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AND
SPREADSHEET USERS
GUIDE
Version 1.0
Steel Joist Institute
234 W. Cheves Street
Florence, SC 29501
Phone: (843) 407-4091
www.steeljoist.org
© COPYRIGHT 2014 STEEL JOIST INSTITUTE
Joist Girder Moment Connections to the Weak Axis of Wide
Flange Columns
A typical moment connection to the weak axis of a W shape is shown in Figure 1. The
top plate transfers the top chord load to the column. The Joist Girder seat is a bracket
connection. The weld connecting the bracket web to the column web is assumed to
transfer only the vertical reaction (shear) of the Joist Girder to the column web. The
horizontal plates transfer the horizontal forces from the bracket eccentric moment. They
also prevent the bracket web plate from buckling. See Figure 2.
The horizontal plates at the stabilizer plate transfer the bottom chord force to the flanges
of the column and also prevent the stabilizer from buckling. See Figure 3. Shown in
Figure 4 is the condition where Joist Girders frame to both sides of the column.
2
Figure 2: Bracket Connection
3
Figure 4: Joist Girders on both sides of the Column
Design Requirements:
For brevity, this Manual is presented in LRFD format. ASD design procedures follow in a
parallel nature. Before using the SPREADSHEET the user should perform a
structural analysis to determine that the column has the available strength to resist
the applied loads. The user should also have a working knowledge of the AISC
connection design requirements.
A. Top Plate Connection, Cap Plate and Cap Plate Weld:
The required strength of the top plate is determined from the axial force in the top
chord of the Joist Girder, Pu = Mr/de. Where, Mr is the required end moment of the
Joist Girder, and de is taken as the distance from the top of the Joist Girder to the
half depth of the bottom chord leg. Based on yielding, which generally controls, the
required top plate area equals Pu/Fy ( = 0.9). The length of the plate can be
determined based on the required length of fillet welds used to attach the plate to the
4
column cap plate and the top chord. Shear lag must be checked per the 2010 AISC
Specification Table D3.1 “Shear Lag Factors for Connections to Tension Members”.
The SPREADSHEET requires the weld length to be a minimum of two times the
width of the top plate for the connection of the top plate to the Joist Girder top chord.
Based on Case 4 in the AISC Manual Table D3.1, U =1.0 for this condition. For the
Top Plate connection to the column cap the strength of the top plate is reduced for
any shear lag. The Joist Girder Manufacturer has the responsibility to check the top
chord angles for shear lag. Case 2 from Table D3.1 is applicable for this check. For
reference, the shear lag factor is calculated for the top chord based on the INPUT of
the angle size. Shear lag factors greater than 0.92 do not have an effect on the Joist
Girders. Providing longer length fillet welds will reduce shear lag effects.
Where Joist Girders frame to both sides of a column (Moment – Interior W Column),
the minimum weld requirement to each Joist Girder top chord is checked. The
column shear yielding, plate thickness, and the weld required from the plate to the
column are checked for the force delivered by the Joist Girder on each side of the
column. These results are found under the heading, SUMMARY RESULTS for
MOMENT CONNECTION. The minimum requirements for column shear yielding,
plate thickness, and the weld required from the plate to the column sidewalls are
based on the algebraic sum of the top chord forces in the top plate. These results
are found under the heading “COMBINED LEFT & RIGHT JOIST GIRDER
RESULTS”.
The following checks are made in the SPREADSHEET for the Top Plate
Connection, Cap Plate and Cap Plate Weld:
Rn = FyAplate
c
p
therefore U= 1.0
Rn = UFuAplate
5
The nominal shear strength, Vn, determined using the provisions of AISC Section G7
Vn = 0.6FyAfCv
Af = 2bftf
Cv= 1.0
The SPREADSHEET does not check the column web flange shear below the bottom
chord of the Joist Girders.
NOTE: If the flanges do not have the available strength for shear, then a column
with more flange area should be selected.
5. Weld strength between the Joist Girder and the top chord ( = 0.75)
Weld - Top Plate to Joist Girder Top Chord AISC J2-3
Rn = (0.6)(FEXX)(0.707)wtc = kips/in.
Strength = Rn = (2)( Rn)(Ltc)
6. Weld strength between the top plate and the column cap ( = 0.75)
Weld - Top Plate to Column Cap Plate AISC J2-3
7. Weld strength between the column cap plate and the column flanges ( = 0.75)
Column Cap Plate - Weld to Column Flanges AISC J2-3
Rn = (0.707)(wccp)(0.60)(FEXX)(2bf)
The bracket connection consists of a vertical stiffener and top and bottom stiffener
plates. The top plate is used for the seat. The bracket seat transfers the Joist
Girder reaction to the stiffener. The stiffener transfers the vertical reaction (shear) to
the column web. The moment created by the eccentricity of the reaction is
transferred to the column flanges as a force couple in the top and bottom plates.
The eccentricity is taken as the distance Ws - N/2.
6
The seat width is determined from the minimum bearing length (N) from the SJI
Standard Specifications for Joist Girders Section 1004.4 (b) Steel (SJI 2010).1
The following design provisions and checks are required:
1. AISC provisions indicate that when supporting beams, the stiffener thickness, ts
should be equal to or greater than the thickness, tw of the supported beam web.
Since Joist Girder seats are composed of two angles with typically a 1 in. gap
between the angles this requirement does not apply. In lieu of this requirement a
minimum stiffener and seat plate thickness of 1/2 in. is recommended.
3. To prevent local buckling of the seat horizontal plates and the web of the bracket it is
suggested that the plates have b/t and h/t values that comply with the AISC criteria
for compact elements. (Local Buckling).
E Fy
≤
0
.
3
8
E Fy
≤
3
.
7
6
Where b is the width of the plate between the vertical stiffener and the flange of the
column, h is the clear height of the stiffener between the horizontal plates, tp is the
thickness of the seat plate and ts is the stiffener thickness.
4. Determine the seat plate thickness, tp, due to the Joist Girder reaction ( = 1.0)
Seat Plate - Shear Yielding
P uN
tp
≥
Eq.5-162
2
0
.
6
Fy
5. Determine the required thickness of the seat plate due to uplift ( = 0.9)
Seat Plate - Uplift Loading
The seat plate must also be checked for bending and shear from uplift reactions.
The effective width of plate (beff) is determined by using a 45 degree projection from
the bolt line to the face of the stiffener. beff cannot be greater than N. The available
bolt uplift strength must be determined by the Engineer of Record or the Specifying
1
Consult the SJI 2015 Specifications for revised minimum bearing lengths
2
Equation from the SJI Technical Digest 11, “Design of Lateral Load Resisting Frames Using Joist and Joist Girders
7
Professional. Uplift bolt strength should be based on the Steel Joist Institute’s
Technical Digest 6, “Design of Steel Joist Roofs to Resist Uplift Loads”.
Based on a bolt gage (g) of 5 in. and using a 45 degree projection, the effective
width in bending for the seat plate equals:
The SPREADSHEET performs this calculation even if no uplift load case exists.
6. For gravity loads, the bearing strength on the stiffener contact area must satisfy the
equation from the 2010 AISC Specification Chapter J Section J7(a) ( = 0.75)
Stiffener - Bearing Strength on Contact Area
Eq. 5-172
0
.
Fy
Ls
where, Ru = the Joist Girder reaction, kips.
Ls = stiffener length, in.
ts = stiffener thickness, in.
8. Determine the required weld connecting the stiffener to the column web ( = 0.75).
Weld - Stiffener to Column Web
Ru ≤ Rn
Rn = (2)(0.75)(0.6)FExx(0.707)(ws)(Ls)
If the column web or vertical stiffener is not thick enough to develop the fillet weld,
then a reduction in the strength of the fillet weld must be taken. The reduction factor
applied to the weld strength is calculated as the thickness of the column web divided
by the required thickness to develop the weld.
8
9. Determine the required weld between the stiffener and the top and bottom plates.
Weld - Stiffener to Seat/Bracket Plates
The weld that connects the stiffener to the top bracket plate is required to resist any
uplift present, as well as the shear flow (q), due to bending in the bracket.
The uplift force is resisted by an effective weld length below the joist girder seat
equal to the bolt gage minus the stiffener plate thickness, but not to exceed the
bearing length.
The shear flow, q is determined from strength of materials equation, q = VQ/I. I and
Q are calculated and reported under the BUILT-UP SEAT SECTION PROPERTIES
in Cells R38 and R39.
The uplift weld force and shear flow are then combined by the square root of the
sum of the squares since they are acting perpendicular to one another.
For simplicity the bottom plate weld requirements are assumed equal to the top plate
requirements.
The nominal strength of the welds, kips/in. is calculated from the equation:
Rn = (2)(0.6)(FEXX)(0.707)(ws). Two (2) welds resist the shear.
If the seat plate or vertical stiffener is not thick enough to develop the fillet weld, then
a reduction in the strength of the fillet weld must be taken. The reduction factor
applied to the weld strength is calculated as the thickness of the seat plate or vertical
stiffener divided by the required thickness to develop the weld.
10. Determine the strength of welds connecting the seat bracket plates to the column
flange, and the minimum thickness of the plates and column flange ( = 0.75).
Weld - Seat/Bracket Plates to Column Flange.
The required shear on the welds is caused by the eccentricity of the load
on the bracket. Four (4) welds resist the shear.
If the plate (or column flange) is not thick enough to develop the fillet weld, then a
reduction in the strength of the fillet weld must be taken. The reduction factor applied
to the weld strength is calculated as the thickness of the plate or column flange
divided by the required thickness to develop the weld.
9
11. Check column block shear ( = 0.75)
Column - Flange Block Shear
There are four (4) shear planes plus (2) tension planes.
Rn = (4)(0.6)Fytf[(bf - tw)/2 - k] +2UbsFutftp
where:
k = the corner clip = (k1 - tw/2) rounded up to the nearest ¼ in.
Ubs = 1.0
Mn = FyZ
where Z is the plastic section modulus of the bracket
Mn ≥ Ru(Ws - N/2)
13. Check the flexural strength of the top and bottom single plates ( = 0.9)
Built - Up - Seat/Bracket Plate Flexure
The flexural strength of the top and bottom plates are checked for a uniform
compression force exerted on them from the eccentric load on the bracket. .The
plates are conservatively analyzed as simple beams spanning between the flanges
of the column, span = (d - 2tf), and having a depth equal to (bf - tw)/2. The required
moment, Mr, is taken as wL2/8, where w is the uniform flange force from the bracket.
The available flexural strength of the plates is determined from the AISC
Specifications Section F11.
From AISC Section F11: (a) For rectangular bars with 0.08E/Fy < Lbd/t2 ≤
1.9E/Fy bent about their major axis:
F yE
L bt
d 2
M
=
C
1
.
5
2
-
0
.
2
7
4
M
≤
M
AISC F11-2
n
and, (b) For rectangular bars with Lbd/t2 > 1.9E/Fy bent about their major
axis:
where
1
.
9L t
E db2
C
Fc
=
AISC F11-4
r
10
Lb = length between points that are either braced against lateral
displacement of the compression region, or between points braced to
prevent twist of the cross section, in.
Lbd/t2 = Lbdp/tp2
where
dp = depth of rectangular bar, in. = (bf - tw)/2
t = tp = width of rectangular bar parallel to axis of bending, in.
Mp = FyZ
Z = (tp)[(bf - tw)/2]2/4
My = FySx
Sx = (tp)[(bf - tw)/2]2/6
The Specifying Professional must specify that the Joist Girder bottom chords be a
minimum thickness to accommodate the required weld size. As is required for the
top chord, the Joist Girder Manufacturer has the responsibility to check the bottom
chord angles for shear lag. Case 2 from Table D3.1 is applicable for this check. For
reference, the shear lag factor is calculated for the bottom chord based on the
INPUT of the angle size. Shear lag factors greater than 0.92 do not have an effect
on the Joist Girders. Providing longer length fillet welds will reduce shear lag
effects.
Checks to be made:
1. Check stabilizer for yielding ( = 0.90)
Stabilizer Plate - Yielding
Pu ≤ Rn
Rn = tsWeffFy
where ts = stabilizer thickness and Weff = stabilizer effective width
Weff = the lesser of the Whitmore width or Wst.
11
The Whitmore length equals (2)(tan30o)(Weld Length) + the bottom chord
leg height. (AISC Manual Section 9-3).
3. Determine the weld between the bottom chord and the stabilizer plate ( = 0.75)
Weld - Joist Girder Bottom Chord to Stabilizer Plate
5. Shear Yielding in the Top and Bottom Stiffener Plates ( = 1.0)
Stiffener Plate - Shear Yielding
The flexural strength of the stiffener plates are checked for concentrated
compression force exerted on them from the stabilizer. The plates are analyzed
as simple beams spanning between the flanges of the column, span = (d - 2tf),
and having a depth equal to (bf - tw)/2. The required moment, Mr, per plate, is
taken as PrL/4, where Pr is the force from the stabilizer.
Mr = PrL/4
where L = d - 2tf
12
The available flexural strength of the plates is determined from the AISC
Specifications Section F11.
From AISC Section F11: (a) For rectangular bars with 0.08E/Fy < Lbd/t2 ≤ 1.9E/Fy
bent about their major axis:
F yE
L bt
d 2
M
=
C
1
.
5
2
-
0
.
2
7
4
M
≤
M
AISC F11-2
n
p
And, (b) For rectangular bars with Lbd/t2 > 1.9E/Fy bent about their major axis:
where
1
.
9L t
E db2
C
Fc
=
AISC F11-4
r
Lb = length between points that are either braced against lateral displacement of
the compression region, or between points braced to prevent twist of the cross
section, in.
Lbd/t2 = Lbdp/tp2
where
dp = depth of rectangular bar, in.
dp = (bf - tw)/2
t = tss = width of rectangular bar parallel to axis of bending, in.
Mp = FyZ
Z = (tss)[(bf - tw)/2]2/4
My = FySx
Sx = (tss)[(bf - tw)/2]2/6
8. Check Weld Stabilizer Plate to Top and Bottom Stiffener Plates ( = 0.75).
Weld - Stabilizer Plate to Stiffener Plates
13
The stabilizer plate must be welded to the top and bottom plates to resist a
tensile or compressive force. Four(4) welds resist the force.
9 . Check the welds between the stiffeners and the column flange ( = 0.75)
Weld - Stiffener to Column Flange
Throughout the SPREADSHEET, checks are made for the minimum thicknesses of
base metal to match the weld strength. From the AISC Specification, Section J2.4,
The design strength, Rn and the allowable strength, Rn/Ω of welded joints shall be
the lower value of the base material strength determined according to the limit states
of tensile rupture and shear rupture and the weld metal strength determined
according to the limit state of rupture as follows:
The compatibility check is done by comparing the weld strength (kips/in.) to the base
metal strength (kips/in.). In LRFD terms:
14
R
≤
R
n
w
e
l
d
n
b
a
s
e
m
e
t
a
l
=
0
.
7 =
5 0
w
e
l
d
.
7
5
b
a
s
e
m
e
t
a
l
1
.
3
9
D
k
i
p
s
/
i
n
≤
0
.
7
5
0
.
6
tc
Fp
k
i
p
s
/
i
n
.
a
u
From Part 9 of the AISC Manual:
15
EXAMPLE:
Given:
W12x87 A992 Joist Girder Data (Factored Loads):
d =12.50 in., bf = 12.10 in. Mu = 183 kip-ft. = 2196 kip-in.
tw = 0.515 in., tf = 0.81 in. Pv = 90 kips
k1 = 1.063 in. Joist Girder Depth = 36 in.
Fy = 50 ksi 4x3/8 in. angle chords, gap = 1.0 in
Fu = 65 ksi Column Cap Plate t = ¾ in.
Fy plates = 36 ksi Bracket top and bottom plate thickness: 0.625 in.
Fu plates = 58 ksi Bracket stiffener thickness: 0.75 in.
Stabilizer Plate: 3/4x8x10 in. Bracket stiffener length: 12 in.
Try 1/4 in. fillet welds. The available force per inch of weld = Rn = (0.6
FEXX)(0.707)(1/4). Using FEXX = 70 ksi and = 0.75, Rn = 5.57 kips/in. Thus, a
weld of 64.6/5.57/2 = 5.8 in. is required. Since the length of weld is less than two
times the plate width shear lag must be taken into account. Use a weld length of 8
inches to avoid shear lag in the top plate at the Joist Girder top chord.
16
Rn = UFuAplate = (1.0)(58)(0.5)(4) = 116 kips kips
Rn = (0.75)(116) = 87 kips > 64.6 kips ok
Vn = 0.6FyAfCv
Af = 2bftf
Cv= 1.0
Vn = (0.6)(50) (2)(12.10)(0.810)(1) = 588.1 kips
Vn = (0.9)(588.1) = 529.3 kips > 64.6 kips ok
4
+ 2 6
0
.
3 2
1
2 4
5 .
4
0 -
.
- 0
0
.
3 2
1 5
2
5
2c
.
xb
=
=
1
.
1
1
6
i
n
cB
.
3
1
a
r
t
.
1 8
6
U
.
1
0
8
5. Determine the weld strength between the Joist Girder and the top chord ( = 0.75)
Weld - Top Plate to Joist Girder Top Chord
6. Determine the weld strength between the top plate and the column cap ( = 0.75)
Weld - Top Plate to Column Cap Plate
7. Weld strength between the column cap plate and the column flanges ( = 0.75)
Column Cap Plate - Weld to Column Flanges
Joist Girder depth - the Joist Girder seat height - ½ of the stabilize width – top and
bottom plate thicknesses - 6 in. clearance.
17
Max bracket height ≈ 36 - 7.5 - 4 - 2 - 6 = 16.5 in.
E Fy
2
93
06
0
0
≤
0
.
3
8
=
0
.
3
8
=
1
0
.
8
tpmin = 5.44/10.8 = 0.504 in. ≤ 5/8 in. ok
E Fy
2
9 3
0 6
0
0
≤
3
.
7
6
=
3
.
7
6
=
1
0
6
4. Check the seat plate for shear yielding from the Joist Girder reaction ( = 1.0).
Seat Plate - Shear Yielding
P uN
9 4
0 0
tp
=
0
.
5
2
0
8
i
n
.
1
.
0
2
.
6
3
6
2
0
.
6
Fy
Use 5/8 horizontal plates
beff = (g - ts) ≤ N = 5.0 - 0.50 = 4.50 > 4.00, beff = 4.00 in.
Mn = FyZ ≤ 1.6My
Mn = Fybefftp2/4 ≤ 1.6Fybefftp2/6 = (36)(4)(0.625)2/4 < (1.6)(36)(4)(0.625)2/6
= 14.1 ≤ 15.0 kip-in.
Mn = 14.1 kip-in. per side
Mn = (0.9)(14.1) = 12.69 kip-in. per side
18
6. The stiffener bearing strength on the contact area must satisfy 2010 AISC
Specification Chapter J Section J7(a) ( = 0.75)
Stiffener - Bearing Strength on Contact Area
R n 1.8 Fy A pb
where,
Apb = projected bearing area, in.2 (mm2)
Fy = specified minimum yield stress, ksi (MPa)
9 3
0 6
tw
≥
=
0
.
3
5
i
n
.
1
.
0
0
.
6
1
2
.
0
0
.
6
Ls
Rn = (0.6)(Fy)(Ls)(ts) = (0.6)(36)(12.0)(0.50) = 129.6 kips
Rn = 129.6 ≥ 90 kips ok
8. Required weld connecting the vertical stiffener to the column web ( = 0.75)
Weld - Stiffener to Column Web
Ru ≤ Rn
Rn = (2)(0.75)(0.6)FEXX(0.707)(ws)(Ls)
Try ¼ in. fillet, Ls =12 in. each side of web.
Rn = (2)(0.75)(0.6)(70)(0.707)(.25)(12) = 133.6 kips.
90 ≤ 133.6 ok
19
.
.
R
=
R
+
R
2
5
+
1
4
0
2
8
7
k
i
p
s
/
i
n
2
2
2u
2u
Weld Resultant:
h
The nominal strength of the weld, kips/in. is calculated from the equation:
10. Strength of the welds connecting the seat bracket plates to the column flange, and
the minimum thickness of the plates and column flange ( = 0.75)
Weld - Seat/Bracket Plates to Column Flange
k = k1 - tw/2 = 1.063 - 0.515/2 = 0.8055 in. rounded up to nearest ¼ in. = 1.00 in.
Weld Length = (bf - tw)/2 - k = (12.1 - 0.515)/2 - 1.00 = 4.7925 in.
Rn = (4)(0.6)(FEXX)(0.707)(wp)(Weld Length)
= (4)(0.6)(70)(0.707)(0.25)(4.7925) = 142.3 kips
Rn = (0.75)(142.3) = 106.7 kips
Vr ≤ Rn
106.7 kips > 71.3 kips ok
There are four (4) shear planes and two (2) tension planes
Rn = (4)(0.6)Fytf[(bf - tw)/2 - k] +2UbsFutftp
k = the corner clip = (k1 - tw/2) rounded up to the nearest ¼ in.
k = 1.063 - 0.515/2 = 0.8055 in. rounded up to 1.0 in.
Rn = (2.4)(50)(0.810)[(12.10 - 0.515)/2 -1.0] + (2)(1.0)(65)(0.810)(0.625) = 531.6 kips
Rn = (0.75)(531.6) = 398.7 kips ≥ 71.3 ok
20
13. Check the flexural strength of the top and bottom single plates ( = 0.9)
Built - Up - Seat/Bracket Plate Flexure
From AISC Section F11-2: (a) For rectangular bars with 0.08E/Fy < Lbd/t2 ≤ 1.9E/Fy
bent about their major axis:
therefore:
F yE
L bt
d 2
M
=
C
1
.
5
2
-
0
.
2
7
4
M
≤
M
n
t = tp = 0.625 in.
Z = (tp)[(bf - tw)/2]2/4 = (0.625)[(12.1 - 0.515)/2]2/4 = 5.24 in3
Mp = FyZ = 188.7 kip-in
Sx = (tp)[(bf - tw)/2]2/6 = (0.625)[(12.1 - 0.515)/2]2/6 = 3.50 in3
My = FySx = 125.8 kip-in
3 9
6 0
.
.
M
=
1
0
1
.
5
2
-
0
.
2
7
4
8
0
6
7
M
≤
M
2
0
0
n
M
=
1
.
4
9
M
=
1
.
4
9
1
2
5
.
8
=
1
8
7
.
4
≤
1
8
8
.
7
k
i
p
-
i
n
n
Rn = t stW effFy
The Whitmore length equals (2)(tan30o)(8) = 9.24 in. plus the bottom chord leg
length. Thus the Whitmore width = 9.24 + 4 = 13.2 in. > 8 in.
Weff = 8.0 in.
Rn = (0.75)(8)(36) = 216.0 kips
Rn = (0.9)(216.0) = 194.4 kips
194.4 ≥ 64.6 kips ok
21
2. Check stabilizer block shear rupture strength ( = 0.75)
Stabilizer Plate - Block Shear Rupture Strength
3. Determine the weld between the bottom chord and the stabilizer plate ( = 0.75)
Weld - Joist Girder Bottom Chord to Stabilizer Plate
Try 1/4 in. fillet welds: Rn = (1.392)(4) = 5.57 kips/ in.
The welds must be 8 in. long (2 times the bottom chord leg height) to avoid a shear
lag reduction for the stabilizer.
The Specifying Professional must request that the Joist Girder bottom chords be a
minimum of 5/16 in. thickness. The Joist Girder Manufacturer is responsible for the
shear lag check of the bottom chord.
Eccentricity, = 1.116
x
.
1
1 8
1
6
U
.
1
0
8
6
22
5. Shear Yielding in the Top and Bottom Stiffener Plates ( = 1.0)
Stiffener Plate - Shear Yielding
Corner clip = (k1 - tw/2) rounded up to nearest ¼ in. = 1.063 - 0.515/2 = 0.8055 in.
Rounded up to 1.0 in.
There are four shear planes
Rn = (4)(0.6)(Fy)(tss)[(bf - tw)/2 - k]
= (1.0)(4)(0.6)(36)(0.50)[(12.10 - 0.515)/2 - 1.0] = 207 kips
Ru = 64.6 kips
207 kips > 64.6 kips ok
From AISC Section F11: (a) For rectangular bars with 0.08E/Fy < Lbd/t2 ≤ 1.9E/Fy
bent about their major axis:
M
≤
M
n
M
≤
M
2
0
0
n
Mn = 1.477My = (1.48)(100.7) = 148.7 kip-in. per plate
Mn = RnL/4, Rn = 4Mn/L = (4)(0.9)(148.7)/10.88 = 49.2 kips/plate
For two plates Rn = 98.41 kips
where L = d - 2tf = 12.5 - (2)(0.81) = 10.88 in.
For two plates: Rn = 98.4 kips
98.4 > 64.6 ok
7. Check the stiffener plate for shear rupture ( = 0.75)
Stiffener Plate - Shear Rupture
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8. Check the weld from between the stabilizer plate and the stiffener plates ( =0.75).
Weld - Stabilizer Plate to Stiffener Plates
The stabilizer plate must be welded to the top and bottom plates to resist a tension
or compression force of 64.6 kips.
9. Check the weld between the stiffener and the column flange ( = 0.75).
Weld - Stiffener to Column Flange
k = corner clip = k1 - tw/2 rounded up to nearest ¼ in. = 1.063 - 0.515/2 = 0.8055 in.
Rounded up to 1.0 in.
Weld length = (bf - tw)2 - k = (12.10 - 0.515)/2 - 1.0 = 4.7925 in.
Eight (8) welds resist the force.
Rn = 8(0.707)(wss)(0.6)(FEXX)(weld length)
= (8)(0.707)(0.1875)(0.6)(70)(4.7925) = 213.5 kips
Rn = (0.75)(213.5) = 160.1 kips > 64.6 kips ok
k = k1 - tw/2 rounded up to nearest ¼ in. = 1.063 - 0.515/2 = 0.8055 in. = 1.0 in.
Rn = (8)(0.6)Fytf[(bf - tw)/2 – k] + 4Futftss
= (8)(0.6)(50)(0.810)[(12.10 - 0.515)/2 - 1.0] + (4)(65)(0.810)(0.500) = 1037 kips
Rn = 0.75(1037) = 777.7 kips ≥ 64.6 ok
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PROGRAM USAGE GUIDE
Joist Girder Connections to the Weak Axis of Wide Flange Columns
SPREADSHEET Philosophy:
The SPREADSHEET is structured to allow the user to input all data rather than forcing
computer generated values. This allows the user to select values or to use office
standards. This is especially useful when a multitude of designs are being considered
so that calculations can be provided for “lumping” common values.
SPREADSHEET Description:
The SPREADSHEET has seven sheet tabs consisting of General Information,
Formatting, Sidewall W Column Diagram, Moment - Sidewall W Column, Interior W
Column Diagram, Moment - Interior W Column, and AISC Database v14.
General Information - List of design references, explanation of LFRD and
ASD color coding.
Formatting - Information on the printing formatting setup for the
SPREADSHEET.
Sidewall W Column Diagram - A diagram of the connection being
designed for a Joist Girder to a sidewall W column (with nomenclature).
Moment-Sidewall W Column - Design input and output sheet for the
moment connection for a Joist Girder to a sidewall W column.
Interior W Column Diagram - A diagram of the connection being designed
for Joist Girder to an interior W column (with nomenclature).
Moment-Interior W Column - Design Input and Output sheet for the
moment connection for two Joist Girders to an interior W column.
ASIC Database v14 - AISC shape data for use in the connection design.
The actual design input and output sheets have been formatted to print all required
information for the design calculations of the connections.
SPREADSHEET Usage:
Before using the SPREADSHEET you should have in your possession:
1. The Steel Joist Institute’s Technical Digest 11, “Design of Lateral Load Resisting
Frames Using Steel Joists and Joist Girders”.
2. The Steel Joist Institute’s Technical Digest 6, Design of Steel Joist Roofs to
Resist Uplift Loads”.
3. ANSI/AISC 360- 10, “Specification for Structural Steel Buildings”.
4. The Steel Joist Institute’s “Standard Specification for Joist Girders”, 2010.
5. Frame analysis results, such as Joist Girder end reactions, connection moments,
and column axial loads.
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First read the General Information Tab and the Formatting Tab.
Print out the diagrams: Sidewall W Column Diagram and the Interior W Column
Diagram. These will assist you with input requirements. For proper printing of the
SPREADSHEET you may have to reset the margins.
The chord sizes can be estimated as described in Chapter 2 of the SJI Technical
Digest 11.
The Joist Girder weight can be estimated using the SJI tabulated values in the
published catalog, or by multiplying the top or bottom chord weight by 2.5. See
the PRELIMINARY SIZING EXAMPLE.
The seat size can be estimated using the standards set forth by SJI Standard
Code of practice suggested sizes based on Joist Girder weight.
The preliminary thickness of the top moment plate, t tp, can be calculated by:
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1. First determining the chord force in the Joist Girder. The chord force is obtained
by dividing the end moment of the Joist Girder by the effective depth (Joist Girder
depth - ½ of the bottom chord angle size).
2. Then adding any additional axial chord load.
3. The plate thickness can then be determined by dividing the chord force by the
desired width of the top plate and Fy (LRFD) or 0.6Fy (ASD).
The width of the stabilizer plate (W st) is estimated by dividing the required axial force
(see Top Plate Preliminary Sizing) by the thickness of the stabilizer plate and Fy
(LRFD) or 0.6Fy (ASD). The stabilizer width must be a minimum of the chord angle leg
size plus the weld shelf dimensions.
Bracket Connection:
Determining the maximum length of the stiffener saves later checking during the design
process. The maximum Stiffener Length (L s) is approximately equal to the Joist Girder
depth minus the (Joist Girder seat depth + the horizontal plate thicknesses + 1/2 the
stabilizer plate vertical width + 6 in. clearance). The Joist Girder seat depth is 7 1/2 in.
on Joist Girders weighing 50 plf or less and 10 in. for Joist Girders having a weight over
50 plf. The Horizontal Plate Thicknesses (tp) can be estimated at 1 in. for this
calculation.
INPUT:
Use the Tabs to select a Moment- Sidewall W Column Design, or a Moment- Interior
W Column Design. If an interior column only has one side with a moment connection,
use the Moment-Sidewall W Column Tab.
There are two pull down Tabs, one used to select whether you want an LRFD or an
ASD Design and the second to choose the size of the W column for the design.
The CLEAR buttons can be used to clear all of the input cells in the group. There is
one button for connection input and one for the loading input. This CLEAR button does
not clear the project information, i.e., project name, number or engineer.
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COLUMN DATA:
Column data is automatically obtained from a file of the AISC W-Shapes after using the
drop down tab, or by typing in the column size.
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DESIGN REVIEW:
Examine the SUMMARY RESULTS for MOMENT CONNECTION to determine if the
design criteria are satisfied, or if undo conservatism exists relative to any of the input
data. The DETAILED RESULTS for MOMENT CONNECTION provides minimum
design criteria, the nominal strength, and the Design Strength (LRFD) or the Allowable
Strength (ASD) for the input data. These values can be studied to determine input
refinements. You can then make any necessary input changes.
2L’s: 2-1/2 x 2-1/2 x 1/4 would be sufficient; however, gravity loads would control the
size. Try 2L’s 4x4x3/8. Area = 5.72 in2.
Estimate the Joist Girder weight: From the SJI Catalog 47 plf.
From the chord size, the Joist Girder weight = (2.5)(3.4)(5.72) = 48.6 plf
So conservatively assume the Joist Girder weight = 53 plf
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Estimate the BRACKET Top Plate Width (Wp) based on SJI standards: Weight = 53 plf;
therefore, the Seat Plate Width (W p) = 9 in.
For the Top Plate assume a 1/4 in. fillet weld is used to attach the plate. A 1/2 in. weld
shelf dimension is required.
Try W tp = 4 in.
Preliminary Stabilizer Plate Width (Wst): t st = 3/4 in. for a 1 in. gap between
chords
Determine the Maximum Stiffener Length (L s) for the Stiffened Seat Connection:
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