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UNIVERSITI PENDIDIKAN SULTAN IDRIS

COURSE CURICULUM DESIGN AND INSTRUCTIONAL PLAN
Faculty
Department
Semester
Session
Course Name
Course Code
Credit Hours
Prerequisite

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FACULTY OF SCIENCE AND MATHEMATICS

BIOLOGY
1
20010/2011
PLANT MORPHOLOGY AND ANATOMY
SBC 3023/TBB 2033
3
-

(For courses with prerequisite, students must have taken the prerequisite courses)

LECTURER INFORMATION:
Name
E-mel
Nombor Telefon
No. bilik

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DR. NOR NAFIZAH MOHD. NOOR

nafizah@fst.upsi.edu.my
05-4506441
BC2-40

COURSE SYNOPSIS :
This course discuss the internal (anatomical) and external (morphological) structure of plant
vegetative and reproductive organs. These include types of plant cell and tissue, disposition and
composition of stem, root, leaf, flower and seed in relation to function, development, evolution,
ecological and environment. Emphasis will also be placed on their taxonomic significance and
relation to environment.
(Kursus ini membincangkan struktur dalaman (anatomi) dan luaran (morfologi) tumbuhan
vegetatif dan organ reproduktif. Ini termasuklah jenis sel dan tisu tumbuhan, susunan dan
komposisi organ-organ tumbuhan dalam hubungan kepada fungsi, perkembangan, evolusi,
ekologi dan persekitaran. Penekanan juga diberikan kepada kepentingan taksonomi serta
hubungannya dengan persekitaran.

LEARNING OUTCOMES

At the end of this course, students should be able to:

i. illustrate the primary and secondary growth in plant and where they occur.
ii.distinguish types of cell, tissue and organ in plant.
iii. explore anatomical and morphological variations in plants
iv. disseminate ideas of forms and function in plants
v.
describe the relationships between anatomical and morphological structures in plant.
vi. appreciate and thankful to god as a great creator and able to apply good ethics in
life.
vii. work in team towards tasks/assignments given.
MAIN REFERENCES :
Evert, R. F. (2006). Esaus Plant Anatomy: Meristems, Cells and tissues of the Plant Body-Their
Structure, Function, and Development. 3rd. Ed. USA.
Cutler, D.F, Botha, C.E.J. & Stevenson, D.W (2008). Plant Anatomy: An Applied
Approach. Blackwell Publishing, UK.
Esau, K. (1977). Anatomy of Seed Plant. John Wiley & Sons. Singapore.
Pandey, B.P. (2001) Plant Anatomy. S.Chand & Company Ltd.
Mauseth, J. D. (1988) Plant Anatomy. Menlo Park, California, Benjamin / Cummings Publishing
Co.
Simpson, M.G.(2010) Plant Systematics. Second Ed. Academic Press, Elsevier Inc.
Dutta, A.C. 1985 Botany For Degree Students. 6th. Ed. Oxford University Press. Delhi.
Bombay. Madras

ADDITIONAL REFERENCES:
Cutler, D. F. (1978) Applied Plant Anatomy. London, Longman.
Rudall,P. (2007). Anatomy of Flowering Plants: An Introduction to Structure and Development.
Cambridge University Press.UK.
Metcalfe, C. R. and Chalk, L. (1979) Anatomy of the Dicotyledons. 2nd. Ed. Oxford,
Clarendon Press.
Moore, R, Clark, W.D. and Vodopich D, S. (1998) Botany. 2nd. Ed. WCB/McGraw-Hill.USA.
Stern, K, R. (2000) Introductory to Plant Biology. 8th.Ed. Mc Graw Hill. USA..

METHODS OF TEACHING:

Lecture, laboratory practice, project, assignments/PBL, presentations and /exhibition

SOFT SKILLS EMBEDDED
AKTIVITI /
KI
Assignment
Indicators:

KOM

KBKM

PBPM

PSK

PIM

ETIK

KOM Communication Skill

KBPM Thinking and Problem Solving Skill
PBPM Life Long Learning and Information Management Skill
PSK Team Work Skill
PIM Leadership Skill
ETIK Professional Ethic
KU Entrepreneurship Skill
COURSE EVALUATION:
Assessment
Practical laboratory
Test I
Test II
Project
Assignments
and
PBL/Presentation
Total

Frequency
4-6
1
1
1
1-3

Weightage (%)
10
15
20
25
30
100

ACADEMIC GRADING SCALE:

Grade

Points Interval

GPA/CGPA

80 100

4.00

A-

75 79

3.75

B+

70 74

3.50

65 69

3.00

B-

60 64

2.75

KU

C+

55 59

2.50

50 54

2.00

C-

45 49

1.75

D+

40 44

1.50

35 39

1.00

0 34

SOFT SKILLS GRADING SCALE:

SCALE

CRITERIA

Has attained the elements of soft skills at the level of excellence

Has attained the elements of soft skills at a good level

Has attained the elements of soft skills at a satisfactory level

Has attained the elements of respected soft skills at a minimum level

Poor and need to improve

14-WEEK TEACHING SCHEDULE

Week

Learning Outcomes

Chapter/Topic

T&L Activities

Soft
Skills

Student should be
able to:

Cutler, D.F, et.al.

(2008).

1.0. Introduction to TBB 2033

Evert, R. F. (2006)

(Briefing on course outline, Attendance and Assessment scheme).

1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1-2

Introduction to Plant Anatomy

Historical Account (brief)
Importance of Anatomical Study
Plant Structure

2-3

2. 0 Plant Cells
1.0 Living Cell
1.1 The Cell Wall
1.2 Ergastic Substances
1.2.1 Starch
1.2.2 Lipid
1.2.3 Tannins
1.2.4 Crystals)

Reference

define what is
Plant anatomy
relate historical
account of plant
anatomy to
systematic
anatomy

Lecture and
discussion

KOM

Pandey, B.P(2001)
Stern, K.R. (2000).
Mauseth, J.D.
(2003).
Moore et.al.(1998).
Metcalfe and Chalk
(1979)
Esau, K. (1977).

Able to describe
plant cell and its
component: the
protoplasmic and
non-protoplasmic.

3.0 Plant Tissues

3.1 Simple tissues
3.1.1 Parenchyma
3.1.2 Collenchyma
3.1.3 Sclerenchyma

explain and
differtiate
simple and
complex tissue

Cutler, D.F, et.al.

(2008).
KOM
Lecture,
discussion &

Evert, R. F. (2006)

3.1.3.1 Sclerids
3.1.3.2 Fibers
3.2 Complex tissues
3.2.1 Xylem
3.2.2 Phloem
3.2.3 Epidermis
3.2.3.1 Stomata
3.2.3.2 Trichomes
3.2.3.3 Cuticles
3.2.4 Secretory cells and tissues
3.3 Secondary tissues
3.3.1 Vascular Cambium
3.3.2 Secondary Xylem
3.3.3 Secondary Phloem
3.3.4 Periderm and Bark

Experiment 1

Differentiate
parenchyma,
collenchyma
and
sclerenchyma
Identify the
vascular tissue
and epidermal
tissues.
Explain some
type of stomata
and trichomes
Understand the
primary and
secondary
tissue
make
observation,
identification,
drawing and
labeling

observation

Pandey, B.P(2001)
Stern, K.R. (2000).
Mauseth, J.D.
(2003).
Moore et.al.(1998).
Metcalfeand Chalk
(1979)
Esau, K. (1977).

Observation and
report writing

PBPM

Cutler, D.F, et.al.

(2008).
Evert, R. F. (2006)
Esau(1977)

2/3

Cutler(1978)
Pandey(2001)
Moore et al. (1998)
4
4.0 Apical Meristems
4.1.1 Types of Meristems
4.1.1 Apical Meristems
4.1.1.1 Shoot Apical
Meristems
( Histogen Theory,
Tunica-Corpus

define
characteristic
of meristems
and teories
involved.
Explain the

Lecture and
discussion/PBL

KOM
PBPM

Cutler, D.F, et.al.

(2008).
Evert, R. F. (2006)
Pandey, B.P(2001)
Stern, K.R. (2000).

Theory)
4.1.1.2 Root Apical
Meristems
(Histogen-hanstein
Root cap etc.)
4.1.2 Basal Meristems
4.1.3 Intercalary Meristems
4.1.4 Lateral Meristems

Experiment 2

initial cells and

type of
divisions occur
within
meristem
especially the
Angiosperms
meristem

seek, gain and

digest
information

work in team

Able to make
observation,
identification,
drawing and
labeling

Mauseth, J.D.
(2003).
Moore et.al.(1998).
Metcalfeand Chalk
(1979)
Esau, K. (1977).

Observation and
report writing

KOM
PBPM

Cutler, D.F, et.al.

(2008).
Evert, R. F. (2006)
Mauseth(1988)

3/4

Esau(1977)
Cutler(1978)
Pandey(2001)
Moore et al. (1998)

5-6

5.0 Stem Anatomy

5.0 Primary Structure of Stem (Monocot and Dicot)
5.1 Arrangement of tissues:
5.1.1 Epidermis
5.1.2 Cortex and Pith
5.1.3 Endodermis and Stele

Able to define
and elaborate
characteristic
of primary and
secondary
growth and
tissue

Lecture and
discussion/PBL

KOM
PBPM

Mauseth(1988)
Esau(1977)
Cutler, D.F, et.al.
(2008).

5.1.4

Vascular Bundles

5.2 Secondary Growth in Stems

5.2.1 Dicotyledonous Stem: Cambium, Secondary
Xylem (Wood), Xylem parenchyma
5.2.1.1 Annual Rings
5.2.1.2 Sap Wood and Heart Wood
5.2.1.3 Secondary Xylem
5.2.1.4 Bark
5.3.2 Monocotyledonous
Stem
5.3.3 Gymnosperms Stem
5.4 Type of stems
5.4.1 Conifer
5.4.2 Woody Dicotyledon
5.4.3 Herbaceous Dicotyledon
5.4.4 Dicotyledonous vine
5.4.5 Dicotyledons with
anomalous
secondary growth
5.4.6 Monocotyledons

4/5

Experiment 3

arrangement
Able to explain
the
development
of primary and
secondary
growth in stem
Ilustrate briefly
the
developmental
stages of
primary to
secondary
growth in stem
Able to seek,
gain and
digest
information

Pandey(2001)
Moore et al. (1998)

Able to work in
team

Able to make
observation,
identification, drawing
and labeling

Observation and
report writing

KOM
PSK

Mauseth(1988)
Esau(1977)
Evert, R. F. (2006)
Cutler, D.F, et.al.
(2008).
Pandey(2001)
Moore et al. (1998)

MID-TERM TEST
7

7.0 Leaves Anatomy

7.1 Structure of foliage leaves
7.1.2 Epidermis
7.1.3 Palisade
7.1.4 Mesophyll
7.1.5 Vascular bundles
7.2 Anatomy of dicotyledonous
leaf
7.3 Anatomy of
monocotyledonous leaf
7.4 Anatomy of gymnosperm leaf
7.5 Petiole Anatomy
7.6 Ecological anatomy
7.7 Hydrophytes
7.8 Xerophytes
7.9 Mesophytes

5-6

Able to
describe and
portray the
anatomical
structure of
leaf
describe
anatomical
characteristics
of leaf
Able to
differentiate
anatomical
structure of
dorsiventral
(dicot) and
isobilateral
(monocot)
leaves
Identify tissues
within leaf

Lecture and
discussion/PBL

KOM
PBPM
PSK

Mauseth(1988)
Esau(1977)
Cutler, D.F, et.al.
(2008).
Pandey(2001)
Moore et al. (1998)

Able to seek,
gain and
digest
information

Experiment 4 & 5
Able to make
observation,
identification, drawing
and labeling

Observation and
report writing

KOM

Mauseth(1988)
Evert, R. F. (2006)
Cutler, D.F, et.al.
(2008).

Pandey(2001)
Moore et al. (1998)

8-9

8.0 Floral Anatomy

8.1 Floral Structure
8.1.1 Sepal (calyx) and
Petal(corolla)
8.1.2 Gynoecium
8.1.3 Androecium

Able to
disseminate
and portray
Floral anatomy
Able to identify
the floral parts

Lecture and
discussion/PBL

KOM
PBPM
PSK

Evert, R. F. (2006)
Esau(1977)
Cutler, D.F, et.al.
(2008).

9.0 Fruit and Seed Anatomy

9.1 Fruit anatomy
9.1.2 Fruit Structure:
Fruit Walls
9.2 Seed Anatomy
9.2.1 Seed Structure:
Seed coat
6 -10

Mauseth(1988)

Pandey(2001)
Moore et al. (1998)

Project

Able to work in
team
Able to explore
anatomical &
Morphological
variation in
selected plant
Able to
disseminate
idea of form &
function in
plants

PBPM
PSK
PBPM

10.0 Root Morphology

10.1 Types of Roots

10.1.1 Tap roots
10.1.2 Adventitious root
10.1.3 Lateral roots
10.2 Root Structure
10.2.1 Differentiation zone
10.2.2 Elongation Zone
10.2.3 Cell Division Zone
10.2.4 Root Cap
10.2.5 Quiescent centre
10.3 Modified Roots
10.3.1 Storage Roots
10.3.2 Prop Roots
10.3.3 Aerial Roots
10.3.4 Mycorrhizae
10.3.5 Haustorial Root

10-11

11.0 Stem Morphology

Able to seek,
gain and
digest
information

Able to work in
team

Able to define
morphology of
stems, habit of
plants and
stem
modification

11.1 Stem buds

11.1.1 Terminal buds
11.1.2 Axillary buds
11.1.3 Accessory buds
11.2 Habit of Plants (According
to types of stems)
11.2.1 Herbs
11.2.2 Shrub
11.2.3 Trees
11.2.4 Climbers
11.3 Modifications of stems
11.3.1 Rhizome,
Tuber and Bulb.

Able to
describe root
morphology, its
types,
structure and
modifications
to suit the
function and
environment.
Able to identify
variety types of
root

Able to seek,
gain and
digest
information
Able to work in
team

Lecture and
discussion/PBL

KOM
PBPM
PSK

Dutta, A.C.
(1985)
Mauseth(1988)
Esau(1977)
Pandey(2001)
Moore et al. (1998)
Stern, K, R. (2000)
Simpson, M.G.
(2010)

Lecture and
discussion/PBL

KOM
PBPM
PSK

Dutta, A.C.
(1985)
Mauseth(1988)
Esau(1977)
Pandey(2001)
Moore et al. (1998)
Stern, K, R. (2000)
Simpson, M.G.
(2010)

11.3.2 Runner and Stolon

11.3.3 Thorn and Tendril
11.3.4 Phylloclade and Cladote
11.4 Branching
11.4.1 Lateral and
Dichotomous
Branching
12

12.0 Leaf Morphology

12.1 Leaf Apex
12.2 Leaf Base
12.3 Leaf Shape
12.4 Leaf Margin
12.5 Leaf Venation
12.6 Simple and Compound Leaves
12.7 Modification of Leaves
12.8 Phyllotaxy

Able to define
the diverse
morphology of
leaf from it
apex, base
and overall
shape
Able to
differentiate
the different
between
simple and
compound
leaves
Able to provide
examples of
modified
leaves
Able to
understand
phyllotaxy in
plant
Able to work in
team

Lecture,
discussion,
PBL/presentation

KOM

Dutta, A.C.
(1985)

PBPM
Mauseth(1988)
Esau(1977)
Moore et al. (1998)
Stern, K, R. (2000)
Simpson,M.G.(2010)

13

13.0 Flower Morphology

13.1 Parts of Flowers: Calyx.
Corolla, Gynoecium (pistil),
Androecium, Bracts etc.
13.2 Position of Ovary
13.2.1 Hypogenous
13.2.2 Epigenous
13.2.3 Perigenous
13.2.4 Variations between
the three types
13.3 Floral Diagram and Formula
13.4 The Inflorescences
12.4.1 Types of inflorescence
12.4.1.1 Racemose
12.4.1.2 Cymose

14

14.0 Fruit and seed Morphology

14.1 Classification of seeds
14.1.1 Simple Fruits: dehiscent,
indehiscent and Splitting
14.1.2 Aggregate Fruits
14.1.3 Multiple Fruits
14.2 Seed Structure
14.2.1 Dicotyledonous Seed
14.2.2 Monocotyledonous
Seed

Able to define
and convey
the
morphology of
flower and

Lecture and
discussion/PBL

KOM
PBPM
PSK

Mauseth(1988)
Esau(1977)

inflorescences:

parts and
types

Able to seek,
gain and
digest
information

Able to work in
team

Able to define
and convey
the
morphology of
fruit and seed.

Able to identify
types of fruits

Able to seek,
gain and
digest
information

Pandey(2001)

Able to draw
floral diagram
and write floral
formula

Able to work in

Dutta, A.C.
(1985)

Moore et al. (1998)

Stern, K, R. (2000)
Simpson, M.G.
(2010)

Lecture and
discussion/PBL

KOM
PBPM
PSK
ETIK

Dutta, A.C.
(1985)
Mauseth(1988)
Esau(1977)
Moore et al. (1998)
Stern, K, R. (2000)
Simpson, M.G.
(2010)

team

15

16-18

REVISION WEEKS
FINAL EXAMINATION