) 4 (B) 9 (C) 16 (D) 20 (E) 56
12. In the figure above, If PQRS is a square and QT = TR , which of the following
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statements is NOT true?
(A) PT = TS
(B) x = y
(C) u = v
(D) r = y
(E) The area of ∆ PQT is equal to the area of ∆ SRT .
15. The length of each side o f a triangle is an even number. If no two of the sides are equal, what is
answer
the smallest perimeter the triangle could have?
(A) 18
(B) 16
(C) 14
(D) 12
(E) 6
d d
16. The lengths of two sides of a right triangle are and . If one of these sides is the
3 4 answer
hypotenuse, what is the length of the third side of the triangle?
5d
(A)
12
d
(B)
7
d
(C)
5
d
(D)
12
d 7
(E)
12
17. If each side of ∆ACD above has length 3 and if AB has length 1, what is the area of
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region BCDE ?
9 7 9 7
(A) (B) 3 (C) 3 (D) 3 (E) 6 + 3
4 4 4 2
19. In the figure above, square region ABCE and triangular region ACD each have area 36.
answer
What is the perimeter of triangle ACD ?
(A) 24
(B) 12 + 12 2
(C) 36
(D) 18 + 18 2
(E) 36 2
20. The figure above shows the relative positions of a projection lens L , a film F , and a screen
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S . The film is 6 inches from the lens and is parallel to the screen. How many feet from the
screen is the lens if a 0.3-inch figure on F projects a 6 -foot image on S ? (1 foot = 12 inches)
(A) 0.3
(B) 10
(C) 12
(D) 100
(E) 120
21. In the figure above, if A1 , A2 , and A3 are the areas of the respective semicircular regions,
answer
A + A2
what is the value of 1 ?
A3
3 π 3π
(A) 1 (B) (C) (D) 2 (E)
2 2 2
D R Y LAND
22. A cable is being laid from one side of a swamp, at point A , to the other side, at point D . If
answer
laying cable costs $500 per mile on dry land and $800 per mile in the swamp, how much is
saved by laying the cable on the ABD route rather than the ABCD route?
(A) $700
(B) $1,000
(C) $1,500
(D) $3,200
(E) $4,700
23. A ladder that is 13 feet long is placed against a vertical wall so that the top of the ladder is 5
answer
feet below the top of the wall. If the bottom of the ladder rests on level ground and is 5 feet
out from the base of the wall, what is the height of the wall, in feet?
(A) 12
(B) 13
(C) 17
(D) 19
(E) 23
24. A ladder 25 feet long is leaning against a wall that is perpendicular to level ground. The
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bottom of the ladder is 7 feet from the base of the wall. If the top of the ladder slips down 4
feet, how many feet will the bottom of the ladder slip?
(A) 4
(B) 5
(C) 8
(D) 9
(E) 15
25. A rope hangs from the top of a vertical pole, leaving 4 feet of slack on the floor. When fully
answer
extended, the rope touches the floor at a point 12 feet away from the pole. How many tall is the
pole?
(A) 4
(B) 12
(C) 13
(D) 16
(E) 20
꼭지각
<<참고-이등변삼각형의 성질>>
① 두 밑각의 크기는 서로 같다.
② 두 내각의 크기가 같은 삼각형은 이등변 삼각형이다. 밑각
③ 꼭지각의 이등분선은 밑변을 수직 이등분한다.
④ 이등변삼각형의 꼭지각의 이등분선은 밑변을
수직 이등분하는 성질이 있습니다.
<<직삼각형의 합동조건>>
①빗변의 길이와 한 예각의 크기가 각각 같다.
②빗변의 길이와 다른 한 변의 길이가 각각 같다.
<<삼각형의 합동조건>>
①대응하는 두 변의 길이가 각각 같고, 그 끼인각의 크기가 같다.
②대응하는 한 변의 길이가 같고, 그 양 끝각의 크기가 각각 같다.
③대응하는 세 변의 길이가 각각 같다.
<<삼각형의 닮음조건>>
① 세 쌍의 대응하는 변의 길이의 비가 같다.
② 두 쌍의 대응하는 변의 길이의 비가 같고, 그 끼인 각의 크기가 같다.
③ 두 쌍의 대응하는 각의 크기가 같다.
. 정답은 (E)
. 정답은 (B).
3. In the figure above, the perimeter of ∆MNP is how much greater than the perimeter of the
shaded region?
(A) 2+ 2
(B) 6
(C) 8 2
(D) 6+ 3 2
(E) (E) 6 + 8 2
a을 빗변으로 하는 직각 삼각형이다.
큰 삼각형의 빗변은 8 + 8 = (8 2 ) , 작은 삼각형은 5 + 5 = (5 2 )
2 2 2 2 2 2
. 정답은 (D)
4. The figure above shows the dimensions of an isosceles triangle in terms of x . What is the
area of the triangle?
(A) 24
(B) 30
(C) 48
(D) 60
(E) 96
. 정답은 (C)
6. On the map above, if the segment that joins cities P and Q represents 6 kilometers, how
many kilometers does the segment that joins cities Q and R represent?
(A) 3 3
(B) 6
(C) 9
(D) 6 3
(E) It cannot be determined from the information given
. 정답은 (B)
7. If the perimeter of ∆RST above is 40, which of the following could NOT be the length of
RT ?
(A) 21
(B) 19
(C) 17
(D) 15
(E) 13
. 정답은 (A)
1
(A)
2
(B) 1
3
(C)
2
(D) 2
5
(E)
7
R 각과 T각이 같다고 했으니까 이것은 이등변삼각형의 성질을 말했네요. 이등변삼각형은
아래 밑변이 같고 두 변의 길이가 같죠. 즉 2x –1 = x + 1/2
여기서 x = 3/2
. 정답은 (C)
9. In the figure above, if the sum of the perimeters of the three triangles is 37, what is the
perimeter of pentagon ABCDE?
(A) 32
(B) 27
(C) 25
(D) 22
(E) 17
일단 AB=a BC=b CD=c DE=d EA=e라 가정하면 세 삼각형의 둘레는 (a+b+5) + (5+5+c) +
(5+d+e) = 37, 이 식을 정리하면 a + b + c + d + e = 17입니다. 따라서 이 다각형의 둘레는 a + b
+ c + d + e이므로 17입니다.
. 정답은 (E)
10. The figure above shows the dimensions of a stepladder that stands on a floor. How high is
the top of the ladder from the floor?
x
8ft
2ft
. 정답은 (E)
11. In the figure above, CE = 5 , BD = 8 , and the area of quadrilateral ABCD is 36.
What is the area of ∆ ABD ?
(A) 4
(B) 9
(C) 16
(D) 20
(E) 56
1
이 다각형은 두 개의 BCD와ABD삼각형으로 나누어지죠. 일단 BCD의 면적은 20(= (5 × 8) )
2
이죠. 따라서 나머지 삼각형의 면적은 전체 사각형의 면적 36에서 20을 빼면 16이네요.
. 정답은 (C)
12. In the figure above, If PQRS is a square and QT = TR , which of the following
statements is NOT true?
(A) PT = TS
(B) x = y
(C) u = v
(D) r = y
(E) The area of ∆ PQT is equal to the area of ∆ SRT .
. 정답은 (D)
13. In City R , streets run either east-west or north-south, as shown on the map above. Blocks
along east-west streets are 400 feet long and blocks along north-south streets are 200 feet long.
If the width of the streets is ignored, what is the straight-line distance, in feet, from X to
Y?
(A) 200 5
(B) 1,000
(C) 1,200
(D) 400 10
(E) 1,600
여기서 포인트는 한 block은 가로 400 feet 세로 200 feet 라는 의미지 전체 blocks의 길이가
400 feet 200 feet라는 의미는 아니지요. Block의 의미를 어떻게 해석해야 하는 지가 이 문제의
함정이네요. 따라서 x에서 y는 가로 2 blocks 세로 3 blocks 만큼 떨어져 있네요. 이것을 피타
고라스 공식을 이용해서 직선거리를 구해보면 800 + 600 = 1000
2 2 2
. 정답은 (B)
14. If 3 and 8 are the lengths of two sides of a triangular region, which of the following can be the
length of the third side?
I. 5
II. 8
III. 11
(A) II only
(B) III only
(C) I and II only
(D) II and III only
(E) I, II, and III
ÿ 답은 (A)입니다.
15. The length of each side of a triangle is an even number. If no two of the sides are equal, what is
the smallest perimeter the triangle coul d have?
(A) 18
(B) 16
(C) 14
(D) 12
(E) 6
ÿ 답은 (A)입니다.
d d
16. The lengths of two sides of a right triangle are and . If one of these sides is the
3 4
hypotenuse, what is the length of the third side of the triangle?
5d
(A)
12
d
(B)
7
d
(C)
5
d
(D)
12
d 7
(E)
12
d d d
직각삼각형에서 빗변은 길이가 가장 긴 변이므로 와 중 가 빗변이라는 것을 알 수
3 4 3
있습니다. 따라서 피타고라스의 정의를 사용하여 다른 한 변의 길이를 구할 수 있습니다.
2 2
d d
= + x2
3 4
ÿ 답은 (E)입니다.
17. If each side of ∆ACD above has length 3 and if AB has length 1, what is the area of
region BCDE ?
9 7 9 7
(A) (B) 3 (C) 3 (D) 3 (E) 6+ 3
4 4 4 2
1
× 3 × 3 3 − 1 × 1× 3 = 7 3
2 2 2 4
( ∆ACD 의 높이 또한 직삼각형의 변의 비율에 따라 구할 수 있습니다.)
ÿ 답은 (B)입니다.
3:5 = x : 4
ÿ 답은 (B)입니다.
19. In the figure above, square region ABCE and triangular region ACD each have area 36.
What is the perimeter of triangle ACD ?
(A) 24
(B) 12 + 12 2
(C) 36
(D) 18 + 18 2
(E) 36 2
1
× 6 × x = 36
2
ÿ 답은 (B)입니다.
20. The figure above shows the relative positions of a projection lens L , a film F , and a screen
S . The film is 6 inches from the lens and is parallel to the screen. How many feet from the
screen is the lens if a 0.3-inch figure on F projects a 6 -foot image on S ? (1 foot = 12 inches)
(A) 0.3
(B) 10
(C) 12
(D) 100
(E) 120
ÿ 답은 (E)입니다.
21. In the figure above, if A1 , A2 , and A3 are the areas of the respective semicircular regions,
A1 + A2
what is the value of ?
A3
3 π 3π
(A) 1 (B) (C) (D) 2 (E)
2 2 2
1 2 3
2 2 2
A1 + A2 (a1 )2 π (a 2 )2 π (a 3 )2 π
= +
A3 2 2 2
ÿ 답은 (A)입니다.
D R Y LAND
22. A cable is bei ng laid from one side of a swamp, at point A , to the other side, at point D . If
laying cable costs $500 per mile on dry land and $800 per mile in the swamp, how much is
saved by laying the cable on the ABD route rather than the ABCD route?
(A) $700
(B) $1,000
(C) $1,500
(D) $3,200
(E) $4,700
ÿ 답은 (A)입니다.
23. A ladder that is 13 feet long is placed against a vertical wall so that the top of the ladder is 5
feet below the top of the wall. If the bottom of the ladder rests on level ground and is 5 feet
out from the base of the wall, what is the height of the wall, in feet?
(A) 12
(B) 13
(C) 17
(D) 19
(E) 23
ÿ 답은 (C)입니다.
24. A ladder 25 feet long is leaning against a wall that is perpendicular to level ground. The
bottom of the ladder is 7 feet from the base of the wall. If the top of the ladder slips down 4
feet, how many feet will the bottom of the ladder slip?
(A) 4
(B) 5
(C) 8
(D) 9
(E) 15
25. A rope hangs from the top of a vertical pole, leaving 4 feet of slack on the floor. When fully
extended, the rope touches the floor at a point 12 feet away from the pole. How many tall is the
pole?
(A) 4
(B) 12
(C) 13
(D) 16
(E) 20
막대기 x 밧줄 x + 4
12 feet
x 2 + 12 2 = ( x + 4 ) ⇒ x = 16
2
ÿ 답은 (D)입니다.