Sense Organs

The General Function

To detect ________ in the environment
They receive_________ and send them as nervous _________along
_______nerves to the________
The brain______ the impulses and sends the __________along motor nerves
to the muscles or glands for action.
Nervous Pathwahy

Specific Stimulus and Function

Sense organs
Skin

Specific stimulus

Specific Function

Chemicals

Smelling

Tongue
Hearing and balancing
Eye
The Sense of Sight

Part of eye
Sclera
Choroid
Retina
Yellow Spot
Blind Spot
Optic Nerve
Suspensory Ligament
Ciliary Muscle
Aqueous humour
Cornea

Function

Pupil
Iris
Lens
Vitreous humour

Pathway of Seeing
Light

Pupil

Retina

Properties of Light
Reflection

Light travels in _________ lines

Light travels at a speed of ____________km per second through air
Light can travel through a ____________
Parallel light rays which fall on a ___________surface (e.g mirror) are
________as parallel rays. This is called __________ reflection.
Parallel rays which fall on an irregular surface (e.g the ground) are reflected in
__________directions. This is called __________reflection.

Refraction

When a ray of light passes from one medium into another ___________, the
ray of light passes through without bent or _________.
When the ray of light passes from one medium into another obliquely, the ray
is bent or refracted.

 The bending of light is called ___________of light.

The ray is refracted_________ the normal when it passes from a less dense
medium into a denser medium e.g air to glass.
The ray of light is reflected __________from the normal when it passes from a
dense medium into a less dense medium.
Defects of vision and their correction

A short-sighted eye can

see a ______object
clearly; the image falls on
the _______.

A long-sighted eye can

see a ______object
clearly; the image falls
on the _______.

Responses in Plants

A short-sighted eye
cannot see a
______object clearly; the
image falls in
________of the retina.
Eye lens maybe too
_______
Eyeball maybe too
________

A long-sighted eye
cannot see a
______object clearly;
the image falls ______
of the retina.
Eye lens maybe too
_______
Eyeball maybe too
________

A _________lens is used
to correct shortsightedness.
The concave lens
________the rays of light
onto the retina.

A _________lens is
used to correct shortsightedness.
The convex lens
________the rays of
light onto the retina.

1. The movement of plants are affected by external stimuli such

as_________,__________, __________and ____________.
2. The responses of plants to external stimuli are called ________movement
or________.
3. A response by a plant in the direction of the stimulus is called
____________
4. A response in the opposite direction of the stimulus is called___________.
5. Tropisms help plants to _______ because they help plants to obtain their
needs such as _______and ___________.
Plant response
Phototropism

Stimulus
Gravity

Hydrotropism
Tigmotropism

In contact with a solid

Touch, temperature, light

Phototropism
1.
2.
3.
4.

Phototropism is the response of plants to ________

Plant shoots always grow _______ light. They show _______phototropism.
Root always grow ________from light. They show _________phototropism.
Phototropism helps shoots and leaves to get sunlight to make food by
_______________.

Geotropism
1. Geotropism is the response of plants to __________

2. Roots always grow ________gravity. They show _________geotropism.

3. Positive geotropism helps the plants to get _________for survival and the
roots to hold the plants firmly in the ground.
4. Shoots grow ________against gravity. They show ________geotropism.
5. Negative geotropism helps the shoots and leaves to get sunlight for
____________.

Hydrotropism
1. A plant growth response to ___________is known as __________________.
2. Roots tend to grow __________water. They show _________hydrotropism.
3. The response of roots to water is __________than their response to gravity.
They can grow upwards or sideways, ignoring the pull of gravity.

Thigmotropism

1. ________________is a tropic response in which the stimulus is

___________or _____________.
2. ___________ grow away from solid objects such as stones but _________
tend to grow ___________the objects that they come into contact with.

Nastic Movement
1. Nastic movement are the responses of a plant towards
__________,___________ and __________.
2. In nastic movements, the direction of response of the plant does not depend
on the ______________of the stimulus. The movement is reversible.