UKMY2013

United Kingdom Minerals
Yearbook 2013
Minerals and Waste Programme
Open Report OR/14/036
BRITISH GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
MINERALS AND WASTE PROGRAMME

OPEN REPORT OR/14/036
United Kingdom Minerals

Yearbook 2013
Statistical data to 2012
T. Bide, T. J. Brown, S. F. Hobbs and N. Idoine
Keywords
United Kingdom, minerals,
production, imports, exports.
Front cover
Muir Dean surface mine,
Crossgates, Fife operated by
Hargreaves Services plc.
BGS NERC.
Photographer: Teresa Brown
Bibliographical reference
T. Bide, T. J. Brown, S. F. Hobbs
and N. Idoine. 2014. United
Kingdom Minerals Yearbook
2013. British Geological Survey
Open Report, OR/14/036. 91pp.
NERC 2014. All rights reserved
Keyworth, Nottingham British Geological Survey 2014
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Acknowledgements
The compilers of this volume are grateful for the help received from the Office for National Statistics, the Department for
Business, Innovation and Skills, the Department for Communities and Local Government, the Department of Energy and
Climate Change, the Crown Estate Commissioners, The Crown Mineral Agent, the Northern Ireland Department of
Enterprise, Trade and Investment and the Isle of Man Department of Trade and Industry. They would also like to
acknowledge the valuable assistance given by the World Bureau of Metal Statistics, the UK Iron and Steel Statistics Bureau,
the Mineral Products Association, The Coal Authority and the numerous companies that have generously provided additional
information.
Contents
Acknowledgements ..................................................................................................................................................... 1
Contents........................................................................................................................................................................ 2
Explanatory notes ........................................................................................................................................................ 4
Tables ............................................................................................................................................................................ 7
Trade in minerals and mineralbased products compared with total trade 20062012 ................................... 7
Balance of trade in minerals and mineralbased products 20082012............................................................ 8
Approximate value of minerals produced in the UK 20062012 ................................................................... 10
UK approximate value of minerals produced onshore and offshore 20052012 ........................................... 10
Value of the major sectors of the minerals industry in the UK 2009-2012 11
UK mining and quarrying: gross value added 20062013 ............................................................................. 11
UK employment in the minerals industry, 2012 .............................................................................................. 12
UK production of minerals 20062013 ........................................................................................................... 13
England production of mineral 20062012 .................................................................................................... 14
Wales production of minerals 20062012 ...................................................................................................... 15
Scotland production of minerals 20062012 .................................................................................................. 16
Minerals produced in Northern Ireland, Isle of Man, Guernsey and Jersey 20082012................................. 17
Number of mineral workings in the UK by commodity.................................................................................... 18
Abrasives, natural .......................................................................................................................................... 19
Aggregates .................................................................................................................................................... 19
Aluminium ...................................................................................................................................................... 24
Aluminium compounds ................................................................................................................................... 24
Antimony ........................................................................................................................................................ 25
Arsenic ........................................................................................................................................................... 25
Asbestos ........................................................................................................................................................ 25
Ashphalt, natural ............................................................................................................................................ 26
Ball clay ......................................................................................................................................................... 26
Barytes ........................................................................................................................................................... 26
Bauxite ........................................................................................................................................................... 27
Bentonite ........................................................................................................................................................ 27
Berylium ......................................................................................................................................................... 27
Bismuth .......................................................................................................................................................... 27
Boron ............................................................................................................................................................. 28
Bricks ............................................................................................................................................................. 28
Bromine ......................................................................................................................................................... 28
Building and dimension stone ........................................................................................................................ 29
Cadmium ....................................................................................................................................................... 29
Cement .......................................................................................................................................................... 30
Chalk (see Limestone) ................................................................................................................................... 53
China clay ...................................................................................................................................................... 30
China stone (see Feldspar) ............................................................................................................................ 44
Chromium ...................................................................................................................................................... 31
Clays .............................................................................................................................................................. 31
Coal ............................................................................................................................................................... 33
Cobalt ............................................................................................................................................................ 36
Coke and breeze............................................................................................................................................ 36
Copper ........................................................................................................................................................... 37
Crushed rock (also see Aggregates).............................................................................................................. 37
Diamond ........................................................................................................................................................ 43
Diatomite ........................................................................................................................................................ 43
Dolomite (see Limestone) .............................................................................................................................. 53
Feldspar ......................................................................................................................................................... 44
Fireclay .......................................................................................................................................................... 44
Fluorspar ........................................................................................................................................................ 44
Gas, natural (see Petroleum) ......................................................................................................................... 67
Germanium .................................................................................................................................................... 45
Gold ............................................................................................................................................................... 45
Granite (see Igneous rock) ............................................................................................................................ 47
Graphite ......................................................................................................................................................... 46
Gypsum ......................................................................................................................................................... 46
Hafnium ......................................................................................................................................................... 47
Igneous rock .................................................................................................................................................. 47
Insulating materials ........................................................................................................................................ 49
Iodine ............................................................................................................................................................. 49
Iron compounds and earth colours................................................................................................................. 49
Iron ore .......................................................................................................................................................... 50
Iron and steel ................................................................................................................................................. 50
Lead ............................................................................................................................................................... 52
Limestone, dolomite and chalk....................................................................................................................... 53
Lithium ........................................................................................................................................................... 61
Magnesia ....................................................................................................................................................... 61
Magnesium .................................................................................................................................................... 62
Manganese .................................................................................................................................................... 62
Marble ............................................................................................................................................................ 63
Mercury .......................................................................................................................................................... 63
Mica ............................................................................................................................................................... 63
Molybdenum .................................................................................................................................................. 64
Natural Gas .................................................................................................................................................... 67
Nepheline syenite .......................................................................................................................................... 64
Nickel ............................................................................................................................................................. 65
Niobium (see Tantalum and Niobium) ............................................................................................................ 87
Peat ............................................................................................................................................................... 65
Perlite............................................................................................................................................................. 66
Petroleum (also see Primary fuels) ................................................................................................................ 66
Phosphorus .................................................................................................................................................... 68
Platium group metals ..................................................................................................................................... 68
Potassium compounds ................................................................................................................................... 69
Precious and semiprecious stones (exluding diamonds) ............................................................................. 69
Primary fuels .................................................................................................................................................. 70
Pumice ........................................................................................................................................................... 72
Pyrite.............................................................................................................................................................. 72
Quartz and quartzite ...................................................................................................................................... 72
Radioactive and associated materials............................................................................................................ 73
Rare earths .................................................................................................................................................... 73
Salt ................................................................................................................................................................. 73
Sand and gravel (also see Aggregates) ......................................................................................................... 74
Sandstone ...................................................................................................................................................... 80
Selenium ........................................................................................................................................................ 82
Sepiolite ......................................................................................................................................................... 82
Silica sand .................................................................................................................................................... 82
Silicon ............................................................................................................................................................ 84
Sillmanite ....................................................................................................................................................... 84
Silver .............................................................................................................................................................. 85
Slate............................................................................................................................................................... 85
Strontium ....................................................................................................................................................... 86
Sulphur .......................................................................................................................................................... 86
Talc ................................................................................................................................................................ 86
Tantalum ........................................................................................................................................................ 87
Tellurium ........................................................................................................................................................ 87
Tin .................................................................................................................................................................. 87
Titanium ......................................................................................................................................................... 88
Tungsten ........................................................................................................................................................ 89
Vanadium ....................................................................................................................................................... 89
Vermiculte ...................................................................................................................................................... 90
Zinc ................................................................................................................................................................ 90
Zirconium ....................................................................................................................................................... 91
Diagrams
Value of UK minerals production 2012 .....9
Value of UK construction and industrial minerals production 2012 .9
GB production of crushed rock aggregate and sand and gravel by region 2012 ....20
GB production of crushed rock by enduse 2012 ............................................................................................. 38
GB production of sand and gravel by enduse 2012 ........................................................................................ 74
Explanatory notes
Coverage: Except where otherwise stated all the statistics shown relate to the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern
Ireland.
The Channel Islands and the Isle of Man are also included in the United Kingdom overseas trade statistics, but are
excluded from the production statistics. The UK part of the Continental Shelf is included in both the overseas trade and the
production statistics.
All figures for the latest year shown are provisional and subject to revision.
Rounding of figures: In tables where figures have been rounded to the nearest final digit, there may be a slight
discrepancy between the sums of the constituent items and the total as shown.
Units: The statistics in this volume are expressed in metric units. The following factors are given for converting from or into
nonmetric units:
Troy ounce
1
32.1507
Kilogram
= 0.0311035
=1
Pound
1
2.20462
Kilogram
= 0.453592
=1
Hundredweight
1
0.019684
Kilogram
= 50.8023
=1
Long ton
1
0.984206
Tonne
= 1.01605
=1
Square yard
1
1.19599
Square metre
= 0.836127
=1
Cubic yard
1
1.30795
Cubic metre
= 0.764555
=1
UK gallon
1
0.2199755
Litre
= 4.54596
=1
Symbols: The following symbols are used throughout:
nes
BGS
Figures not available

Quantity less than half the unit shown
Nil
Not elsewhere specified
British Geological Survey
Apparent consumption: BGS estimates of apparent consumption of metals are based on the formula: production (primary
and secondary) plus imports minus exports. All the main traded forms of the metal are taken into account, for example, ores,
concentrates, intermediate products, unwrought metal and alloys, oxides, etc. Figures are given in terms of metal content.
No information is available for stock changes. Such estimates of apparent consumption are made for metals for which there
are no reported consumption statistics: in this edition data are given for chromium, cobalt, manganese, molybdenum,
titanium and zirconium.
Trade: Trade figures from INTRASTAT, the system for measuring intraEC trade became available from 1993. This was
introduced following the abolition of customs controls as a result of the Single Market and trade figures are now compiled
from data provided directly from companies instead of Customs documents. ExtraEC trade continues to be collected from
Customs declarations as before. The transition from one system to another has produced some anomalous figures in terms
of the size of the trade in and unit value of certain commodities. These factors should be taken into consideration when
evaluating trends. Figures given in this edition are the combined intra and extraEC trade data.
Values of commodities are c.i.f. (Cost, Insurance and Freight) for imports and f.o.b. (free on board) for exports.
The terms scrap, unwrought and wrought metal include alloys unless these are separately shown.
Exclusion of warranty
Use by recipients of information provided by the BGS, is at the recipients own risk. BGS has taken care to ensure that
information provided is as free from error as is reasonably practical. In view of the disparate sources of information at BGSs
disposal, including such material donated to BGS, that BGS accepts in good faith as being accurate, the Natural
Environment Research Council (NERC) gives no warranty, expressed or implied, as to the quality, accuracy, performance,
and merchantability of the information supplied, or to the informations suitability for any use whether made known to BGS or
otherwise. NERC/BGS accepts no liability whatever in respect of loss, damage, injury or other occurrence however caused.
Sources of information
In compiling this volume the BGS has largely relied upon data originally collected by other bodies. A list of the departments
and organisations concerned is given below, together with the titles of principal publications that have been used. In many
cases the BGS has also been provided with supplementary or unpublished information. Interested readers are strongly
advised to consult the original sources themselves wherever possible and in this connection may wish to refer not only to the
publications as listed here, but also earlier issues in the same series, some of which were published under different titles.
Information about the production of minerals in the United Kingdom is given from 1853 to 1881 in a series of Geological
Survey Memoirs entitled Mineral Statistics, by Robert Hunt, Keeper of Mining Records; earlier information for certain
metalliferous minerals is also available. Since 1873 all collieries and metalliferous mines have been required by statute to
complete annual returns of production, and since 1895 the same has applied to quarries. These returns were made to the
Home Office, which, in 1882, was made responsible for the publication of Mineral Statistics. In 1920 responsibility for
collection of returns was transferred to the Mines Department (Board of Trade) and statistics were subsequently published in
the Annual Reports of the Secretary of Mines. The Mines Department was incorporated into the Ministry of Fuel and Power
in 1942 and statistics from 1938 to 1972 were published in their Statistical Digests (subsequently the Digests of Energy
Statistics of the Department of Trade and Industry). In 1973 responsibility for the collection of returns relating to most
minerals other than fuels was transferred to the Business Statistics Office (formerly part of the Department of Trade and
Industry, now the Office for National Statistics). The Department of Energy and Climate Change, collects statistics relating to
hydrocarbons (natural gas and crude petroleum). Statistics on coal production are now collected by The Coal Authority.
Returns of sand and gravel were collected by the Department of the Environment up to 1974. Details of mineral production
in Northern Ireland since 1922 have been obtained by the Northern Ireland Government.
18531881 Mineral Statistics, by Robert Hunt, Keeper of Mining Records; Memoirs of the Geological Survey
18821896 Mineral Statistics; Home Office
18971919 Mines and Quarries: General Report with Statistics; Home Office
1920 Mines and Quarries: General Report with Statistics; Mines Department, Board of Trade
19211938 Annual Report of the Secretary of Mines; Mines Department, Board of Trade (Great Britain only from 1922)
19381972 Statistical Digest; Ministry of Fuel and Power (Great Britain only)
19732014 Digest of United Kingdom Energy Statistics; Department of Energy and climate change (formerly published by
Department for Business Enterprise and Regulatory Reform, Department of Trade and Industry or Department of Energy)
19731993 Minerals (PA1007); Central Statistical Office
19942014 Mineral Extraction in Great Britain (PA 1007); Office for National Statistics
19221949 Annual Report of the Mining and Quarrying industries in Northern Ireland; Ministry of Commerce (Northern
Ireland)
19501981 Mineral Production in Northern Ireland; Department of Commerce (Northern Ireland)
19821995 Mineral Production in Northern Ireland; Department of Economic Development (Northern Ireland)
19961998 Annual Minerals Statement; Department of Economic Development (Northern Ireland)
19992009 Annual Mineral Statement; Department of Enterprise, Trade and Investment (Northern Ireland)
Department of Energy and Climate Change: Digest of United Kingdom Energy Statistics (annual)
Department for Business, Innovation and Skills: Monthly Statistics of Building Materials and Components, BIS website for
construction information
Office for National Statistics, UK Statistics Authority, Website: www.statisticsauthority.gov.uk or www.statistics.gov.uk,
Monthly Digest of Statistics, Mineral Extraction in Great Britain (annual), United Kingdom National Accounts
HM Customs and Excise: Overseas Trade Statistics (monthly, quarterly and annual), Guide to the Classification for
Overseas Trade Statistics
Crown Estate Commissioners, The Crown Mineral Agent

Department of Enterprise, Trade & Investment (Northern Ireland), Annual Mineral Statement
Department of Trade and Industry (Isle of Man)
Advisory and Finance Committee (Guernsey)
UK Iron and Steel Statistics Bureau, Annual Statistics
World Bureau of Metal Statistics, World Metal Statistics (monthly)
International Fertilizer Industry Association
Mineral Products Association (MPA), formerly the Quarry Products Association (QPA)
The Coal Authority
Trade in minerals and mineral-based products compared with total trade 20062012
million
SITC section
0, 1
2, 4
3
5, 6
7, 8
Imports (c.i.f.)
Food, beverages, tobacco
Basic materials
of which: Minerals
Fuels and related materials
of which: Mineral-based
Manufactured goods:
Semi-manufactures
Finished manufactures
Total
All traded goods
As % of all traded goods
0, 1
2, 4
3
5, 6
7, 8
Exports (f.o.b.)
Food, beverages, tobacco
Basic materials
of which: Minerals
Fuels and related materials
Manufactured goods:
Semi-manufactures
Finished manufactures
Total
All traded goods
As % of all traded goods
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
24 685.3
8 497.5
3 420.9
29 531.8
29 098.4
26 351.5
10 115.7
4 559.3
29 470.4
29 231.9
30 570.8
11 411.2
5 498.4
44 289.5
43 906.3
31 840.9
8 096.0
2 932.5
31 721.3
31 461.9
33 415.9
10 731.6
4 719.3
40 857.5
40 531.9
36 068.8
12 418.4
5 674.3
56 753.1
56 285.8
36 832.9
11 186.1
4 784.6
60 498.6
59 824.5
71 723.1
31 348.9
166 367.3
76 718.3
39 877.0
166 661.7
81 638.4
35 062.3
171 678.0
76 663.1
31 135.8
157 080.1
90 246.6
38 973.1
183 328.1
99 988.3
45 038.1
186 824.7
101 430.9
45 428.1
190 943.8
300 805.0
309 317.6
339 588.1
305 401.4
358 579.6
392 053.5
400 892.4
63 868.3
21.2
73 668.1
23.8
84 467.0
24.9
65 530.3
21.5
84 224.3
23.5
106 998.2
27.3
110 037.2
27.4
11 080.1
4 906.1
2 893.7
23 976.1
23 872.3
11 752.6
5 473.8
3 372.5
23 147.4
23 035.7
13 670.8
6 558.5
4 141.9
33 595.7
33 485.2
14 398.2
5 160.0
2 998.0
25 399.7
25 239.0
16 027.4
7 288.5
4 556.1
33 416.3
33 212.1
18 125.2
8 941.0
5 574.8
40 674.5
40 536.4
17 917.4
8 390.4
4 921.1
41 664.1
41 562.3
65 327.6
28 775.7
137 485.6
68 344.9
30 464.8
110 304.8
76 148.4
33 924.9
117 063.9
71 385.9
27 555.7
106 773.0
79 884.7
33 361.0
123 510.2
87 742.3
38 755.8
136 474.3
84 916.0
35 332.6
139 692.2
242 775.5
219 023.5
247 037.2
223 116.7
260 127.1
291 957.3
292 580.1
55 541.6
22.9
56 873.0
26.0
71 552.0
29.0
55 792.7
25.0
71 129.3
27.3
84 867.0
29.1
81 816.0
28.0
This table no longer includes Section 9 'other commodities' as the data for monetary gold is no longer available, Section 9 has been removed
from previous years so comparisons can be maintained.
Balance of trade in minerals and mineral-based products 20082012

million (a)
SITC (R3) divisions
27
28
32
33
34
51
52
56
Crude minerals and fertilisers:

imports
exports
Metal ores and scrap:
imports
exports
Coal, coke and briquettes:
imports
exports
Petroleum, petroleum products and related materials:
imports
exports
Gas, natural and manufactured:
imports
exports
Organic chemicals:
imports
exports
Inorganic chemicals:
imports
exports
Manufactured fertilisers:
imports
exports
5359
(part)
Miscellaneous chemical products:

imports
exports
66
Non-metallic mineral products:

imports
exports
67
68
69
96
Iron and steel:

imports
exports
Non-ferrous metals:
imports
exports
Manufactures of metal:
imports (b)
exports (b)
Coin other than gold:
imports
exports
Total (excluding gold)
imports
exports
97
Gold (non-monetary):
imports
exports
Total
imports
exports
Gold (monetary):
imports
exports
Grand total
imports
exports
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
554.7
497.1
57.6
448.6
492.8
+44.1
551.3
478.6
72.7
635.6
520.0
115.6
607.6
436.8
107.8
4 943.7
3 644.8
1 298.9
2 483.9
2 505.3
+21.4
4 168.0
4 077.5
90.5
5 038.7
5 054.7
+16
4 197.7
4 487.8
+290.2
3 688.4
147.1
3 541.2
2 702.4
115.5
2 586.8
1 908.2
227.7
1 680.5
3 026.6
185.1
2 841.6
3 174.4
156.4
3 018.0
33 325.9
30 074.4
3 251.5
23 820.8
23 038.7
782.1
31 519.6
29 610.8
1 908.8
43 899.5
35 956.2
7 943.3
48 639.4
37 500.0
11 139.4
6 892.1
3 263.7
3 628.4
4 938.8
2 084.7
2 854.1
7 104.1
3 373.6
3 730.5
9 359.6
4 395.1
4 964.5
8 010.8
3 905.9
4 104.9
8 660.3
8 322.0
338.3
8 420.4
8 996.7
+576.3
9 545.8
8 761.5
784.3
10 260.6
9 075.7
1 184.9
10 405.0
8 987.4
1 417.6
2 749.3
2 885.2
+136.0
2 749.1
2 775.4
+26.3
2 950.6
3 399.7
+449.1
3 528.1
2 939.4
588.7
3 246.7
2 864.6
382.1
379.3
197.0
182.3
188.0
169.7
18.3
329.1
133.0
196.1
324.7
158.3
166.3
836.1
183.8
652.5
4 196.2
3 750.9
445.3
4 586.8
3 423.3
1 163.5
5 822.9
4 830.6
992.4
6 595.7
5 617.8
977.9
6 260.6
5 186.6
1 073.9
7 136.4
6 303.0
833.4
5 823.3
4 955.4
868.0
7 377.5
6 482.4
895.1
8 466.1
7 406.2
1 059.9
8 415.2
7 570.4
844.8
5 136.0
5 314.1
+178.1
2 708.4
3 067.6
+359.2
3 884.5
3 740.1
144.4
4 962.6
4 528.0
434.7
6 354.4
5 726.0
628.4
6 567.3
6 910.2
+342.9
6 448.7
3 973.6
2 475.1
8 850.4
5 822.0
3028.4
10 321.6
8 572.6
749.1
12 715.2
6 783.8
5 931.4
237.5
242.5
+5.0
211.0
194.1
17.0
212.2
191.7
20.5
289.3
228.9
60.4
326.7
280.3
46.4
4.7
48.2
+43.5
2.9
76.9
+74.0
3.7
40.3
+36.6
6.1
42.2
+36.0
10.9
12.8
+1.9
84 471.8
71 600.2
11 572.5
65 533.2
55 869.6
8 500.1
84 228.0
71 169.5
9 469.24
106 714.8
84 680.2
21 066.9
113 200.5
84 082.5
29 055.1
486.0
815.5
+329.4
386.8
1 478.9
+1 092.1
976.0
2 137.4
+1 161.4
...
...
...
...
...
...
84 957.9
72 415.7
12 542.2
65 920.0
57 348.5
8 571.5
85 204.0
73 306.9
11 897.1
...
...
...
...
...
...
13 010.0
7 725.2
5 284.9
23 336.9
1 082.7
22 254.2
19 202.5
6 213.8
12 988.7
...
...
...
...
...
...
97 967.9
80 140.8
17 827.0
89 256.8
58 431.1
30 825.7
104 406.5
79 520.7
24 885.8
...
...
...
...
...
...
(a) Imports are valued c i f and exports are valued f o b.

As of 2011 information regarding trade in gold is no longer available.
Value of United Kingdom minerals production 2012

(total value 34 422 million)
Construction
and industrial
minerals
Coal
Natural gas
Oil
Value of United Kingdom construction and industrial minerals production 2012

(total value 2460 million)
Igneous rock
Limestone and
dolomite
Miscellaneous minerals
Salt
Chalk
Gypsum and anhydrite
Potash
Sand and gravel
Ball clay
China clay
Clay and shale
Sandstone
Silica sand
Approximate value (a) of minerals produced in the United Kingdom 20062012

million
Mineral
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
705
11 741
1 910
17 935
708
9 377
1 749
18 979
1 154
10 612
2 204
25 102
973
7 570
(b)
19 075
1 002
7 590
(b)
23 110
1 345
7 960
(b)
25 505
1 131
7 855
(b)
22 975
1
0
0
3
0
0
4
1
0
4
5
0
6
4
0
3
2
0
Sand and gravel

Limestone and dolomite
Igneous rock
Sandstone
Chalk
818
756
374
143
101
811
686
392
135
117
814
777
426
120
93
640
518
336
106
43
630
589
320
116
56
661
566
319
113
74
555
543
300
110
54
Clay and shale

China clay
Ball clay
Fullers earth
27
155
81
27
142
60
19
137
65
14
122
47
17
128
53
24
137
57
20
128
49
Salt
Silica sand
Potash
Fluorspar
195
72
64
7
19
285
69
60
7
19
186
67
61
5
14
405
53
240
3
14
530
57
279
4
14
424
57
246
14
326
57
259
14
Miscellaneous minerals
49
49
46
48
42
45
40
35 152
33 673
41 907
30 212
34 550
37 557
32 422
784
35 135
0
3 182
770
32 758
1
3 111
1 216
39 956
3
2 982
1 003
27 469
4
2 669
1 002
30 700
4
2 835
1 315
32 713
6
2 675
1 090
29 701
3
2 365
39 101
36 641
44 157
31 145
34 541
36 709
33 159
Coal
Natural gas
Natural gas liquids
Crude petroleum
Iron ore
Tin
Gold
Silver
Other non-ferrous metals
Total
At 2010 constant prices
Coal
Oil and gas
Metals
Construction and industrial
minerals
Total
(a) Calculated on an ex-works sales basis.
(b) Included in gas and petroleum figures.
Source: British Geological Survey.
United Kingdom approximate value of minerals produced onshore and offshore 20052012
million
Onshore
Offshore
Total
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
5 668
29 485
5 459
28 214
6 389
35 518
3 752
26 459
4 113
30 437
4 277
33 280
3 963
30 460
35 153
33 672
41 907
30 211
34 550
37 557
34 422
10
Value of the major sectors of the minerals industry in the UK, 2009-2012
million
2009
2010
2011
2012
Oil and natural gas liquids

Natural gas
Coal
Aggregates
Other construction minerals
Industrial minerals
Metalliferous minerals
19 075
7 570
973
1 425
229
935
6
23 110
7 590
1 002
1 377
307
1 154
10
25 505
7 960
1 345
1 410
283
1 074
11
22 975
7 855
1 131
1 279
256
922
5
Total
30 212
34 540
37 557
34 422
United Kingdom mining and quarrying: Gross value added (a) 20062013
million
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
Production
Mining and quarrying
Mining and quarrying of
energy producing materials
Mining of coal and lignite
Extraction of crude
petroleum and natural gas
Other mining and quarrying
263
318
380
322
335
322
208
131
26 144
2 163
25 432
2 301
29 851
2 408
20 752
2 100
25 031
2 242
25 754
2 359
22 018
2 448
19 745
3 303
Total mining and quarrying
30 895
30 437
35 363
25 340
30 412
31 380
27 890
26 531
1 204 839
1 274 875
1 312 112
1 280 261
1 327 923
1 360 925
1 383 166
1 428 019
All industries
of which: minerals related (%)

(a) At current basic prices.
Source: Office for National Statistics.
11
United Kingdom employment in the minerals industry, 2012

Number
2012
Great Britain (a)

Mineral
Ball clay
Chalk
Chert and flint
China clay
Clay and shale
Coal
Dolomite
Fireclay
Igneous rock
Limestone
Oil and gas
Peat
Potash
Salt
Sand and gravel
Sandstone
Silica sand
Silica stone
Slate
Soapstone and talc
Others (including ore minerals)
Mines (c)
Quarries
Total
3 754
330
386
2 450
340
5
1 440
2 090
239
2 039
959
100
330
386
6 193
340
5
1 440
2 090
(b)
239
2 039
959
100
1 664
Northern
Ireland
(a) Where more than one mineral is extracted at a mine or quarry all
employment is attributed to the chief mineral.
(b) Oil and Gas UK estimates the workforce employed
on the UK Continental Shelf at 450 000, of which 36 000
are directly employed by exploration and production companies.
(c) Including surface and underground workers at mines.
These figures should not be used for time series analysis due to changes in question format over recent years.
Sources: Office for National Statistics, Department of Enterprise
Trade and Investment (Northern Ireland), The Coal Authority,
Department for Business Innovation and Skills.
12
United Kingdom production of minerals 20062013

Thousand tonnes
Mineral
Coal:
Deep-mined
Opencast
Other (a)
Natural gas and oil:
Methane (oil equivalent)
Colliery
Onshore
Offshore
Crude oil
Onshore
Offshore
Condensates and other (c)
Onshore
Offshore
Iron ore
Non-ferrous ores (metal content):
Tin
Lead (h)
Gold (kg)
Silver (kg)
Chalk (e)
Clay and shale (e)
Igneous rock (j) (k)
Limestone (excluding dolomite)
Dolomite (excluding limestone)
Sand and gravel:
Land
Marine (i)
Sandstone
Slate (g)
Ball clay (sales)
Barytes
Chert and flint
China clay (sales) (d)
China stone
Fireclay (e)
Fluorspar (h)
Gypsum (natural) (h)
Lignite
Peat (000 m3)
Potash (b)
Salt
Silica sand
Talc
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
(Estimated)
9 444
8 635
438
7 674
8 866
467
8 096
9 509
449
7 520
9 854
500
7 390
10 426
600
7 312
10 580
735
6 153
10 134
760
4 089
8 584
167
65
91
79 856
62
105
71 957
63
92
69 525
67
89
59 581
63
88
57 036
58
27
45 204
61
15
38 858
60
1 379
68 287
1 271
69 086
1 248
64 249
1 181
61 639
941
57 106
678
47 893
870
41 182
38 456
41
6 872
38
6 180
33
6 135
32
5 346
17
4 898
0
3 401
13
2 495
2 190
0.4
0.3
0.1
0.4
0.3
88
212
0.3
163
398
0.2
187
514
0.3
177
506
0.3
202
531
0.1
102
230
0.0
42
82
7 376
10 432
53 954
80 228
12 101
7 566
10 104
58 909
83 491
7 622
5 874
8 459
53 490
74 145
5 509
4 047
5 310
44 618
60 111
3 164
3 626
5 934
44 876
56 985
4 540
3 996
6 154
(l) 44 400
(l) 58 100
4 490
3 473
5 497
(l) 40 200
(l) 54 800
4 896
3 500
5 600
40 400
71 418
20 689
18 038
865
72 810
20 426
16 806
1 428
66 640
18 833
12 255
1 058
50 973
15 253
12 335
683
47 167
14 533
11 556
695
(l) 45 800
17 287
(l) 12 300
763
(l) 41 800
14 840
(l) 11 500
701
1 015
48
2
1 762
1
228
50
1 700
1 593
716
5 499
5 174
4
1 022
53
1
1 671
1
338
45
1 700
885
712
5 600
4 909
3
1 020
43
1
1 355
0.5
180
37
1 200
760
673
5 565
4 777
2
727
36
1
1 060
0.0
129
19
1 200
887
(h) 700
6 166
3 755
3
(h) 900
34
(h) 1 140
0.0
110
26
1 200
1 004
(h) 700
6 666
4 070
3
(h) 930
31
(h) 1 290
0.0
162
1 200
825
(h) 770
6 060
3 969
4
(h) 748
30
(h) 1 150
0.0
96
1 200
568
(h) 900
6 152
3 888
4
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
(f)
(g)
Slurry etc. recovered from dumps, ponds, rivers etc.

Marketable product (KCl).
Including ethane, propane and butane, in addition to condensates.
Dry weight.
Excluding a small production in Northern Ireland.
BGS estimates based on data from producing companies.
Slate figures include waste used for constructional fill and powder
and granules used in industry.
(h) BGS estimate.
(i) Including marine-dredged landings at foreign ports (exports).
(j) Excluding a small production of granite in Northern Ireland.
36 500
60 300
58 100
11 800
710
740
30
1 110
0.0
100
30
1 200
600
1 000
6 000
4 000
4
(k) In addition, the following amounts of igneous rock were produced in

Guernsey (thousand tonnes): 2006: 136; 2007: 160; 2008: 139; 2009: 120;
2010: 116; 2011: 156; 2012: 169 and Jersey: 2007: 295; 2008: 325;
2009: 249; 2010: 238; 2011: 220; 2012: 239.
(l) Contains an estimate related to Northern Ireland production.
Sources: Office for National Statistics, Department of Business, Innovation

and Skills, Dept. of Enterprise, Trade & Investment (Northern Ireland),
Crown Estate Commissioners (marine sand and gravel produced
for export), and company data.
13
England production of minerals 20062012

Thousand tonnes
Mineral
Coal:
Deep-mined
Opencast
Other (a)
Colliery
Onshore
Offshore
Crude oil
Onshore
Offshore
Condensates and other (c)
Iron ore
Tin
Lead (e)
Zinc
Chalk
Clay and shale (b)
Igneous rock
Limestone (h)
Dolomite (i)
Sand and gravel:
Land
Marine (f)
Sandstone
Slate (g)
Anhydrite
Ball clay (sales)
Barytes
Calcspar
Chert and flint
China clay (sales) (j)
China stone
Fireclay
Fluorspar (e)
Gypsum (natural)
Lignite
Peat (000 m3)
Potash (d)
Potters clay
Rock salt
Salt
Silica sand
Silica stone and ganister
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
8 954
966
7 452
1 619
7 817
2 139
7 397
2 137
7 344
2 689
7 231
2 949
6 013
2 956
0.4
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.1
7 376
9 437
22 076
67 356
10 238
7 565
9 269
21 865
67 378
5 874
7 682
21 056
60 738
4 047
4 666
17 846
48 751
3 626
5 424
17 460
47 569
3 996
5 852
17 428
49 772
3 473
5 298
15 646
46 976
56 148
19 602
7 041
54 512
19 274
6 918
61 669
17 746
5 854
37 810
14 380
3 980
36 723
13 801
4 176
36 589
16 548
4 454
33 229
14 227
4 451
1 015
11
2
1 762
1
213
50
(e) 1 700
857
716
5 224
4 540
1 022
10
1
1 671
1
305
43
(e) 1 700
654
712
5 320
4 335
1 020
7
1
1 355
0
168
37
(e) 1 200
496
673
5 287
4 208
727
3
1
1 060
0
128
19
(e) 1 200
476
700
5 858
3 293
(e) 900
(e) 1 140
(e) 0
108
26
(e) 1 200
456
700
6 333
3 633
(e) 930
(e) 1 290
(e)0
154
(e) 1 200
429
770
5 771
3 533
(e) 750
(e) 1 150
(e)0
(e) 1 200
422
900
6 152
3 361
(a) Slurry etc. recovered from dumps, ponds, rivers etc.

(b) Including potter's clay.
(c) Including ethane, propane and butane, in addition to condensates.
(d) Marketable product (KCl).
(e) BGS estimate.
(f) Including marine-dredged landings at foreign ports (exports).
(g) Slate figures include waste used for constructional fill and powder
(h) Including dolomite for constructional uses.
(i) Dolomite and magnesian limestone used for constructional

and agricultural purposes as well as for refractory, chemical
and other purposes specifically dependent on the high
magnesium content.
(j) Dry weight.
Sources: Office for National Statistics,Department of Business,

Innovation and Skills, Crown Estate Commissioners (marine sand
and gravel produced for export) and company data.
14
Wales production of minerals 20062012

Thousand tonnes
Mineral
Coal:
Deep-mined
Opencast
Other (a)
Colliery
Onshore
Offshore
Crude oil
Onshore
Offshore
Condensates and other (b)
Gold
Clay and shale
Igneous rock
Limestone (d)
Dolomite (e)
Sand and gravel:
Land
Marine
Sandstone
Slate (c)
Fireclay
Silica sand
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
485
1 257
253
1 060
110
1 632
99
1 598
47
1 699
82
2 103
139
2 408
604
2 596
13 707
405
2 474
14 549
104
3 028
12 114
151
1 932
8 131
2 294
7 878
165
2 450
7 897
141
1 769
7 938
1 528
1 087
3 415
1 187
1 152
3 558
1 275
1 086
2 323
795
873
2 667
901
732
2 807
870
740
3 114
751
613
2 701
92
71
62
59
86

(b) Including ethane, propane and butane, in addition to condensates.
(c) Slate figures include waste used for constructional fill and powder
(d) Including dolomite for constructional uses.
(e) Dolomite and magnesian limestone used for constructional and

agricultural purposes as well as for refractory, chemical and
other purposes specifically dependent on the high magnesium
content.
Sources: Office for National Statistics, Department of Business,
Innovation and Skills and company data.
15
Scotland production of minerals 20062012

Thousand tonnes
Mineral
Coal:
Deep-mined
Opencast
Other (a)
Colliery
Onshore
Offshore
Crude oil
Onshore
Offshore
Condensates and other (b)
Clay and shale
Igneous rock
Limestone (d)
Dolomite (f)
Sand and gravel (land-won)
Sandstone
Slate (c)
Barytes
Fireclay
Honestone
3
Peat (000 m )
Silica sand
Talc
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
6 487
6 188
5 678
6 037
6 038
5 528
4 823
390
23 194
1 534
8 592
1 372
429
26 345
1 555
9 025
1 502
674
22 925
1 473
8 097
1 381
494
19 082
1 210
7 512
1 895
19 684
1 072
7 365
1 806
137
19 113
1 251
6 366
1 910
57
17 383
1 120
5 772
1 564
37
15
736
542
4
42
32
231
503
3
36
12
265
508
2
34
1
412
403
3
31
3
548
31
8
395
30
146
440
4

(b) Including ethane, propane and butane, in addition to condensates.
(c) Slate figures include waste used for constructional fill and powder
(d) Including dolomite for constructional uses.
(e) BGS estimate.
(f) Dolomite and magnesian limestone used for constructional and

agricultural purposes as well as for refractory, chemical and
other purposes specifically dependent on the high magnesium
content.
Sources: Office for National Statistics, Department of Business,
Innovation and Skills and company data.
16
Minerals produced in Northern Ireland, the Isle of Man, Guernsey and Jersey 2008-2012
Thousand tonnes
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Total
163
398
(c) 200
3 739
7 134
6 481
2 697
...
...
2 931
22 982
187
514
243
3 972
4 856
5 758
3 793
...
...
1 998
20 377
177
506
251
3 689
2 178
5 438
2 768
...
...
2 087
16 160
202
531
280
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
102
230
60
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
Total
113
197
158
64
532
352
171
132
45
701
71
145
109
28
353
82
141
96
29
347
72
101
94
23
290
Guernsey
Igneous rock
139
120
116
156
169
Jersey
Igneous rock (c)
Sand and gravel
325
67
249
67
238
57
220
74
239
46
Northern Ireland
Gold (kg)
Silver (kg)
Lead
Limestone
Sand and gravel
Basalt and igneous rock (a)
Sandstone
Granite
Clay and shale
Others (b)
Isle of Man
Limestone
Sand and gravel
Igneous rock
Slate
(a) Excluding granite.

(b) Including rock salt, chalk, dolomite, fireclay and granite.
(c) BGS estimates.
Sources: Department of Enterprise, Trade & Investment (Northern Ireland),

Department of Economic Development (Isle of Man), Company data (Guernsey
and Jersey).
17
Number of mineral workings in the United Kingdom, by commodity (a) (b)

Number
East
Midlands
Region
West
Midlands
East of
England
Greater
London
Commodity
North East Yorkshire & North West
England the Humber
England
South East South West

England
England
England
Total
Wales
Scotland
Isle of
Man
Northern
Ireland
Channel
Islands
Total
Abandoned mine methane

Anhydrite
Ball clay
Barytes
Chalk
Chert
China clay
China clay waste
Clay & shale
Coal, underground
Coal, opencast
Coalbed methane
Fireclay
Flint
Fluorspar
Gold
Gypsum (c)
Igneous & metamorphic rock
Iron ore - ironstone
Lead
Limestone / dolomite
Marble
Mine drainage gas
Natural gas
Oil
Peat
Potash
Salt
Sand
Sand & gravel
Sandstone
Silica sand
Silver
Slate
Slate waste
Talc
Tin
6
1
6
19
5
6
19
1
15
27
3
1
4
2
1
32
2
10
1
3
1
1
6
24
55
2
16
1
1
1
1
2
21
4
3
23
35
5
10
1
4
2
17
1
2
1
1
3
8
4
56
1
3
34
1
42
21
2
1
1
26
1
4
1
3
36
19
1
14
1
11
92
7
15
2
10
18
25
14
1
22
31
56
5
5
18
15
11
13
1
12
92
1
3
39
10
31
25
1
11
1
18
4
50
0
15
11
136
7
11
2
9
8
7
0
6
34
4
4
246
0
3
16
60
52
1
6
72
320
186
32
0
17
1
0
1
10
1
13
15
39
1
13
25
1
11
11
118
16
1
25
15
108
48
6
18
1
19
1
3
82
2
1
1
12
1
18
5
54
1
15
11
155
8
31
2
11
8
7
1
6
191
4
5
322
1
3
16
60
87
1
7
92
526
261
39
1
32
12
1
1
Total
73
194
132
214
106
156
12
183
281
1 351
144
351
10
147
2 008
(a) As at April 2014.

(b) Double counting may occur because some workings produce more than one mineral.
(c) Excludes desulphogypsum manufacture.
Source: British Geological Survey
Abrasives, natural
United Kingdom summary 2008-2012
Commodity
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Carats
Abrasives
Imports
Natural abrasives
Industrial diamonds
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
thousand
5 127 610
3 321 670
7 299 364
10 236 376
7 747 613
12 307
7 623
30 724
20 976
94 825
24
1 668
11 748
27
2 062
11 876
473
2 067
13 876
1 264
1 255
14 706
9 352
2 013
3 517
6 756
1 130
2 634
11 006
1 183
3 012
11 853
810
3 788
9 799
512
3 580
4 440 922
2 478 568
3 864 054
3 949 553
17 700
13 977
21 248
25 685
24 931
27
307
1 203
30
704
1 562
409
136
1 250
633
87
1 857
12 052
293
1 056
8 315
534
1 283
14 892
997
1 890
14 216
448
513
12 659
129
1 035
2009
2010
2011
2012
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Tonnes
Dust and powder of precious and
semi-precious stones
Pumice
Other
39
2 259
13 424
Carats
Exports
Natural abrasives
Industrial diamonds
6 121 081
Tonnes
Dust and powder of precious and

semi-precious stones
Pumice
Other
151
76
1 339
Aggregates
Commodity
2008
Tonnes
Aggregates
Production
Sand and gravel (a)
Crushed rock (b)
Total
Imports
Natural aggregatesSand and gravel
Crushed rock (c)
Total
Exports
Natural aggregatesSand and gravel (e)
Crushed rock
Total
thousand
85 473 000 66 226 000 61 700 000 (d)63 113 000 (d)56 593 000
127 996 000 104 626 000 94 203 000 (d)102 828 000 (d) 94 785 000
213 469 000 170 852 000 155 903 000 (d)165 941 000 (d)151 378 000
647 603
1 984 383
2 631 986
444 725
1 609 546
2 054 271
343 749
1 896 201
2 239 950
357 607
1 705 153
2 062 760
519 089
1 273 059
1 792 148
16 043
34 449
50 492
12 212
26 157
38 369
10 874
30 740
41 614
12 454
36 384
48 838
16 436
22 718
39 154
7 747 635
5 260 973
13 008 608
6 236 662
4 916 514
11 153 176
6 081 730
4 910 701
10 992 431
5 413 300
5 387 038
10 800 337
4 572 346
4 251 427
8 823 773
50 027
36 693
86 720
48 688
36 965
85 653
44 819
36 490
81 309
45 162
40 856
86 019
36 053
32 165
68 217
(a) Including production from marine dredging.

(b) Includes small quantities for other purposes in Northern Ireland.
(c) For a number of years, a significant amount of armourstone
imports were believed to be wrongly classified as granite, crude.
Care should be taken when comparing long time trends.
(d) Includes an estimate for Northern Ireland.
(e) Principally marine-dredged sand and gravel.

Source: HM Revenue and Customs.
However, the Crown Estate Commissioners give the following figures for
marine-dredged sand and gravel landed at foreign ports (tonnes):
2008: 6 211 703; 2009: 5 660 522; 2010: 5 192 348; 2011: 6 098 020;
2012: 4 548 675.
19
Great Britain production of crushed rock aggregate and sand and gravel by country 2012
England
Sand and Gravel

Scotland
Crushed Rock
Wales
10 000
20 000
30 000
Thousand Tonnes
40 000
50 000
60 000
England and Wales summary of consumption of primary aggregates, by region 2009 (a) (b)
Thousand tonnes
Region
Land-won
sand and gravel
Marine
sand and gravel
Total
sand and gravel
Crushed rock
Total
primary aggregate
2 960
5 679
1 459
8 412
5 569
5 427
1 891
2 980
511
4 700
3 824
336
0
17
76
234
3 471
10 380
5 283
8 748
5 569
5 444
1 967
3 214
12 238
5 383
4 086
4 276
10 613
5 040
10 299
7 779
15 710
15 762
9 369
13 024
16 183
10 484
12 266
10 993
1 444
515
1 959
3 522
5 481
35 821
10 214
45 035
63 236
109 271
South Wales
North Wales
209
491
516
53
724
544
5 886
2 694
6 611
3 238
Wales
700
568
1 268
8 580
9 848
36 521
10 782
47 303
71 816
119 120
South West
South East
London
East of England
East Midlands
West Midlands
North West
Yorkshire and
the Humber
North East
England
England and Wales
(a) For aggregate use only.

(b) The figure for total consumption slightly under estimates true
consumption because for some regions unallocated sales
have an unknown destination. Total unallocated sales were
(thousand tonnes): sand and gravel: 518; crushed rock: 1785.
Source: Collation of the Results of the 2009 Aggregate Minerals

Survey for England and Wales. British Geological Survey.
Permitted reserves of primary aggregate minerals in England and Wales

for active and inactive sites at 31st December 2009 (a)
Thousand tonnes
Region
Sand and gravel
Crushed rock
Grand
total
(excluding
dormant)
Active
Inactive:
worked
in past
Inactive:
yet to be
worked
Total
Dormant
(b)
Active
Inactive:
worked
in past
Inactive:
yet to be
worked
Total
Dormant
(b)
South West
South East
London
East of England
East Midlands
West Midlands
North West
Yorkshire and
the Humber
North East
32 168
63 607
1 702
120 692
54 764
77 791
30 042
28 493
3 558
4 602
(c)
14 213
9 391
25 693
7 623
5 507
4 781
10 837
(c)
12 467
16 439
210
4 100
0
40 508
79 046
1 952
147 372
80 594
103 694
41 765
34 000
(c)
2 020
(c)
2 082
7 270
3 500
(c)
(c)
711 883
44 903
0
2 243
1 018 426
217 306
307 309
284 660
156 475
9 002
0
1 100
285 032
67 775
17 771
16 437
0
4 899
0
0
0
26 700
2 300
0
868 359
58 804
0
3 343
1 303 457
311 781
327 380
301 097
305 285
685
0
2 900
33 379
4 600
0
0
908 866
137 850
1 952
150 715
1 384 052
415 476
369 146
335 096
8 713
6 624
15 337
1 200
167 335
49 226
216 561
23 313
231 898
England
417 972
77 461
48 834
544 267
17 437
2 754 065
602 818
33 899
3 390 782
370 162
3 935 049
South Wales
North Wales
1 672
17 272
0
2 002
0
0
1 672
19 274
350
840
286 742
167 786
132 220
4 641
0
0
418 962
172 428
21 006
1 405
420 634
191 701
Wales
18 943
2 002
20 945
1 190
454 529
136 861
591 390
22 411
612 335
436 915
79 463
48 834
565 212
18 627
3 208 594
739 680
33 899
3 982 172
392 573
4 547 384
England &
Wales
(a) For aggregate use only.

(b) Reserves in 'dormant' sites are not included in
'inactive sites worked in the past' nor in the totals.
(c) Confidential, but totals remain correct.
Source: Collation of the Results of the 2009 Aggregate Minerals

Survey for England and Wales. British Geological Survey.
21
Great Britain estimated consumption of natural aggregates 19602012

Million tonnes
Year
1960
1961
1962
1963
1964
1965
1966
1967
1968
1969
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Crushed rock aggregate (c)
Sand and gravel (b)
Limestone
(a)
Igneous rock
Sandstone
Total
Sand
Gravel
Total
Total crushed
rock and sand
and gravel
18
20
21
23
29
34
40
48
53
55
59
62
61
74
72
67
60
59
61
65
65
57
62
70
69
72
78
89
102
106
98
90
85
89
99
87
77
80
79
76
75
(d) 78
71
67
70
66
70
(d) 67
59
(d) 45
(d) 39
(d) 39
41
15
16
16
17
20
20
22
25
27
28
28
29
32
38
34
32
28
26
28
29
28
25
30
31
30
32
34
39
44
46
49
46
48
49
50
49
43
42
40
45
44
45
44
45
46
46
(d) 46
51
47
38
(d) 35
43
34
4
4
4
4
5
5
6
7
11
14
11
9
10
14
12
10
10
9
10
10
10
10
11
11
12
11
11
14
16
16
14
13
11
12
13
15
12
12
13
11
12
(d) 11
11
11
11
11
(d) 11
12
9
8
8
9
8
37
40
41
44
54
59
68
80
91
97
98
100
103
126
118
110
98
94
99
104
103
92
103
112
111
115
123
142
162
169
162
148
144
150
162
151
133
134
132
133
131
134
127
123
127
123
127
130
115
91
82
91
83
38
42
42
44
52
50
50
52
54
52
53
53
55
62
53
54
51
46
48
49
45
41
42
46
46
47
51
53
63
64
58
49
45
45
50
47
43
45
44
45
45
45
44
45
45
43
42
42
37
30
29
30
26
38
43
43
45
54
52
56
60
58
57
57
59
63
68
60
63
59
53
55
54
52
48
49
55
54
55
55
58
67
67
58
49
44
44
48
43
39
42
42
43
44
43
39
35
41
39
38
36
35
26
26
25
24
76
85
85
89
106
102
106
112
112
109
110
112
118
130
113
117
110
99
102
103
96
89
91
101
100
102
106
111
130
131
116
98
89
89
98
90
82
86
86
88
89
88
83
80
86
82
80
79
72
56
54
55
50
113
125
126
133
160
161
174
192
203
206
208
212
221
256
231
227
208
193
201
207
199
182
194
213
211
217
229
253
292
300
278
246
233
239
259
240
215
220
218
221
220
222
210
203
213
205
207
208
187
147
137
146
133
(a) Including dolomite.

(b) Total production, excluding marine-dredged material for export;
see table on p.74.
(c) The following amounts of crushed rock aggregate, believed to be
mainly igneous rock, were exported (million tonnes):
2008: 5; 2009: 5, 2010: 5, 2011: 5, 2012: 4. Crushed rock aggregate
is also imported in comparable amounts. These figures have not been
taken into account when calculating consumption.
(d) BGS estimate.

22
Great Britain consumption of natural aggregates related to construction work

(intensity of use of aggregates) 19602012
Year
Value of new
construction
work (a)
million
1960
1961
1962
1963
1964
1965
1966
1967
1968
1969
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
40 341
43 994
45 379
46 270
54 168
57 357
57 820
62 758
64 723
63 409
61 134
63 031
63 493
63 701
53 531
50 800
51 574
49 946
52 517
49 268
42 674
38 181
40 588
44 005
44 996
44 419
46 695
53 024
58 948
59 858
59 327
56 249
55 078
54 429
52 634
52 723
54 744
56 465
58 075
59 841
60 110
59 893
63 231
67 256
73 709
71 579
73 381
75 924
71 713
60 493
69 413
71 083
63 552
Estimated consumption of aggregate

Crushed rock
Sand and
gravel (b)
Total value of
all construction
Total
work (a)
Tonnes per 1000

0.9
0.9
0.9
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
1.6
1.6
1.6
2.0
2.2
2.2
1.9
1.9
1.9
2.1
2.4
2.4
2.5
2.5
2.5
2.6
2.6
2.7
2.7
2.8
2.7
2.6
2.6
2.7
3.1
2.9
2.4
2.4
2.3
2.2
2.2
2.2
2.0
1.8
1.7
1.7
1.7
1.7
1.6
1.5
1.2
1.3
1.3
million
1.9
1.9
1.9
1.9
2.0
1.8
1.8
1.8
1.7
1.7
1.8
1.8
1.9
2.0
2.1
2.3
2.1
2.0
1.9
2.1
2.3
2.3
2.2
2.3
2.2
2.3
2.3
2.1
2.2
2.2
2.0
1.7
1.6
1.6
1.9
1.7
1.5
1.5
1.5
1.5
1.5
1.5
1.3
1.2
1.2
1.2
1.1
1.0
1.0
0.9
0.8
0.8
0.8
2.8
2.8
2.8
2.9
3.0
2.8
3.0
3.1
3.1
3.2
3.4
3.4
3.5
4.0
4.3
4.5
4.0
3.9
3.8
4.2
4.7
4.7
4.8
4.8
4.7
4.9
4.9
4.8
4.9
5.0
4.7
4.4
4.2
4.4
4.9
4.6
3.9
3.9
3.7
3.7
3.7
3.7
3.3
3.0
2.9
2.9
2.8
2.7
2.6
2.4
2.0
2.1
2.1
(a) Valued at constant 2005 prices. Source: Department for Business,

Innovation & Skills and Office for National Statistics.
(b) Land-won and marine-dredged material.
58 352
62 514
64 262
65 800
73 961
77 660
78 616
84 133
86 042
84 223
81 847
83 889
86 469
87 721
77 065
72 318
71 759
70 910
76 813
77 411
72 528
65 589
68 097
74 156
76 637
77 100
80 021
89 221
97 741
101 088
100 424
92 859
89 146
87 626
87 206
88 090
90 797
92 805
94 398
95 691
96 668
98 306
103 731
108 767
114 464
111 604
112 400
114 766
111 658
96 639
104 288
106 766
98 907
Estimated consumption of aggregate

Crushed rock
Sand and
gravel (b)
Total
1.3
1.4
1.3
1.4
1.4
1.3
1.3
1.3
1.3
1.3
1.3
1.3
1.4
1.5
1.5
1.6
1.5
1.4
1.3
1.3
1.3
1.4
1.3
1.4
1.3
1.3
1.3
1.3
1.3
1.3
1.2
1.1
1.0
1.0
1.1
1.0
0.9
0.9
0.9
0.9
0.9
0.9
0.8
0.7
0.8
0.7
0.7
0.7
0.6
0.6
0.5
0.5
0.5
1.9
2.0
2.0
2.0
2.2
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.4
2.5
2.5
2.6
2.9
3.0
3.1
2.9
2.7
2.6
2.7
2.7
2.8
2.8
2.9
2.7
2.8
2.8
2.8
3.0
3.0
2.8
2.6
2.6
2.7
3.0
2.7
2.4
2.4
2.3
2.3
2.3
2.3
2.0
1.9
1.9
1.8
1.8
1.8
1.7
1.5
1.3
1.4
1.3
Tonnes per 1000

0.6
0.6
0.6
0.7
0.7
0.8
0.9
1.0
1.1
1.2
1.2
1.2
1.2
1.4
1.5
1.5
1.4
1.3
1.3
1.3
1.4
1.4
1.5
1.5
1.4
1.5
1.5
1.6
1.6
1.7
1.6
1.6
1.6
1.7
1.9
1.7
1.5
1.4
1.4
1.4
1.3
1.4
1.2
1.1
1.1
1.1
1.1
1.1
1.0
0.9
0.8
0.9
0.8
23
Aluminium
Commodity
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Tonnes
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
thousand
Aluminium
Production
UnwroughtPrimary
Secondary
326 900
145 800
Consumption
UnwroughtPrimary
Secondary
Ferro-aluminium (a)
339 440 (b) 270 000 (b) 270 000 (b) 270 000 (b) 270 000
369 083
344 400
322 400
320 400
320 400
2 950
2 190
2 120
2 070
2 080
Imports
Ash and residues
Unwrought
Unwrought alloys
Scrap
1 136
160 797
93 210
145 819
526
304 621
43 601
117 651
1 001
138 975
62 686
126 584
1 776
201 428
62 784
109 122
325
144 629
64 561
106 654
1 744
234 827
152 037
155 175
418
326 050
60 882
94 893
1 142
204 559
104 767
134 400
1 091
309 357
113 462
123 162
296
223 073
106 111
101 311
Exports
Ash and residues
Unwrought
Unwrought alloys
Scrap
631
20 690
265 018
872 988
132
17 688
305 849
422 574
24
43 665
364 612
443 466
503
49 959
356 170
440 399
666
9 597
279 263
445 730
1 990
31 790
426 355
574 214
407
19 211
369 575
333 723
85
60 938
626 968
549 108
326
81 932
617 355
606 047
457
11 068
432 049
573 852
2010
2011
2012
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
252 000
129 800
186 000
99 600
213 000
99 200
60 000
148 800
(a) Consumption in the iron and steel industry; ferro-alloy weight.

(b) Estimate.
Aluminium compounds
Commodity
2008
2009
Tonnes
Aluminium compounds
Imports
Oxide (alumina)
Hydroxide
Fused Oxide (a)
Fluorides
Exports
Oxide (alumina)
Hydroxide (b)
Fused Oxide (a)
Fluorides
(a) Artificial corundum.
thousand
705 033
110 503
50 448
4 553
352 250
98 516
20 646
3 024
229 158
87 278
42 447
2 118
110 265
90 065
36 375
1 248
56 724
72 468
31 623
122
169 891
27 336
23 988
3 668
86 601
25 911
11 911
3 405
84 105
28 869
25 305
1 230
9 517
5 300
9 329
210
16 810
4 400
5 819
156
5 879
2 100
11 489
10
5 114
2 600
10 270
5
3 590
10 700
8 402
22
3 367
2 000
7 138
119
5 458
1 600
5 581
229
5 189
1 300
8 617
67
58
33
23
1
634
996
417
842
39 050
28 716
21 054
187
4 185
2 000
8 703
60
4 215
4 500
6 711
62
(b) BGS estimates, based on known imports into certain countries.
24
Antimony
Commodity
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Tonnes
Antimony
Imports
Ores & concentrates
Metal
Oxide
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
thousand
19
98
2 454
4
88
1 548
24
45
2 598
33
121
1 785
11
237
1 750
105
972
6 272
14
566
5 249
77
472
12 821
208
1 216
14 209
82
1 439
12 343
35
558
75
407
77
490
57
290
237
422
297
1 655
640
1 203
903
2 347
781
1 804
2 082
1 762
2009
2010
2011
2012
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Exports
Metal
Oxide
Arsenic
Commodity
2008
Tonnes
thousand
Arsenic
Imports
Elemental
52
60
15
240
380
107
182
160
Exports
Elemental
98
67
219
2009
2010
2011
2012
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Asbestos
Commodity
2008
Tonnes
Asbestos
Imports
Fibre
Fabricated asbestos
Friction material with a basis of
asbestos etc.
Articles of asbestos cement etc.
Exports
Fabricated asbestos
Friction material with a basis of
asbestos etc.
Articles of asbestos cement etc.
thousand
...
53
11
11
...
28
...
32
...
15
...
1 799
1
507
...
1 106
...
847
...
502
7 464
65 502
7 392
66 397
6 787
76 447
6 856
87 240
6 959
100 449
44 863
28 467
32 224
28 750
45 011
30 790
45 883
35 084
53 313
37 195
200
223
79
106
117
1 886
1 529
964
1 312
1 410
3 453
15 994
2 772
8 452
3 497
11 312
3 151
18 250
3 010
17 182
45 785
7 586
36 490
4 952
43 223
5 724
40 774
9 199
52 912
9 126
25
Asphalt, natural
Commodity
2012
2008
2009
2010
2011
Tonnes
2012
2008
2009
2010
2011
thousand
Asphalt, natural
Imports
152 309
48 668
56 781
75 610
8 739
32 946
10 837
17 905
29 516
4 443
Exports
141 900
190 764
198 446
145 463
34 290
22 126
41 322
41 898
44 104
2 426
2009
2010
2011
2012
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Ball clay
Commodity
2008
Tonnes
Ball clay
Production (sales)
thousand
(a) 1 020 496 (a) 727 076 (b) 900 000 (b) 930 000 (b) 748 000
Imports
12 197
16 340
12 938
8 039
8 433
1 880
1 578
2 146
2 105
2 814
Exports
768 115
513 010
697 037
704 337
566 709
48 838
33 342
41 403
43 437
36 925
2009
2010
2011
2012
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
(a) Source: The Kaolin and Ball Clay Association.

(b) BGS estimate based on exports.
Barytes
Commodity
2008
Tonnes
thousand
Barytes
Production
Barium minerals Barytes
43 000
36 000
34 099
31 000
30 000
Imports
Barium minerals (a)
56 794
61 308
89 474
99 872
88 042
4 251
4 558
10 241
11 911
12 174
Exports
Barium minerals (a)
9 976
13 095
17 851
15 648
19 072
2 320
3 407
4 315
4 285
6 079
(a) Mainly barites with some witherite.
26
Bauxite
Commodity
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Tonnes
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
thousand
Bauxite
Imports (a)
57 971
37 461
41 650
41 497
33 925
13 042
13 455
14 147
14 689
12 748
Exports (a)
6 121
3 873
3 140
5 936
2 929
2 137
1 816
1 510
3 648
1 654
2009
2010
2011
2012
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
(a)
Excluding refractory grade bauxite.
Bentonite
Commodity
2008
Tonnes
Bentonite
Imports
Exports
thousand
205 853
140 301
141 849
200 332
183 343
16 658
12 534
13 755
16 924
14 181
43 261
34 622
41 323
38 478
39 535
15 234
13 828
13 058
12 865
12 402
2009
2010
2011
2012
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Beryllium
Commodity
2008
Tonnes
thousand
Beryllium
Imports
Metal
Oxides and hydroxides
28
11
3
2
24
1
45
1 465
35
2
1 702
891
1 308
207
3 644
1
1 175
929
1 627
246
Exports
Metal
10
...
0
2
5
0
7
9
3
0
263
...
113
14
279
9
379
160
223
1
2009
2010
2011
2012
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Bismuth
Commodity
2008
Tonnes
Bismuth
Imports
Metal
Exports
Metal
thousand
1 582
310
366
411
481
16 140
2 622
3 704
5 426
5 471
905
941
427
1 038
744
12 763
9 142
7 236
8 642
7 676
27
Boron
Commodity
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Tonnes
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
thousand
Boron
Imports
Boron minerals (a)
2 322
879
2 383
2 425
2 563
627
345
671
674
1 960
Exports
Boron minerals (a)
254
63
10
77
10
166
41
20
(a) Including crude natural borates and concentrates, and crude natural boric acid.
Bricks
Due to a change in the way the Department for Business, Innovation and Skills report information relating to construction
materials it is no longer possible to give details of Great Britains production of bricks, blocks and tiles (for more information see
https://www.gov.uk/government/building-materials-and-components-monthly-statistics-2012)
Bromine
Commodity
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Tonnes
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
thousand
Bromine
Imports
5 903
6 534
5 788
9 486
7 817
4 476
6 661
5 737
9 096
8 568
Exports
1 015
497
781
1 473
1 378
1 716
1 463
1 888
2 344
2 340
28
Building and dimension stone

Commodity
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Tonnes
Building and dimension stone
Production
Sandstone
Igneous rock
Limestone
Dolomite
Total
Imports
UnworkedMarble & other calcareous stone
Granite (d)
Sandstone
Other stone
WorkedMarble & other calcareous stone
Granite
Other stone
Paving stones and flagstones
Exports
UnworkedMarble & other calcareous stone
Granite
Sandstone
Other stone
WorkedMarble & other calcareous stone
Granite
Other stone
Paving stones and flagstones
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
thousand
499 000
722 000
741 000
333 000
365 000
279 000
408 000 (a) 600 000 (a) 200 000
165 000
307 000 (a) 300 000 (a) 700 000 (b) 204 000 (b) 487 000
2 000
(a) 1 000
(a) 1 000
(c) ...
(c) ...
1 087 000 (a) 1 431 000 (a) 2 100 000 (a) 737 000
1 017 000
37 444
1 058 054
264 202
54 415
26 787
361 043
202 831
48 823
21 339
270 991
201 490
63 655
20 655
282 548
223 664
62 604
17 548
996 992
226 709
58 822
21 150
54 092
38 988
10 983
16 466
40 792
27 176
10 208
15 556
39 615
33 590
12 299
14
41
39
11
965
275
424
689
11 446
44 443
43 303
11 641
114 870
115 495
61 324
176 448
100 648
94 003
98 462
136 981
92 078
95 792
87 152
181 584
88 210
93 900
49 219
167 497
99 130
90 446
29 748
126 670
74 273
80 043
27 885
30 602
70 696
66 539
30 246
22 748
59 417
69 242
30 638
34 691
53
66
21
31
335
748
335
735
63 383
66 718
17 781
22 907
1 019
8 629
354
888
728
5 722
243
276
822
36 657
259
540
698
91 172
221
251
402
6 633
296
164
264
1 741
109
161
493
1 215
149
107
1 221
3 211
226
134
805
2 667
156
88
364
1 210
205
67
2 934
786
7 372
2 483
1 603
1 904
2 797
3 321
1 332
1 449
2 591
4 640
965
709
3 534
12 467
1 224
1 128
2 914
4 745
5 292
1 391
5 386
1 314
3 294
2 069
5 406
1 229
3 310
2 031
4 983
1 379
1
1
4
2
967
330
887
238
2 322
1 305
4 633
1 202
2011
2012
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
BGS estimate.
Including dolomite.
Included within Limestone.
Figures in some years believed to be too high. May include aggregates.
Cadmium
Commodity
2008
2009
2010
Tonnes
Cadmium
Consumption
thousand
96
71
72
83
83
Imports
Metal
Pigments
Oxide
212
104
386
246
63
181
470
22
309
542
98
281
229
169
957
506
1 586
827
255
512
1 424
136
988
963
351
575
376
391
Exports
Metal
Pigments
54
537
25
620
2 545
774
1 441
640
272
739
6 272
440
7 533
7 383
10 217
3 378
9 989
581
29
Cement
Commodity
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Tonnes
Cement
Production
Cement, clinker (a)
Cement, finished (a)
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
19 940
100 775
5 598
3 895
25 741
78 664
7 426
1 634
thousand
8 700 000
10 071 000
6 421 000
7 623 000
6 598 000
7 883 000
7 096 000
8 529 000
6 555 000
7 952 000
14 069 000
14 038 000
15 121 000
13 758 000
7 474 000
7 767 000
8 318 000
7 728 000
Cubic metres
Ready-mixed concrete
20 051 000
Tonnes
Consumption* (home deliveries)

Finished cement (a)(b)
9 937 000
Imports
Portland cement clinkers
Portland cement
Aluminous cement
Other cement
366 791
1 731 228
8 946
19 378
206 857
1 718 146
8 248
22 567
201 308
1 759 841
14 779
77 252
208 595
1 746 862
18 157
82 296
206 086
1 429 848
24 948
6 098
34 947
93 946
2 698
4 148
19 471
98 170
2 644
5 345
20 789
101 408
4 889
5 488
Exports
Portland cement clinkers
Portland cement
Aluminous cement
Other cement
15 071
230 920
57 963
35 160
4 708
92 628
42 725
8 635
5 500
134 223
50 689
6 092
15 531
121 537
55 727
6 606
31 458
239 058
70 622
4 880
1 248
18 540
20 022
4 630
950
10 884
16 500
2 155
1 313
13 357
23 800
1 870
2
13
27
2
763
921
368
153
1 979
11 852
32 112
1 563
* Figures for consumption have been updated as of October 2014.

(a) Great Britain only.
(b) Excluding imports.
Chalk (see Limestone)

China clay
Commodity
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Tonnes
China clay
Production (sales)
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
thousand
(a)(b)1 355 365 (a)(b)1 059 848
(c)1 140 000
(c)1 290 000
(c)1 150 000
Imports (d)
67 349
61 164
82 927
102 396
88 505
12 116
14 028
17 361
18 818
15 802
Exports (d)
1 186 905
880 929
1 025 298
1 157 780
1 039 460
119 536
101 218
115 113
123 274
115 499
(a) Dry weight.

(b) Source: The Kaolin and Ball Clay Association.
(c) BGS estimate based on exports.
(d) Excludes HS code 2507 00 80 'Other kaolinitic clays' which are shown
in this volume under Ball clay.
China stone (see Feldspar)

30
Chromium
Commodity
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Tonnes
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
thousand
Chromium
Apparent consumption (a)
82 000
17 500
39 100
49 300
47 400
Consumption in Iron and Steel

Industry (b)
68 780
24 100
33 980
44 360
42 130
117 715
33 867
7 084
10 572
9 124
21 106
6 789
1 901
3 305
2 919
13 250
1 081
65 360
128
10 300
3 099
5 730
683
28 471
13
3 300
2 904
7 836
50
50 512
9
10 600
3 007
15 198
1 705
53 288
362
12 900
2 346
15 767
49
49 403
723
15 300
1 663
31 747
878
75 033
136
12 400
15 062
10 517
423
20 200
30
4 300
12 132
15 559
37
49 286
10
15 000
17 349
28 388
1 197
49 568
409
23 600
16 671
25 405
188
42 124
710
29 800
12 784
32 507
297
168
50
...
3 168
103
69
461
160
755
9
14 500
6 501
294
39
1 141
50
4 900
5 058
187
964
1 252
22
1 200
7 441
326
261
1 266
364
1 100
8 017
387
308
1 593
72
608
7 737
2 018
324
1 379
24
33 600
38 623
954
75
1 653
244
12 200
33 207
765
411
1 851
43
3 500
54 158
1 978
397
1 877
268
4 300
64 662
1 427
423
2 138
155
2 200
65 752
Imports
Ores & concentrates
Ferro-chrome
Under 4% carbon
4%-6% carbon
Over 6% carbon
Ferro-silico-chrome
Oxides and hydroxides (c)
Metal
Exports
Ores & concentrates
Ferro-chrome
Under 4% carbon
4%-6% carbon
Over 6% carbon
Ferro-silico-chrome
Oxides and hydroxides (d)
Metal
(a) BGS estimates; see explanatory notes.

(b) Chromium content of ferro-alloys.
(c) BGS estimates, based on known exports from certain countries.

(d) BGS estimates, based on known imports into certain countries.
Clays
Commodity
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Tonnes
Clays
Production
Clay and shale
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
thousand
8 459 000
5 310 000
5 934 000
6 154 000
5 497 000
Imports
Unspecified clays
55 659
87 620
102 136
132 321
139 628
17 332
12 520
16 420
22 093
21 727
Exports
Unspecified clays
15 120
8 702
14 138
71 216
105 919
5 927
2 533
3 591
4 384
7 456
31
Great Britain production of clay and shale by end-use 19982012

Thousand tonnes
Year
Bricks, pipes
and tiles
Cement
Lightweight
aggregate
Constructional
use
Other uses
Total
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
8 214
8 270
7 880
7 574
6 985
7 090
7 629
7 741
6 772
6 869
4 969
2 797
3 983
3 569
2 384
2 148
1 939
1 884
2 194
2 215
1 937
2 348
2 013
1 397
1 353
1 474
1 415
1
33
1 089
540
625
956
1 181
798
785
1 318
998
769
561
491
(a) 543
(a) 310
234
422
102
159
118
136
23
12 230
11 355
10 838
10 426
10 306
10 680
11 164
10 898
10 432
10 104
8 459
5 310
5 934
6 154
5 497
(a) BGS estimate.
32
Coal
Commodity
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Tonnes
2008
2009
2010
25 757
2 632 676
2 658 434
1 480
22 711
1 828 525
1 851 236
1 740
18 053 000
17 874 000
18 417 000
18 627 000
17 047 000
Consumption
58 212 000
48 786 000
51 455 000
51 591 000
64 206 000
213 318
43 038 043
43 251 361
13 164
207 327
36 553 574
36 760 900
6 484
187 246
23 227 529
23 414 775
10 489
193 474
31 627 894
31 821 368
21 030
29 186
27 725
42 069 614 3 480 141
42 098 800 3 507 866
14 732
1 348
986
2 537
777
888
1 132
507
660
165 473
742 582
908 055
119 472
391 414
510 886
89 701
615 067
704 768
97 014
502 581
599 595
119 826
417 654
537 480
15 647
80 084
95 730
51 782
67 618
88 351
116 416
150 140
3 157
2 795
3 182
1 943
1 830
Total
Briquettes of Coal
Lignite (including
agglomerated)
Exports
Anthracite
Bituminous & Other
Total
Briquettes of Coal
Lignite (including
agglomerated)
2012
thousand
Coal
Production
Bituminous (a)
Imports
Anthracite
Bituminous & Other
2011
(a) Including anthracite.
33
21
2 933
2 954
3
111
563
674
007
6 313
3 099 028
3 105 341
2 484
231
150
393
15 587
56 545
72 132
11 701
73 176
84 877
13 335
64 111
77 446
13 453
58 042
71 495
7 869
12 142
15 783
18 713
39 433
591
600
621
375
604
UK supply of coal 2012

Thousand tonnes
Bituminous
Steam coal
Anthracite
Total
Coking coal
Production
Mine production
Other sources
Stock change
Total production
14 691
680
2 585
17 956
386
510
896
1 210
80
-141
1 149
16 287
760
2 953
20 000
Imports
European Union (a)
Australia
Canada
Colombia
Indonesia
China P.R.
South Africa
Russia
USA
Other countries
Total imports
583
153
11 749
0
0
546
17 459
8 858
272
39 619
4
2 360
154
595
1 932
25
5 071
106
13
7
125
693
2 360
307
11 749
0
13
553
18 053
10 790
297
44 815
-395
-21
-120
-536
57 180
5 946
1 154
64 279
Total exports
Total supply
(a) Includes non-EU coal routed through the Netherlands.
Source: Department of Energy and Climate Change.
Great Britain production of deep-mined and opencast coal 19822012

Thousand tonnes
Year
Deep-mined
Deep-mined and opencast
Opencast
Anthracite
Bituminous
Total
Anthracite
Bituminous
Total
Anthracite
Bituminous
Total
1 406
1 249
256
838
984
917
770
453
573
189
177
115
104 755
100 493
34 987
74 451
89 382
85 040
82 992
79 175
72 326
73 168
65 623
50 342
106 161
101 742
35 243
75 289
90 366
85 957
83 762
79 628
72 899
73 357
65 800
50 457
31 854
35 150
32 223
30 281
25 731
20 888
17 187
17 347
16 391
15 633
12 542
9 563
9 444
7 674
8 096
7 520
7 390
7 312
6 153
1 478
767
961
1 304
1 001
1 174
1 028
1 607
1 372
1 675
1 863
1 289
13 788
13 939
13 345
14 265
13 274
14 612
16 871
17 050
16 762
16 961
16 324
15 717
15 266
14 706
14 306
15 569
14 275
15 786
17 899
18 657
18 134
18 636
18 187
17 006
16 804
16 369
16 315
16 700
14 315
15 275
13 412
14 166
13 148
12 126
11 993
10 445
8 635
8 866
9 509
9 854
10 426
10 580
10 134
2 884
2 016
1 217
2 142
1 985
2 091
1 798
2 060
1 945
1 864
2 040
1 404
(a) 2 500
(a) 2 000
(a) 2 000
(a) 2 000
(a) 2 000
(a) 2 000
118 543
114 432
48 332
88 716
102 656
99 652
99 863
96 225
89 088
90 129
81 947
66 059
(a) 44 500
(a) 38 000
(a) 34 200
(a) 28 600
(a) 29 500
(a) 27 500
121 427
116 448
49 549
90 858
104 641
101 743
101 661
98 285
91 033
91 993
83 987
67 463
48 658
51 519
48 538
46 981
40 046
36 163
30 599
31 513
29 539
27 759
24 536
20 008
18 079
16 540
17 605
17 374
17 817
17 892
16 287
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
(a) BGS estimate.
34
United Kingdom regional deep-mined coal production 20072012

Thousand tonnes
County/Unitary authority
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Doncaster
Kirklees
Rotherham
Warwickshire
Derbyshire
Nottinghamshire
North Yorkshire
Northumberland
Lancashire
Gloucestershire
118
14
917
2 560
24
2 125
1 569
468
17
1 184
3 160
23
1 810
1 155
708
19
987
2 888
20
1 789
985
700
11
844
2588
20
1 719
1 461
705
4
856
2 078
28
1283
2 276
613
3
802
1 405
25
1 162
2 000
0
2
0
7 327
7 817
7 397
7 344
7 231
6 013
145
19
5
1
105
4
97
2
46
1
81
0
140
0
Wales
168
110
99
47
82
140
Scotland
United Kingdom
7 495
7 927
7 496
7 390
7 312
6 153
England
Rhondda, Cynon Taff

Neath Port Talbot
Torfaen
In previous editions this table has displayed figures relating to the financial years.
Source: The Coal Authority.
United Kingdom regional opencast coal production 20072012

Thousand tonnes
County/Unitary authority
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Bolton
Calderdale
Kirklees
Leeds
Rotherham
Wakefield
Lancashire
St Helens
Leicestershire
Derbyshire
Durham
Newcastle upon Tyne
Northumberland
Leeds
Shropshire
Telford & Wrekin
144
1
12
35
13
143
25
1 246
251
146
1
437
76
1 223
262
1
4
4
100
339
427
0
0
1 000
369
89
40
98
600
106
19
1 363
111
436
369
326
1 394
313
51
176
341
422
1 627
1 619
2 139
2 137
2 689
2 949
2 956
24
666
370
379
9
842
402
632
552
414
787
3 262
374
12
987
616
488
886
3
871
369
279
1 060
1 633
1 598
4 423
2 103
2 408
829
84
344
3 350
816
766
582
226
23
3 218
712
916
585
206
2 893
794
1 560
736
223
2 624
756
29
1 671
330
64
2 964
832
22
1 316
121
2 584
944
2
1 172
Scotland
6 188
5 678
6 037
6 038
5 528
4 823
United Kingdom
8 867
9 449
9 772
13 150
10 580
10 188
England
Blaenau Gwent
Merthyr Tydfil
Carmarthenshire
Neath Port Talbot
Powys
Rhondda, Cynon Taff
Wales
Dumfries & Galloway

Midlothian
West Lothian
East Ayrshire
Fife
North Lanarkshire
South Lanarkshire
In previous editions this table has displayed figures relating to the financial years.
35
Source: The Coal Authority.
339
Cobalt
Commodity
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Tonnes
Cobalt
Industry (a)
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
thousand
20
10
10
10
10
Apparent consumption (a)(b)
2 500
1 000
3 700
4 400
6 400
Imports
Ore
Unwrought
Wrought
Oxides
Scrap
72
3 748
767
138
880
200
3 131
439
168
358
143
5 023
505
198
435
124
5 137
644
256
312
125
5 446
434
164
317
1 526
114 725
14 241
4 021
12 130
3 750
48 235
18 134
2 309
4 195
669
72 415
15 588
2 825
4 851
62
17
2
3
378
556
100
890
708
236
57 997
15 216
1 882
3 151
Exports
Unwrought
Wrought
Oxides
Scrap
804
633
798
1 178
1 187
552
891
834
730
555
1 267
494
843
533
820
363
676
504
1 179
685
28 019
26 806
22 944
10 915
27 420
24 439
13 809
2 924
21 691
24 103
23 040
5 193
25
22
14
5
144
676
261
446
17 997
22 122
17 051
7 056
2009
2010
2011
2012
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
(a) Metal content.

(b) BGS estimates; see explanatory notes.
Coke and breeze

Commodity
2008
Tonnes
thousand
Coke and breeze

Production
Coke oven - coke
Coke oven - breeze
4 324 000
35 000
3 663 000
29 000
3 990 000
32 000
4 021 000
31 000
3 712 000
31 000
Consumption
Coke oven coke
Breeze
3 899 000
1 205 000
2 843 000
892 000
2 619 000
805 000
2 331 000
753 000
2 728 000
772 000
Imports
Coke from coal
Coke from lignite
509 265
363
89 717
125
171 791
469
133 511
474
132 538
487
107 977
105
14 962
61
25 551
260
28 967
248
25 993
255
Exports
Coke from coal
Coke from lignite
172 201
...
91 678
0
442 944
...
252 612
13
180 579
16
28 927
...
16 972
0
109 965
...
48 456
10
35 176
9
36
Copper
Commodity
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Tonnes
Copper
Consumption
UnwroughtRefined
Copper in scrap for direct use (a)
Imports
Ores & concentrates
Matte & cement
Scrap
Ash and residues
UnwroughtUnrefined
Refined
Alloys
Master Alloys
Exports
Ores & concentrates
Matte & cement
Scrap
Ash and residues
UnwroughtUnrefined
Refined
Alloys
Master Alloys
(a) Estimate.
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
thousand
42 920
120 000
22 800
120 000
43 000
120 000
22 800
120 000
22 800
120 000
699
7
21 132
635
581
1
18 549
217
189
22
27 495
40
125
20
29 010
24
194
1
27 214
434
1 500
134
53 211
782
928
23
39 973
156
968
28
81 565
63
884
40
91 261
42
1 213
22
70 330
752
5 529
47 716
5 173
548
3 034
45 249
3 766
300
2 039
40 708
5 379
309
1 267
34 627
5 095
403
147
38 674
5 723
234
18 981
187 844
15 991
2 778
14 557
145 913
11 931
1 447
7 898
202 000
19 914
1 859
4 588
194 158
24 681
2 482
541
195 899
30 326
1 505
118
28
358 981
723
68
14
429 467
832
39
33
421 868
541
51
36
513 394
660
4
18
373 943
906
137
215
775 054
591
107
118
693 154
1 407
152
218
1 077 272
451
136
370
1 315 943
418
47
276
1 061 176
1 361
3 066
4 850
11 603
6 219
205
14 059
7 906
3 933
185
8 863
6 899
5 883
194
17 951
9 611
7 261
647
24 498
7 917
7 524
16 062
20 571
45 706
25 047
2 508
41 963
26 335
12 728
2 896
43 952
33 354
26 087
3
97
54
38
571
471
264
143
5 762
124 507
41 097
36 884
Crushed rock (see also Aggregates)

Commodity
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Tonnes
Crushed rock
Production (a)
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
thousand
127 996 000
104 626 000
94 203 000 (b)102 828 000 (b)94 785 000
Imports (c)
1 984 383
1 609 546
1 896 201
1 705 153
1 273 059
34 449
26 157
30 740
36 384
22 718
Exports
5 260 973
4 916 514
4 910 701
5 387 038
4 251 427
36 693
36 965
36 490
40 856
32 165
(a) Includes small quantities for other purposes in Northern Ireland.

(b) Includes an estimate for Northern Ireland.
(c) For a number of years a significant amount of armourstone imports are
believed to be wrongly classified as 'granite, crude'. Care should be
taken when comparing long time trends.
37
Great Britain production of crushed rock by end-use 2012

(total production 82.9 million tonnes)
Armourstone
and gabion
Other
constructional
uses
Roadstone,
coated
Other
screened
and graded
Roadstone,
uncoated
Railway
ballast
Concrete
aggregate
38
Great Britain production of crushed rock by region 19802012

Thousand tonnes
Year
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
North
East (a)
9 948
8 677
9 362
8 978
9 668
9 823
9 861
10 375
11 453
13 497
14 602
13 378
12 669
12 724
13 365
10 930
10 385
10 619
10 246
9 298
5 441
6 338
5 390
6 081
6 455
5 333
5 352
5 482
4 928
3 194
3 354
3 400
North
West (b)
4 951
4 504
4 779
5 311
5 116
5 330
5 469
5 328
6 849
7 078
7 533
6 320
5 899
6 748
7 892
8 077
6 448
7 086
6 348
5 829
10 381
9 601
9 426
8 887
9 182
7 993
8 996
9 351
7 962
5 629
4 329
Yorks. &
the Humber
10 714
9 442
10 108
11 481
9 557
9 444
11 201
15 407
14 885
16 895
15 449
14 269
12 812
12 734
15 576
15 664
12 350
12 484
13 745
11 689
11 748
11 718
11 620
10 652
11 457
10 875
10 811
10 834
10 045
6 868
6 681
West
Midlands
7 364
6 713
8 181
9 192
8 861
8 589
8 780
10 015
12 519
12 519
11 047
10 009
8 783
8 225
8 839
6 514
6 416
6 028
5 996
5 533
5 688
5 835
5 538
4 861
4 416
4 824
4 750
3 850
2 808
2 927
East
Midlands
East of
England (c)
15 996
15 854
17 237
19 206
19 142
21 429
23 038
26 355
32 026
32 646
34 143
29 862
29 879
31 522
33 713
31 881
29 001
29 925
26 933
30 724
28 679
30 780
29 604
28 443
28 445
27 468
29 658
28 530
24 328
21 575
17 036
20 670
(a) From 2000, excludes Cumbria.

(b) From 2000, includes Cumbria.
(c) From 2000, includes Essex, Hertfordshire and Bedfordshire.
658
534
537
674
500
772
853
611
709
676
625
1 705
629
595
536
607
575
475
452
372
(e) 350
423
238
496
591
683
(e) 289
274
South
East (d)
1 114
961
1 112
1 404
1 597
1 601
2 589
3 254
1 320
1 625
1 168
1 433
1 210
1 352
1 358
1 343
1 624
1 984
1 068
(e) 1 008
1 351
1 090
1 059
1 011
1 029
1 085
800
South
West
21 934
18 763
21 175
23 178
25 107
26 510
29 194
34 443
39 108
37 589
33 073
28 037
28 564
29 848
32 141
27 419
22 940
23 117
23 411
23 183
24 146
28 067
24 332
22 998
23 479
23 180
22 526
22 374
22 355
18 218
14 715
England
Wales
Scotland
Great
Britain
72 679
65 450
72 492
79 541
79 650
83 203
89 640
104 296
120 283
124 088
117 875
104 177
100 553
103 595
114 665
103 475
89 444
91 535
88 675
88 637
88 027
94 630
87 647
83 957
85 653
80 593
83 722
82 922
75 179
59 666
50 115
57 744
52 980
15 998
14 249
16 754
18 835
16 965
17 423
17 881
20 950
23 102
23 581
22 646
22 123
21 482
23 237
24 346
23 139
21 273
20 585
19 903
20 429
19 044
17 765
16 724
16 837
16 528
16 535
18 429
18 487
15 685
10 542
11 001
12 034
10 901
13 586
11 681
13 602
13 706
14 063
14 370
14 844
16 990
17 629
21 125
21 094
21 707
21 932
22 743
22 746
24 224
22 177
21 667
23 138
23 531
23 236
21 364
22 198
22 092
25 494
24 732
24 744
28 168
24 215
20 895
21 193
21 151
19 004
102 533
91 381
102 848
112 082
110 678
114 995
122 365
142 237
161 014
168 794
161 615
148 007
143 967
149 576
161 757
150 838
132 894
133 787
131 716
132 598
130 307
133 759
126 568
122 885
127 674
121 860
126 895
129 577
115 079
91 103
82 309
90 928
82 885
(d) From 2000, excludes Essex, Hertfordshire and Bedfordshire.

(e) BGS estimate.
39
Great Britain production of crushed rock for aggregate 2012

Thousand tonnes
Mineral
Roadstone
Limestone (inc. dolomite)

Igneous rock
Sandstone
Total
Total
Sold
coated
For coating
at remote
plants
Uncoated
Surface
dressing
chippings
Railway
ballast
Concrete
aggregate
Other
screened
& graded
Other constructional
uses
Armourstone &
gabion
1 683
2 698
875
3 569
4 889
2 451
7 326
7 503
1 172
323
709
359
142
2 312
-
10 552
4 220
973
7 665
4 220
701
8 780
7 676
1 731
5 353
10 909
16 001
1 391
2 454
15 744
12 572
17 741
720
82 885
Note: figures for individual rock types do not sum to totals provided in source
document for all end uses. Suppression of data in the source document
means that it impossible for BGS to identify where the error has occurred.
Great Britain production of crushed rock by end-use 19982012

Thousand tonnes
Year
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Roadstone
Total
Uncoated
Surface
dressing
chippings
Railway
ballast
Fill
Coated
Concrete
aggregate
Other
screened
& graded
uses
Armourstone &
gabion
23 131
22 260
21 785
23 340
23 281
23 139
18 721
20 136
21 367
20 503
19 517
16 709
17 104
19 360
16 262
36 816
38 114
36 509
34 638
27 323
28 950
25 260
25 902
27 234
27 983
25 649
21 722
20 674
18 199
16 001
3 787
2 693
2 331
2 136
1 204
1 252
1 343
2 480
1 391
(a) 2 481
(a) 2 196
(a) 2 189
(a) 2 682
3 514
(a) 2 895
3 832
3 403
3 543
3 904
3 408
2 556
2 158
1 421
2 454
49 142
49 948
51 228
44 543
46 109
39 313
20 146
20 080
18 595
28 553
26 342
28 522
21 231
16 876
19 863
24 658
22 995
19 593
17 039
16 799
15 744
21 016
20 949
21 140
19 367
15 036
12 356
11 056
16 063
12 572
33 492
31 360
30 721
30 244
26 555
16 234
12 320
14 988
17 741
333
540
696
781
713
681
614
1 620
720
(a) BGS estimate.
40
131 716
132 598
130 307
133 759
126 568
122 885
127 674
121 860
126 895
129 577
115 079
91 103
82 309
90 928
82 885
Great Britain production of crushed rock, gravel and sand for use in concrete, 20002012
Thousand tonnes
Year
Sandstone
Igneous rock
Limestone
and
dolomite
Gravel (a)
Concreting
sand (a)
Total
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
738
1 425
1 483
1 778
1 214
551
496
1 529
914
1 116
859
658
973
3 811
6 351
4 747
6 613
5 086
3 755
5 548
7 147
6 597
5 741
5 264
5 523
4 220
14 046
20 780
20 112
20 197
14 931
12 571
13 819
15 981
15 484
12 737
10 915
10 618
10 552
30 753
29 969
27 699
26 566
27 533
26 014
25 354
23 621
18 787
14 452
13 494
14 103
12 592
31 167
31 656
31 224
31 521
32 529
29 848
29 815
30 202
26 885
21 570
20 947
22 591
19 697
80 515
90 181
85 265
86 675
81 293
72 739
75 032
78 480
68 667
55 616
51 479
53 493
48 034
(a) Including marine-dredged material landed at British ports.
Great Britain production of crushed rock for use as roadstone, 20002012

Thousand tonnes
Year
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Sandstone
Igneous rock
Total
Coated
Uncoated
Coated
Uncoated
Coated
Uncoated
Coated
Uncoated
3 315
3 216
3 402
3 586
3 689
3 526
2 858
3 185
2 835
3 272
3 243
3 768
3 326
2 201
1 731
1 689
1 741
(a) 1 698
(b) 1 452
(a) 1 850
(a) 1 751
(b) 1 109
(a) 1 482
(b) 1 265
(a) 1 865
(a) 1 531
9 890
9 523
11 023
11 019
10 392
7 832
9 571
9 349
8 794
7 192
8 281
9 113
7 587
13 394
10 547
10 326
10 764
(a) 11 318
(a) 11 168
(a) 11 478
(a) 11 838
(a) 13 155
(b) 10 021
(a) 10 815
(a) 10 691
(a) 8 212
8 580
10 602
8 858
8 533
4 640
8 777
8 937
7 968
7 888
6 245
5 580
6 479
5 252
20 915
22 360
15 308
16 455
(b) 14 558
(b) 14 195
(a) 16 237
(a) 16 530
(b) 11 960
(b) 10 572
(b) 9 234
(a) 8 123
(a) 7 649
21 785
23 340
23 281
23 138
18 721
20 136
21 367
20 503
19 517
16 709
17 104
19 360
16 165
36 509
34 638
27 323
28 950
(a) 29 047
(a) 28 595
(a) 29 565
(a) 30 119
(a) 26 853
(a) 22 974
(a) 22 017
(a) 20 679
(a) 17 392
(a) Including surface dressing chippings.

(b) Excluding surface dressing chippings.
Great Britain production of crushed rock for railway ballast, 20002012

Thousand tonnes
Year
Sandstone
Igneous rock
Total
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
(a) 100
(a) 150
190
157
1 965
2 341
3 324
2 669
3 074
3 072
3 102
3 372
2 154
1 417
2 312
(a) 100
(a) 150
142
(a) 2 189
(a) 2 682
3 514
(a) 2 895
3 832
3 403
3 543
3 904
3 408
2 556
2 158
1 421
2 454
(a) BGS estimate.
41
England production of crushed rock by end-use 20002012

Thousand tonnes
Year
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Roadstone
Total
Coated
Uncoated
Surface
dressing
chippings
Railway
ballast
Fill and
ballast
Concrete
aggregate
Other
screened
& graded
uses
Armourstone &
Gabion
15 618
17 202
17 002
16 511
11 995
13 194
14 504
12 865
13 201
11 087
10 599
12 626
23 568
24 333
18 179
18 625
17 564
17 208
18 551
19 370
16 582
13 376
11 833
9 572
8 840
2 156
1 426
1 104
889
845
752
909
2 045
975
2 243
1 871
1 933
2 322
2 248
1 033
35 500
31 518
33 611
28 545
13 340
21 578
18 855
20 275
15 300
12 494
14 818
16 211
16 928
14 735
11 687
12 259
11 739
12 388
11 676
11 268
12 103
7 756
7 077
5 900
10 067
6 988
23 867
22 474
21 133
18 717
17 167
10 384
7 170
8 872
11 331
179
248
411
443
450
1 269
395
88 027
94 630
87 647
83 957
85 692
80 593
83 722
82 922
75 179
59 666
50 115
57 744
52 980
Wales production of crushed rock by end-use 20002012

Thousand tonnes
Year
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Roadstone
Total
Coated
Uncoated
Surface
dressing
chippings
Railway
ballast
Fill and
ballast
Concrete
aggregate
Other
screened
& graded
uses
Armourstone &
Gabion
2 748
3 269
3 340
3 039
2 856
3 737
3 853
3 351
3 267
3 224
3 665
3 164
3 269
2 436
1 938
2 514
1 871
2 007
1 972
2 121
1 757
1 830
1 695
1 339
1 218
250
192
218
275
9 532
7 212
6 508
5 640
3 495
4 848
4 937
5 644
3 733
2 117
2 514
3 335
3 087
2 317
2 112
2 237
2 469
2 927
2 954
2 678
1 642
773
1 198
2 141
2 074
4 351
4 478
5 813
5 662
5 057
2 044
2 446
2 202
2 166
83
85
74
45
19 044
17 765
16 724
16 837
16 528
16 535
18 429
18 487
15 685
10 542
11 001
12 034
10 901
Scotland production of crushed rock by end-use 20002012

Thousand tonnes
Year
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Roadstone
Total
Coated
Uncoated
Surface
dressing
chippings
Railway
ballast
Fill and
ballast
Concrete
aggregate
Other
screened
& graded
uses
Armourstone &
Gabion
3 420
2 870
2 939
3 589
3 910
3 204
3 008
4 286
2 355
3 282
3 069
9 672
7 869
7 206
7 812
5 825
6 687
6 711
6 492
7 310
6 516
7 146
7 288
5 943
109
308
217
159
8 385
8 495
9 503
8 023
1 760
2 130
2 550
2 669
2 198
2 266
2 531
5 111
2 981
2 541
3 239
2 303
6 159
6 346
6 918
4 586
5 639
4 506
3 959
3 855
3 510
5 274
4 408
3 776
5 865
4 331
3 805
2 704
3 914
4 244
208
200
264
218
42
23 236
21 364
22 198
22 092
25 494
24 732
24 744
28 168
24 215
20 895
21 193
21 151
19 004
Diamond
Commodity
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2009
2010
2011
2012
876 344
834 518
1 228 713
1 248 369
1 135 227
33 227 748 2 761 345

7 009 031
911 691
7 747 613
12 307
26 886 717
8 665
2 013 574
689 890
7 623
6 404
2 747 423
826 271
30 724
10 624
3 539 213
971 820
20 976
11 281
2 881 539
1 022 427
94 825
9 194
477 338
488 658
710 750
620 529
251 285
46 117 478 3 448 031

1 702 424
699 752
3 949 553
17 700
32 288 331
11 492
2 381 592
657 011
13 977
7 796
3 417 622
772 743
21 248
14 191
4 336 731
702 987
25 685
13 864
4 464 586
805 995
24 931
12 113
2009
2010
2011
2012
Carats
Diamond
Imports
Unsorted
GemRough
Cut
Industrial
Dust
Exports
Unsorted
GemRough
Cut
Industrial
Dust
2008
thousand
10 283 610
59 534 653
1 343 330
5 127 610
187 268 975
8 348 854
8 703 907
8 484 526
44 064 081 40 559 260

868 406
761 455
3 321 670
7 299 364
88 148 090 111 136 020
38 472 604
18 292 931
10 236 376
32 411 894
3 388 395
4 090 534
3 689 202
2 735 369
66 479 817 43 775 775 51 769 860

795 612
257 202
283 435
6 121 081
4 440 922
2 478 568
122 681 695 105 427 105 113 451 535
41 541 219
1 292 162
3 864 054
42 269 921
9 238 531
2 974 099
Diatomite
Commodity
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Tonnes
2008
thousand
Diatomite
Imports (a)
23 084
22 014
18 649
20 042
19 752
4 548
5 001
5 348
5 340
5 025
Exports (a)
903
533
1 650
797
659
502
288
424
814
508
(a) Officially recorded under the heading `Siliceous fossil meals and similar
siliceous earths. Excludes flux calcined.
Dolomite (see Limestone)
43
Feldspar
Commodity
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Tonnes
Feldspar
Production
China stone (a)
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
thousand
430
Imports
Feldspar
Nepheline-syenite
18 899
44 275
9 299
32 462
17 584
39 092
16 750
35 573
21 610
30 744
1 406
4 355
661
3 516
1 813
4 038
1 964
4 475
3 432
3 128
Exports
Feldspar
Nepheline-syenite
82
902
369
204
38
291
34
337
92
403
28
520
30
62
20
83
19
101
65
116
2009
2010
2011
2012
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
(a) Including weathered granite feldspar.
Fireclay
Commodity
2008
Tonnes
Fireclay
Production (a)
thousand
180 000
129 000
110 000
162 000
96 000
Imports
Fireclay
Fireclay bricks etc
Refractory hollow-ware
2 556
7 070
2 272
2 273
3 229
2 090
2 644
2 103
1 622
1 739
2 148
2 009
2 823
1 893
2 068
402
4 960
3 557
514
1 509
4 306
661
1 552
3 614
346
1 972
4 761
710
1 135
4 623
Exports
Fireclay
Fireclay bricks etc
Refractory hollow-ware
54
4 347
1 274
92
3 455
1 297
9
2 587
890
26
2 198
1 354
1 151
3 077
1 082
33
5 319
17 071
62
4 441
14 687
24
3 093
13 212
29
3 344
16 802
608
4 663
15 724
2012
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
(a) Great Britain only. There is a small, undisclosed production in Northern Ireland.
Fluorspar
Commodity
2008
2009
2010
2011
Tonnes
Fluorspar
Production
thousand
36 801
18 536
26 420
Imports
8 429
6 436
1 294
45 327
19 739
2 389
2 574
599
7 568
3 857
Exports
187
303
412
590
75
156
184
1 345
165
163
44
Gas, natural (see Petroleum)

Germanium
Commodity
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
thousand
Tonnes
Germanium
Imports
Metal
400
802
539
1 161
456
Exports
Metal
37
277
249
465
1 351
363
2009
2010
2011
2012
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Gold
Commodity
2008
Tonnes
Gold
Production (a)
thousand
Imports
Waste & scrap
Unwrought (b)
Semi-manufactured
43
878
36
213
1 158
9
66
791
10
71
1 000
13
Exports
Waste & scrap
Unwrought (b)
Semi-manufactured
272
579
24
533
78
19
497
260
33
273
752
23
(a) Small quantities have been produced in Northern Ireland as follows:

2008: 163 kilograms; 2009: 187 kilograms; 2010: 177 kilograms;
2011: 202 kilograms; 2012: 102 kilograms.
(b) Mainly refined gold bullion in the form accepted in inter-bank transactions.
Granite (see Igneous rock)
45
165
35 655
24 161
90 993
112 737
97 797
979 13 136 670 23 560 892 19 875 910 25 100 889 32 868 462
75
307 054
148 367
193 170
357 787 2 406 462
1 928
293 085
221 8 068 006
45
162 089
1 041 439
1 326 269
147 766
1 534 257 1 460 031

6 309 575 23 027 896
428 307
636 654
1 146 245
7 353 165
1 362 000
Graphite
Commodity
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Tonnes
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
thousand
Graphite
Imports
Natural graphite
Artificial graphite
Graphite crucibles etc
14 309
20 728
991
7 850
10 813
788
6 989
16 290
782
6 869
20 236
689
4 114
20 959
564
7 766
21 815
3 401
5 516
18 104
2 880
5 468
21 622
2 878
6 377
26 240
2 535
4 498
28 727
1 771
Exports
Natural graphite
Artificial graphite
Graphite crucibles etc
3 156
6 792
11 342
2 271
5 450
6 412
2 981
6 894
6 548
3 660
8 151
7 784
2 196
7 827
7 287
3 906
17 974
25 447
3 015
13 008
17 751
3 032
14 909
17 750
4 182
15 167
17 750
3 255
13 215
16 316
2009
2010
2011
2012
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Gypsum
Commodity
2008
Tonnes
thousand
Gypsum
Production
Gypsum, natural (a)
1 200 000
1 200 000
1 200 000
1 200 000
1 200 000
Imports
GypsumGypsum
Gypsum (plasters)
140 783
88 766
396 138
60 337
216 605
54 209
539 327
46 526
490 661
47 545
8 522
12 433
8 104
13 540
6 957
12 728
7 284
11 655
8 118
11 614
Exports
GypsumGypsum
Gypsum (plasters)
1 493
48 340
1 978
32 551
3 330
24 552
3 428
25 504
4 036
21 216
955
13 647
777
12 067
1 128
7 953
1 035
9 169
1 138
9 174
(a) BGS estimates.
UK production of desulphogypsum 2003-2013

Thousand Tonnes
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Drax
699
653
565
610
645
744
Ratcliffe-on-Soar
384
350
235
204
254
338
263
266
248
383
339
West Burton
274
335
289
255
217
164
144
164
276
298
Eggborough
31
46
36
66
40
44
112
108
Cottam
19
196
257
225
164
210
208
234
271
Fiddlers Ferry
Ferrybridge
Rugley
1 083
1 228
1185
1303
1447
1590
Total
46
2013
Hafnium
Commodity
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Tonnes
Hafnium
Imports
Exports
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
thousand
41
12
16
1 832
1 426
3 000
2 294
1 275
18
15
11
254
1 342
1 036
251
310
2011
2012
Igneous rock
Commodity
2008
2009
2010
Tonnes
Igneous rock see also Building
and dimension stone
Production (a)
53 490 000
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
thousand
44 618 000
44 876 000 (b)44 400 000 (b)40 200 000
Imports
GraniteWorked
Unworked
115 495
1 058 054
94 003
361 043
95 792
270 991
93 900
282 548
90 446
996 992
80 043
54 092
66 539
40 792
69 242
39 615
66 748
41 275
66 718
44 443
Exports
GraniteWorked
Unworked
786
8 629
1 904
5 722
1 449
36 657
709
91 172
1 128
6 633
1 391
1 741
2 069
1 215
2 031
3 211
1 330
2 667
1 305
1 210
(a) Excluding a small production of granite in Northern Ireland.

47
England production of igneous rock by end-use 20002012

Thousand tonnes
Year
Roadstone
Building
stone
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
27
12
28
12
18
20
28
22
Total
Sold For coating Uncoated

Surface
coated
at remote
dressing
plants
chippings
2 726
2 792
2 778
2 974
2 868
2 571
2 539
2 925
2 364
1 840
1 249
3 916
3 523
4 872
4 066
1 473
1 699
3 418
2 313
1 334
2 037
3 393
3 587
2 844
3 477
3 185
3 722
3 619
4 071
4 692
5 410
4 167
3 455
2 130
1 981
938
449
323
342
318
364
1 433
475
Railway Concrete
ballast aggregate
1 612
1 701
1 779
2 106
4 059
2 110
3 458
2 623
1 457
2 961
3 605
3 198
2 041
3 165
2 225
Other Other conscreened structional

& graded
uses
3 493
4 105
3 277
4 621
1 717
1 949
1 499
1 670
839
6 799
8 051
7 028
6 460
3 203
3 727
3 492
2 747
1 653
1 632
1 541
3 528
Armourstone &
gabion
Industrial
uses
Other
uses
60
86
79
192
1 110
121
20 435
22 647
21 889
21 878
20 174
20 576
22 076
21 865
21 056
17 846
17 460
17 428
15 646
Wales production of igneous rock by end-use 20002012

Thousand tonnes
Year
Roadstone
Building
stone
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
9
5
3
2
15
13
7
Total

Surface
coated
at remote
dressing
plants
chippings
314
393
375
375
477
427
377
325
330
412
323
227
197
366
257
179
540
616
530
659
266
241
327
209
314
243
256
246
227
236
247
191
90
Railway Concrete
ballast aggregate
219
369
396
357
117
156
167
216
232

& graded
uses
492
452
483
603
151
112
140
120
506
391
347
412
405
426
677
490
333
Armourstone &
gabion
Industrial
uses
Other
uses
10
82
2 743
2 372
2 111
2 507
2 295
2 364
2 596
2 474
3 028
1 932
2 294
2 450
1 769
Scotland production of igneous rock by end-use 20002012

Thousand tonnes
Year
Roadstone
Building
stone
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
179
423
196
179
171
130
244
552
94
Total

Surface
coated
at remote
dressing
plants
chippings
1 762
1 608
1 595
2 101
2 485
1 993
1 685
1 847
1 580
1 636
2 512
1 452
1 126
945
1 010
1 037
1 246
1 090
2 153
499
1 399
9 148
7 437
6 608
7 251
5 568
6 322
6 332
6 163
6 924
5 627
6 483
6 626
5 331
230
272
186
Railway Concrete
ballast aggregate
1 494
967
1 036
1 107
1 077
(a) BGS estimate.
1 922
2 241
2 107
2 181
2 431
4 982
2 376
3 007
2 126

& graded
uses
6 147
6 754
4 399
5 298
4 292
3 693
3 599
3 261
7 332
4 552
3 866
3 291
5 214
3 999
3 435
2 187
3 242
3 815
Armourstone &
gabion
Industrial
uses
Other
uses
92
175
173
251
198
207
136
39
26
40
308
48
21 455
20 034
20 543
20 920
23 724
23 052
23 194
26 345
22 925
19 082
19 684
19 113
17 384
Insulating materials
Commodity
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Tonnes
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
thousand
Insulating materials
Imports
Mineral wools (a)
Expanded minerals (b)
Other (c)
24 135
111 091
43 244
25 128
30 732
32 068
24 427
47 121
37 361
20 908
59 198
38 030
18 501
60 737
38 279
32 142
8 663
38 139
34 156
5 523
32 841
33 505
7 137
40 172
32 446
9 330
41 701
31 247
11 354
44 394
Exports
Mineral wools (a)
Expanded minerals (b)
Other (c)
24 700
19 581
58 762
29 984
10 973
42 351
35 500
14 174
56 989
44 328
16 777
64 551
37 334
15 078
73 014
39 471
22 236
70 153
35 600
14 126
57 472
52 257
17 959
74 706
60 566
19 333
84 958
51 211
23 484
91 697
(a) Slag wool, rock wool and similar mineral wools.

(b) Exfoliated vermiculite, expanded clays, foaming slag and similar
expanded mineral materials.
(c) Mixtures and articles of heat-insulating, sound-insulating or sound-absorbing

mineral materials.
Iodine
Commodity
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
thousand
Tonnes
Iodine
Imports
1 107
1 075
1 254
1 426
1 573
10 923
13 753
16 854
18 464
36 345
Exports
175
121
393
234
370
1 826
2 153
2 922
5 760
13 575
2012
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Iron compounds and earth colours

Commodity
2008
2009
2010
2011
Tonnes
Iron compounds and earth colours
Imports
Earth colours containing 70%
or more ferric oxide
Other iron compoundsOxides and hydroxides
Exports
Earth colours containing 70%
or more ferric oxide
Other iron compoundsOxides and hydroxides
thousand
74
213
210
247
108
25
217
147
324
196
36 145
21 412
21 516
19 187
21 081
25 271
18 624
21 396
19 697
19 623
450
543
68
159
74
646
598
100
190
120
7 784
4 313
5 070
4 825
5 203
11 318
7 723
7 582
6 474
6 122
49
Iron ore
Commodity
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Tonnes
Iron ore
Production
Iron ore (a)
Fe content (b)
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
thousand
145
80
Consumption
Home-produced (b)
Imported
140
15 338 400
11 171 300
10 572 200
9 734 800
10 510 900
Imports
Iron ore
Fe content (b)
15 282 786
9 300 000
9 185 919
5 600 000
10 597 085
6 400 000
9 175 254
5 500 000
10 062 173
6 000 000
938 415
468 519
912 896
990 550
829 922
7 731
32 579
5 228
179 699
108 399
953
3 014
634
14 379
6 798
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Exports
Iron ore
(a) The Florence mine near Egremont, Cumbria closed in 2008. The mine
produced high-grade hematite for foundry uses, mineral specimens
and jewellery. The mine was also a tourist attraction.
(b) BGS estimates.
Iron and steel

Commodity
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Tonnes
Iron and steel
Production
Pig iron
Crude steelAlloy qualities
Other
Total
Consumption
Pig iron (a)
Finished steel (b)
Scrap
10 136 800
7 671 100
7 233 000
6 625 000
7 183 100
824 900
12 695 700
13 520 500
393 500
9 681 000
10 074 500
506 600
9 201 400
9 708 000
642 400
8 835 600
9 478 000
587 300
8 991 800
9 579 100
9 931 000
11 784 000
4 888 000
7 540 000
7 007 000
3 459 400
7 088 000
8 790 000
3 713 100
6 610 000
9 019 000
3 890 300
7 325 000
8 444 000
3 674 500
61 657
27 003
314 921
19 703
17 483
160 285
41 959
97 745
208 817
69 095
160 969
225 819
55 845
194 237
212 787
21 724
26 470
430 007
5 758
15 722
154 472
13 167
31 682
246 459
27 613
46 342
285 036
23 427
72 867
255 107
679 019
228 294
212 829
213 818
714 541
270 986
1 185 242
423 744
835 691
284 986
409 887
133 546
176 318
80 685
393 571
160 388
636 490
192 405
481 840
131 687
2 523
43 775
40 986
27 765
37 314
28 899
4 339
41 899
45 314
2 074
46 893
43 918
3 775
53 268
49 357
2 308
43 529
365 568
5 254
31 752
125 266
3 351
43 965
240 287
2 685
56 120
273 119
1 348
63 469
252 143
3 348 794
6 616 708
2 118 701
6 007 656
1 137 160
7 507 853
668 885
7 744 411
1 817 820 1 619 056

7 160 639 1 868 340
936 583
1 184 693
818 397
1 944 946
885 788
2 408 014
1 061 356
2 076 913
Imports
Pig iron
Shot, powder, sponge etc
Ferro-alloys
Iron and steelIngots and other primary forms
Scrap
Exports
Pig iron
Shot, powder, sponge etc
Ferro-alloys
Iron and steelIngots and other primary forms
Scrap
thousand
(a) Consumption in steel making only.
(b) Net home disposals.
50
Consumption in the United Kingdom iron and steel industry 20032012

Thousand tonnes
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
1
15 766
1
16 011
0
15 990
0
16 539
0
16 607
0
15 338
0
11 171
0
10 572
0
9 735
0
10 511
21
Iron and steel scrap (f)
4 390
5 123
4 531
4 811
5 144
4 888
3 459
3 713
3 890
3 675
Pig iron (f)
9 955
10 010
9 983
10 444
10 729
9 931
7 540
7 088
6 610
7 325
16
2
0
0
0
53
0
17
2
0
0
0
54
0
14
2
0
0
0
52
0
13
2
0
0
0
55
0
12
2
0
0
0
61
0
12
3
0
0
0
69
1
8
1
0
0
0
24
0
10
1
0
0
0
34
0
12
2
0
0
0
44
0
10
2
0
0
0
42
0
94
95
92
97
100
94
70
67
66
66
23
3
(d)
23
3
(d)
22
3
(d)
24
3
(d)
24
3
(d)
23
3
(d)
17
2
(d)
16
2
(d)
16
2
(d)
16
2
(d)
(d)
37
(d)
37
(d)
36
(d)
38
(d)
39
(d)
37
(d)
27
(d)
26
(d)
26
(d)
26
0
0
1
(d)
1
0
0
1
(d)
1
0
0
1
(d)
1
0
0
1
(d)
1
0
0
1
(d)
1
0
0
1
(d)
1
0
0
1
(d)
1
0
0
1
(d)
1
0
0
1
(d)
1
0
0
1
(d)
1
254
2 019
530
262
2 068
584
243
1 951
593
445
2 028
631
474
1 822
585
420
1 664
496
369
1 095
378
399
948
371
344
932
395
556
912
379
62
2
53
3
57
3
60
2
58
3
52
3
41
2
49
3
48
2
42
2
Iron ore
Home produced (a)
Imported (b)
Manganese ore
Alloy metals (c)

Nickel
Molybdenum
Tungsten
Vanadium
Cobalt
Chromium
Niobium
Ferro-alloys
Ferro-manganese
Ferro-silicomanganese
Ferro-aluminium
Ferro-chromium
Ferro-silicochromium
Ferro-silicon
Ferro-silicozirconium
Calcium silicide
Ferro-phosphorus
Ferro-niobium
Ferro-titanium
Dolomite (raw and
burnt) (e)
Limestone (e)
Lime (e)
Zinc for galvanising
Tin for tinplating
Average Fe content: (a) 55%, (b) 62%.

(c) Metal content.
(d) Included under alloying metals.
(e) Restricted to consumption in blast furnaces, sinter plants and steel

furnaces.
(f) Consumption in steel making only.
Source: Iron and Steel Statistics Bureau.
51
Lead
Commodity
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Tonnes
Lead
Production
ConcentratePb content
UnwroughtBullion
Refined
Primary (d)
Secondary
Consumption
Refined
Imports
Ores & concentrates
Ash and residues
Unwrought
UnrefinedBase bullion (e)
Other
Refined
Alloys
Scrap
Exports
Ash and residues
Unwrought
UnrefinedBase bullion
Other
Refined
Alloys
Scrap
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
thousand
(a)(b) 300
(c) 243
(c) 251
(c) 280
(c) 61
36 000
36 000
36 000
36 000
36 000
139 000
144 000
157 865
144 000
151 000
150 000
125 000
150 000
156 930
155 000
222 123
188 726
211 165
210 927
210 900
116
423
24
133
23
186
47
345
121
123
169
200
30
90
42
153
51
302
205
94
194 113
1 190
18 379
19 924
4 621
130 312
1 300
14 179
1 798
4 962
151 653
0
14 359
787
8 858
127 691
133
18 468
1 287
4 792
168 669
1
19 605
1 331
3 317
252 593
1 698
22 523
24 743
5 287
194 998
1 180
14 569
2 741
4 695
297 843
41
18 682
1 681
9 957
323 923
256
28 354
2 678
5 430
312 933
4
26 175
2 127
3 361
535
515
982
852
760
536
327
560
547
478
...
1 725
77 795
57 466
47 660
0
45
126 697
54 505
56 055
21
1 226
103 988
62 406
69 404
822
65 046
79 009
4 820
74 789
1 993
69 975
97 771
6 050
57 990
...
1 854
96 383
79 823
44 505
3
38
144 935
70 000
48 579
40
1 635
152 672
97 889
74 457
1 398
113 204
124 734
7 606
90 421
2 956
106 242
135 417
8 659
61 951
(a) By-product of Pennine fluorspar operations and of gold mining in

Northern Ireland.
(b) BGS estimate.
(c) By-product of gold mining in Northern Ireland.

(d) Refined from imported bullion including lead content of alloys.
(e) Containing substantial quantities of silver.
52
Limestone, dolomite and chalk

Commodity
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Tonnes
Limestone
Production
Limestone
Dolomite
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
thousand
74 145 000
5 509 000
60 111 000
3 164 000
Imports
Limestone flux (b)
Lime
Dolomite
38 404
11 452
146 620
24 368
9 091
149 802
14 954
9 883
149 695
5 187
16 305
144 281
6 511
13 513
105 741
1 699
1 887
4 954
1 764
1 235
4 612
1 758
1 627
4 961
1 729
2 356
5 675
2 060
2 067
3 963
Exports
Limestone flux (b)
Lime
Dolomite (c)
261 462
115 728
4 786
226 165
95 357
3 438
225 551
106 075
2 675
250 651
157 690
1 077
213 229
140 234
320
3 168
13 946
249
2 763
13 382
245
3 161
13 442
227
3 442
17 946
112
2 446
18 658
28
5 874 000
4 047 000
3 626 000
3 996 000
3 473 000
Imports
5 447
3 878
9 341
8 002
23 144
716
627
1 074
852
1 957
Exports
126 594
30 890
22 504
21 221
17 343
4 510
1 870
1 542
1 680
1 342
Chalk
Production (d)
56 985 000(a)58 100 000(a)54 800 000

4 540 000
4 490 000
4 896 000
(a) Includes an estimate for Northern Ireland.

(b) Including calcareous stone commonly used for the manufacture
of lime or cement.
(c) Crude.
(d) Great Britain only. There is a small, undisclosed production in Northern Ireland.
53
Great Britain production of limestone and chalk for cement, 20002012

Thousand tonnes
Year
Limestone
Chalk
Total
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
(a) 9 821
10 123
9 642
9 573
9 474
(a) 6 288
5 111
5 550
5 360
5 177
16 109
15 234
15 192
14 933
14 651
13 235
12 408
13 837
11 539
8 208
8 703
9 936
9 225
(a) BGS estimate.
Great Britain production of limestone, dolomite and chalk for agricultural uses, 20002012
Thousand tonnes
Year
Limestone
Dolomite
Chalk
Total
Calcination (a)
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
810
789
1 007
921
757
965
1 749
1 610
1 639
2 036
1 811
1 595
1 709
1 826
1 629
1 927
1 795
1 990
1 580
2
11
(a) Comprises material included in the total which, after

calcination, was used as lime and dolomitic lime.
(b) BGS estimate.
Great Britain production of limestone, dolomite and chalk for industrial uses, 20002012
Thousand tonnes
Year
Limestone
Dolomite
Chalk
Total
Calcination
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
6 357
6 536
6 799
6 003
5 911
5 945
5 862
2 577
4 842
5 401
9 867
9 625
8 915
9 684
8 614
8 456
8 776
8 713
8 437
4 408
6 764
7 478
7 557
(a) 4 797
(a) 4 925
(b) 3 766
(b) 3 906
(b) 2 897
(b) 2 721
2 459
2 885
2 256
831
1 401
2 262
1 666
(a) Comprises material included in the total which, after calcination,

was used for industrial purposes as lime or dolomitic lime.
Excludes small amounts for agricultural purposes.
(b) Including small amounts used for agricultural purposes but
excluded from the total.
54
Great Britain production of limestone, dolomite and chalk for industrial uses by end-use, 20002012
Thousand tonnes
Year
Iron and steel

making (a)
Chemicals (a)
Glass making
Special fillers
Asphalt fillers
Building
materials
Water and effluent

treatment and
pollution control (a)
Total (a)
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
4 390
4 319
4 089
2 822
3 035
3 583
2 960
1 864
2 630
102
1 079
1 086
278
233
280
200
212
210
1 759
1 131
983
991
928
834
912
1 245
192
211
164
325
149
126
116
105
95
85
94
474
957
577
624
698
529
122
332
381
559
1 144
1 384
1 154
1 362
233
1 216
1 402
9 867
9 625
8 915
9 686
8 615
8 457
8 776
8 714
8 439
4 408
6 766
7 477
7 556
(a) Including material for calcination.
Great Britain production of limestone, dolomite and chalk for calcination by end-use, 20002012
Thousand tonnes
Year
Agriculture
Iron and Steel
Chemicals
Building
materials
Others
Total
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2
11
2 301
1 248
1 228
1 353
1 463
1 460
1 230
1 220
1 113
903
1 864
2 630
1 922
1 858
474
957
537
158
90
4 799
4 936
3 766
3 906
2 897
2 721
2 459
2 885
2 256
831
1 401
2 262
1 666
Great Britain production of limestone, dolomite and chalk for iron and steel making, 20002012
Thousand tonnes
Year
Limestone
Dolomite and
chalk
Total
Calcination (a)
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2 500
1 844
1 866
1 948
1 592
1 745
4 390
4 319
4 089
2 822
3 035
3 583
2 960
2 301
1 248
1 228
1 353
1 463
1 460
1 230
1 220
1 113
903
(a) Comprises material included in the total which, after

calcination, was used as lime or dolomitic lime.
55
England production of limestone by end-use 20002012

Thousand tonnes
Year
For constructional uses (a)
For other uses
Total
Roadstone
Building
stone
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011 (a)
2012 (a)
278
168
145
160
369
298
392
Sold For coating Uncoated Surface

coated
at remote
dressing
plants
chippings
4 079
3 726
3 597
3 829
4 486
4 758
4 033
3 342
2 714
1 755
1 373
3 363
4 956
3 755
3 720
1 918
2 536
2 406
2 765
3 499
18 648
20 502
13 931
14 586
13 029
12 618
13 681
13 855
10 525
8 983
7 778
6 668
6 333
1 015
794

(b) For filler in asphalt and as mine dust.
(c) For other fillers, powders and whitings (e.g. in animal feed,
polymers, paint, paper and pharmaceuticals).
Railway Concrete
ballast aggregate
2
394
10 654
16 457
15 985
15 925
11 949
10 732
11 605
13 043
12 716
10 700
9 114
8 759
8 837

and graded
uses
7 863
6 604
6 681
6 605
5 033
4 908
4 152
7 952
5 863
23 897
19 545
21 697
17 627
18 760
16 720
15 142
13 633
12 967
8 056
4 843
6 524
7 294
Armour- Agricul- Iron and

stone & tural use
steel
Gabion
94
126
279
256
322
189
171
154
244
537
561
524
700
686
544
623
748
654
908
846
1 279
988
1 620
1 382
948
1 180
1 751
1 884
1 898
1 293
1 249
2 530
2 162
(d) For water & effluent treatment and pollution control.

Cement Chemical Building Environuses materials

mental
uses (d)
7 595
7 087
7 122
6 485
5 981
6 334
5 684
5 326
6 125
5 561
1 156
1 428
Glass
making
115
96
114
115
98
112
206
Asphalt
Other Other uses
filler (b) fillers (c)
109
107
209
113
88
68
1 313
1 013
848
717
667
615
633
975
2 983
3 045
3 103
74 954
79 902
73 528
69 507
72 173
67 325
67 356
67 378
60 738
48 751
47 569
49 772
46 976
Wales production of limestone by end-use 20002012

Thousand tonnes
Year
For other uses
Total
Roadstone
Building
stone
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011 (a)
2012 (a)
45
44
45
39
29
9
13
Sold For coating Uncoated Surface

coated
at remote
dressing
plants
chippings
912
866
953
1 260
454
345
310
206
328
341
210
2 177
1 731
1 280
1 756
1 416
1 474
1 495
1 584
1 357
1 472
1 351
964
920

Railway Concrete
ballast aggregate
3 375
4 299
4 115
2 977
1 829
2 011
1 770
1 831
1 701
Other
screened
and graded
uses
1 912
1 909
1 767
926
560
914
1 786
6 676
4 802
4 761
3 845
3 142
3 471
4 460
4 222
1 221
1 401
1 352
1 451
Armour- Agriculstone & tural use

Gabion
25
106
101
133
99
100
85
89
85
118
121
Iron and
steel
880
565
643
565

(e) BGS estimate.

mental
uses (d)
887
1 238
1 142
1 491
1 238
746
818
1 037
Glass
making
Asphalt
Other
12
8
11
Other
uses
15 543
14 238
12 850
13 208
12 926
12 759
13 707
14 549
12 114
8 131
7 878
7 897
7 938
Scotland production of limestone by end-use 20002012

Thousand tonnes
Year
For other uses
Total
Roadstone
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011(a)
2012(a)
Building
stone
Sold
coated
26
30
77
44
For coating Uncoated Surface

at remote
dressing
plants
chippings
90
127
96
104
112
103
77
85
78
117
105
150
74

Railway Concrete
ballast aggregate
17
24
12
4
9
26
31
27
13
Other Other con- Armour- Agricul- Iron and

screened structional stone & tural use
steel
and graded
uses Gabion
29
30
39
136
71
53
15
149
126
119
98
79
111
128
23
28
21
26
35
12
148
174
136
113
163

(e) BGS estimate.

mental
uses (d)
1 218
1 160
1 248
1 210
1 216
1 042
705
Glass
making
Asphalt
Other Other uses
1 722
1 733
1 635
1 730
1 746
1 746
1 534
1 555
1 473
1 210
1 072
1 251
1 120
Great Britain consumption of dolomite, limestone and lime in iron and steel production, 19772012
Thousand tonnes
Year
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Dolomite, incl. calcined dolomite (dolime)
Limestone
Lime
Blast
furnaces
and sinter
plants
Steel
furnaces
Other
purposes
Blast
furnaces
and sinter
plants
Steel
furnaces
Other
purposes
Steel
Furnaces
Other
purposes
643
647
859
389
400
280
400
405
425
333
405
477
430
410
323
391
276
201
67
59
42
3
5
1
7
8
8
3
0
183
184
166
145
156
127
383
192
183
323
182
308
255
298
310
284
270
275
319
315
287
264
246
238
264
316
397
462
492
364
337
254
215
246
260
243
262
291
254
224
243
217
174
1 487
1 399
1 090
611
1 031
888
1 164
1 143
1 562
1 494
1 827
1 948
2 062
1 992
2 124
2 033
2 077
2 236
2 318
2 225
2 445
2 411
2 408
2 166
1 889
1 684
2 019
2 068
1 951
2 028
1 822
1 664
1 095
948
932
912
252
106
116
7
2
2
1
1
1 175
1 227
1 323
663
911
799
865
824
801
680
761
810
822
778
696
682
719
767
787
744
751
739
698
660
561
501
530
584
593
631
585
496
378
371
395
379
14
Source: Iron and Steel Statistics Bureau.

This table shows the consumption of fluxes used in iron and steelmaking. Dolomite and limestone are used in blast furnaces and in sinter plants,
whilst lime and calcined dolomite, or dolime, are used in steelmaking. These figures do not entirely agree with those shown elsewhere for the
production of limestone, dolomite and chalk for iron and steelmaking, even allowing for the conversion of lime and dolime to carbonate.
59
Great Britain production of dolomite (a) by end-use 20002012

Thousand tonnes
Year
Building
stone
Constructional
use
Agricultural
use (b)
Other
uses (b)
Total
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
15
34
9
7
8
(c)
(c)
11 409
12 381
11 839
10 391
10 832
10 283
5 898
3 918
1 954
3 222
(d) 3 124
(d) 3 611
13 069
14 314
12 946
12 226
11 514
12 100
7 622
5 510
3 164
4 540
4 490
4 896
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
Data also included in table for Limestone.

Including material for calcination.
Included in constructional use.
Including building stone.
England production of chalk by end-use 20002012

Thousand tonnes
Year
Cement
Constructional
use
Agricultural
use
Industrial
uses
Total
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
(a) 6 288
5 111
5 550
5 360
5 177
683
925
904
561
705
795
681
698
497
530
312
276
327
352
9 213
8 205
8 587
8 066
7 997
7 105
7 376
7 565
5 874
4 047
3 626
3 996
3 473
(a) BGS estimate.
60
Lithium
Commodity
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Tonnes
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
thousand
Lithium
Imports
Oxide and hydroxide
Carbonate
466
536
914
622
218
427
215
376
119
344
1 764
1 804
3 743
2 477
1 138
1 546
1 213
1 664
1 034
1 573
Exports
Oxide and hydroxide
Carbonate
232
216
569
193
144
123
7
50
41
102
494
377
2 268
671
667
315
279
273
320
515
2009
2010
2011
2012
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
5 675
1 413
3 963
973
Magnesia
Commodity
2008
Tonnes
Magnesia
Imports
Dolomite
Magnesite
MagnesiaDead burned
Caustic-calcined
Other
Kieserite
Magnesite or chrome-magnesite
refractory bricks and shapes (b)(c)
Exports
Dolomite (a)
Magnesite
MagnesiaDead burned
Caustic-calcined
Other
Kieserite
Magnesite or chrome-magnesite
refractory bricks and shapes (b)(c)
thousand
146 620
7 016
149 802
3 567
149 695
8 640
144 280
7 903
105 741
5 059
4 954
906
4 612
556
4 961
1 438
14 239
40 402
4 659
14 047
8 178
32 537
3 158
11 610
5 716
37 527
5 833
18 284
6 235
40 534
5 494
11 158
15 493
48 557
6 280
15 082
4 028
7 824
4 186
2 506
3 378
8 136
3 628
2 437
3 216
10 992
5 624
3 960
3
11
5
2
388
590
563
951
6 077
11 169
5 473
3 231
29 876
18 981
25 057
31 338
28 103
19 800
13 369
16 516
21 724
20 423
4 786
316
3 438
518
2 675
470
1 078
745
320
1 163
249
169
245
583
227
464
111
752
28
1 258
1 287
1 778
10 582
137
902
1 703
7 057
22
1 729
4 927
7 841
42
2 270
19 316
6 456
48
942
8 082
5 845
26
713
1 064
10 411
44
612
1 543
7 763
12
869
3 642
8 545
27
1 632
6 512
7 617
16
490
2 587
7 022
14
1 364
651
459
1 525
3 235
2 091
1 156
792
1 123
2 014
(a) Crude.
(b) Fired bricks and shapes only: unfired (chemically bonded)
products excluded.
(c) Including dolomite bricks.
61
Magnesium
Commodity
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Tonnes
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
thousand
Magnesium
Imports
Ferro-silico-magnesium
Scrap
Unwrought
Unwrought alloys
Wrought
1 614
1 685
3 813
3 618
4 750
512
748
1 763
2 386
3 576
931
875
3 171
4 252
6 631
1 328
847
2 810
4 521
6 893
1 360
702
3 233
5 719
6 276
1 744
816
8 700
8 351
16 710
536
380
3 740
6 222
13 762
1 006
819
6 231
9 054
22 348
1 583
767
6 507
10 651
24 407
1 294
455
7 206
12 618
23 520
Exports
Scrap
Unwrought
Unwrought alloys
Wrought
976
2 222
38
4 062
1 333
458
1 937
13
2 470
674
366
3 143
209
1 872
626
338
3 976
175
2 110
855
327
4 273
60
2 230
827
1 231
4 439
220
14 155
5 856
709
3 665
242
13 412
5 109
457
6 179
564
11 007
4 301
550
7 360
519
13 536
6 164
485
7 694
301
16 810
5 937
2009
2010
2011
2012
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Manganese
Commodity
2008
Tonnes
Manganese
Industry
Ore
Ferro-manganese
Ferro-silico-manganese
Imports
Ores & Concentrates (b)
Ferro-manganese
Scrap
Unwrought
Wrought
Oxides
Exports
Ores & Concentrates
Ferro-manganese
Oxides
Metal (c)
thousand
4 100
93 990
22 940
20 500
69 770
17 030
67 560
16 490
65 870
16 080
66 320
16 180
120 000
68 000
72 000
73 000
64 000
4 133
96 461
52 966
751
7 895
126
7 913
941
49 700
37 114
83
3 295
746
5 438
1 517
46 985
49 280
155
4 499
1 965
9 344
1 656
39 159
51 928
102
4 329
1 013
12 323
1 597
47 706
36 661
54
3 417
250
11 482
1 045
130 012
59 497
1 528
15 160
535
3 348
613
45 265
24 468
172
4 488
1 380
3 009
678
47 612
42 091
285
7 178
3 664
4 433
828
36 925
41 491
222
9 039
2 090
6 064
878
36 963
27 725
96
6 118
498
6 030
244
1 210
49
4 571
3 200
65
963
65
1 768
2 200
97
8 361
52
4 173
2 000
129
819
132
5 315
2 100
101
658
7 503
4 309
1 600
207
1 293
27
1 597
6 400
90
933
59
1 289
4 600
62
8 522
55
1 714
4 100
112
1 210
75
2 995
5 600
450
848
1 320
2 646
3 800

(b) Including manganiferous iron ore.
(c) BGS estimates, based on known imports into certain countries.
62
Marble
Commodity
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Tonnes
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
thousand
Marble
Imports
Dimension stoneUnworked
Worked
Crushed and powdered
37 444
114 870
233 499
26 787
100 648
177 802
21 339
92 078
190 740
20 655
88 210
190 848
17 548
99 130
174 935
21 150
74 273
12 482
16 466
70 696
8 586
15 556
59 417
10 558
14 965
53 335
12 085
11 446
63 383
11 058
Exports
Dimension stoneUnworked
Worked
Crushed and powdered
1 019
2 934
2 637
728
1 603
1 723
822
1 332
830
698
965
798
402
1 224
783
264
5 292
484
493
3 294
317
1 221
3 310
271
805
1 967
263
364
2 322
176
2009
2010
2011
2012
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Mercury
Commodity
2008
Tonnes
thousand
Mercury
Imports
Elemental
22
21
57
29
71
14
73
Exports
Elemental
179
102
741
194
263
37
2009
2010
2011
2012
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Mica
Commodity
2008
Tonnes
thousand
Mica
Imports
Crude (a)
Ground
Waste
Worked
377
7 061
2 030
1 310
328
6 396
49
604
43
7 341
902
654
243
7 926
0
878
407
9 203
0
840
129
2 308
336
5 357
139
1 862
4
5 023
20
2 225
245
4 317
99
2 360
12
4 852
290
2 915
4
4 459
Exports
Crude (a)
Ground
Waste
Worked
14
4 735
...
690
4
3 928
12
650
12
4 125
...
706
4
4 234
...
926
0
3 639
0
601
28
3 612
...
8 310
2
3 741
11
6 395
5
3 679
...
7 595
12
3 527
...
9 289
2
3 265
1
7 686
(a) Including sheets or splitting.
63
Molybdenum
Commodity
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Tonnes
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
thousand
Molybdenum
Industry (a)
2 700
940
1 330
1 740
1 650
Apparent consumption (a)(b)
4 000
1 400
2 100
4 300
2 700
Imports
Roasted molybdenite concentrates
Other ores and concentrates
Ferro-molybdenum
Scrap
Powders
Unwrought
Wrought
13 075
2 055
369
846
69
102
69
1 433
8 486
521
325
469
153
50
34
510
12 359
222
322
815
147
69
68
1 638
15 844
0
573
787
192
56
380
2 316
15 701
340
458
861
179
163
284
1 971
312 431
45 898
9 489
22 499
3 060
3 855
4 158
32 752
91 550
6 401
4 028
6 494
2 714
1 216
1 424
4 450
156 244
2 601
5 292
14 078
3 127
1 821
2 969
21 771
211 067
0
8 950
14 189
4 949
1 626
4 797
30 719
170 124
3 599
5 648
15 252
4 212
3 240
2 402
21 598
Exports
Roasted molybdenite concentrates
Other ores and concentrates
Ferro-molybdenum
Scrap
Powders
Unwrought
Wrought
3
61
11 283
217
2
22
3
32
7 634
356
53
3
21
288
17
11 248
490
31
13
37
3
0
12 948
299
48
7
49
32
0
12 421
280
52
4
39
72
1 145
284 904
5 848
34
54
2 197
30
130
87 193
4 490
745
61
1 476
3 559
80
168 557
7 061
1 000
308
1 879
30
0
184 969
5 236
1 477
228
2 434
404
4
162 717
3 888
1 486
193
1 611
2009
2010
2011
2012
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
(a) Metal content.

(b) BGS estimates; see explanatory notes.
Nepheline syenite
Commodity
2008
Tonnes
Nepheline syenite
Imports
Exports
thousand
44 275
32 462
39 092
35 573
30 744
4 355
3 516
4 038
4 475
3 128
902
204
291
337
403
520
62
83
101
116
64
Nickel
Commodity
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Tonnes
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
thousand
Nickel
Production (a)
40 800
17 800
31 600
37 400
34 300
Consumption
Iron and steel industry (b)
Other (b)(c)
Total (b)(d)
12 140
20 000
32 400
7 980
3 000
11 400
9 540
11 000
20 470
11 770
7 000
18 600
10 360
8 000
18 700
Imports
Mattes, sinters etc.
Ash and residues
Scrap
Ores & concentrates
Ferro-nickel
Unwrought
Unwrought alloys
Oxides
63 553
0
10 291
241
16 520
16 888
3 210
13
25 929
...
9 593
150
2 777
8 003
3 596
1
50 263
...
8 154
16
6 284
14 200
3 310
6
58 519
10
6 741
1
13 888
12 707
4 644
5
57 108
0
9 237
0
17 916
11 521
4 771
6
3 550
6
53 910
3 550
44 805
182 155
38 922
158
177 459
...
32 297
1 701
6 221
75 146
39 009
31
509 294
...
43 239
165
22 518
199 286
41 797
142
612 378
1 497
46 529
16
51 589
193 423
66 642
172
451 142
3
58 870
7
57 312
130 650
68 600
113
Exports
Mattes, sinters etc.
Ash and residues
Ores & concentrates
Scrap
Ferro-nickel
Unwrought
Unwrought alloys
Oxides
26
13 588
61
18 229
81
26 235
4 378
19
107
6 450
182
12 693
18
15 834
4 753
8
389
8 995
54
19 361
15
18 639
4 530
2
157
10 789
51
17 405
49
28 994
6 025
2
111
10 503
55
33 614
539
30 322
6 711
2
902
74 891
381
74 878
1 779
324 550
72 035
316
617
24 272
2 322
39 925
350
142 166
68 164
157
1 283
80 198
974
66 581
327
258 660
75 753
87
1 502
104 565
1 084
83 488
385
416 592
111 615
79
1 652
66 965
856
96 819
477
348 945
114 078
100
(a) Nickel content of refinery products.

(b) Metal content.
(c) Not independently recorded; obtained by subtraction. Believed to
include stocks.
(d) Including the nickel content of ferro-nickel and other smelter products.
Niobium (see Tantalum and Niobium)

Peat
Commodity
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Thousand cubic metres

Peat
Production
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
thousand
760
887
1 004
825
568
Imports
Peat and agglomerated peat
430 590
448 001
622 917
639 755
563 343
26 555
25 285
33 268
36 665
36 986
Exports
Peat and agglomerated peat
41 645
42 965
51 867
53 505
55 276
4 859
7 546
6 647
7 423
6 850
Tonnes
65
Perlite
Commodity
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Tonnes
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
thousand
Perlite
Imports
45 064
36 315
(v) 58 456
(v) 98 437
(v) 66 298
3 304
2 675
(v) 5 357
(v) 12 950
(v) 8 508
Exports
702
414
(v) 1 059
(v) 1 116
(v) 1 228
74
90
(v) 822
(v) 825
(v) 845
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
(v) Figure also includes perlite and chlorites.
Petroleum (also see Primary fuels)

Commodity
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Tonnes
thousand
Petroleum
Production
Crude petroleum
Condensates and other (a)
Refined petroleum products
65 497 000
6 168 000
80 563 000
62 820 000
5 378 000
74 828 000
58 047 000
4 915 000
72 977 000
48 571 000
3 401 000
74 707 000
42 052 000
2 508 000
68 690 000
Consumption (inland deliveries)

of refined products
Used as fuelsRefineries
Power Generation
Elsewhere
Not used as fuels
Total
4 706 000
1 845 000
59 667 000
8 399 000
74 616 000
4 304 000
1 688 000
57 142 000
7 610 000
70 744 000
4 378 000
1 177 000
56 750 000
7 675 000
69 980 000
4 586 000
792 000
55 706 000
7 206 000
68 291 000
4 255 000
807 000
55 103 000
6 465 000
66 631 000
52 103 843
50 656 965
50 447 008
53 647 056
56 471 508 20 537 880 14 519 898 19 489 775 28 080 175 30 309 019
26 175 761
26 122 966
26 913 407
26 595 080
10 540 341 12 769 749 9 287 712 11 996 861 15 786 493
43 354 245
43 550 953
41 591 305
34 304 184
33 679 090 16 674 142 12 536 388 15 840 899 17 100 556 17 913 368
31 936 044
32 271 444
31 346 754
32 980 472
Imports
Crude petroleum
Partly refined petroleum and
refined products
Exports
Crude petroleum
Partly refined petroleum and
refined products
5 230 749 13 373 616 10 482 121 13 746 412 18 818 633
6 584 613
3 190 550
(a) Including ethane, propane and butane, in addition to condensates.
Oil and gas field statistics

United Kingdom production data for onshore and offshore crude petroleum and natural gas by field are provided by the Department of Energy and Climate Change.
To view these data please visit: https://www.gov.uk/oil-and-gas-uk-field-data.
66
Natural gas
Commodity
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Tonnes
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
thousand
Natural gas
Production
Methane
Colliery (a)
Offshore and onshore (a)
63 000
69 617 000
67 000
59 670 000
63 000
57 124 000
58 000
45 233 000
61 000
38 873 000
Consumption (b)
92 773 000
86 441 000
93 520 000
77 628 000
73 255 000
Imports
Liquefied natural gas (c)
Natural gas in gaseous state (c)
Total (c)
Other natural gas (d)
766 298
33 229 849
33 996 147
1 046 202
9 508 135
29 055 363
38 563 499
533 498
17 522 810
32 458 908
49 981 718
568 388
23 278 977
26 416 914
49 695 891
546 281
12 715 376
33 285 481
46 000 857 6 425 000
481 319
465 986
4 775 000
164 980
7 120 000
255 576
9 630 000
308 636
9 830 000
281 460
Exports
Liquefied natural gas and
natural gas in gaseous state (c)
Other natural gas (d)
9 543 217
3 295 288
11 160 939
2 798 642
14 461 473
2 584 168
15 239 637
2 332 695
11 325 170 1 945 000

2 325 469 1 318 884
1 420 000
865 965
1 990 000
1 181 234
3 115 000
1 277 730
3 075 000
1 312 781
(a) Oil equivalent: converted from original data at 397 therms = 1 tonne.
(b) Tonnes oil equivalent: excluding minor consumption for non-energy use.
(c) Tonnes of oil equivalent, converted from GWh using 85.985 tonnes
of oil equivalent to 1 GWh. Source: Department of Energy and Climate
Change.
(d) Includes propane, liquefied propane, butane, liquefied butane, ethylene,

gaseous hydrocarbons.
67
Phosphorus
Commodity
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Tonnes
Phosphorus
Industry
Ferro-phosphorus
Imports
Phosphate rock
Amonium phosphates
Superphosphates
Other phosphatic fertilisers
Elemental phosphorus
Phosphoric acids
Calcium phosphates
Sodium phosphates and
orthophosphates
Polyphosphates including
ammonium and sodium
Exports
Phosphate rock
Ammonium phosphates
Superphosphates
Other phosphatic fertilisers
Elemental phosphorus
Phosphoric acids
Calcium phosphates
Sodium phosphates and
orthophosphates
Polyphosphates including
ammonium and sodium
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
thousand
1 160
860
840
820
820
28 971
105 024
126 083
24 870
0
110 067
79 069
5 600
102 567
126 402
4 986
108
77 210
81 205
9 873
109 084
219 783
11 266
152
90 655
68 902
15 885
98 794
166 269
9 560
1 585
87 356
86 333
15 314
108 350
124 791
10 888
3 932
83 186
90 653
3 604
48 306
53 975
5 319
36
64 480
32 904
865
27 488
21 044
443
734
51 989
26 146
1 020
36 326
51 763
1 395
324
45 147
22 009
1
42
57
1
3
51
35
602
713
417
397
352
810
390
1 959
43 421
39 431
1 658
8 970
44 563
36 379
16 482
14 249
11 258
12 005
10 829
17 662
14 639
10 362
11 198
10 277
29 107
27 030
28 450
28 853
24 832
25 957
21 591
21 318
26 133
22 760
759
31 217
...
...
100
4 020
5 704
514
179
236
17
0
3 554
3 506
615
170
235
42
16
3 251
2 459
573
317
1 147
139
4
2 347
3 716
60
197
35
76
13
3 616
3 171
622
20 978
23
...
132
4 991
4 466
353
392
104
27
12
3 851
3 017
634
363
68
40
55
2 605
1 981
359
497
376
38
52
2 207
2 704
79
502
41
155
146
2 850
2 517
2 443
1 326
1 389
694
1 147
2 950
2 021
2 147
1 472
1 653
15 790
11 765
8 666
4 285
3 259
18 665
15 541
9 716
5 465
4 260
2010
2011
2012
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
432 806
135 692
252 822
696 282
568 901
214 272
114 883
435 759
1 866 543
728 069
219 027
475 114
1 567 856
630 010
179 756
792 811
1 631 810
784 502
72 704
765 455
55 1 069 051
56
329 534
19 1 047 491
1 067
84 625
954 655
284 178
271 233
50 605
787 176
455 590
416 542
62 151
1 272 690
744 465
354 043
38 349
1 731 992
749 089
338 769
87 674
Platinum group metals

Commodity
2008
2009
Tonnes
thousand
Platinum group metals

Imports
Unwrought or partly workedPlatinum
Palladium
Other platinum metals
Waste & scrap
30
33
5
1 417
30
37
7
1 100
59
73
9
820
46
42
8
1 557
Exports
Unwrought or partly workedPlatinum
Palladium
Other platinum metals
Waste & scrap
41
47
23
4 279
43
53
20
4 273
24
43
23
528
38
51
17
287
68
54
60
4
2 164
Potassium compounds
Commodity
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Tonnes
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
thousand
Potassium compounds
Indigenous production
KCl product
673 000 (a) 700 000 (a) 700 000 (a) 770 000 (a) 900 000
Apparent consumption
Potassic fertilisers
(K2O content) (b)
254 700 (a) 134 000 (a) 327 000 (a) 205 000 (a) 230 000
Imports
Sulphate
Chloride
Other potassic fertilisers
15 157
165 331
11 919
15 766
80 842
10 422
15 766
270 096
10 565
13 232
153 141
2 373
10 795
161 388
7 899
4 423
...
2 364
6 380
33 207
1 450
4 068
71 094
1 471
4 751
49 041
508
4 228
46 531
677
Exports
Sulphate
Chloride (c)
Other potassic fertilisers
93
244 300
562
443
205 600
228
71
339 000
420
108
429 000
5 283
118
440 000
15 732
42
102 000
487
311
80 000
261
75
102 000
513
54
112 000
1 473
164
106 000
2 460
(a) BGS estimates.

(b) Home deliveries plus imports.
(c) BGS estimates, based on known imports into certain countries.
Precious and semi-precious stones

Commodity
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Tonnes
Precious and semi-precious stones
(excluding diamond) (a)
Imports
Natural stones
Synthetic stones
Dust and powder
Exports
Natural stones
Synthetic stones
Dust and powder
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
thousand
97
69
2
124
66
1
416
84
4
319
103
5
347
39
3
105 565
5 184
686
94 979
4 048
352
126 780
4 638
382
135 843
5 609
572
133 752
5 490
605
3
5
9
5
1
6
11
24
8
9
20
1
41
26
6
100 384
3 381
560
80 485
10 250
519
106 276
6 182
701
137 162
3 033
352
136 544
3 116
546
(a) Unworked, cut or otherwise worked, but not mounted, set or strung.
69
Primary fuels
United Kingdom production of primary fuels 19862012 (energy supplied basis)
Million tonnes of oil equivalent (a)
Year
Coal
Petroleum
Natural
gas (b)
Nuclear
electricity
Hydroelectricity (c)
Total (d)
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
66
63
63
61
56
58
52
42
30
33
31
30
26
23
20
20
19
18
16
13
11
11
11
11
11
12
11
139
135
126
100
100
100
104
110
139
143
142
140
145
150
138
128
127
116
105
93
84
84
79
75
69
57
49
42
44
42
41
46
51
52
61
65
71
84
86
90
99
108
106
104
103
96
88
80
72
70
60
57
45
39
15
14
17
18
16
17
19
22
21
21
22
23
23
22
20
21
20
20
18
18
17
14
12
15
14
16
15
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
3
262
257
249
221
219
227
227
235
257
270
282
282
287
298
289
277
273
260
238
217
197
186
177
167
158
137
122
(a) Based on a standard tonne of oil equivalent equal to 397 therms.

(b) Including colliery methane.
(c) Including, from 1988, other renewable primary electricity sources
(wind, etc.).
(d) Including, from 1988, small amounts of primary heat sources

(solar, geothermal, etc.), solid renewable sources (wood, waste, etc.)
and gaseous renewable sources (landfill gas, sewage gas, etc.).
70
United Kingdom consumption of energy (primary fuel input) 19862012 (energy supplied basis)
Million tonnes of oil equivalent (a)
Year
Coal
Petroleum
Natural
gas (b)
Nuclear
electricity
Hydroelectricity (c)
Net imports
of electricity
Total (d)
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
70
72
70
67
67
67
63
55
51
50
46
41
41
36
38
41
38
40
39
40
43
41
38
31
33
32
41
71
69
74
75
77
77
78
78
77
76
76
74
75
76
77
76
73
73
75
78
77
76
74
71
70
68
67
53
54
51
49
51
55
55
63
65
71
83
84
87
93
96
96
94
95
97
94
89
90
93
86
94
78
73
15
14
17
18
16
17
19
22
21
21
22
22
23
22
20
21
20
20
18
18
17
14
12
15
14
16
15
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
0
1
0
0
1
1
210
211
213
211
214
220
217
221
218
221
231
225
231
231
234
237
230
231
234
236
233
227
225
211
219
203
207
(a) Based on a standard tonne of oil equivalent equal to 397 therms.

(b) Including colliery methane.
(c) Including, from 1988, other renewable primary electricity sources
(wind, etc.).
(d) Including, from 1988, small amounts of primary heat sources

(solar, geothermal, etc.), solid renewable sources (wood, waste, etc.)
and gaseous renewable sources (landfill gas, sewage gas, etc.).
71
Pumice
Commodity
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Tonnes
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
thousand
Pumice
Imports
2 259
1 668
2 062
2 067
1 255
2 013
1 130
1 183
810
512
Exports
76
307
704
136
87
293
534
997
448
129
2009
2010
2011
2012
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Pyrite
Commodity
2008
Tonnes
thousand
Pyrite
Imports
Iron pyrites (incl.cupreous)Unroasted
Roasted
704
693
104
232
2 581
1 734
598
168
150
153
98
38
67
1 333
502
138
148
25
Exports
Iron pyrites (incl.cupreous)Unroasted
Roasted
161
90
21
0
2
28
40
10
27
16
5
15
62
10
5
15
53
5
258
7
2009
2010
2011
2012
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Quartz and quartzite

Commodity
2008
Tonnes
Quartz and quartzite

Imports
Quartzite
Quartz
Exports
Quartzite
Quartz
thousand
353
4 036
318
1 989
92
4 015
161
6 108
386
7 739
324
3 140
213
2 372
137
4 013
171
6 075
252
8 119
99
657
25
832
34
1 045
0
744
2
488
102
344
14
1 115
20
771
9
607
5
459
72
Radioactive and associated materials

Commodity
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Tonnes
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
thousand
Radioactive and associated materials

Imports
Natural and enriched uranium,
plutonium, artificial radioactive
isotopes, and their compounds
...
...
...
...
... 1 130 734
1 330 313
1 258 131
1 273 267
1 260 640
Exports
Natural and enriched uranium,
isotopes, and their compounds
plutonium, artificial radioactive
...
...
...
...
... 1 626 085
1 808 150
2 113 690
1 692 614
1 752 845
2009
2010
2011
2009
2010
2011
2012
Rare earths
Commodity
2008
2012
Tonnes
Rare earths
Imports
Metals (a)
Cerium compounds
Other rare earth compounds (b)
Ferro-cerium & other pyrophoric
alloys
2008
thousand
133
2 067
251
99
612
103
119
1 119
322
79
1 713
629
65
485
518
1 297
5 802
3 461
907
1 932
3 648
2 231
4 694
3 999
2 300
24 746
8 282
3 574
6 061
8 458
57
148
150
79
14
109
210
173
146
217
237
73
622
54
105
459
46
182
614
272
149
347
54
273
214
798
1 257
2 673
503
1 692
2 606
1 158
2 349
5 033
1 702
2 409
6 094
1 188
3 925
3 782
37
48
79
86
113
439
136
488
2009
2010
2011
2012
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Exports
Metals (a)
Cerium compounds
Other rare earth compounds (b)
Ferro-cerium & other pyrophoric
alloys
(a) Including yttrium and scandium.

(b) Including yttrium and scandium compounds.
Salt
Commodity
2008
Tonnes
Salt
Production
thousand
5 565 000
6 166 000
6 666 000
6 060 000
6 152 000
Imports
237 288
410 434
1 288 253
1 814 865
418 028
21 973
30 365
64 295
89 009
48 319
Exports
873 708
449 303
450 246
489 633
396 155
33 995
31 509
35 354
41 551
38 516
73
Sand and gravel (see also Aggregates)

Commodity
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Tonnes
Sand and gravel
Production
Sand & gravel (a)
Consumption
Building sand (c)
Concreting sand (c)
Gravel and hoggin (c)
Imports
Exports (d)
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
thousand
85 473 000
66 226 000
61 700 000 (b)63 100 000 (b)56 600 000
10 595 000
26 885 000
34 648 000
Total (c) 72 127 000
7 941 000
21 570 000
26 199 000
55 709 000
7 710 000
20 947 000
19 052 000
54 330 000
7 549 000
22 591 000
24 875 000
55 015 000
7 391 000
24 297 000
22 943 000
60 335 000
647 603
444 725
343 749
357 607
519 089
16 043
12 212
10 874
12 455
16 436
7 747 635
6 236 662
6 081 730
5 413 300
4 572 346
50 027
48 688
44 819
45 163
36 053
(a) Including production from marine dredging.

(c) Great Britain: production for the home market including landings
of marine dredged materials at British ports.
(d) Principally marine dredged sand and gravel. Source: HM Revenue and
Customs. However, the Crown Estate Commissioners give the following
figures for marine dredged sand and gravel landed at foreign ports (tonnes):
2008: 6 211 703; 2009: 5 660 522; 2010: 5 192 348; 2011: 6 098 020;
2012: 4 548 675.
Great Britain production of sand and gravel by end-use 2012

(total production 50 million tonnes)
Sand, gravel and

hoggin for fill
Building sand
for asphalt
Building sand
for mortar
Gravel for
other uses
Gravel for
concrete
aggregate
Concreting
sand
Gravel,
coated
74
United Kingdom production of sand and gravel 19902012

Million tonnes
Year
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Land-based production
Marine-dredged
Total
Great
Britain
(a)
Northern
Ireland
(b)
Total
For home
market
(a)
For
export
(c)
Total
production
United
Kingdom
99.0
85.5
78.3
79.4
86.3
78.0
70.5
74.4
73.0
74.8
74.9
74.6
69.9
68.1
73.1
69.4
66.3
64.7
59.5
46.1
45.0
43.8
39.8
4.0
3.8
3.7
4.3
5.1
5.3
5.3
5.1
5.3
5.5
5.1
6.2
5.5
4.9
5.1
5.8
5.2
8.1
7.1
4.9
2.2
(d) 2.0
(d) 2.0
103.0
89.3
82.0
83.7
91.5
83.3
75.7
79.5
78.3
80.3
80.0
80.8
75.4
73.0
78.1
75.2
71.5
72.8
66.6
51.0
47.2
45.8
41.8
17.2
12.4
10.6
10.1
11.3
11.6
11.5
12.0
13.0
13.4
14.4
13.6
12.8
12.1
13.0
13.0
14.0
13.8
12.6
9.6
9.3
11.2
10.2
3.8
4.6
6.3
6.2
6.6
6.8
6.7
6.9
7.0
7.2
7.3
7.0
6.2
6.1
6.1
6.5
6.7
6.6
6.2
5.7
5.2
6.1
4.5
21.0
17.0
16.9
16.3
18.0
18.4
18.2
18.9
20.0
20.7
21.7
20.6
19.0
18.2
19.2
19.5
20.7
20.4
18.8
15.3
14.5
17.3
14.7
124.0
106.3
98.9
100.0
109.4
101.7
93.9
98.4
98.3
101.0
101.6
101.4
94.4
91.2
97.3
94.7
92.1
93.2
85.5
66.2
61.7
63.1
56.5
Sources:
(a) Office for National Statistics.
(b) Department of Enterprise, Trade & Investment.
(c) Crown Estate Commissioners.
(d) BGS estimate.
(e) These figures for marine-dredged sand and gravel used for
beach replenishment and contract fill may be included in
home market production, and have therefore not been
included in the totals.
75
For beach
replenishment (c) (e)
2.3
1.9
1.3
0.8
1.3
5.2
7.2
4.9
2.4
2.8
2.4
1.6
1.5
2.1
1.8
1.5
4.1
2.1
2.2
4.5
1.0
1.5
1.7
Great Britain production of sand and gravel by end-use and area of origin 2012
Thousand tonnes
Area of origin
Sand
Gravel
Building sand
Total
Concreting
sand
Coated
with a
bituminous
binder
Concrete
aggregate
Other
screened
& graded
gravels (c)
Sand,
gravel and
hoggin for
fill
For
asphalt
For use in
mortar
North East
Yorkshire and the Humber
East Midlands
East of England
South East
South West
West Midlands
North West
(a)
(a)
(a)
(a)
(a)
(a)
(a)
(a)
(a)
(a)
(a)
(a)
(a)
(a)
(a)
27
(a)
(a)
(a)
(a)
(a)
(a)
(a)
(a)
(a) 3 191
(a)
(a)
(a)
England
Land-won
Marine (b)
Total
(a)
(a) 4 527
(a) 16 860
(a) 11 421
(a) 4 480
(a) 4 406
33 229
9 680
(a) 42 909
Wales
Land-won
Marine (b)
Total
(a)
(a) 388
(a) 703
(a) 162
(a) 69
(a)
751
613
(a) 1 364
559
2 135
1 009
931
5 772
(a) 1 326
4 883
591
(a) 5 474
15 097
4 600
(a) 19 679
491
491
8 550
4 042
(a) 12 592
4 651
829
(a) 5 480
(a) 4 985
39 753
10 291
(a) 50 044
Scotland
Total
Great Britain
Land-won
Marine (b)
Total
(a) Including marine-dredged material.

(b) Excluding marine-dredged landings at foreign ports (exports).
(c) This heading is now believed to include material previously
classified as construction fill.
76
Great Britain production of sand and gravel (a) by region 19812012

Thousand tonnes
Year
North
East (b)
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2 798
2 685
3 087
3 062
2 717
2 863
2 932
3 291
3 802
3 951
3 017
2 732
2 856
3 268
3 086
2 909
3 109
3 056
3 117
2 003
1 566
1 344
1 254
1 576
1 575
1 471
1 411
1 288
1 110
1 150
North
Yorks. &
West (c) the Humber
3 043
3 410
3 730
4 080
3 823
4 036
4 006
4 156
4 709
4 641
4 243
3 894
4 028
4 843
4 529
3 792
4 294
3 579
3 801
4 003
3 402
3 890
5 220
3 992
3 674
3 599
3 592
2 813
2 121
1 841
(a) Including marine-dredged material.

(b) From 2000, excludes Cumbria.
(c) From 2000, includes Cumbria.
4 668
4 397
4 690
4 680
4 537
4 686
4 780
5 306
5 722
5 485
4 960
4 028
4 539
4 907
4 333
3 923
4 041
4 381
4 872
4 559
5 171
4 999
4 770
5 197
5 248
5 016
5 098
5 014
3 235
3 195
3 441
3 191
West
Midlands
8 109
9 892
9 847
10 827
10 728
10 486
11 095
14 138
14 020
12 581
10 698
9 976
10 345
12 207
10 722
9 633
9 966
9 721
9 901
9 879
9 894
9 159
9 590
9 401
9 250
9 396
10 025
10 476
6 397
6 074
6 418
East
East of
Midlands England (d)
9 217
9 100
10 470
10 604
10 609
11 743
13 348
15 603
15 892
14 051
12 683
12 072
12 364
12 860
11 556
10 827
10 899
10 416
10 216
10 253
9 716
9 608
9 842
10 906
9 235
8 979
8 485
7 477
5 798
5 503
6 532
7 026
7 581
6 934
7 540
7 547
8 306
11 361
10 145
8 762
7 288
6 456
5 962
6 947
6 550
5 623
5 899
5 979
6 395
15 637
15 694
15 317
14 381
15 461
15 561
13 588
13 283
12 060
9 980
9 711
South
East (e)
South
West
England
Wales
Scotland
Great
Britain
35 864
35 374
39 035
38 862
39 930
42 192
43 563
50 970
51 208
42 516
33 318
28 590
28 600
31 140
28 046
26 485
29 154
29 637
30 821
22 553
22 004
19 872
17 915
19 885
19 362
20 194
18 442
16 582
13 211
13 145
5 843
6 017
8 017
7 010
6 981
7 152
8 495
9 843
9 142
7 559
6 045
6 171
6 138
6 765
6 684
5 790
6 054
6 166
6 016
7 385
7 126
7 131
6 413
8 065
6 934
6 793
6 801
5 960
4 677
4 714
76 074
77 901
86 457
86 060
86 865
90 706
96 525
114 667
114 640
99 547
82 253
73 290
74 833
82 937
75 506
68 983
73 416
72 935
75 139
76 272
74 572
71 320
69 385
74 482
70 838
69 035
67 137
61 669
46 529
45 332
47 039
42 909
3 492
3 444
4 033
3 437
3 420
4 083
4 793
4 734
4 588
3 990
3 439
3 205
3 278
3 312
3 260
3 111
3 050
2 959
3 039
2 939
2 886
2 758
2 733
3 120
2 746
2 615
2 339
2 361
1 668
1 633
1 610
1 364
9 886
9 861
10 309
10 178
11 320
10 710
10 311
10 753
12 004
12 634
12 226
11 774
11 359
11 423
10 889
9 904
9 900
10 074
10 031
10 022
10 753
8 643
8 103
8 455
8 808
8 592
9 025
8 097
7 512
7 365
6 366
5 772
89 453
91 206
100 799
99 675
101 605
105 498
111 629
130 154
131 232
116 172
97 918
88 898
89 470
97 672
89 656
81 997
86 366
85 968
88 209
89 234
88 210
82 721
80 221
86 057
82 392
80 242
78 501
72 127
55 709
54 330
55 015
50 044
(d) From 2000, includes Essex, Hertfordshire and Bedfordshire.

(e) From 2000, excludes Essex, Hertfordshire and Bedfordshire.
77
England production of sand and gravel by end-use 19992012

Thousand tonnes
Year
Sand
Gravel
Building sand
1999
Land-won
Marine (a)
Total
2000
Land-won
Marine (a)
Total
2001
Land-won
Marine (a)
Total
2002
Land-won
Marine (a)
Total
2003
Land-won
Marine (a)
Total
2004
Land-won
Marine (a)
Total
2005
Land-won
Marine (a)
Total
2006
Land-won
Marine (a)
Total
2007
Land-won
Marine (a)
Total
2008
Land-won
Marine (a)
Total
2009
Land-won
Marine (a)
Total
2010
Land-won
Marine (a)
Total
2011
Land-won
Marine (a)
Total
2012
Land-won
Marine (a)
Total
Total
Concreting
sand
Coated
with a
bituminous
binder
Concrete
aggregate
Other
screened
& graded
gravels (b)
Sand,
gravel and
hoggin for
fill
For
asphalt
For use in
mortar
1 847
9 372
22 936
4 297
27 234
150
20 421
7 292
27 713
1 065
7 591
167
7 758
62 954
12 185
75 139
1 817
9 189
345
9 533
22 769
4 206
26 975
135
20 164
8 272
28 436
746
746
8 631
63 196
13 076
76 272
1 605
9 317
27 658
189
26 731
3 994
5 077
62 177
12 395
74 572
1 397
9 233
27 331
25 422
3 580
59 633
11 687
71 320
9 810
27 452
24 110
2 927
3 718
58 484
10 901
69 385
1 876
1 876
9 268
27 856
285
285
25 013
3 931
6 253
62 735
11 747
74 482
1 303
1 303
9 514
25 882
261
261
23 382
4 970
66
5 036
5 459
58 926
11 912
70 838
1 847
1 847
7 985
25 618
199
199
23 328
4 565
5 492
56 148
12 887
69 035
1 864
8 128
25 891
226
226
21 247
4 493
5 288
54 512
12 625
67 137
1 622
6 985
23 048
66
17 071
3 317
9 560
50 134
11 535
61 669
1 020
5 085
18 382
542
542
13 111
3 908
4 481
37 810
8 719
46 529
4 929
17 758
12 169
3 439
5 558
36 723
8 609
45 332
5 197
19 635
12 730
3 480
4 676
36 589
10 450
47 039
4 527
16 860
11 421
4 480
4 406
33 229
9 680
42 909
(a) Excluding marine-dredged landings at foreign ports (exports).

(b) From 2001, this heading is believed to include material previously
78
Wales production of sand and gravel by end-use 19992012

Thousand tonnes
Year
Sand
Gravel
Building sand
1999
Land-won
Marine (a)
Total
2000
Land-won
Marine (a)
Total
2001
Land-won
Marine (a)
Total
2002
Land-won
Marine (a)
Total
2003
Land-won
Marine (a)
Total
2004
Land-won
Marine (a)
Total
2005
Land-won
Marine (a)
Total
2006
Land-won
Marine (a)
Total
2007
Land-won
Marine (a)
Total
2008
Land-won
Marine (a)
Total
2009
Land-won
Marine (a)
Total
2010
Land-won
Marine (a)
Total
2011
Land-won
Marine (a)
Total
2012
Land-won
Marine (a)
Total
Total
Concreting
sand
Coated
with a
bituminous
binder
Concrete
aggregate
Other
screened
& graded
gravels (b)
Sand,
gravel and
hoggin for
fill
For
asphalt
For use in
mortar
37
789
683
543
1 226
453
175
628
354
3
357
1 800
1 240
3 039
331
620
951
502
489
991
404
164
568
386
3
389
1 658
1 280
2 939
16
1 120
923
524
116
116
187
1 670
1 216
2 886
862
1 140
487
134
1 613
1 145
2 758
987
1 073
430
107
1 503
1 230
2 733
16
688
1 364
526
142
142
384
1 871
1 249
3 120
974
824
450
262
262
206
1 634
1 112
2 746
954
978
280
206
206
179
1 528
1 087
2 615
749
902
443
178
178
1 187
1 152
2 339
49
660
1 032
382
95
143
1 275
1 086
2 361
148
458
657
238
94
74
795
873
1 668
505
658
244
128
901
732
1 633
382
719
377
70
870
740
1 610
388
703
162
69
751
613
1 364
(a) Excluding marine-dredged landings at foreign ports (exports).

(b) From 2001, this heading is believed to include material previously
79
Scotland (land-won) production of sand and gravel by end-use 19992012

Thousand tonnes
Year
Sand
Gravel
Building sand
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
For
asphalt
For use in
mortar
455
374
359
181
397
477
533
484
1 195
1 274
1 079
1 096
1 053
732
1 070
968
1 000
882
753
675
561
559
Total
Concreting
sand
Coated
with a
bituminous
binder
Concrete
aggregate
Other
screened
& graded
gravels (a)
Sand,
gravel and
hoggin for
fill
3 270
3 202
3 075
2 753
2 886
3 309
3 142
3 219
3 409
2 805
2 530
2 531
2 237
2 135
95
67
72
79
80
88
84
2 008
1 749
2 715
1 790
1 724
1 994
2 182
1 745
1 931
1 334
1 103
1 081
996
1 009
198
1 056
1 021
740
851
877
1 058
1 189
1 099
1 479
931
2 809
3 031
2 382
1 581
1 132
1 421
986
1 197
1 403
1 466
913
(a) From 2001, this heading is believed to include material previously

Sandstone
United Kingdom summary 20082012
Commodity
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
12 255 000
12 335 000
11 556 000
(s) 12 300 000
(s) 11 500 000
Tonnes
Sandstone see Building and

dimension stone
Production
(a) Includes an estimate for Northern Ireland.
80
10 031
10 022
10 753
8 643
8 103
8 455
8 808
8 592
9 025
8 097
7 512
7 365
6 366
5 772
England production of sandstone by end-use 20002012

Thousand tonnes
Year
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Roadstone
Building
stone
Sold
coated
214
253
269
398
424
396
365
339
368
512
304
337
332
511
377
558
348
370
459
483
Total
For coating Uncoated
at remote
plants
1 201
1 375
1 442
1 644
1 490
1 345
1 046
1 157
1 050
1 334
987
771
854
813
971
799
824
646
226
600
774
527
Surface
dressing
chippings
203
184
187
Railway Concrete
ballast aggregate
110
121
80
70
55
157
581
1 061
760
891
728
304
252
607
837
532
335
676

& graded
uses
1 032
967
1 310
878
1 007
220
248
445
299
3 598
2 474
3 153
2 713
1 904
2 028
2 499
1 453
675
695
806
945
Armourstone &
gabion
Industrial
uses
Other
uses
25
36
49
55
30
36
39
30
7 401
7 201
7 006
7 005
7 076
6 910
7 041
6 918
5 854
3 980
4 176
4 454
4 451
Wales production of sandstone by end-use 20002012

Thousand tonnes
Year
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Roadstone
Building
stone
Sold
coated
10
14
24
18
10
14
433
529
446
326
Total
at remote
plants
673
913
792
646
1 262
1 289
1 244
1 399
433
439
416
430
246
218
234
281
155
131
108
128
107
Surface
dressing
chippings
173
206
185
99
128
Railway Concrete
ballast aggregate
180
426
641
399
171
225
139
126
146

& graded
uses
480
524
593
427
112
63
171
245
168
1 355
1 132
1 023
871
817
660
941
430
397
369
360
392
Armourstone &
gabion
Industrial
uses
Other
uses
22
11
16
2 941
3 094
3 136
3 179
3 241
3 233
3 415
3 558
2 323
2 667
2 807
3 114
2 701
Scotland production of sandstone by end-use 20002012

Thousand tonnes
Year
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Roadstone
Building
stone
Sold
coated
18
63
28
33
25
30
143
19
14
108
103
141
141
66
Total
at remote
plants
523
136
104
37
434
305
502
457
145
263
302
244
308
771
558
512
538
Surface
dressing
chippings
116
143
35
27
43
Railway Concrete
ballast aggregate
69
65
1
1
184
297
245
87
76
140
201
151

& graded
uses
272
170
134
148
204
144
213
221
234
371
685
489
442
643
431
356
310
342
496
646
394
Armourstone &
gabion
Industrial
uses
Other
uses
21
117
1
1
81
1 715
1 603
1 645
1 481
1 613
1 466
1 372
1 502
1 381
1 895
1 806
1 910
1 564
Selenium
Commodity
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Tonnes
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
thousand
Selenium
Imports
Elemental
409
273
1 817
471
462
8 645
7 414
17 505
28 027
22 283
Exports
Elemental
221
96
297
212
222
3 719
3 230
9 657
17 276
14 705
2009
2010
2011
2012
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Sepiolite
Commodity
2008
Tonnes
Sepiolite
Imports
227 453
thousand
70 651
...
...
...
43 004
13 367
...
...
...
2009
2010
2011
2012
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Silica sand
Commodity
2008
Tonnes
Silica sand
Production (a)
thousand
4 777 000
3 755 000
4 070 000
3 969 000
3 888 000
Imports
48 112
79 629
148 619
310 715
137 761
8 045
8 076
10 603
17 191
10 188
Exports
156 451
115 746
100 773
64 924
88 376
4 614
4 794
4 325
4 069
4 013
(a) Silica sands for glass making, moulding and other non-constructional uses.
82
Great Britain production of silica sand by end-use and area of origin 2012
Thousand tonnes
Area of origin
Foundry
uses
Glass
manufacture
Other
industrial
uses
Agricultural,
horticultural
& leisure uses
Total
North East (a)

Yorkshire and the Humber (b)
East Midlands (c)
West Midlands (d)
East of England (e)
South East (f)
South West (g)
North West (h)
322
952
England
340
1 095
3 361
Wales (i)
86
86
Scotland (j)
94
440
340
1 489
782
1 277
3 888
Great Britain
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
(f)
(g)
From Northumberland.
From North Yorkshire, South Yorkshire and Humberside.
From Nottinghamshire and Lincolnshire.
From Staffordshire, West Midlands and Worcester.
From Norfolk, Suffolk, Essex, and Bedfordshire.
From West Sussex, Surrey and Kent.
From Cornwall, Dorset and Devon.
(h) From Cumbria and Cheshire.

(i) From Clwyd and Dyfed.
(j) From West Central Scotland, East
Central Scotland, and Tayside & Fife.
83
Silicon
Commodity
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Tonnes
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
thousand
Silicon
Industry
Ferro-silicon
Calcium silicide
Ferro-silico-zirconium
36 520
80
70
22 940
27 110
60
50
17 030
26 250
60
50
16 490
25 600
60
50
16 080
25 770
60
50
16 180
Imports
Elemental siliconContaining not less than
99.99% silicon
Other
Ferro-silico-chrome
Ferro-silicon
Doped silicon
2 788
54 019
128
1 614
52 966
59 438
378
2 673
65 436
13
512
37 114
31 091
296
3 299
96 352
9
931
49 280
43 703
434
3 577
97 428
362
1 328
51 928
45 918
700
2 612
94 842
723
1 360
36 661
39 351
567
88 581
83 887
136
1 744
59 497
42 239
35 288
105 259
98 160
30
536
24 468
26 667
31 544
102 641
156 601
10
1 006
42 091
41 390
49 386
103 355
189 956
409
1 583
41 491
47 339
57 901
65 985
171 318
710
1 294
27 725
39 004
50 608
Exports
Elemental siliconContaining not less than
99.99% silicon
Other
Ferro-silico-chrome
Ferro-silicon
Doped silicon
645
14 488
9
976
49
3 250
622
739
7 014
50
458
65
3 338
331
1 135
1 767
22
366
52
2 958
675
1 274
2 389
364
338
132
6 594
481
1 689
1 338
72
327
7 503
4 659
857
38 735
24 901
24
1 231
27
4 728
78 997
52 704
13 343
244
709
59
4 154
57 775
56 225
4 585
43
457
55
5 530
71 505
57 962
4 973
268
550
75
9 006
72 414
25 411
2 723
155
485
1 320
7 987
69 328
2009
2010
2011
2012
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Sillimanite
Commodity
2008
Tonnes
thousand
Sillimanite
Imports
Sillimanite minerals (a)
Chamotte earth (b)
Mullite
11 920
22 243
6 488
7 763
28 501
5 255
7 419
52 384
8 276
12 485
19 473
3 491
10 562
19 228
4 588
2 515
3 635
3 588
2 064
5 231
2 770
2 076
10 670
3 538
3 801
3 633
2 774
3 090
3 367
2 603
Exports
Sillimanite minerals (a)
Chamotte earth (b)
Mullite
16
162
2 060
157
572
1 257
274
1 146
1 104
558
900
1 204
193
1 652
948
8
110
1 825
49
168
1 567
77
273
1 280
130
279
1 416
47
486
1 161
(a) Andalusite, kyanite and sillimanite.
(b) Calcined refractory clay including flint clay.
84
Silver
Commodity
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2009
2010
2011
2012
9 011
636 999
874 396
73 951
299
301 611
1 931 139
55 069
687
611 252
1 254 899
89 044
3
679 084
2 484 852
159 143
693
460 121
5 226 872
233 903
2
19 738
57 315
1 215 1 307 184
249
19 567
25
56 820
266 091
13 865
22
132 182
995 488
41 897
77
309 795
2 049 742
554 052
...
367 758
778 189
98 654
Tonnes
Silver
Production (a)
2008
thousand
Imports
Ores & concentrates
Waste & scrap
Unwrought
Partly worked
Silver in unrefined lead bullion (b)
8
4 223
3 328
616
390
1
3 311
6 374
276
260
10
4 137
2 977
301
300
1
13 714
3 355
331
260
6
5 946
8 108
418
340
Exports
Ores & concentrates
Waste & scrap
Unwrought
Partly worked
0
5 447
5 909
162
1
8 412
905
39
2
5 160
2 467
113
0
11 650
3 019
918
(a) Small quantities have been produced in Northern Ireland as follows:

2008: 398 kilograms; 2009: 514 kilograms; 2010: 506 kilograms;
2011: 531 kilograms; 2012: 230 kilograms.
(b) BGS estimates of silver content of unrefined lead bullion imported.
Slate
Commodity
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Tonnes
Slate
Production
Architectural & cladding uses,
roofing & damp proofing courses
Powder and granules
Crude blocks
Fill and other uses
Total
Imports
Unworked (a)
WorkedRoofing and wall tiles
Other worked slate (b)
Exports
Unworked (a)
WorkedRoofing and wall tiles
Other worked slate (b)
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
thousand
...
...
37 000
967 000
1 058 000
42 000
14 000
29 000
597 000
683 000
...
...
35 000
615 000
695 000
26 000
15 000
22 000
700 000
763 000
24 000
26 000
32 000
618 000
701 000
32 258
21 718
25 080
23 063
21 968
9 059
6 879
6 604
4 687
5 153
179 150
30 012
140 691
30 015
163 494
29 668
(c) 187 125

...
126 032
56 443
66 118
8 448
57 688
8 074
63 112
8 466
(c) 72 290
...
48 229
22 639
56 907
225 232
46 745
62 901
115 112
803
1 837
920
922
852
8 459
6 014
13 010
11 165
10 319
11 511
(c) 14 370
...
5 672
7 329
5 940
1 588
8 201
1 122
6 349
1 734
(c) 7 414
...
4 652
1 805
(a) Including roughly split or squared.

(b) Including articles of slate or agglomerated slate.
(c) All forms of worked slate.
85
Strontium
Commodity
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Tonnes
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
thousand
Strontium
Imports
Carbonate
212
70
32
288
25
13
45
30
257
Exports
Carbonate
17
95
66
71
38
2009
2010
2011
2012
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Sulphur
Commodity
2008
Tonnes
Sulphur
Supply
Produced (a)
Imported (b)
Sulphur, zinc concentrates
(imported) (c)
thousand
135 000
9 638
145 000
6 285
160 000
10 475
167 000
10 981
162 000
9 795
107
25
195
124
52
Imports
SulphurCrude
Refined
Sublimed, colloidal etc
64
9 574
1 186
74
6 211
473
274
10 201
767
590
10 391
691
1 125
8 670
698
45
4 278
1 268
60
2 900
805
435
4 942
946
755
6 110
875
743
5 471
666
Exports
SulphurCrude
Refined
Sublimed, colloidal etc
13 182
27 872
1 144
2 545
38 723
1 902
41 491
1 198
1 349
101 964
3 686
2 151
37 239
14 609
21 385
1 699
10 764
744
201
3 101
976
2 299
2 007
1 096
8 820
1 544
822
3 936
5 042
1 854
2009
2010
2011
2012
(a) Produced from oil refineries.

(b) Including waste and residues.
(c) Sulphur content calculated at 29%.
Talc
Commodity
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Tonnes
Talc
Production
2008
thousand
2 410
2 861
2 633
3 708
3 667
Imports
53 864
39 520
50 309
53 339
57 751
12 468
12 640
15 312
15 952
17 804
Exports
3 129
2 402
3 074
3 171
5 026
1 140
1 058
1 497
1 405
1 978
86
Tantalum and Niobium

Commodity
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Tonnes
Tantalum and Niobium
Industry
Niobium (a)
Imports
Ores & concentrates
Ferro-niobium
Tantalum
Niobium (b)
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
thousand
540
190
270
350
330
6
1 189
161
154
5
686
145
98
...
859
284
104
...
395
176
176
...
250
144
130
264
13 659
8 443
6 975
148
9 955
11 647
9 342
...
13 712
10 642
9 331
...
7 288
21 418
12 560
...
5 492
28 395
18 390
58
55
148
52
72
23
224
191
45
179
97
72
257
336
29
1 148
2 255
3 021
935
3 144
947
4 284
8 657
3 971
5 210
10 129
5 878
10 491
11 571
1 678
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Exports
Ferro-niobium
Tantalum
Niobium (b)
(a) Metal content.
(b) Including rhenium.
Tellurium
Commodity
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Tonnes
Tellurium
Imports
Exports
thousand
151
53
98
54
11
11 650
5 366
14 999
10 996
727
112
92
75
45
338
9 453
9 004
14 820
7 903
2009
2010
2011
2012
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Tin
Commodity
2008
Tonnes
thousand
Tin
Consumption
Refined
3 000
3 000
3 000
2 390
1 320
Imports
Concentrates
Unwrought
Unwrought alloys
Scrap
0
7 181
400
448
6
4 522
370
121
0
4 327
365
196
0
4 186
396
121
0
3 850
1 113
147
25
55 479
6 533
334
122
39 257
5 648
251
45
58 068
6 829
384
48
68 910
11 722
668
7
52 159
8 085
813
Exports
Concentrates
Unwrought
Unwrought alloys
Scrap
254
1 264
532
19 110
61
928
537
22 597
163
1 856
389
13 115
58
1 797
545
4 414
241
2 092
246
3 435
1 158
11 781
5 671
24 197
448
8 500
3 296
29 286
954
24 891
4 037
12 682
371
30 504
6 606
10 404
743
20 761
3 995
5 935
87
Titanium
Commodity
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Tonnes
Titanium
Production
Titanium dioxide pigment
Apparent consumption (c)
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
thousand
(a) 255 000 (a) 230 000 (b) 260 000 (b) 280 000 (b) 200 000
65 500
24 800
43 500
33 200
45 500
990
730
710
690
700
Imports
Titanium minerals
Unwrought
Scrap
Wrought
Ferro-titanium (d)
Oxides
Pigments based on titanium dioxide
Titanium slag
194 756
13 868
12 367
6 071
1 290
6 925
51 822
158 195
112 091
9 989
8 972
4 218
396
4 933
48 931
127 224
90 622
7 994
8 388
4 299
274
6 503
52 957
187 913
32 127
10 636
9 930
49 277
187
9 218
53 093
...
117 860
14 993
9 963
8 987
902
4 929
58 129
...
38 435
78 778
32 945
186 129
3 612
10 053
71 395
38 966
33 898
52 522
11 106
160 102
399
9 101
72 302
36 298
31 752
52 867
24 707
153 972
813
11 106
86 182
31 090
11 905
74 526
36 399
215 133
721
18 969
113 505
...
45 671
126 729
33 473
264 794
2 787
11 566
136 239
...
Exports
Scrap
Unwrought
Wrought
Ferro-titanium (d)
Oxides
Pigments based on titanium dioxide
3 973
2 754
4 428
18 557
1 104
221 399
3 269
2 823
3 464
13 098
845
203 028
4 180
3 683
4 197
15 197
867
207 651
5 757
1 263
4 907
17 662
1 658
221 532
5 204
709
5 628
18 040
1 260
140 875
12 714
13 252
198 153
59 013
3 536
276 503
5 096
8 265
156 703
23 486
3 693
298 629
15 804
25 579
155 259
43 348
2 464
322 674
23 440
8 732
187 664
60 009
3 489
433 688
20 112
5 446
239 778
56 342
3 570
302 295

Industry
Ferro-titanium
(a) Articol estimates.

(b) BGS estimates.
(c) BGS estimates; see explanatory notes.

(d) Including ferro-silico-titanium.
88
Tungsten
Commodity
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Tonnes
Tungsten
Industry (a)
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
388
479
358
412
010
915
92
266
62
23 965
16 867
4 814
846
38 383
117
279
thousand
50
20
20
30
30
Imports
Ores & concentrates
Scrap
Unwrought
Wrought
Ferro-tungsten (b)
Carbide
Tungstates
11
1 291
430
144
27
1 023
31
96
35
1 157
283
38
26
614
6
36
2
1 278
353
45
48
1 111
4
24
25
1 633
284
82
44
3 622
1
30
3
1 251
562
75
34
1 245
2
4
25
15 129
6 903
4 257
487
19 982
348
1 171
44
11 134
5 456
2 995
348
11 808
144
154
40
15 973
5 470
4 384
763
27 735
116
117
Exports
Ores & concentrates
Scrap
Unwrought
Wrought
Ferro-tungsten (b)
Carbide
Tungstates
21
1 399
182
44
31
51
5
402
3
1 429
65
47
1
80
8
55
29
1 451
162
36
4
41
6
6
35
1 862
218
55
3
597
10
10
102
1 471
112
91
20
463
7
33
136
14 390
2 979
3 976
256
1 704
85
4 782
93
11 089
1 681
1 975
25
211
650
367
327
15 563
2 502
2 645
112
983
117
68
783
33 580
7 281
4 551
81
2 984
258
44
873
24 634
4 483
6 574
453
8 573
131
283
2009
2010
2011
2012
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
29
8
5
1
96
(a) Metal content.

(b) Including ferro-silico-tungsten.
Vanadium
Commodity
2008
Tonnes
thousand
Vanadium
Industry (a)
100
40
50
70
60
Imports
Unwrought
Oxides
Ferro-vanadium
314
344
543
112
84
209
197
5
340
376
17
368
261
21
246
6 277
4 813
12 812
3 218
699
2 394
4 670
74
4 413
7 219
73
5 256
4 855
70
3 186
Exports
Unwrought
Oxides
Ferro-vanadium
2
589
79
18
487
64
23
694
24
32
6
52
11
0
31
43
8 870
922
395
4 992
958
682
7 806
328
682
70
712
202
25
409
(a) Vanadium content of ferro-vanadium.
89
Vermiculite
Commodity
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Tonnes
Vermiculite
Imports
(v)
2009
2010
2011
2012
thousand
29 200
24 515
(v) 58 456
24
188
(v) 1 059
2009
2010
Exports
2008
(v) 98 437
(v) 66 298
4 319
4 115
(v) 5 357
(v) 12 950
(v) 8 508
(v) 1 116
(v) 1 228
109
934
(v) 822
(v) 825
(v) 845
2011
2012
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
749
1 280
127 929
14 185
365
200
983
105 654
12 616
398
Figure also includes perlite and chlorites.
Zinc
Commodity
2008
Tonnes
thousand
Zinc
Consumption
Slab
151 500
99 000
96 641
86 892
80 031
Imports
Ores & concentrates
Ash and residues
Unwrought
Unwrought alloys
Scrap
257
4 632
119 911
8 524
103
119
3 160
84 594
1 869
344
574
2 898
97 066
2 973
447
426
7 300
85 516
9 306
339
178
2 248
77 847
8 917
412
424
2 122
134 468
9 611
54
341
11 203
96 839
2 407
258
970
1 243
144 172
4 156
409
Exports
Ores & concentrates
Ash and residues
Unwrought
Unwrought alloys
Scrap
246
13 786
3 883
28 408
5 699
11 418
9 585
3 600
13 578
6 030
8 405
9 139
3 580
14 561
14 903
9 714
7 283
2 724
12 737
12 545
5 561
7 238
1 823
13 580
9 897
209
8 597
4 639
38 083
4 973
1 691
6 268
4 560
15 562
5 144
2 992
8 422
4 937
21 409
18 207
90
5
7
4
19
16
425
383
959
227
005
6 923
6 601
2 749
18 475
12 407
Zirconium
Commodity
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Tonnes
Zirconium
2009
2010
3 000
4 000
7 000
4 000
70
50
50
50
50
13 092
65
403
53
6 386
49
82
72
8 450
139
190
82
14 709
197
345
74
8 928
179
215
88
8 145
263
4 490
1 745
5 910
311
1 830
852
7 204
885
3 088
1 219
716
2
54
5
742
11
0
7
1 405
76
0
15
1 661
12
88
2
818
13
189
11
746
33
72
715
966
42
53
1 362
1 728
338
6
336
Exports
Ores and concentrates
Scrap
Unwrought
Wrought
2011
2012
thousand
7 000

Industry
Ferro-silico-zirconium
Imports
Ores and Concentrates (b)
Scrap
Unwrought
Wrought
2008
(b) Mainly zircon.
91
18
1
4
1
710
140
504
174
17 257
1 089
5 143
1 691
3 482
114
153
232
2 089
156
399
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United Kingdom Minerals

BRITISH GEOLOGICAL SURVEY

MINERALS AND WASTE PROGRAMME

United Kingdom Minerals

T. Bide, T. J. Brown, S. F. Hobbs and N. Idoine

NERC 2014. All rights reserved

Keyworth, Nottingham British Geological Survey 2014

BRITISH GEOLOGICAL SURVEY

NERC 2014 All rights reserved

British Geological Survey offices

0115 936 3276

Keyworth, Nottingham NG12 5GG

0115 936 3200

Murchison House, West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH9 3LA

Columbus House, Greenmeadow Springs, Tongwynlais,

Tel 0115 936 3495

0131 668 2683

Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD

All communications regarding the content of this

Natural Environment Research Council, Polaris House,

Symbols: The following symbols are used throughout:

Figures not available

Crown Estate Commissioners, The Crown Mineral Agent

Balance of trade in minerals and mineral-based products 20082012

Crude minerals and fertilisers:

Miscellaneous chemical products:

Non-metallic mineral products:

Iron and steel:

(a) Imports are valued c i f and exports are valued f o b.

Value of United Kingdom minerals production 2012

Value of United Kingdom construction and industrial minerals production 2012

Gypsum and anhydrite

Approximate value (a) of minerals produced in the United Kingdom 20062012

Sand and gravel

Clay and shale

Source: British Geological Survey.

Source: British Geological Survey.

Oil and natural gas liquids

Source: British Geological Survey.

Total mining and quarrying

of which: minerals related (%)

Source: Office for National Statistics.

United Kingdom employment in the minerals industry, 2012

Great Britain (a)

United Kingdom production of minerals 20062013

Slurry etc. recovered from dumps, ponds, rivers etc.

(k) In addition, the following amounts of igneous rock were produced in

Sources: Office for National Statistics, Department of Business, Innovation

England production of minerals 20062012

(a) Slurry etc. recovered from dumps, ponds, rivers etc.

(i) Dolomite and magnesian limestone used for constructional

Sources: Office for National Statistics,Department of Business,

Wales production of minerals 20062012

(a) Slurry etc. recovered from dumps, ponds, rivers etc.

(e) Dolomite and magnesian limestone used for constructional and

Scotland production of minerals 20062012

(a) Slurry etc. recovered from dumps, ponds, rivers etc.

(f) Dolomite and magnesian limestone used for constructional and

(a) Excluding granite.

Sources: Department of Enterprise, Trade & Investment (Northern Ireland),

Number of mineral workings in the United Kingdom, by commodity (a) (b)

South East South West

Abandoned mine methane

(a) As at April 2014.