Experiment 16 : Pressure Exerted By Liquids

Procedure:

A. 1. Drop about 100g of lead shot into the bottom of the glass tube.
Pour some melted paraffin over the shots to hold them in place.
2. Place the weighted end down in a tall cylinder containing
water. Mark the level of water on the glass tube.
3. Remove the tube and measure the depth, h as the distance
between the water level mark and the bottom of the glass tube.
4. Weigh the tube and record it mass M.
5. Measure the outside diameter of the tube. From this value,
determine the radius r.
6. Add a 50 mg mass to the lead shots at the bottom of the tube,
then dip the tube into the water. Mark the level of water and
record the depth, h for trial 2.
7. Repeat the procedure for a total of five trials adding 50 more
grams with each trial.
8. Perform computations required to complete the data table.
B. 1. Prepare a 3.40% salt solution by dissolving 3.50g of salt in
96.50 mL water to stimulate the salinity of sea water.
2. Repeat Procedure A using the salt solution instead of tap
water. Perform five trials. Record all data obtained.

Data :

Trial

Mass (m)

Force (F)

100g

980N

150g

1470N

200g

1960N

250g

2450N

300g

2940N

Average

200g

1960N

Formulas :
Pressure (P) = F
Density (d) = W
A
V
Pressure (P) = dhg P = hd

Force (F) = dAhg

Conclusion :
Float a test tube (with some lead shot)
vertically; first in water, and then in a salt
solution. Mark the two levels to which the
test tube floated in two fluids. We can see
that the depth to which the test tube sinks
in water is a little more than in salt solution.
Density of the salt solution is greater than
that of water.
The upthrust of fluids increases

Lead Shot

Denser fluids need less to be

with density and this is the reason

displaced to float object

why the test tube sinks less in salt

solution.
The same object sinks to different depths in fluids of different

densities.

Experiment 17 : The Fixed Points Of A Thermometer

Procedure :
A. The Melting Point of Ice
1. Wrap a rug around a glass funnel ( to minimize transfer of

energy) and support it with a ring clamped to an iron stand.

Place a glass beaker below it.

2. Place crushed ice into the funnel and place a thermometer into
it. Be sure the thermometer bulb is surrounded with ice and

the zero mark just above the ice. Observe the behavior of the
mercury column of the thermometer. Take several readings

within 10 minutes at regular time intervals to ensure that the

entire system have all come to the same temperature.

3. Record readings nearest to tenths of a degree.

4. Empty the container and dry the funnel and beaker.

5. Express the correction for the thermometer reading as or +,

according to whether the freezing point observed was higher

or lower than the true value. This correction should be added

algebraically to all readings near the freezing point taken with
this thermometer.