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ASSIGNMENT SOLUTIONS GUIDE (2014-2015)

E.S.-335
v;kid rFkk fo|ky;
(Teacher and School)
Disclaimer/Special Note: These are just the sample of the Answers/Solutions to some of the Questions given in the
Assignments. These Sample Answers/Solutions are prepared by Private Teacher/Tutors/Auhtors for the help and Guidance
of the student to get an idea of how he/she can answer the Questions of the Assignments. We do not claim 100% Accuracy
of these sample Answers as these are based on the knowledge and cabability of Private Teacher/Tutor. Sample answers
may be seen as the Guide/Help Book for the reference to prepare the answers of the Question given in the assignment. As
these solutions and answers are prepared by the private teacher/tutor so the chances of error or mistake cannot be denied.
Any Omission or Error is highly regretted though every care has been taken while preparing these Sample Answers/
Solutions. Please consult your own Teacher/Tutor before you prepare a Particular Answer & for uptodate and exact
information, data and solution. Student should must read and refer the official study material provided by the university.

iz'u 1- D;k vki lksprs gSa f'k{kd dk fu"iknu mlosQ fo|kfFkZ;ksa rFkk led{k lewg }kjk vkdfyr fd;k tkuk
pkfg,\ vius mkj dks U;k;laxr fl dhft,A
mkjfu"iknu ewY; fu/kZj.k dks vxszth esa Appraisal Evaluation ;k Performance Appraisal dgk tkrk gSA ftldk vFkZ
gS] laxBu esa ,d fuf'pr le; esa lEikfnr dk;ks dk ewY; fu/kZfjr djukA oLrqr% dbZ cM+h&cM+h MNCs esa vZ&fu"iknu (Midappraisal) vkSj iw.kZ&fu"iknu (Full Appraisal) osQ vuqlkj gh deZpkfj;ksa dks osru ykHk ;k in ykHk izkIr gksrk gSA
fu"iknu ewY;&fu/kZj.k izf;k osQ nkSjku fdlh v;kid dh laLFkk esa mi;ksfxrk o ego dk ;kstukiwoZd ewY;kadu fd;k tkrk gSA
lkekU;r% ;g izf;k ofj"B ;k fof'k"V fu;qDr vf/dkjh }kjk lEikfnr dh tkrh gSA fdlh Hkh laxBu esa dk;Z dh xfr dks cuk, j[kus
osQ fy, ewY;kadu vko';d gks tkrk gSA izk;% bl izdkj osQ ewY;kadu dk ms'; v;kidksa dks mudh okLrfod fLFkfr ls voxr djkuk
gksrk gS] fiQj pkgs og dfe;kas osQ :i eas gks ;k vPNkb;ksa osQ :i esaA bl nkSjku dkZO;fu"B rFkk vPNs v;kidksa dks lEeku iznku fd;k
tkrk gS] ftlls Hkfo"; gsrq vkSj vPNk dk;Z djus dks izsfjr gksaA blh osQ lkFk&lkFk ,sls v;kid ftUgsa fof'k"V izf'k{k.k dh vko';drk
gS] ewY;kadu }kjk ,sls {ks=kksa dks igpkudj mudh enn dh tkrh gSA lsokdkyhu izf'k{k.k }kjk v;kidksa dh dk;Z{kerk vkSj Kku esa o`f
dh tkrh gS] ftlls lekt osQ fodkl esa enn fey tkrh gSA
la{ksi esa] fu"iknu ewY;kadu }kjk laxBu esa ;ksX; v;kidksa dks ykHk o v;ksX;@fuEu;ksX; dks izf'k{k.k iznku fd;k tkrk gSA
fo|kFk;ksa }kjk v;kid&ewY;kadu
cPps fu"i{k] ljy o eklwe gksrs gSaA muesa Ny&diV o cukoV dk vHkko gksrk gSA vr% viuk Li"V fu.kZ; nsus esa os dHkh
fgpfdpkrs ugha] c'krsZ mu ij dksbZ ncko u gksA vc D;ksafd Nk=kksa osQ lkFk LowQy esa lcls T;knk le; v;kid gh fcrkrk gS rks mUgsa
ekywe gksrk gS fd v;kid mudh vk'kkvksa ij [kjs mrjs gSa ;k ughaA os izk;% viuk fu.kZ; d{kk osQ okrkoj.k] v;kid osQ LoHkko]
fofHkUu ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa mudk LoHkko] cPpkas osQ izfr joS;k vkfn ns[k dj ysrs gSaA Nk=k dbZ fof/;ksa ls ewY;kadu izf;k dk ifj.kke izkIr
djrs gSa] muesa ls lokZf/d izpfyr fof/;kalk{kkRdkj o losZ{k.k izi=k (losZ iQkeZ) gSA
lk{kkRdkj fof/ esa Nk=kksa dks ms'; crk, fcuk fo|ky; ls vizR;{k :i ls tqM+s gq, O;fDr }kjk lh/s iz'u iwNs tkrs gSa vkSj izkIr
mkjkas osQ vk/kj ij ewY;kadu ifj.kke izkIr fd;k tkrk gSA nwljh fof/ vFkkZr losZ iQkeZ osQ varxZr oLrqfu"B (Objective) vkSj
O;k[;kRed (Subjective) nksuksa rjg osQ iz'u vkrs gSaA Nk=kksa }kjk nh xbZ izkFkfedrk osQ vuqlkj ewY;kadu fu/kZfjr fd;k tkrk gSA gkykafd
liQy ewY;kadu dh ;g lVhd fof/ gS] D;ksafd lkeuk djus okyk cPpk gh v;kid dh vlyh lPpkbZ crk ldrk gSA ijarq fiQj Hkh
;g fof/ lHkh nks"kksa ls eqDr ugha gSA dgk tkrk gS fd cPps rks cPps gSa os O;Ldksa dh Hkkafr ifjiDo fu.kZ; ugha ys ldrsA os izR;sd

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i{k dks u ns[kdj dbZ ckj osQoy ,d gh i{k osQ vk/kj ij fu.kZ; ys ysrs gSa ;k dbZ ckj ckgjh dkjdksa ls izHkkfor gksdj os tYnckth
esa fu.kZ; ys ysrs gSaA rFkkfi fdlh Hkh gkyr esa mudh lksp o er dks udkjk ugha tk ldrkA

Lo rFkk led{kh ewY;kadu

lekt dk vfHkUu vax gksus osQ dkj.k v;kid osQ muosQ mkjnkf;Ro gksrs gSa ftudh og vuns[kh ugha dj ldrkA 'kSf{kd ms';ksa
dh izkfIr gsrq vusd ijh{k.kksa ls gksdj xqtjuk iM+rk gSA viuh tokcns;rk osQ vk/kj ij og vusd yksxkas osQ izfr mkjnk;h gS vkSj lcls
T;knk gS] viuh ^vkRek* vFkkZr Lo;a osQ izfrA vr% fdlh vU; osQ ewY;kadu ls igys mldk Lo;a osQ izfr fu"i{k fu.kZ; vko';d gSA
og vius lkeF;Z vkSj detksfj;ksa ls Hkyh&Hkkafr ifjfpr gksrk gSA og muesa lq/kj gsrq vusd mipkjkRed mik;ksa dks iz;ksx esa yk ldrk
gSA gkfu osQ rkSj ij ns[kk x;k gS fd vusd v;kid nwljksa dh rqyuk eas Lo;a fu"iknu dh xq.kokk osQ ewY; dks T;knk vkadrs gSa ftlls
ifj.kkeksa dk lVhd fudyuk yxHkx vk'kafdr gh jgrk gSA
v;kid }kjk vf/xe izf;k esa eglwl dh tkus okyh leL;kvksa dks ;k rks og [kqn gh le> ldrk gS ;k mldk led{khA vr%
ewY;kadu djus ls igys fo|ky;h O;oLFkk] d{kk d{k leL;kvksa rFkk vf/xe izf;k ls lacaf/r leL;kvksa dks le>uk vfr vko';d
gS] rHkh ewY;kadu fu"i{k gks ik,xkA vFkkZr leku 'kSf{kd ;ksX;rk] dk;Z{kerk] dk;Ziz.kkyh] vuqHko o izf'k{k.k okys O;fDr tc ,d&nwljs
osQ dk;ks dk ewY;kadu djrs gSa rks og bl Js.kh esa vkrk gSA ,sls esa mu nksuksa dk led{kh gksus osQ vykok vU; dksbZ O;fDrxr laca/
u gks] vU;Fkk ifj.kke Bhd ugha vk,xkA lkFk gh ;g Hkh t:jh gS fd ewY;kadu ;kstukiwoZd gksuk pkfg,A
la{ksi esa Lo ewY;kadu] led{kh ewY;kadu rFkk Nk=k ewY;kadu vius ykHk rFkk gkfu;ka gSa ijarq fiQj Hkh ;g f'k{k.k vf/xe izf;k
esa ,d lathouh cwVh dk dk;Z djrk gS] ftlls vPNs v;kid dks iqjLdkj (Reward) vkSj [kjkc v;kid dks lq/jus o lh[kus dk
volj feyrk gSA cl vko';drk gS rks lHkh izf;kvksa dks Bhd ls lek;ksftr djus dhA
iz'u 2- d{kk xr funsZ'ku dks izHkkoh :i ls dk;kZfUor djus esa izca/dh; dkS'kyksa dk iz;ksx oSQls dj ldrs gSa O;k[;k
dhft,A
mkjvkt v;kid dh Hkwfedk cny jgh gSA 'kSf{kd fu.kZ; ysus esa mudh vf/d&ls&vf/d Hkkxhnkjh vko';d gSA ijEijkxr
f'k{kk iz.kkyh esa Nk=kksa dks osQoy v{kj&cks/ djk;k tkrk FkkA vf/drj iz'uksa dks jVus vkSj ijh{kkvksa ij gh cy fn;k tkrk FkkA fiNys
lkS o"kks eas v;kid dh Hkwfedk esa kfUr mRiUu gqbZ gSA vkt f'k{kk iz.kkyh dks cnyus esa vkFkd uhfr us egoiw.kZ Hkwfedk fuHkkbZ gS]
ftlus ,d v;kid dh Hkwfedk dks vf/d rduhdh cuk fn;k gSA v;kid dh ;ksX;rk ij gh ,d fo|ky; dk Hkfo"; dkiQh lhek
rd vk/kfjr gSA 21oha lnh esa v;kid ls izca/u dh vis{kk, c<+ xbZ gSaA mls izca/d osQ :i esa dbZ izdkj osQ dk;Z djus iM+rs gSa
(i) lk/uksa dk izca/uijEijkxr :i esa ,d v;kid tks Hkh midj.k iz;ksx djrk Fkk] os lhfer FksA cnyrh f'k{kk osQ vuq:i
mls fofHkUu u, lk/ukas dk izca/ djuk gksrk gS] tSlsnwjn'kZu] jsfM;ks] dEI;wVj] n`';&JO; lkeXkzh] LykbM~l o izkstsDVj bR;kfnA D;ksafd
;g vkt dh iBu lkexzh dh ekx gSA lk/uksa osQ fu;a=k.k vkSj mi;ksx dh ftEesnkjh Hkh v;kid ij gSA
(ii) ikB~;p;kZ dk fu;kstuv;kid Nk=kksa dk izca/d gSA mls vxys ipkl o"kks esa tks Hkh iBu lkexzh Nk=kksa osQ ykHk ykHkdkjh
gks vkSj iBu vkthfodk dek ldus esa l{ke cuk losQ osQ fu;kstu dk fu.kZ; v;kid dks gh ysuk gSA miyC/ fo"k;&oLrq esa ls fdldk
p;u djuk gS vkSj fdls fudky nsuk gS bls Hkh v;kid gh r; djsxkA
(iii) uokpkj vkSj ifjorZufo|ky; osQ fodkl osQ fy, ,d v;kid dks gh u, ifjorZu djus gksrs gSa vFkkZr mls ,d ,slk
okrkoj.k rS;kj djuk gS ftlls ifjorZu ykxw fd;k tk losQA
(iv) lgxkeh f;kdykivkt cPpkssa osQ O;fDrRo osQ fodkl esa ikB~;e osQ lkFk&lkFk lgxkeh f;kdykiksa dh Hkwfedk dks
Lohdkjk x;k gSA v;kid Nk=kksa osQ fy, fofHkUu f;kdyki vk;ksftr dj ldrk gS_ tSlsiz'u eap] ukVd] xk;u] dyk izfr;ksfxrk
bR;kfnA v;kid osQ fy, bu lcosQ ms';ksa vkSj ego dks tkuus dh vfr vko';drk gSA
(v) ijh{kkvksa dk izca/ijh{kkvksa dk izca/ djuk lcls egoiw.kZ dk;Z gSA bl dk;Z osQ fy, mls fofHkUu izdkj dk Kku gksuk
pkfg,_ tSlsijh{kk lwph fdl izdkj rS;kj djuh gS] ijh{kk&i=k gj fo|kFkhZ dks ;ku esa j[kdj cuk;k tk, vkSj iz'u&i=k dk vk/kj
oSKkfud o rduhdh gksA ijh{kk v;kid }kjk i<+k, x, dk;ks dk vPNk ewY;kadu gSA
(vi) }a} izca/ud{kk esa oqQN Nk=k fofHkUu laLfr;ksa dh i`"BHkwfe ls vkrs gSa vkSj vU; Nk=kksa ls lek;kstu djus eas dfBukbZ vuqHko
djrs gSaA blfy, v;kid dk ;g dkZO; gS fd og d{kk esa ,slk okrkoj.k cuk, fd gj dksbZ ,d&nwljs osQ n`f"Vdks.k dks le>s vkSj

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fo"k; ij [kqydj ppkZ djsA

fu"d"kZvk/qfud lekt esa vkt v;kidksa dh Hkwfedk esa cgqr ls cnyko vk, gSaA v;kiu dk {ks=k dkiQh pqukSfr;ksa ls Hkjk gqvk
gSA ,sls esa v;kid dk ,d izca/d osQ :i esa mHkj dj lkeus vkuk 'kSf{kd ms';ksa dh iwr osQ fy, ykHkdkjh gSA
,d v;kid osQ thou esa v;kiu osQ egoiw.kZ dk;ks esa ls ,d dk;Z gS fu.kZ; ysukA oSls rks f'k{kk osQ {ks=k ls tqMs+ gksus osQ ukrs
og dbZ fu.kZ; ysrk gS ijarq muesa ls oqQN fu.kZ; cgqr gh egoiw.kZ gksrs gSa] tks bl izdkj gSa
viuh d{kk esa Nk=kksa dh Lora=krk dk ;ku j[krs gq, mlls lacaf/r fu.kZ; ysrk gSA
d{kk eas vuq'kklu vkSj LoPNrk laca/h fu.kZ; ysrk gSA
d{kk esa ;ksX;rk osQ vk/kj ij Nk=kksa dks lewgksa esa ckVrk gSA
ijh{kk dh frfFk] le;] iz'u&i=k dk Lo:i o mfpr vad fu/kZj.k vkfn dk fu.kZ; ysrk gSA
izR;sd Nk=k d{kk esa gj izdkj dh ppkZ esa Hkkx ys] bldk fu.kZ; djrk gSA
u, izdkj osQ lalk/uksa osQ mi;ksx ls lacaf/r fu.kZ;] fd mudk iz;ksx fdl izdkj fd;k tk,A
d{kk esa i<+k, tkus okyh ikB~; lkexzh esa ls lcls lgh o mke ikB;e dk pquko djukA
ikB;e dk vk/kj D;k gks_ tSlsvfHkO;fDr] [kkst ;k tkpA
Nk=kksa dh izfrHkk dk irk yxkuk o mUgsa fo|ky; esa gksus okys fofHkUu dk;Zdykiksa esa Hkkx ysus osQ fy, izsfjr djukA
vHk O;ogkj osQ fy, Nk=kksa osQ fo"k; esa lgh fu.kZ; ysuk ;k mUgsa iz/kukpk;Z osQ ikl Hkstuk vkfnA
le;&le; ij okn&fookn] Hkk"k.k] izfr;ksfxrk] iz'u eap] dyk izfr;ksfxrk] ukVd vkfn dk vk;kstu djukA
mi;qDZ r f;kdyki egoiw.kZ gS]a tgk v;kid fu.kZ; ysrk gSA
fu"d"kZv;kid dks lHkh miyC/ fodYikas dks ;ku esa j[kdj gh fu.kZ; ysuk pkfg,A fu.kZ; ysus ls v;kid dh viuh vyx
igpku curh gS vkSj muosQ }kjk fy, x, fu.kZ; nh?kZdkfyd gksrs gSaA
iz'u 3- ek;fed fo|ky;h Lrj ij f'k{k.k djrs le; vkus okyh leL;kvksa esa ls ,d leL;k dh igpku dhft,A
bl leL;k dk lek/ku djus osQ fy, ,d f;kRed vuqla/ku dhft,A bl v;;u osQ fu;kstu vkSj fu"d"kks ij ,d
fjiksVZ rS;kj dhft,A
mkjv;kiu vkSj mlls lac leL;kvksa osQ lek/ku osQ fy, f;kRed 'kks/
v;kid viuh v;kiu izf;k esa cgqr lkjh leL;kvkas dk lkeuk djrk gSA tSlsi<+kus dh O;oLFkk djuk] fo|kFk;ksa dk nsj ls
vkuk] le; ij 'kqYd u nsuk rFkk ikB~;iqLrdksa dk vHkko bR;kfnA bu lHkh leL;kvksa dks v;kid viuh cqf ls gy dj ldrk gS
vkSj og vius lkFkh v;kidkas dh lgk;rk Hkh ys ldrk gSA v;kid vius dk;Z esa iwjh rjg ;ksX; gS vkSj oqQN v;kid vkt 'kks/
dk;Ze }kjk viuh leL;kvksa dk lek/ku [kkstrs gSaA leL;k&lek/ku vk/kfjr dk;Z dks f;kRed 'kks/ dgk tkrk gSA LVsfiQu ,e- dksjs
us 1953 esa bl 'kCn dk iz;ksx fd;k FkkA leL;k osQ lek/ku esa 'kkfey f;kRed 'kks/dkkZ osQ :i esa v;kid dh Hkwfedk Li"V gksrh
gSA f;k vUos"k.k }kjk v;kid viuh d{kk dh leL;kvksas dks vPNs <ax ls le> ldrk gSA blls mi;qDr lek/kuksa dh izkfIr gksrh
gSA vkt dbZ v;kidksa us f;kRed 'kks/ esa viuh #fp fn[kkbZ gSA tSls fnYyh esa jk"Vh; 'kSf{kd vuqla/ku ,oa izf'k{k.k ifj"kn gj o"kZ
jk"Vh; iQksje ij ppkZ djus osQ fy, v;kidksas dks fueaf=kr djrk gS vkSj os vius fopkj izLrqr djrs gSaA f;kRed 'kks/ osQ fy, v;kid
dks vkdM+s bdV~Bs djus pkfg, vkSj mUgsa oSKkfud rjhosQ ls ec djosQ fu"d"kZ fudkyuk pkfg,A

laxksf"B;ks]a dk;Z'kkykvkas vkSj ifjlaokn

tSls dk;Zdyki dk vk;kstu

f;kRed 'kks/ ,d egoiw.kZ lao`fkd dk;Zdyki gS ij v;kid leL;kvksa dks gy djus osQ fy, vkSj Hkh dk;Zdykikas dk vk;kstu
djrk gSA tks fuEufyf[kr izdkj gSa
laxksf"B;ksa ;k lsfeukjksa dk vk;kstulaxks"Bh ;k lsfeukj dh O;oLFkk orZeku leL;kvksa ij fopkj djus osQ fy, dh tkrh gSA
lsfeukj esa f'k{kdksa dk n`f"Vdks.k lk/u lEiUu gksuk pkfg,A mls laxks"Bh dk le;] frfFk rFkk LFkku vkfn igys ls gh fuf'pr dj ysuk
pkfg,A f'k{kdksa dk lewg Hkh feydj laxksf"B;ksa dk vk;kstu dj ldrk gSA ikB~;&iqLrdksa dk pquko] uohu f'k{k.k fof/;k rFkk ewY;kadu
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vkfn blosQ mnkgj.k gSa ftl ij v;kid ppkZ dj ldrs gSaA bu lsfeukjksa osQ vk;kstu osQ ckn budh fjiksVZ vo'; rS;kj dh tkrh gSA
dk;Z'kkykvksa dk vk;kstutSlk fd uke ls Li"V gksrk gS ^dk;Z dh 'kkyk*A dk;Z'kkyk O;kolkf;d n`f"Vdks.k dks foLr`r djrh
gSA dk;Z'kkyk dk vk;kstu fdlh laLFkk ;k la?k }kjk fd;k tkrk gSA dk;Z'kkyk dk vk;kstu fdlh fo'ks"k izdkj osQ dkS'ky dks fodflr
djus osQ fy, fd;k tkrk gSA bu dk;Z'kkykvksa esa Hkkx ysus okys v;kidksa dks bu esa lf; gksdj dk;Z djuk iM+rk gSA
ifjlaoknksa dk vk;kstuek;fed vkSj mPprj ek;fed fo|ky;ksa esa dk;Zjr v;kidkssa osQ fy, ifjlaoknksa dk vk;kstu fd;k
tkrk gSA ifjlaoknksa esa 'kks/&i=k] fo"k;&oLrq vkfn eqksa ij ppkZ dh tkrh gSA blosQ vk;kstu esa csgrj rS;kjh rFkk mfpr izca/u dh
vko';drk gksrh gSA

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