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IB Psychology Notes
Explain how principles that define the biological level of analysis may be
demonstrated in research. (Use theories/studies)
1. Behaviour can be innate because it is genetically based.
Money-Sex Change Case Study Longitudinal study on David Reimer
Aim: Show tha nurture determines gender identity and not nature.
David was a boy who lost his penis in a circumcision accident.
Money suggested Davids parents to give him a sec change.
Money did not reveal his true motive of this case study.
When David grew up, he displayed masculine behaviour. This shows that
psychosexual development is determined by chromosomes and hormones.
Ethical Guidelines:
Deception and uninformed consent.
No protection from physical and metal harm.
No rights of withdrawal.
Dilip Rathinakumar
IB Psychology Notes
2. Animal Research can provide insight into human behaviour.
Berthold (1849)
Aim: Test effects of testosterone in roosters. Test the effects of castration in
roosters with the assumption that the results would be similar in humans. Used
roosters because of ethical concerns.
Method:
Had 6 Healthy roosters that are castrated.
Results:
Methods:
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41 participants (NGRI)
41 participants (Control)
Each participant injected with glucose tracer for PET Scan.
Dilip Rathinakumar
IB Psychology Notes
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Results
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NGRIs had less activity in the pre-frontal cortex which is linked to self-control
and emotion.
NGRIs had lower activity in the amygdala and medial temporal hippocampus.
Lack of inhibition of violent behaviour
Fearlessness
Failure to learn consquences for violence.