PILIPINAS SA

TIMOG-SILANGANG ASYA
Tagapag-ulat:
EVE ANTONIO-PUNAN

INDONESIA
The name Indonesia derives from the Greek
words Inds and nsos, which means "island".

There are 17,000 islands,8,844 islands

have been named according to estimates
with 6000 of those permanently
inhabited and about 1,000 are
permanently settled.

 Indonesia has the worlds fourth largest

population after China, India and the United
States, with 252 Million population,
34 provinces
gold and silver massa (emas is the modern
Indonesian word for "gold")
Dutch Colonial money

 Gulden Japanese occupation

currency Invasion local money

One Rupiah, First issue in 1945

* 1 Indonesian Rupiah = 0.0034 Phil.Peso

OFFICIAL IDEOLOGY: PANCASILA

Five Principles: monotheism
humanitarianism
nationalism
democracy
social justice

Major characteristics of PANCASILA

are its rejection to :
POVERTY,
BACKWARDNESS,
CONFLICTS,
EXPLOITATION,
CAPITALISM FEUDALISM, DICTATORSHIP,
COLONIALISM, AND
IMPERIALISM

 The government supported by a large number of

seminars and training sessions held regularly, most
often annually, particularly among the circles of the
government employees.
The students demanded that the New Order
government pay attention to supporting the needs of
Indonesian youth and to promoting their aspirations
for progressive and developed Indonesia. To stabilize
the country, Suharto kept reminding the youth of
Indonesia of the outside threats of alien culture that
would eventually lead to losing Indonesian national
identity.

Five Principles:
monotheism

 Indonesia is strict when it comes to religion.

The government only recognizes six religions
Islam, Hinduism, Buddhism, Protestantism,
Catholicism, and Confucianism and every
citizen must officially subscribe to one of
those religions, regardless of what he or she
may actually believe.
Two individuals with different religions are
not allowed to marry, unless one of them
converts

 Indonesia gain the full adult status through

marriage. Even homosexual has great family
pressure to marry
Divorce and re-marriage are diverse
Some society also practice levirate
253, 6099, 643 growth rate
17.04/1000 birth rate
25.16/1000 infant mortality rate

Five Principles:
HUMANITARIANISM
NATIONALISM

humanitarianism
The United States Department of States
Human Rights Report for 2003 (issued in
February 2004) rates the Indonesian
governments human rights record is poor
and notes that Indonesia has continued to
commit serious abuses.

EDUCATION
Indonesia has 12 year public and private
education system
Grade 1-6 primary
Grade 7-9 junior high school
Grade 10-12 senior high school
Schooling is compulsory at the primary since
1993 but junior high and senior high school is
optional
Adult literacy 88.5 percent

 Pancasila is offered in Civic Education

Most religious school emphasize islamic
values and thoughts.
There are some 1, 643 institutions of higher
education

CULTURE
Suharto as well as his advisers claimed that
national stability could be achieved by
adhering to their beliefs in nationalism and
Indonesias own traditional heritage
It was important for Suharto to keep a sense
of origin and tradition in order to achieve
national stability, including the development
of the younger generation.

The Beautiful Indonesia in Miniature

Park
Commonly known as TAMAN MINI was
constructed by Yayasan Harapan Kita (Our Hope
Foundation) which was chaired by Mrs Suharto.
The project cost 10.5 billion Rupiah or 25 Million
US dollars
Whatever happens, I wont retreat an inch!

Suharto strongly believed that creating a

modern Indonesia can only be accomplished by
retaining its own identity. Suharto wanted the
people to become modern as long as they
retained their traditional cultural identity.

Suharto built the monument Lubang Buaya to

commemorate the establishment of the new regime that
aimed to bring harmony and unity and then he instructed
the Minister of Education and Culture to revise school
nooks in order to emphasize the instability of the previous
rule , thereby using education as a tool to strengthen the
nationalistic sentiment and fortify nationality unity.

Taman MINI

JAVA

BACK CLOTH

Lombok brooch

Hindu trinity Shiva, Vishnu and

Shiva

Textile and
dESIGNS: Sun
symbolizes the
wearer usually a
warrior in upper
world.

Aso (dog-dragon) powers of protection

Lampung ship
cloth transition
from one stage
of life to the
other. The role
of water ways in
the islands
history

Ulos The gift

from bride to
thegroom

Palembang batik textile with gold

thread work for chief role

Adu protector from enemy

Tavu ancestral figure it is the identity

of the deceased.

Enggano: The slain enemy

Wayang Kulit, or shadow puppets

BURUBUDOR TEMPLE

 The magnificent Borobudur temple is the

worlds biggest Buddhist monument, an
ancient site widely considered to be one of
the worlds seven wonders. Built in the 9th
century during the reign of the Syailendra
dynasty, the temples design in Gupta
architecture reflects India's influence on the
region

Five Principles:

DEMOCRACY
SOCIAL JUSTICE

GOVERNMENT AND
POLITICS
Proclamation of Indonesian Independence
signed by Sukarno-Hatta - 1945

nationalism
Indonesia Raya The National Anthem of
Indonesia since the proclamation of
independence of the Republic of Indonesia on
17th of August, 1945. The song was introduced
by its composer Wage Rudolf Supratman, on
28 October 1928 during the Second Indonesia
Youth Congress in Batavia

CORRUPTION
Corruption has been in existence in Indonesia
since ancient times. Before European
colonization , merchants who come to
Indonesia to trade have to pay tribute to the
ruler of the state he visited, as a guarantee
that he would protect by the ruler.
During the Dutch colonial period, corruption is
made worse by the action of Dutch officials,
who are encouraged to become corrupt due
to their low salaries.

 After the independence in 1945, corruption

decreased for a short period, due to nationalistic
fervor and policies made by early Indonesian
government to create professional bureaucracy.
After 1955, corruption increased again due to the
increasing need of political parties to seek spoils
and reward supporters and also due to the
abolishment of democratic rule by President
Sukarno in 1959

 Corruption grew even worse after General

Suharto took over power from Sukarno in
1966. Suharto distributed state resources to
family members and other cronies ( Cukong
relationship- relationship between ethnic
Chinese businessmen and native Indonesian
civil and military officers)

Impacts
Barriers for newly started businesses with little political
connections.
Almost all leading politicians were able to become
successful because they built relationship with former
president Suharto and other leading government officials.
Many commentators have concluded that Indonesia has a
culture that tolerates corruption (budaya korupsi)
Corruption has destroyed confidence among citizens
toward government officials and bureaucrats
Increase in crime rates, decline social solidarity and
increasing use of violence

Presidents
Sukarno 1945-1967
The first president of
Indonesia
He was the leader of his
countrys struggle for
independence from
Neatherlands.
Old Order
Guided Democracy

 Twenty years after he was appointed as President of

Indonesia, Sukarno falls down from his power.
Sukarno made a political movement to unite all
Indonesian political power by putting forward three
attempts
1. Creating the strong feeling of opposition to
colonialism-imperialism (nekolim)
2. Strengthen National love, cherish and appreciation of
Pancasila as Indonesian state ideology
3. Creating a new political attempt to unite all ideologies
in Indonesia by coining NASAKOM
( Nationalisme, Agama, Komunis)

Suharto 1967- 1998

New

Order
National Identity
Suharto linked
political leadership to
family leadership by
presented the
Indonesia society as a
big family, of which
he was the head and
guiding father

 Compare to previous government Suhartos policies

increased the standard of living of the average
Indonesian. The oil boom in the early seventies
increased the national income. Foreign investors
began to invest in Indonesia political stability and s
low-wage-home for their capital provided incentive
for long term projects. Suharto was able to put
forward a national ideology PANCASILA as form of
leadership and appropriates it as the reflection of the
state and society.

BACHARUDDIN JUSUF HABIBE 19981999

Begin at the End and End at the
Beginning
He formed a special commision on
corruption , Adnan Buyung Nasution
was invited to chair the investigation
Habibie government declared that
Suharto had gained his wealth through
corruption
He also forbids the term pribuni and
non-pribuni to differentiate indigenous
and non-indigenous Indonesians.

Abdurrahman wahid 1999-2001

Two administrative
Reform
First Abolish the
Ministry of
Information
Senond Disband
the Ministry of
Welfare which
become corrupt
under the Suharto
regime

Diah permata megawati setiawati

sukarnoputri
megawati 2001-2004

The only Female president

Investigate for corruption and
extraordinary high bank
account
First woman elected in her
own right as head of state in a
Muslim nation.
He never attended the
inauguration on Yudhoyono

SuSilo bambang Yudhoyono 20042014

Four of his cabinet
appointees were female
Five Military cabinet
Led Indonesia into free
trade agreement with
Japan
Commented Pope
Benedict as unwise and
Inappropriate

JOKO widodo jokowi

Lelang Jabatan (literally
auction of office position
Healthy Jakarta Card
Jakarta MRT
E-catalog, e-budgetting

IN THE PHILIPPINES:
Widodo signed the agreement last Feb. 9 2015
in combating drug trafficking, technical
vocational training, cooperation in education
research training, mutual interest to protect
migrants.
The cooperation is imminent in people-topeople contact.The exchange of students,
teachers will be beneficial