DIPIX Pixel Detector Designed in SOI Technology

Measurements of DIPIX2 Sensors
CZ-n, FZ-n and FZ-p
Mohammed Imran Ahmed

Supervisor:
Prof. Marek Idzik (AGH)
Dr. Piotr Kapusta (IFJ)
Prof. Michal Turala (IFJ)
March 16, 2012
Imran (AGH and IFJ, Krakow Poland)
March 16, 2012
1 / 29
Outline
1
Introduction
CZ-n, FZ-n and FZ-p
Study of Pixel Behaviour

Saturation Test
Laser Measurements
Halo Issue
Optimization of Back Voltage and Integration time
Measurements with Americium source

Data Cleaning
Signal Clusters and Energy plots
Comparison of ENC and SNR for CZ-n and FZ-n
Conclusion
March 16, 2012
2 / 29
Outline
1
Introduction
CZ-n, FZ-n and FZ-p

Saturation Test
Laser Measurements
Halo Issue

Data Cleaning
Conclusion
March 16, 2012
3 / 29
CZ-n, FZ-n and FZ-p

DIPIX is a Dual mode Integration type PIXel with reduced pixel size
of 14 m.
Each pixel is also provided with and without CDS (Correlated Double
Sampling).
Three detectors are designed in this Family of DIPIX2 (CZ-n, FZ-n
and FZ-p).
FZ-p sensor : Miss-handling of wafer (p-substrate is changed to n
instead of p) result wrong implantation.
Total number of pixels 256x256 divided into two regions, each with a
size of 128x256 pixels.
March 16, 2012
4 / 29
CZ-n, FZ-n and FZ-p

DIPIX is a Dual mode Integration type PIXel with reduced pixel size
of 14 m.
Each pixel is also provided with and without CDS (Correlated Double
Sampling).
Three detectors are designed in this Family of DIPIX2 (CZ-n, FZ-n
and FZ-p).
FZ-p sensor : Miss-handling of wafer (p-substrate is changed to n
instead of p) result wrong implantation.
Total number of pixels 256x256 divided into two regions, each with a
size of 128x256 pixels.
March 16, 2012
4 / 29
Outline
1
Introduction
CZ-n, FZ-n and FZ-p

Saturation Test
Laser Measurements
Halo Issue

Data Cleaning
Conclusion
March 16, 2012
5 / 29
Saturation Test
Saturation Test
Saturation test is to check whether the detector is capable of operating in
long run measurements (INTPIX3 was saturating).
March 16, 2012
6 / 29
Saturation Test
Saturation Test
Test Setup :
Parameters
Environment
Signal
No. of Frames
Integration Time
Scan Time (pixel readout time)
RST time without cds and with cds
RSTV for N and P (wafer)
DIPIX2
Dark
No
60000
500s
640 ns/pixel
2040 ns and 2160 ns
750mV and 1300mV
March 16, 2012
6 / 29
Saturation Test
Saturation Test
Test Setup :
Parameters
Environment
Signal
No. of Frames
Integration Time
Scan Time (pixel readout time)
RST time without cds and with cds
RSTV for N and P (wafer)
DIPIX2
Dark
No
60000
500s
640 ns/pixel
2040 ns and 2160 ns
750mV and 1300mV
The back voltage for CZ-n = 100 V, FZ-n= 70 V.

March 16, 2012
6 / 29
Saturation Test of CZ-n
Figure: Saturation test of CZ-n with CDS. (3 graphs each with 20000 frames
measured subsequently.)
Figure: Saturation test of CZ-n without CDS.

March 16, 2012
7 / 29
Saturation Test CZ-N Zoom
Figure: Left fig: with CDS, Right fig: without CDS
March 16, 2012
8 / 29
Saturation Test of FZ-n
Figure: Saturation test of FZ-n with CDS. (3 graphs each with 20000 frames
measured subsequently.)
Figure: Saturation test of FZ-n without CDS.

March 16, 2012
9 / 29
Saturation Test FZ-n Zoom
Figure: Left fig: with CDS, Right fig: without CDS
March 16, 2012
10 / 29
Saturation Test
Summary
DIPIX is not saturating (contrary to INTPIX3) and so it may work for
long time run.
Small initial changes in number of counts may probably be reduced by
maintaining a constant temperature.
March 16, 2012
11 / 29
Saturation Test
Summary
DIPIX is not saturating (contrary to INTPIX3) and so it may work for
long time run.
Small initial changes in number of counts may probably be reduced by
maintaining a constant temperature.
FZ-n:
Strange oscillations using CDS. More study of CDS readout is needed.
March 16, 2012
11 / 29
Outline
1
Introduction
CZ-n, FZ-n and FZ-p

Saturation Test
Laser Measurements
Halo Issue

Data Cleaning
Conclusion
March 16, 2012
12 / 29
Laser Setup
Laser Details
Laser Driver
Frequency
Modes of operation
Laser Head wavelength
3D setup
PDL 800-D
80 MHz
Pulse
1060 nm
X,Y and Z
March 16, 2012
13 / 29
Laser Setup
Laser Details
Laser Driver
Frequency
Modes of operation
Laser Head wavelength
3D setup
PDL 800-D
80 MHz
Pulse
1060 nm
X,Y and Z
March 16, 2012
13 / 29
Halo in FZ-n
Figure: Back voltage was set to a) Left fig. 10V, b) Right fig. 70V
March 16, 2012
14 / 29
Halo in FZ-n
Figure: Back voltage was set to a) Left fig. 10V, b) Right fig. 70V
Halo Issue
A bunch of pixels around the hit pixel(halo) having 12 to 15 % of hit
pixel count is seen.
This problem is seen in all sensors. The worse is FZ-n.
Halo depends mostly on Laser Intensity (increase with intensity).
March 16, 2012
14 / 29
Parameters
Back Voltage
Integration Time
CZ-n Type
80V
100s
FZ-n Type
70V
100s
Table: Optimized Back Voltage and Integration Time
March 16, 2012
15 / 29
Parameters
Back Voltage
Integration Time
CZ-n Type
80V
100s
FZ-n Type
70V
100s
Table: Optimized Back Voltage and Integration Time
Optimization
The presence of halo, force us to do the scan of back voltage and
Integration time to optimize them in order to reduce halo.
Optimization is used to reduce the halo and spot size.
March 16, 2012
15 / 29
CZ-n before and after optimization
Figure: a) Left fig. Before optimization , b)Right fig. After optimization
March 16, 2012
16 / 29
FZ-n before and after optimization
Figure: a) Left fig. Before optimization , b)Right fig. After optimization
March 16, 2012
17 / 29
Laser Measurements
Summary
Halo is seen in all sensors and depends mostly on Intensity. Is it
possible that halo is caused by large charge generation disturbing the
electric field?
Optimized Back voltage and Integration time result in smaller spot
size.
March 16, 2012
18 / 29
Outline
1
Introduction
CZ-n, FZ-n and FZ-p

Saturation Test
Laser Measurements
Halo Issue

Data Cleaning
Conclusion
March 16, 2012
19 / 29
Americium Radiation Data and Setup

Am-241 source is used with the activity of 10mCi(=370MBq).
The rate of incident photon is low.
Setup is placed in black box.
March 16, 2012
20 / 29

Radiation Data
Type
Energy
Gamma
59.5KeV
Gamma
26.3KeV
Gamma
13.9KeV
Cu L x-ray 8.01KeV
Np L-x-ray 17.7KeV
Np L-x-ray 20.7KeV
March 16, 2012
20 / 29

Radiation Data
Type
Energy
Gamma
59.5KeV
Gamma
26.3KeV
Gamma
13.9KeV
Cu L x-ray 8.01KeV
Np L-x-ray 17.7KeV
Np L-x-ray 20.7KeV
March 16, 2012
20 / 29
Data Cleaning using CZ-n

Integration Time and Scan Time
Back Voltage
RSTV and RST time
Run Mode
Calib run (dark, no source)
Am-241 run (dark)
100 s, 640 ns/pixel

80 V
750 mV, 2040 ns
calib data and signal data
500 events
20000 events
Table: Parameter setting of sensor CZ-n Type
March 16, 2012
21 / 29
Data Cleaning using CZ-n

Integration Time and Scan Time
Back Voltage
RSTV and RST time
Run Mode
Calib run (dark, no source)
Am-241 run (dark)
100 s, 640 ns/pixel

80 V
750 mV, 2040 ns
calib data and signal data
500 events
20000 events
Table: Parameter setting of sensor CZ-n Type
Noise cleaning
Calib data is used to remove bad pixels.
Bad frames and common mode noise are removed from both calib
and Am-241 run.
March 16, 2012
21 / 29
Data Cleaning
Sensor = CZ-n, CDS = no, No. of frames = 20000 Am-241 and 500
calib runs.
Back voltage = 80 V, IT = 100 s, Pixel scan time = 640 ns.
March 16, 2012
22 / 29
Clustering
Number of pixels in a cluster depends on deposited energy.
Total 4 threshold is use to get hit pixels and these pixels are used to
find the cluster.
March 16, 2012
23 / 29
Clustering
Number of pixels in a cluster depends on deposited energy.
Total 4 threshold is use to get hit pixels and these pixels are used to
find the cluster.
March 16, 2012
23 / 29
CZ-n signal Clusters and Energy plots
March 16, 2012
24 / 29
ENC and SNR Results
Region
1
Region
1
IT(s)
100
500
Noise (ADC)
4.32
-
IT
100
500
Noise
4.53
-
CZ N-Type Without CDS

Signal Noise(ADC)
ENC(e )
4.38
86
'107
CZ N-Type With CDS
Signal Noise(ADC)
ENC(e )
4.59
90
'117
SNR
189
'153
59.5KeV (ADC)
815
812
SNR
180
'139
59.5KeV (ADC)
817
810
March 16, 2012
25 / 29
ENC and SNR Results
Region
1
Region
1
Region
1
2
IT(s)
100
500
Noise (ADC)
4.32
-
IT
100
500
Noise
4.53
-
CZ N-Type Without CDS

Signal Noise(ADC)
ENC(e )
4.38
86
'107
CZ N-Type With CDS
Signal Noise(ADC)
ENC(e )
4.59
90
'117
IT(s)
100
500
Noise (ADC)
-
FZ N-Type Without CDS

Signal Noise(ADC)
ENC(e )
'99
'109
100
500
'129
'144
SNR
189
'153
59.5KeV (ADC)
815
812
SNR
180
'139
59.5KeV (ADC)
817
810
SNR
'164
'150
59.5KeV (ADC)
657
645
'126
'113
543
535
March 16, 2012
25 / 29
Am-241 Measurements summary
CZ-n:
1st region is the best of all sensor (ENC=86e and SNR=189 using
Am-241 source 59.6keV), 2nd region is having lot of bad and hot
pixels.
Readout with CDS give similar results.
March 16, 2012
26 / 29
Am-241 Measurements summary
CZ-n:
1st region is the best of all sensor (ENC=86e and SNR=189 using
Am-241 source 59.6keV), 2nd region is having lot of bad and hot
pixels.
Readout with CDS give similar results.
FZ-n:
CDS is not working for this sensor.
SNR is worse than CZ-n, may be due to halo.
March 16, 2012
26 / 29
Outline
1
Introduction
CZ-n, FZ-n and FZ-p

Saturation Test
Laser Measurements
Halo Issue

Data Cleaning
Conclusion
March 16, 2012
27 / 29
Conclusion
Conclusion
No saturation is found in dipix2 sensors and may work for long time
run.
With laser Halo problem can be reduced using small intensity and
optimized back voltage. Halo is not seen with americium.
March 16, 2012
28 / 29
Conclusion
Conclusion
No saturation is found in dipix2 sensors and may work for long time
run.
With laser Halo problem can be reduced using small intensity and
optimized back voltage. Halo is not seen with americium.
CZ-n is having good SNR and ENC (86e-), whereas FZ-n is worse.
Various readout issues need to be studied (e.g. CDS and pixel scan
time).
March 16, 2012
28 / 29
Thanks
Thank you for your attention!
March 16, 2012
29 / 29

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Measurements of DIPIX2 Sensors

CZ-n, FZ-n and FZ-p

Mohammed Imran Ahmed

March 16, 2012

Imran (AGH and IFJ, Krakow Poland)

Measurements of DIPIX2 Sensors

March 16, 2012

Study of Pixel Behaviour

Measurements with Americium source

Imran (AGH and IFJ, Krakow Poland)

Measurements of DIPIX2 Sensors

March 16, 2012

Study of Pixel Behaviour

Measurements with Americium source

Imran (AGH and IFJ, Krakow Poland)

Measurements of DIPIX2 Sensors

March 16, 2012

CZ-n, FZ-n and FZ-p

Imran (AGH and IFJ, Krakow Poland)

Measurements of DIPIX2 Sensors

March 16, 2012

CZ-n, FZ-n and FZ-p

Imran (AGH and IFJ, Krakow Poland)

Measurements of DIPIX2 Sensors

March 16, 2012

Study of Pixel Behaviour

Measurements with Americium source

Imran (AGH and IFJ, Krakow Poland)

Measurements of DIPIX2 Sensors

March 16, 2012

Imran (AGH and IFJ, Krakow Poland)

Measurements of DIPIX2 Sensors

March 16, 2012

Imran (AGH and IFJ, Krakow Poland)

Measurements of DIPIX2 Sensors

March 16, 2012

The back voltage for CZ-n = 100 V, FZ-n= 70 V.

Measurements of DIPIX2 Sensors

March 16, 2012

Saturation Test of CZ-n

Figure: Saturation test of CZ-n without CDS.

Measurements of DIPIX2 Sensors

March 16, 2012

Saturation Test CZ-N Zoom

Figure: Left fig: with CDS, Right fig: without CDS

Imran (AGH and IFJ, Krakow Poland)

Measurements of DIPIX2 Sensors

March 16, 2012

Saturation Test of FZ-n

Figure: Saturation test of FZ-n without CDS.

Measurements of DIPIX2 Sensors

March 16, 2012

Saturation Test FZ-n Zoom

Figure: Left fig: with CDS, Right fig: without CDS

Imran (AGH and IFJ, Krakow Poland)

Measurements of DIPIX2 Sensors

March 16, 2012

Imran (AGH and IFJ, Krakow Poland)

Measurements of DIPIX2 Sensors

March 16, 2012

Imran (AGH and IFJ, Krakow Poland)

Measurements of DIPIX2 Sensors

March 16, 2012