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An Overview
Introduction
An aerobic process where air is pumped through the sludge, activating the microbes
which digest the pollutants
Has the following stages:
o Primary treatment raw sewage is screened to remove large debris
o Secondary treatment Air is pumped to activate the microbes to consume the
pollutants to form sludge (biomass) Sludge is dewatered and used as manure +
water is pumped to a clarifier(clear water tank)
o Tertiary treatment Clarified water filtered in pressure sand and activated sand
filters to remove suspended impurities along with substantial reduction in BOD
and COD Final disinfection using chlorination or ozonation or UV treatment
water used for non-potable purposes
Most of the plants in India are ASP very susceptible to input fluctuations(frequent in
India) resulting in problems in operation
MBR system
DEWATS
Reed Bed
Entirely eco-friendly
Sewage left into a water body with aquatic plants which naturally introduce oxygen into
the water thereby digesting the pollutants
Space-intensive1
Capacity determination(indicative)
The capacity is determined using the approximate consumption of 150 liters per
capita per day(lpcd).
Component
Hospital
750 beds @135lcpd*
Quarters
Doctors
Inflow in lpd
Remarks
101,250
54,000
Lecturer
College and hostel
81,000
135,000
1000 student average
Total(approx.): 371,350 lpd = 371 KLD
*litres per capita per day
Required Runtime:
http://www.indiawaterportal.org/questions/frequently-asked-questions-faq-waste-water-sewage-treatment-plantsstp-bangalore-karnataka#whatisww
Stages in an STP
Components of Cost
o Human resource cost = 42%
o Cement, bricks, sand, gravel = 38%
o Steel = 8%
o Pipes, fittings, planks, poles = 10%
o Others = 2%
Area requirement and cost heads
Componen
t
Settler
Reactor
Planted
filter
Storage
sump
Polishing
Pond
Misc
Total :
Area
requirement
in Sq.m
Capacity of the
Component in
Cum
175 - 250
350 -
350 - 500
250
1750 - 0
1050 -
0 - 0
350 - 500
0 - 0
375
2625 - 0
1400 -
500
150
0
200
0
350 -
500
308 0 -
440
0
Rs. 7,50,000
Rs. 7,50,000
Rs.1,50,00,
000
Drawback: recommended for small STP for large scale STPs, modules of 100KLD max
capacity may be used