The Salvia Divinorum Grower's Guide El productor Salvia Divinorum Gua

By Sociedad Para La Preservation De Las Plantas Del Misterio Por la

Sociedad Para La Preservacin De Las Plantas Del Misterio
ISBN: 1-890425-01-X ISBN: 1-890425-01-X
Published in 1998 By Spectral Mindustries Publicado en 1998 por
Mindustries espectral
Box 73401 Davis, CA 95617-3401 Caja 73401 Davis, CA 95.617 a 3401

Contents Contenido

Support the Authors! Apoyo a los autores!

Buy this book! Comprar este libro!

Contents Contenido
Entering The Uroboros Introduccin El Uroboros
Starting From An Unrooted Cutting A partir de un corte sin enraizar
Constructing A Humidity Chamber La construccin de una cmara de
humedad
Rooting In Water Enraizamiento en agua
Waiting For Roots To Form Esperando races para formar
Planting In Soil La siembra en suelo

Constructing A Humidity Tent La construccin de una tienda de humedad

Growing Outside A Humidity Tent Crecer fuera de una tienda de humedad
Optimum Growing Parameters Parmetros de crecimiento ptimo
Soil Suelo
Temperature Temperatura
Misting, Watering & Feeding La nebulizacin, riego y alimentacin
Light Luz
Hydroponic Cultivation El cultivo hidropnico
Growing Medium Medio de cultivo
Nutrient Management Manejo de Nutrientes
Pests Plagas
White Flies Las moscas blancas
Spider Mites Los caros araa
Aphids Los fidos
Scale Escala
Snails Caracoles
Problems Problemas
Browning Leaf Edges Browning bordes de las hojas
Yellow Leaves Hojas amarillas
Slow Growth Crecimiento lento
Pruning For Maximum Leaf Production Para la poda de produccin mxima
de la hoja
Harvesting Leaves Las hojas de cosecha
Drying Leaves Secado de las hojas
Producing Seed La produccin de semillas
Taking Cuttings Teniendo cortes
Tail-To-Mouth La cola a la boca
Bibliography Bibliografa
Sources For Salvia Divinorum Fuentes Para Salvia Divinorum

Information Resources Recursos de Informacin

`Few have heard of it. Pocos han odo hablar de l.
Fewer know what it looks like. Pocos saben lo que parece.
Fewer still have ever met the sagely ally, Menos an he conocido el aliado
sabiamente,
yet the alliance forms invisible links sin embargo, la alianza formas vnculos
invisibles
wherever it goes...' donde quiera que va ... "

Dale Pendell, Pharmako/Poeia - Pendell Dale, Pharmako / Poeia

...welcome fellow friend of mystery plants! ... Compaeros de amigo de

bienvenida de las plantas de misterio!

There are almost 1000 species in the genus Salvia, but none quite like the
"sage of seers," Salvia divinorum. As its English colloquial names suggest
("diviner's sage," and "sage of seers"), Salvia divinorum is linked to the
human mind in a most mysterious way. Hay cerca de 1000 especies en el
gnero Salvia, pero ninguno como el "sabio de los videntes," Salvia
divinorum. Como su nombre coloquial Ingls sugieren ("de sabio adivino" y
"sabio de sabios"), Salvia divinorum est vinculada a la mente humana de
una manera ms misteriosa. Your authors have been blessed to have a
growing relationship with this exotic friend, and it is our wish that you too
will catch and fan the sparks of joy cast out by this "hidden pearl". Sus
autores han sido bendecidos por tener una relacin creciente con este
amigo extico, y es nuestro deseo que usted tambin la captura y el
ventilador chispas de alegra emitidos por esta "perla escondida".

Entering the uroboros Entrando en el uroboros

Salvia divinorum is a very rare plant known only to the Mazatec Indians of
Mexico until the latter half of this century. Salvia divinorum es una rara
planta muy conocida slo por los indios mazatecas de Mxico hasta la
segunda mitad de este siglo. Rumors of the plant, said to be used in medicomagico-divinatory ceremonies, filtered into the minds of North American

anthropologists and botanists beginning in the late 1930s and early 1940s.
Los rumores de la planta, dijo que se utiliza en ceremonias mgico
adivinatorio-mdico, se filtra en la mente de los antroplogos
norteamericanos y botnicos a partir de finales de 1930 y principios de
1940. However, it was not until October 1962 that a viable specimen
reached the hands of North Americans. Sin embargo, no fue hasta octubre
de 1962 que una muestra viable lleg a manos de los norteamericanos.

Having traveled by horseback in the Sierra Mazateca in search of the

mysterious plant, R. Gordon Wasson and Dr. Despus de haber viajado a
caballo en la Sierra Mazateca en busca de la misteriosa planta, R. Gordon
Wasson y el Dr. Albert Hofmann were rewarded on October 8, 1962. Albert
Hofmann, fueron premiados el 8 de octubre de 1962. On that date, while in
San Jos Tenango, an old curandera by the name of Natividad Rosa, who
heard they were looking for the plant, brought them a bundle of cuttings
( Hofmann 1990 ). En esa fecha, mientras que en San Jos Tenango, una
vieja curandera con el nombre de Natividad Rosa, que escuch que estaban
buscando para la planta, los trajo un manojo de recortes ( Hofmann, 1990 ).

Upon returning to the United States, Wasson and Hofmann gave one of the
specimens to Carl Epling, an expert in the genus Salvia. A su regreso a los
Estados Unidos, Wasson y Hofmann dio una de las muestras a Carl Epling,
un experto en el gnero Salvia. Epling determined that the plant was a
theretofore unknown species of Salvia. Epling determin que la planta era
una especie desconocida hasta entonces de la Salvia. He named it Salvia
divinorum in light of its ritual use by the Mazatec for divination ( Epling &
Jtiva 1962 ). Le dio el nombre Salvia divinorum en funcin de su uso ritual
de la mazateca para la adivinacin ( Epling y Jtiva 1.962 ).

Among the many mysteries of Salvia divinorum is that it very rarely sets
seed. Entre los muchos misterios de la Salvia divinorum es que muy rara vez
se pone la semilla. You will not find S. divinorum seeds for sale anywhere.
Usted no encontrar las semillas de S. divinorum para la venta en cualquier
lugar. For all practical purposes, therefore, we agree with our friend Dale
Pendell: "...if you want ska Pastora, you will have to get it the same way
everyone else has for the last two thousand years: from a cutting from
someone who grows it" ( Pendell 1995 ). Para todos los propsitos prcticos,
por lo tanto, estamos de acuerdo con nuestro amigo Dale Pendell: "... si
quieres ska Pastora, que tendr que obtener la misma manera que todos lo
dems tiene para los ltimos dos mil aos: de un corte de alguien que crece
"( Pendell 1995 ). Acquiring such a cutting is your initiation into a unique
mystic matrix. La adquisicin de esta corte es la iniciacin en una matriz
mstica nica.

Most likely, any cutting you obtain will be a clone of the very plant that
Natividad Rosa gave R. Gordon Wasson and Dr. Albert Hofmann in 1962. Lo
ms probable es que cualquier corte que obtenga ser un clon de la planta
misma que dio a Rosa Natividad R. Gordon Wasson y el Dr. Albert Hofmann
en 1962. Cuttings from this very plant have been distributed worldwide, and
are known today as "Wasson clones". Esquejes de esta planta muy se han
distribuido en todo el mundo, y son conocidos hoy como "clones Wasson".
Like all cuttings, they are genetically identical to the mother plant. Al igual
que todos los cortes, que son genticamente idnticas a la planta madre.

While other researchers have since returned to the US with cuttings of S.

divinorum collected in various regions of the Sierra Mazateca, most of these
strains have not received wide distribution. Aunque otros investigadores han
vuelto desde entonces a los EE.UU. con estacas de S. divinorum recogidos
en diversas regiones de la Sierra Mazateca, la mayora de estas cepas no
han recibido amplia difusin.

In 1991, anthropologist Bret Blosser collected two specimens of S. divinorum

near Municipio de San Jos Tenango, Mexico. En 1991, el antroplogo Bret
Blosser recogieron dos muestras de S. divinorum cerca Municipio de San
Jos Tenango, Mxico. Cuttings from the plant material obtained by Blosser
have been widely distributed and are known as the "palatable clone"
because when Mr. Blosser ingested it in the Sierra Mazatec it was markedly
less bitter than leaves from locally grown "Wasson clones". Las estacas del
material vegetal obtenido por Blosser han sido ampliamente distribuidos y
son conocidos como el "clon aceptable", porque cuando el Sr. Blosser que se
ingiere en la sierra mazateca fue mucho menos amargas que las hojas de
cultivo local "clones Wasson".

We notice very little difference in bitterness (and no difference in potency)

between foliage from the Wasson clone and the so-called palatable clone,
nor do we see any morphological distinctions. Notamos muy poca diferencia
en la amargura (y no hay diferencia en potencia) entre el follaje de la copia
Wasson y los llamados clones, de modo aceptable, ni tampoco vemos
ninguna distincin morfolgica. We, however, have not tasted foliage from
plants grown in the Sierra Mazatec. Nosotros, sin embargo, no han probado
el follaje de las plantas cultivadas en la sierra mazateca.

Mr. Blosser has suggested that perhaps soil or other cultivation factors may
be responsible for the taste differences, rather than genetics ( Blosser
1998 ). El Sr. Blosser ha sugerido que tal vez el suelo o el cultivo de otros
factores pueden ser responsables de las diferencias de sabor, en lugar de la
gentica ( Blosser 1998 ). Given that S. divinorum has never been observed
to set seed in the wild (in fact, even in the Sierra Mazateca it is only known
to exist in areas touched by humans), and that broken or drooping stems
copiously root where they touch the ground, we speculate that the Wasson
clone and the palatable clone are from the same germplasm. Dado que la S.
divinorum no se ha observado que de semillas en la naturaleza (de hecho,
incluso en la Sierra Mazateca slo se sabe que existe en las zonas afectadas
por los humanos), y que rota o cada copiosamente tallos raz donde se
tocan el suelo , se especula que el clon Wasson y el clon aceptable son de la
misma germoplasma.

Starting from an unrooted cutting A partir de un corte sin races

Unlike most plants, which have relatively round stems, the stems of Salvia
divinorum are square. A diferencia de la mayora de las plantas, que tienen
relativamente ronda los tallos, los tallos de la Salvia divinorum son
cuadradas. Also, unlike most plants, the stems of Salvia divinorum are
hollow in the center. Adems, a diferencia de la mayora de las plantas, los
tallos de la Salvia divinorum son huecas en el centro. A freshly made
cutting, therefore, when viewed on end, shows the ageless mystery symbol
of the circle within a square. Un corte recin hecho, por lo tanto, cuando se
ve en el extremo, muestra el smbolo de misterio eterno del crculo en un
cuadrado. The circle inscribed in a square is an ancient Cabalist symbol for
the spark of divinity residing within the material. El crculo inscrito en un
cuadrado es un antiguo smbolo de cabalista de la chispa de la divinidad
que residen dentro del material. A circle has long represented the divine and
everlasting, while the square has symbolized the terrestrial and finite. Un
crculo se ha representado durante mucho tiempo lo divino y lo eterno,
mientras que la plaza ha simbolizado lo terrestre y lo finito.

The first thing to do upon obtaining a cutting of S. divinorum is to correctly

orient it top to bottom. Lo primero que debe hacer a la obtencin de un
corte de la S. divinorum es orientar correctamente arriba a abajo. If the
cutting is a tip-cutting, or if there are side shoots or leaves, the orientation is
self-evident, as the shoots and leaves reach upward. Si el corte es una punta
de corte, o si hay brotes laterales o las hojas, la orientacin es evidente por
s misma, como los brotes y las hojas se dirigen hacia arriba. However,
because S. divinorum is a very sensitive plant, it is not uncommon for a
cutting to drop its leaves or side shoots. Sin embargo, debido a la S.
divinorum es una planta muy sensible, no es raro que un corte de cada de
las hojas o brotes laterales. Additionally, it is possible that your cutting will

be a mid- stem cutting, without a growing tip to aid correct orientation.

Adems, es posible que el corte ser un medio de estacas, sin una punta de
crecimiento para ayudar a la orientacin correcta. One technique that
disposes of the need to determine the orientation of a mid-stem cutting, has
been employed by Daniel Siebert, the first person to experience the effects
of isolated salvinorin A, the active principle in the plant. Una tcnica que
dispone de la necesidad de determinar la orientacin de un medio de
estacas, se ha empleado por Daniel Siebert, la primera persona a
experimentar los efectos de la salvinorina A aislados, el principio activo de
la planta.

Simply take a mid-stem cutting that contains at least one node and remove
all large leaves. Simplemente tome un medio de estacas que contiene al
menos un nodo y quitar todas las hojas grandes. Lay the stem cutting
horizontally on wet rich soil and place in a humidity chamber (see next
section). Coloque el vstago de corte horizontal en la rica tierra mojada y el
lugar en una cmara de humedad (ver seccin siguiente). The stem will root
all along its length and send up two new shoots at each node ( Siebert
1998 ). La madre se la raz a lo largo de su longitud y enviar dos nuevos
brotes en cada nodo ( Siebert, 1998 ). If you are not using the above
technique, it is necessary to determine which end of the cutting is up. Si no
est utilizando la tcnica anterior, es necesario determinar qu extremo del
corte est para arriba. Fortunately, so long as you realize that this is an
issue, determining the cutting's correct orientation is a simple process of
observation. Afortunadamente, siempre y cuando te das cuenta de que este
es un problema, la determinacin de la correcta orientacin de corte es un
simple proceso de observacin.

Examine the nodes (ie, those places where the otherwise smooth stem
becomes bulbous, and from which leaves and side shoots will later grow).
Examinar los nodos (es decir, aquellos lugares donde la suave madre de
otro modo se convierte en forma de bulbo, y de la cual las hojas y brotes
laterales crecer ms adelante). When properly oriented, the stem segment
above any given node is usually, but not always, of slightly less
circumference than the stem segment below a node. Cuando est bien
orientado, el segmento de madre por encima de cualquier nodo dado por lo
general, aunque no siempre, un poco de menos la circunferencia que el
segmento del tallo por debajo de un nodo. In other words, the stem
segments usually become more slender toward the top of the plant. En otras
palabras, los segmentos del tallo generalmente se vuelven ms delgados
hacia la parte superior de la planta. Also, careful examination of any given
node should reveal upward tilting leaf scars or "shoulders" from which new
shoots grow. Adems, un examen cuidadoso de cualquier nodo dado debe
revelar la inclinacin al alza las cicatrices de la hoja o "hombros" de la que
los nuevos brotes crecen. Once you have determined the cutting's correct

orientation, the next step is to prepare it for rooting. Una vez que haya
determinado la correcta orientacin de corte, el paso siguiente es preparar
para el enraizamiento.

Constructing a rooting chamber La construccin de una cmara de

enraizamiento
Rooting and growing salvia divinorum is made much easier if you create a
high humidity environment. Enraizamiento y la salvia divinorum cada vez se
hace mucho ms fcil si se crea un ambiente de alta humedad. Therefore,
unless you live in a naturally humid environment, we strongly recommend
the preparation of a humidity chamber to house the fragile cutting while it
produces roots. Por lo tanto, a menos que usted vive en un ambiente
hmedo natural, se recomienda la preparacin de una cmara de humedad
a la casa de la corte frgil al mismo tiempo que produce races.

We've rooted hundreds of S. divinorum cuttings in secondhand ten gallon

aquariums. Tenemos cientos de estacas enraizadas S. divinorum en segunda
acuarios de diez galones. To turn an aquarium into a humidity chamber,
simply measure the top of the aquarium and have your local hardware store
cut a piece of glass that snugly fits the top. Para convertir un acuario en una
cmara hmeda, simplemente mida la parte superior del acuario y hacer
que su almacn local del hardware cortar un trozo de vidrio que encaja
perfectamente la parte superior. Give the aquarium a good washing using a
clean scrub pad and vinegar. Dar el acuario un buen lavado con un estropajo
limpio y vinagre. Be especially careful to remove any old algae or funguslike deposits remaining affixed to the glass from the days when the
aquarium may have been a home to fish. Tenga especial cuidado de eliminar
cualquier algas de edad o como depsitos-hongo restantes colocarse en el
cristal de los das en el acuario puede haber sido un hogar para los peces.
Glue or tape a small piece of wood to the glass top to serve as a handle.
Pegamento o cinta adhesiva un pequeo trozo de madera a la tapa de
cristal para servir como un mango.

With the glass top closed, and daily misting from a hand-held squirt bottle
filled with room temperature purified drinking water, your humidity chamber
will provide a perfect environment for fragile young cuttings. Con la tapa de
cristal cerrada, y al da de nebulizacin de un lugar chorro botella de mano
llena de temperatura de agua potable purificada habitacin, su cmara de
humedad proporcionar un ambiente perfecto para frgiles esquejes
jvenes.

Rooting in water Enraizamiento en agua

Rooting in water is the most common and effective method of rooting a
Salvia divinorum cutting. Enraizamiento en el agua es el mtodo ms comn
y eficaz de erradicar un corte de Salvia divinorum. If you follow the following
steps it is practically fail-safe. Si usted sigue los siguientes pasos es
prcticamente a prueba de fallos.

Obtain a bottle, vase, or other tall thin water-holding container. Obtenga una
botella, vaso, o de otro recipiente alto y delgado de retencin de agua.
Salvia divinorum roots copiously all along the stem, not just at leaf nodes.
Salvia divinorum races copiosamente a lo largo del tallo, no slo en los
nodos hoja. Ideally, your rooting vase should be approximately 2/3 the
length of your cutting. Idealmente, su vaso de enraizamiento debe ser
aproximadamente 2 / 3 de la longitud de su corte.

We strongly recommend you give each cutting its own rooting vase. Le
recomendamos que dar a cada corte de su propio vaso de enraizamiento.
This way, any stem rot that occurs will remain isolated. De esta manera,
toda la podredumbre del tallo que se va a quedar aislados. One grower we
know utilizes sterilized beer bottles ( Hanna 1998 ). Un cultivador sabemos
utiliza esterilizados botellas de cerveza ( Hanna 1998 ). Kept in their
cardboard six-pack holder, they are space efficient rooting vases and can be
easily moved six at a time. Se mantuvo en su paquete de soporte de cartnseis, que son el espacio eficiente jarrones de enraizamiento y se puede
mover fcilmente seis a la vez. Cuttings that have leaves or side shoots will
rest on the narrow neck of the bottle such that the submersed rooting area
of the stem is entirely suspended. Esquejes que tienen hojas o brotes
laterales se basar en la estrecha lengua de la botella de manera que el
enraizamiento rea sumergida de la madre se suspender por completo.

If you use beer bottles as rooting vases, two things must be kept in mind. Si
utiliza botellas de cerveza como jarrones de enraizamiento, dos cosas deben
tenerse en cuenta. First, make sure you thoroughly clean the bottles, as
even the slightest remnant of beer will greatly increase the possibility of
stem rot. Second, the relatively small volume of water that can be held in a
beer bottle, combined with the fact that most beer bottles are darkly tinted,
increases the risk that the water level in a bottle could become insufficient
and go unnoticed. En primer lugar, asegrese de limpiar a fondo las
botellas, ya que incluso el ms mnimo vestigio de cerveza aumentar en
gran medida la posibilidad de la podredumbre del tallo. En segundo lugar, el
volumen relativamente pequeo de agua que se puede mantener en una
botella de cerveza, junto con el hecho de que la mayora de la cerveza
botellas color oscuro, aumenta el riesgo de que el nivel del agua en una

botella puede llegar a ser insuficiente y pasar desapercibido. This risk is

especially great if the bottles are being kept in their six-pack holders. Este
riesgo es especialmente grande si las botellas se mantienen en su paquete
de seis titulares. Therefore, take care to occasionally examine the water
levels and top-up those bottles that appear low. Por lo tanto, tenga cuidado
de examinar de vez en cuando los niveles de agua y recarga las botellas
que aparecen bajo. Fill your rooting vase with room temperature purified
drinking water. Llena tu vaso de enraizamiento con temperatura ambiente,
agua potable purificada. (Do this before placing the cutting in the vase to
prevent accidentally pouring water inside the hollow stem and thereby
increasing the chance of stem rot.) (Haga esto antes de realizar el corte en
el vaso para evitar que accidentalmente verter agua en el interior del tallo
hueco y aumentando as la posibilidad de la podredumbre del tallo).

We do not recommend using rooting compound. Nosotros no recomendamos

el uso de compuestos de enraizamiento. Not only are many rooting
compounds toxic, but we have not found them necessary. No slo son
muchos compuestos txicos de enraizamiento, pero no hemos encontrado
que es necesario. If you do use a rooting compound, we suggest Olivia's
Cloning Gel, a balanced blend of rooting agent and fertilizer in a viscous
water soluble gel base that seals the cutting and may help protect against
infection. Si utiliza un compuesto de enraizamiento, se sugiere Olivia
clonacin Gel , una mezcla equilibrada de enraizamiento agente y
fertilizantes en un gel soluble en base de agua viscosa que sella el corte y
puede ayudar a proteger contra la infeccin. An old gardener 's trick is to
put a cutting of pussy willow ( Salix discolor ) or corkscrew willow ( Salis
matsudana ) in the water with other cuttings you are seeking to root. viejo
jardinero s Un truco es poner un corte de cola de gato (Salix discolor) o
sauce sacacorchos (Salis matsudana) en el agua con recortes de otras que
estn tratando de raz.

Willows are strong producers of auxin, a water soluble growth hormone. Los
sauces son fuertes productores de la auxina, una hormona de crecimiento
solubles en agua. (Willow branches set in water will actually begin visible
root formation in less than two days.) Because auxin is water soluble it flows
out of the cut willow stems and is taken up by the S. divinorum cuttings,
thereby prompting root formation. (Ramas de sauce establecidos en el agua
comenzar realmente la formacin de races visibles en menos de dos das.)
Debido a que la auxina es soluble en agua que fluye fuera de la corte los
tallos de sauce y es absorbida por los cortes de la S. divinorum, lo que
provoc la formacin de races. You can get fresh cut branches of pussy
willow and corkscrew willow at almost any florist. Usted puede conseguir
cortar ramas frescas de cola de gato y el sauce del sacacorchos en casi
cualquier floristera. The downside to using a willow cutting is that you may
unwittingly introduce pathogens into the water. La desventaja de usar un

corte de sauce es que sin darse cuenta puede introducir patgenos en el

agua. Some growers wash their cuttings in an antifungal to reduce the risk
of stem rot. Algunos productores de lavarse las estacas en un antifngico
para reducir el riesgo de la pudricin del tallo. We have not found this
necessary so long as only purified drinking water is the rooting liquid and
the rooting vase is thoroughly clean. No hemos encontrado lo requieran,
siempre y cuando slo agua potable purificada es el lquido de
enraizamiento y el vaso de enraizamiento est completamente limpio. An
alternative to commercial fungicides is a mixture of 1 tablespoon bleach to 1
gallon water. Una alternativa a los fungicidas comerciales es una mezcla de
1 cucharada de blanqueador a 1 galn de agua.

If your cutting was not just removed from the mother plant, take a very
sharp blade and re-cut the bottom, approximately 6 mm (0.25 in) below the
lowest node. Si el corte no se acaban de retirar la planta madre, tomar una
hoja muy afilada y volver a cortar la parte inferior, de aproximadamente 6
mm (0,25 pulgadas) por debajo del nudo inferior. Make sure you have the
cutting properly oriented before you make the cut. Asegrese de que tiene
el corte correctamente orientado antes de hacer el corte. Immediately after
making the fresh cut, carefully lower the cutting into the prepared waterfilled rooting vase. Inmediatamente despus de hacer el corte fresco, baje
con cuidado el corte en el vaso de agua lleno de enraizamiento preparados.
At least one node should be above the water line and at least one below.
Immediately place the vase into the waiting humidity chamber and give the
cutting a series of squirts from a hand mister. Por lo menos un nodo debe
estar por encima de la lnea de agua y al menos una continuacin.
Inmediatamente coloque el vaso en la cmara de humedad de espera y dar
a la corte una serie de chorros de un seor mano.

Waiting for roots to form Esperando a las races para formar

Your cutting should now spend all its time inside the humidity chamber. Su
corte ahora debera pasar todo su tiempo en la cmara de humedad. It's
optimum if you can keep the inside temperature of the chamber at around
21C (70F). Es ptimo si se puede mantener la temperatura interior de la
cmara alrededor de 21 C (70 F). The chamber should be well-lit, but not
in direct sun. La cmara debe estar bien iluminado, pero no al sol directo.

The humidity inside the chamber should approach 100 percent. La humedad
dentro de la cmara debe acercarse al 100 por ciento. This is easy to
achieve by occasionally opening the top of the chamber and misting the
inside with room temperature purified drinking water. Esto es fcil de
conseguir de vez en cuando la apertura de la parte superior de la cmara de
nebulizacin y el interior con temperatura de agua potable purificada

habitacin. You can combat stress and promote quicker rooting, by foliar
feeding once a day. Usted puede combatir el estrs y promover la ms
rpida de enraizamiento, por la alimentacin foliar una vez al da. To do this,
fill another misting bottle with strength Stern's Miracle Gro or Earth
Juice along with two tablespoons seaweed extract per gallon. Para ello,
llene otra botella de nebulizacin con de la fuerza de Stern Milagro Gro
o Jugo Earth , junto con dos cucharadas de extracto de algas marinas por
galn. Each time you mist or foliar feed, fan the air in the chamber a bit
before you spray to provide some beneficial air circulation. Cada vez que
pienso o foliar la niebla, ventilador del aire en la cmara un poco antes de
que aerosol para proporcionar una cierta circulacin de aire beneficioso.

In our experience, if you follow these procedures and keep the chamber in
indirect sunlight or under bright fluorescent lights (dark at night is fine), the
cutting should produce roots in two to three weeks. En nuestra experiencia,
si usted sigue estos procedimientos y mantener la cmara a la luz solar
indirecta o bajo las luces brillantes fluorescentes (oscuridad de la noche est
muy bien), el corte debe producir races en dos o tres semanas. You may
even begin to see new leaf and side shoot growth. Usted puede incluso
comenzar a ver la pgina y el crecimiento de brotes secundarios.

The first sign of roots will be tiny pin-prick-size white pimples that will
appear on the stem. El primer signo de races que se vean pequeos granos
blancos pin-prick-tamao que aparecer en el tallo. A few days after these
appear, they will begin to lengthen, quickly becoming delicate thin roots.
pocos das despus de una stos aparecen, se comienzan a alargarse,
convirtindose rpidamente en delicadas races delgadas. In the humidity
chamber, with daily spray bottle misting, it is not uncommon for these roots
to form above the waterline and reach out into the humid air, looking like
neuronal dendrites. En la cmara de humedad, con un spray de nebulizacin
botella diaria, no es raro que estas races para formar por encima de la lnea
de flotacin y llegar en el aire hmedo, el aspecto de las dendritas
neuronales.

When the roots are approximately 2.5 cm (1 in) long, it's time to plant the
cutting in soil. Cuando las races son de aproximadamente 2,5 cm (1
pulgada) de largo, es el momento para plantar el corte en el suelo. Letting
the roots grow any longer seems to make them more susceptible to shock
and increases the opportunity for stem rot. Dejar que las races crecen por
ms tiempo parece que los hacen ms susceptibles a los golpes y aumenta
la posibilidad de que la pudricin del tallo.

Planting in soil La siembra en el suelo

Once your cutting has rooted in water, the next step is to plant it in its first
soil pot. Una vez que el corte tiene sus races en el agua, el paso siguiente
es la planta en la maceta del suelo en primer lugar. Obtain a pot that is tall
enough to allow soil to cover all the newly-formed roots. Obtener una olla
que es lo suficientemente alto como para permitir que el suelo para cubrir
todas las races recin formadas. The pot must have sufficient drainage
holes. Several holes around the periphery of the hase allow better drainage
than one single hole in the center. Healthy S. divinorum can produce a large
root mass quickly. El bote debe tener agujeros de drenaje suficiente.
Agujeros Varios alrededor de la periferia de la hase permitir un mejor
drenaje de un solo agujero en el centro. Saludables S. divinorum puede
producir un mayor volumen de races rpidamente. We recommend you
start your cutting in no smaller than a one gallon pot to avoid having to repot too soon. Se recomienda iniciar el corte en no menor de un galn olla
una para evitar tener que volver a bote antes de tiempo. We routinely start
ours in fifteen gallon pofs (and larger) and thcreby avoid re-potting
altogether. En forma rutinaria nuestro inicio en quince POFs galn (y
mayores) y thcreby evitar la re-encapsulamiento total.

For S. divinorum we only use plastic pots, not terracotta. Para S. divinorum
slo utilizamos macetas de plstico, no de terracota. ln our experience,
terra-cotta pots allow too much side evaporation to occur. En nuestra
experiencia, macetas de terra-cotta lado permiten la evaporacin
demasiado a ocurrir. The soil in plastic pots dries out slower and forces the
water to evaporate off the soil surface, thereby exposing the underside of
the plant to a very fine upward-rising mist. El suelo se seca en macetas de
plstico fuera ms lento y las fuerzas que el agua se evapora de la
superficie del suelo, exponiendo la parte inferior de la planta con una multa
ascendente-el aumento de la niebla muy. Just be sure you don't over-water,
as plastic pots are more conducive to root rot than terracotta pots. Slo
asegrese de no sobre el agua, como macetas de plstico son ms
conducentes a la pudricin de races que las ollas de barro.

Once you have mixed your soil (see p. 26), fill the bottom of your pot with
your mixture. Una vez que haya mezclado el suelo (ver p. 26), llene la parte
inferior de la olla con la mezcla. Then, carefully rest the hase of your cutting
on this soil as you sprinkle handfuls of your soil mixture around the stem,
being very careful not to tear the fine root hairs. Luego, con cuidado el resto
hase de su corte en este suelo a medida que espolvorear puados de la
mezcla del suelo alrededor del tronco, teniendo mucho cuidado de no
romper los pelos de races finas.

Loosely pack soil around the cutting until all the roots are covered and at
least one leaf node protrudes from the soil. Sin apretar paquete de suelo
alrededor de la corte hasta que todas las races estn cubiertas y al menos
un nodo de la hoja sobresale del suelo. The soil should be firm but not
compressed too tightly. El suelo debe ser firme pero no demasiado
firmemente comprimido.

Once in soil, give the plant a slow but thorough watering with room
temperature fish emulsion solution mixed at 1/2 the manufacture's
recommendation (using purified water is no longer necessary). Una vez en
el suelo, dan a la planta una lenta pero profunda de riego con la
temperatura del pescado solucin emulsin sala mixta a / 2 a la fabricacin
de la recomendacin 1 (con agua purificada ya no es necesario).
Immediately, place the potted plant back into the humidity chamber or into
a humidity tent (see next section). Inmediatamente, coloque la planta en
maceta de nuevo en la cmara de humedad o en una tienda de humedad
(ver seccin siguiente).

Constructing a humidity tent La construccin de una tienda de humedad

The humidity chamber, described earlier, is a great aid for rooting cuttings.
La cmara de humedad, descrito anteriormente, es una gran ayuda para el
enraizamiento de estacas. But, it is too small and, being made of glass, too
fragile to host potted plants. Sin embargo, es demasiado pequeo y, al ser
de vidrio, demasiado frgil para albergar las plantas en maceta. Therefore,
we strongly suggest that before you pot your young rooted cutting, you
prepare a larger humidity-controlled environment, which we call a humidity
"tent". Por lo tanto, le recomendamos que antes de que bote el corte de
races jvenes, a preparar un control de humedad ambiente ms amplio, lo
que llamamos una humedad "tienda".

Small humidity tents approximately 90 cm (3 ft) tall, made of plastic, and

looking somewhat like fully enclosed oblong umbrellas with bottoms, can be
found advertised in the back of gardening magazines or at specialty
gardening stores. Pequeas tiendas de humedad de aproximadamente 90
cm (3 pies) de altura, hecha de plstico, y buscando algo como
completamente cerrado oblonga paraguas con los fondos, se encuentra
anunciado en la parte posterior de las revistas de jardinera o en tiendas de
jardinera especialidad. These tents work well for young S. divinorum plants.
Estas tiendas funcionan bien para las plantas jvenes S. divinorum. The
humidity can be controlled by a small ultrasonic humidifier set on a timer, or
by simply squirting inside the tent with a hand mister a few times each day.
La humedad puede ser controlada por un humidificador ultrasnico pequeo
conjunto en un temporizador, o simplemente chorros dentro de la tienda con

un seor a mano un par de veces cada da. lt will not take long, however, for
your plant to outgrow such a small tent. lt no tomar mucho tiempo, sin
embargo, para su planta a superar esta pequea tienda de campaa.

A very good humidity-controlled environment, capable of housing a dozen or

so mature S. divinorum plants, can be made for about $140 by utilizing an
off-the-shelf "screen tent" available in the sporting goods department of KMart, Target, or similar stores. Un buen control de humedad ambiente muy,
capaz de albergar uno o ms maduros S. divinorum docena de plantas, se
puede hacer por alrededor de $ 140 por la utilizacin de un off-the-shelf
"tienda de la pantalla", disponible en el departamento de productos
deportivos de K-Mart, Target, o tiendas similares. The tents are sold as shade
or mosquito tents to protect picnickers, and feature fabric tops and fullyscreened side walls. Las tiendas se venden como los mosquitos o las tiendas
de sombra para proteger a excursionistas, y las tapas de tela de
caractersticas y deteccin paredes laterales-en su totalidad.

The best tent for our purposes has no bottom, but is otherwise fully
enclosed with screen and has quality tall zipper entrances. La mejor tienda
para nuestros propsitos no tiene fondo, pero por lo dems completamente
cerrado con la pantalla y tiene una calidad de entradas cremallera de altura.
The screen allows in filtered sunlight, and helps contain humidity, while still
allowing plenty of air circulation. La pantalla permite que la luz solar filtrada,
y ayuda a contener la humedad, al tiempo que permite un montn de
circulacin de aire. Another benefit to using such a tent is that beneficial
insects released inside it stay around much longer than if released in an
open environment. Otro beneficio de usar una tienda de campaa es que los
insectos benficos en libertad dentro de l quedarse por mucho ms tiempo
que si se liberan en un entorno abierto.

The grower who devised this system lives in an arid climate that regularly
reaches above 35C (95F) in the summer. El productor que ide este
sistema de vida en un clima rido que regularmente llega a ms de 35 C
(95 F) en verano. He purchased a screen tent for about $120 at Target and
rigged it with a rudimentary Raindrip watering system fitted with five
misting nozzles (Part No. R1 63C) suspended from the inside top and sides.
Turning on the water a few times a day for a few minutes (this can be set on
a timer), creates a perfect environment in which S. divinorum thrives ( Boire
1997 ). l compr una tienda de pantalla por alrededor de $ 120 en blanco y
aparejado con un rudimentario sistema de riego Raindrip equipada con
cinco boquillas de nebulizacin (N de pieza R1 63C) suspendido de la parte
superior por dentro y por partes. Volviendo sobre el agua un par de veces al
da durante unos minutos (esto se puede establecer en un contador de

tiempo), crea un ambiente perfecto en el que la S. divinorum prospera

( Boire 1.997 ).

Everyone who has seen our full-size humidity tent (outfitted as above), has
marveled at the ideal S. divinorum environment. Todos los que han visto el
tamao de nuestra tienda de campaa llena de humedad (equipado que el
anterior), se ha maravillado en la S. divinorum entorno ideal. The leaves of
our plants average 18 cm (7 in) in length and occasionally reach 25 cm (10
in). Las hojas de las plantas promedio de 18 cm (7 pulgadas) de largo y en
ocasiones alcanzan los 25 cm (10 pulgadas). If you live in an excessively
arid, hot, sunny, or windy location, we strongly recommend that you utilize
such a tent. Si usted vive en una regin rida, caliente y soleado, con viento
o ubicacin en exceso, le recomendamos que utilice una tienda de
campaa. lt is not only useful for growing S. divinorum, but numerous other
plants with a shamanic history. lt no slo es til para el cultivo de la S.
divinorum, pero numerosas otras plantas con antecedentes chamnicos.

In the winter months, the humidity tent is easily covered (for about $10.00)
with plastic sheeting. En los meses de invierno, la tienda de humedad es
fcilmente cubierto (por alrededor de $ 10.00) con lminas de plstico. In
places with a mild winter, this creates an inexpensive, but functional
greenhouse in which your plants can survive the winter. En lugares con un
invierno suave, esto crea una, pero funcional de efecto invernadero de bajo
costo en el cual las plantas pueden sobrevivir el invierno. Come spring, cut
larger and larger "windows" in the plastic sheeting to modulate the relative
humidity and inside temperature over a several week period until you have
removed all the plastic covering. Al llegar la primavera, corte cada vez ms
grandes "ventanas" en la lona de plstico para modular la humedad relativa
y temperatura en el interior durante un perodo de varias semanas hasta
que haya retirado toda la cubierta de plstico.

Growing outside a humidity tent Crecer fuera de una tienda de humedad

Despite what many people believe, it is possible to grow Salvia divinorum
outside a humidity-controlled environment, it just takes some care and
attention. A pesar de lo que muchos creen, es posible cultivar la Salvia
divinorum fuera de un entorno controlado por la humedad, slo requiere un
poco de cuidado y atencin. Many growers have given up on this after
removing a plant from a humidity-controlled environment and finding it
completely wilted only an hour later. Muchos agricultores han renunciado a
esto despus de la eliminacin de una planta de un entorno controlado por
la humedad y resulta completamente marchitas slo una hora despus.

The trick to growing S. divinorum in a non-humidity-controlled environment

is careful "hardening off". El truco a la creciente S. divinorum en un entorno
no-con control de humedad es cuidadoso "endurecimiento". Growing S.
Crecimiento S. divinorum in a humidity-controlled environment makes the
plants "soft" and less able to cope with environmental changes, but if you
help them adjust they are able to do so. divinorum en un entorno controlado
por la humedad hace que las plantas "suave" y menos capaces de hacer
frente a los cambios ambientales, pero si usted les ayuda a ajustar son
capaces de hacerlo. Never remove a S. divinorum plant from a humiditycontrolled environment and leave it out in the open air all at once. Nunca
quite una planta de la S. divinorum de un medio ambiente controlado de
humedad y se deja en el aire libre de una vez. You must incrementally give
the plant more and more exposure to dry air, wind, and sunlight. Usted debe
dar gradualmente plantar ms y ms la exposicin de la al aire seco, el
viento y la luz del sol. The best technique is the following. Water your plant
thoroughly, remove it from the humidity tent, and set it in a shady, windprotected spot. Give the plant a hand misting. La mejor tcnica es la
siguiente. Riegue su planta de fondo, retrelo de la tienda de humedad, y la
puso en una, protegida del viento lugar a la sombra. Dar a la planta una
nebulizacin mano. Set a timer to alert you when one hour has passed. Use
un cronmetro para que le avise cuando haya pasado una hora. When the
timer rings, return the plant to its controlled environment. Cuando suene la
alarma, el rendimiento de la planta a su medio ambiente controlado. Each
day, remove the plant for an additional hour, so that by the end of two
weeks it is spending all day outdoors. Todos los das, retire la planta durante
una hora adicional, de modo que al cabo de dos semanas es pasar todo el
da al aire libre. Pay attention to how the sun moves to ensure that a plant
placed in morning shade does not receive direct afternoon sunlight. Preste
atencin a cmo el sol se mueve para asegurar que una planta colocada en
la sombra por la maana no recibe luz solar directa por la tarde. Once the
plant is acclimated, it should be given a permanent home in a wind
protected location that receives filtered sunlight. Una vez que la planta est
aclimatada, se le debe dar un hogar permanente en un lugar protegido del
viento que recibe la luz del sol se filtra. Consider installing a drip watering
system with misting nozzles for ease of care. Considere instalar un sistema
de riego por goteo con boquillas para facilitar su cuidado.

Optimum growing parameters ptima de los parmetros de crecimiento

Soil Suelo
Salvia divinorum does best in loose rich potting soil and/or leaf mold, with
good drainage. Salvia divinorum es mejor perder un suelo rico en macetas y

/ o moho de la hoja, con buen drenaje. We do not use perlite or vermiculite,

but many other successful growers do. No utilizamos perlita o vermiculita,
pero lo hacen otros muchos productores exitosos. We avoid soil that
contains any redwood or cedar chips. Evitamos el suelo que contiene fichas
de secoya o cedro. Our best results have been obtained by using slightly
aged (ie, brown) grass clippings and a little aged steer manure, mixed with
good, rich, dark potting soil, compost, and coarse sand. Nuestros mejores
resultados se han obtenido utilizando un poco de edad (es decir, marrn)
recortes de csped y un poco de estircol de buey de edad, mezclado con el
bien, y oscura tierra para macetas ricos, compost y arena gruesa.

Soils in tropical environments like the Sierra Mazateca typically contain a

great amount of organic material. The natural breakdown of this organic
material produces a pH that is slightly acidic and also aerates the soil. Los
suelos en ambientes tropicales como la Sierra Mazateca suelen contener
una gran cantidad de material orgnico. La distribucin natural de esta
materia orgnica produce un pH que es ligeramente cida y airea el suelo.
We have found that S. divinorum does well by duplicating these soil
conditions. Hemos encontrado que la S. divinorum hace bien mediante la
duplicacin de estas condiciones de suelo.

The soil mixture we use is: La mezcla de tierra que utilizamos es:

1 part aged grass cuttings Una parte de entre cortes de la hierba

1 part compost 1 parte de compost
1 part coarse sand 1 parte de arena gruesa
part aged steer manure parte media de edad de direccin del estircol
3 parts rich soil 3 partes de tierra frtil
Another successful grower we know ( Chomicz 1998 ) uses the following soil
mix with great success: Otro productor de xito que conocemos ( Chomicz
1998 ) utiliza la mezcla de tierra con gran xito las siguientes:

2 five-gallon buckets coconut "coir" fiber (or substitute black peat) 2 baldes
de cinco galones de coco "coco" de la fibra (o turba negro sustituto)
1 bucket coarse sand Una cubeta con arena gruesa
1 bucket vermiculite 1 cubo de vermiculita

1 bucket perlite 1 cubo de perlita

1 bucket rich soil Un cubo de un suelo rico
1 bucket compost 1 cubo de abono
6 cups of an equal part blend of organic nutrients: colloidal phosphate,
greensand, and bloodmeal 6 tazas de una mezcla de partes iguales de
materia orgnica: fosfato coloidal, arena verde, y la harina de sangre
cup ground limestone (double if using peat) de taza de suelo calizo (el
doble si se utiliza la turba)
Leander Valds, who studied S. divinorum at the University of Michigan,
used the following mixture: Leandro Valds, quien estudi la S. divinorum en
la Universidad de Michigan, que se utiliza la siguiente mezcla:

4 parts soil 4 partes de tierra

2 parts peat moss 2 partes de turba
1 part vermiculite 1 parte de vermiculita
1 part perlite 1 parte de perlita
You may wish to experiment with these formulas. Es posible que desee
experimentar con estas frmulas. If you are concerned that your soil may be
too dense or clay-like, try adding some styrofoam packing "noodles" used to
protect fragile items. Si usted est preocupado de que su suelo puede ser
demasiado densa o de arcilla, como, pruebe a aadir algunos de embalaje
de espuma de poliestireno "fideos" que se utiliza para proteger los objetos
frgiles. Break them up with a hand trowel and thoroughly mix them into
your soil. Rotura de los mismos con una pala de mano y mezclar bien ellos
en su tierra. They are completely inert and work well at lightening soil (and,
mixing them into soil provokes an interesting meditation on modernity).
Ellos son completamente inertes y funcionan bien en el suelo un rayo (y,
mezclndolos en el suelo provoca una reflexin interesante sobre la
modernidad).

Regardless of what soil mixture you use, try to keep your soil pH between
6.1 and 6.6. Independientemente de lo que se utiliza mezcla de tierra, trate
de mantener el pH del suelo entre 6.1 y 6.6. Were able to achieve this by
watering approximately once a month with Stern's Miracid or with a
solution of 1 tablespoon of 50- grain (5 percent) natural apple cider vinegar
to one gallon of water. Fueron capaces de lograr esto mediante el riego
aproximadamente una vez al mes con los Miracid Stern o con una

solucin de 1 cucharada de 50 - de grano (5 por ciento), vinagre de sidra

natural a un galn de agua.

If your soil is too alkaline (above 7.0) you can make it more acidic by mixing
in small amounts of powdered sulfur or chelated iron. Si el suelo es
demasiado alcalina (por encima de 7.0) que puede hacer que sea ms cida
mediante la mezcla en pequeas cantidades de azufre o quelato de hierro
en polvo. If your soil is way too acidic, add ground limestone or crushed
oyster shells to increase the alkalinity. Si el suelo es demasiado cido, aadir
piedra caliza molida o triturada ostras para aumentar la alcalinidad.

Temperature Temperatura
In its "natural" environment of the Sierra Mazateca, the highest temperature
is about 26C (78F), and more typically ranges between 16-21C (60-70F).
En su medio "natural" de la Sierra Mazateca, la temperatura ms alta es de
26 C (78 F), y ms generalmente oscila entre 16 a 21 C (60-70 F).
Salvia divinorum does best in a relatively cool and mild climate. Above 29C
(85F), any plant that isn't well acclimated, or inside a humidity tent, will
show signs of wilting. Salvia divinorum es mejor en un lugar fresco y suave
clima relativamente. Por encima de 29 C (85 F), cualquier planta que no
est bien aclimatado, o dentro de una tienda de humedad, se muestran
signos de marchitamiento. If your plant is properly acclimated and/or inside
a humidity tent, it should withstand warm days without any harm. Si la
planta est bien aclimatados y / o dentro de una tienda de humedad, que
debe soportar das de calor sin ningn tipo de dao. On very hot days,
simply leave the misters on longer. En los das de mucho calor, simplemente
deje el rociadores ms tiempo.

If the temperature drops below freezing, S. divinorum will quickly die, wilting
and turning a horrifying black overnight. Si la temperatura desciende bajo
cero, la S. divinorum morir rpidamente, marchitez y convertir un da para
otro negro horrible. Therefore, if you live in a cold location you will need to
move your S. divinorum plants indoors or into a heated greenhouse during
the severest winter months. Por lo tanto, si usted vive en un lugar fro
tendr que mover sus plantas de S. divinorum en el interior o en un
invernadero con calefaccin durante los meses de invierno ms severo. We
have not discovered any way to resuscitate a frozen plant. No hemos
descubierto ninguna forma de resucitar a una planta de congelado. The best
you can do, should one of your plants fall victim to unexpected cold
temperatures, is to cut it back to about 26 cm (10 in) above the soil level,
and hope that the rootball survived. Lo mejor que puede hacer, si una de
sus plantas son vctimas inesperadas bajas temperaturas, es volver a cortar
unos 26 cm (10 pulgadas) por encima del nivel del suelo, y la esperanza de

que el cepelln sobrevivido. Come warmer temperatures, the plant might

recover - but many don't. Ven a temperaturas ms clidas, la planta puede
recuperarse - pero muchos no lo hacen. (Plants that do grow back after a
freeze often grow prolifically because of the well-developed rootmass.) (Las
plantas que vuelven a crecer despus de una congelacin a menudo crecen
prolficamente debido a la desarrollada rootmass as.)

Most growers who move their plants indoors during the winter, perform their
major leaf harvest in late summer. This garners a substantial amount of
foliage while also making it much easier to move the otherwise lanky plants
with less risk of damage. La mayora de los productores que se desplazan en
el interior de sus plantas durante el invierno, lleve a cabo su importante
cosecha de hojas a finales de verano. Este graneros una cantidad
considerable de hojas al mismo tiempo lo que es mucho ms fcil mover el
larguirucho plantas de otra manera con un menor riesgo de dao. Cut the
plants back to about 26 cm (10 in) above the soil level. Cortar las plantas a
unos 26 cm (10 pulgadas) por encima del nivel del suelo. They will heal and
grow just a hit during the fall. Ellos sanar y crecer slo un golpe durante la
cada. As temperatures grow colder move them inside under artificial lights
or into a heated greenhouse. Cuando las temperaturas crecen ms fros que
se mueven en el interior bajo luces artificiales o en un invernadero con
calefaccin.

Another winter option is to force your plants into dormancy by cutting them
back and moving them to a fairly well-lit but cool shelter - no colder than
4C (40F). Otra opcin de invierno es la fuerza de sus plantas en dormancia
por el corte de nuevo y moverlos a un lugar bien iluminado pero fresco
refugio bastante - no ms fro a 4 C (40 F). With little or no leaves on
them, the plants require watering only about once every six weeks (no
misting is required) and can withstand at least four months of such
conditions without harm ( Beifuss 1998 ). Con poco o nada deja en ellos, las
plantas requieren de riego slo una vez cada seis semanas (no nebulizacin
es necesario) y puede soportar al menos cuatro meses a partir de esas
condiciones sin causar dao ( Beifuss 1998 ). This is a good technique for
those who wish a vacation from tending their plants year-round. Esta es una
buena tcnica para aquellos que desean unas vacaciones de cuidado de sus
plantas durante todo el ao.

Misting, watering & feeding La nebulizacin, riego y la alimentacin

Even well-established Salvia divinorum plants do best with regular misting.
Incluso las plantas de Salvia divinorum bien establecida mejor con
nebulizacin regular. If you only have a few plants, this can be done with a
hand spray bottle, filled with room temperature purified water. Si slo tiene

unas pocas plantas, esto se puede hacer con una botella de spray a mano,
llena de temperatura de agua purificada habitacin. Water quality can
markedly affect S. divinorum. La calidad del agua pueden afectar
notablemente a la S. divinorum. You might consider experimenting with
collected rainwater, unless you live in an area affected by acid rain. Usted
podra considerar la posibilidad de experimentar con el agua de lluvia
recogida, a menos que usted vive en una zona afectada por la lluvia cida.
(Check the pH of collected rainwater before using it.) (Marque el pH del agua
de lluvia recolectada antes de usarlo.)

Avoid tap water that is excessively hard (ie, above 150 ppm hardness), or
water with sodium levels above 50 ppm (a level which some municipal
water can exceed even without softening). Evite el agua del grifo que es
excesivamente dura (es decir, por encima de la dureza de 150 ppm), o agua
con niveles de sodio por encima de 50 ppm (un nivel que un poco de agua
municipal puede superar incluso sin ablandar). Water above these levels has
a deleterious effect upon S. divinorum. Agua por encima de estos niveles
tiene un efecto deletreo sobre la S. divinorum.

If you have several plants, we recommend that you purchase a pump-type

spray bottle. Si tiene varias plantas, se recomienda que usted compra una
botella de spray-tipo. These bottles hold about two liters of water and have
a pump that protrudes from the cap. Estas botellas tienen alrededor de dos
litros de agua y tiene una bomba que sobresale de la tapa. After pumping
them up, they emit a fine spray just by squeezing the trigger. Despus de
bombear para arriba, que emiten un roco fino con slo apretar el gatillo.
These bottles can be purchased at K-Mart for about $10.00. Estas botellas se
pueden comprar en K-Mart por alrededor de $ 10.00.

If your plants are grown outdoors or in a humidity tent, we strongly

recommend that you set up a drip watering system that utilizes misting
nozzles. Si las plantas se cultivan al aire libre o en una tienda de humedad,
se recomienda encarecidamente que configure un sistema de riego por
goteo que utiliza boquillas de nebulizacin. (The Raindrip misting nozzle
mentioned earlier delivers 3 gallons per hour.) This is certainly the most
efficient way to mist your plants. (El Raindrip boquilla de nebulizacin se
mencion anteriormente ofrece 3 galones por hora.) Este es sin duda la
forma ms eficiente a la niebla de sus plantas. You can set such a system on
a timer to turn on for five minutes several times per day, or you can turn the
water on by hand. Regular misting keeps the soil damp on top, but don't
make the mistake of thinking that regular watering is not also required.
Puede establecer un sistema en un temporizador para encender durante
cinco minutos varias veces al da, o puede convertir el agua en la mano.

Nebulizacin regular mantiene el suelo hmedo en la parte superior, pero no

cometas el error de pensar que regular riego no es necesario.

We water our S. divinorum every 7 to 10 days with a fish emulsion mixture,

according to directions on the bottle. Regamos nuestra S. divinorum cada 7
a 10 das con una mezcla de emulsin de pescado, de acuerdo con las
instrucciones en la botella. We use Alaska "fish fertilizer", which is 5-1-1.
There are some drawbacks to using fish emulsion. Utilizamos Alaska
"abono de pescado", que es 5-1-1. Hay algunos inconvenientes a la
emulsin de pescado utilizando. As you would expect, fish emulsion stinks,
and you should seriously consider this before watering indoor plants with it.
Como era de esperar, emulsin de pescado huele mal, y usted debera
considerar seriamente esta antes de regar las plantas de interior de la
misma. Even for outdoor plants, the fishy odor is strong enough to call out
to roaming cats, dogs, possums, or other animals. Incluso para las plantas al
aire libre, el olor a pescado es lo suficientemente fuerte como para llamar a
los gatos de itinerancia, los perros, zarigeyas y otros animales. Therefore, if
you feed your plants with fish emulsion be sure they are in a protected
location where curious animals cannot get to them! Por lo tanto, si usted
alimenta sus plantas con emulsin de pescado asegurarse de que estn en
un lugar protegido donde los animales curiosos no puede llegar a ellos! Also,
more than powdered fertilizers, fish emulsion seems to attract insect pests.
Adems, ms de fertilizantes en polvo, emulsin de pescado parece atraer a
las plagas de insectos. All things considered, it is still our choice of fertilizer.
A fin de cuentas, sigue siendo la eleccin de los fertilizantes.

Every third watering or so, rather than use fish emulsion we use Stern's
Miracid a 30-10-10 fertilizer that contains chelated iron, magnesium and
zinc. Cada tercer riego ms o menos, en lugar de emulsin de pescado uso
que el uso de Miracid Stern un fertilizante 30-10-10 que contiene quelato
de hierro, magnesio y zinc. This helps keep our soil slightly acidic. Esto
ayuda a mantener nuestro suelo ligeramente cido. We water about onethird as often in the winter months, but mist just as frequently. Tenemos el
agua alrededor de un tercio con tanta frecuencia en los meses de invierno,
pero la niebla tan frecuente. In his experiments at the University of
Michigan, Valds fertilized his plants once per week with Stern's Miracle
Gro a 15-30-15 fertilizer. En sus experimentos en la Universidad de
Michigan, Valds fertilizado sus plantas una vez por semana con Stern's
Miracle Gro un fertilizante 15-30-15. To increase the acidity of the solution
he added I ml of an 85% phosphoric acid solution per 5 gallons of water
( Valds et al. 1987 ). Para aumentar la acidez de la solucin que he aadido
ml de una solucin de cido fosfrico 85% por cada 5 galones de agua
( Valds et al. 1987 ). The soil should never be allowed to become bone dry.
El suelo no se debe permitir que se seca. By watering once every 7 to 10
days, and misting every day, our soil cycles from very wet immediately after

watering, to almost dry on the day before the next watering. Al regar una
vez cada 7 a 10 das, y nebulizacin todos los das, nuestros ciclos de suelo
de muy hmedo inmediatamente despus del riego, para secar casi el da
antes del siguiente riego. Allowing the soil moisture to cycle in this way
encourages aeration and guards against root rot. Permitir que la humedad
del suelo para pasar de esta manera promueve la aireacin y la protege
contra la pudricin de la raz.

Light Luz
Salvia divinorum does best in filtered sunlight. Salvia divinorum es mejor la
luz solar filtrada. Conventional wisdom is to avoid all direct sunlight and
such advice is, by and large, good advice. La sabidura convencional es
evitar toda la luz solar directa y el asesoramiento como es, y, un buen
consejo general. We have found, however, that once acclimated, S.
divinorum does fine with some direct sunlight each day. Hemos encontrado,
sin embargo, que una vez aclimatados, S. divinorum se multa con algunos
rayos directos del sol cada da. A plant that gets too much direct sunlight
will start to develop smaller deformed and coarse leaves. Una planta que
recibe luz directa del sol demasiado comenzar a desarrollar pequeas y
gruesas hojas deformadas.

Once they have been potted into soil, we grow all our plants in natural
sunlight. Una vez que han sido plantadas en el suelo, nos hacemos todas
nuestras plantas de luz natural. The single best supplement to natural light
is a high pressure sodium (HPS) lamp. El mejor suplemento individual a la
luz natural es una de sodio de alta presin (HPS) de la lmpara. An HPS
lamp is more efficient than an equivalent watt metal halide lamp and its
spectrum of light is more conducive to the rooting of new cuttings. Una
lmpara de HPS es ms eficiente que una lmpara de halogenuros metlicos
vatios equivalentes y su espectro de luz ms favorable para el
enraizamiento de estacas nuevas. As a supplement to natural light, a 400
watt HPS lamp will illuminate a primary growing area of just under 2 square
meters (about 6 ft x 6 ft). Como complemento a la luz natural, una lmpara
de 400 vatios HPS se iluminar una zona de cultivo primario de algo menos
de 2 metros cuadrados (alrededor de 6 pies x 6 pies). For growers with three
or fewer plants, a 250 watt HPS lamp should suffice. Para los productores
con tres o menos plantas, de 250 vatios de HPS debera ser suficiente.

Plants grown exclusively under a sodium lamp, however, will be slightly

leggier than plants grown under a metal halide lamp. Las plantas que crecen
exclusivamente en virtud de una lmpara de sodio, sin embargo, ser un
poco leggier que las plantas cultivadas bajo una lmpara de halogenuros
metlicos. Therefore, if you are growing S. divinorum without any natural

light and want to maximize vegetative growth, a metal halide lamp is your
best choice ( Chomicz 1998 ). Por lo tanto, si usted est creciendo la S.
divinorum sin luz natural y quieren maximizar el crecimiento vegetativo, una
lmpara de halogenuros metlicos es su mejor opcin ( Chomicz 1.998 ).
Valds reported that his plants did well under cool white VHO fluorescent
lights ( Valds et al. 1987 ). Valds inform que sus plantas le fue bien en
fresco luces fluorescentes VHO blanco ( Valds et al. 1987 ). Another grower
has successfully used a 400 watt metal halide lamp to illuminate a 2.5
square meter (about 8 ft x 8 ft) growing space ( Beifuss 1997 ). Otro
agricultor ha utilizado con xito un metal de 400 vatios para iluminar la
lmpara de haluro un cuadrado de 2,5 metros (cerca de 8 pies x 8 pies) de
espacio de crecimiento ( Beifuss 1.997 ). He reports that the leaves lighten
in color, but this does not seem to harm the plants nor affect their potency.
l informa que las hojas se aclare su color, pero esto no parece hacer dao a
las plantas ni afecten a su potencia.

When using a high-watt lamp (HPS or metal halide), keep the lamp at least
two feet above the plants to avoid burning them. Cuando se utiliza un vatio
de la lmpara de alta (HPS o de halogenuros metlicos), mantenga la
lmpara por lo menos dos pies por encima de las plantas para evitar su
combustin. A reddish blush to the leaves indicates that the light is still too
close to the plant tops. Because high-watt lamps emit a dry heat, extra
misting may be necessary. Un rubor de color rojizo a las hojas indica que la
luz est todava demasiado cerca de la parte superior de la planta. Porque
vatios lmparas de alta emiten un calor seco, nebulizacin adicionales que
sean necesarias. Before doing this however, shield the lamp from water
droplets. Antes de hacer esto sin embargo, escudo de la lmpara de gotas
de agua. Hot lamps can explode if water hits them! lmparas calientes
pueden explotar si el agua llega a ellos! Under artificial light, S. divinorum
foliage is maximized with eighteen hours of light per day. Bajo luz artificial,
follaje S. divinorum se maximiza con dieciocho horas de luz por da. To
produce flowers, natural or artificial light must be reduced to no more than
11 hours per day. Para producir las flores, la luz natural o artificial debe ser
reducido a no ms de 11 horas por da.

Hydroponic cultivation Cultivo hidropnico

Salvia divinorum can be grown hydroponically. Salvia divinorum puede ser
cultivada hidropnicos. A basic hydroponic setup utilizes a special growing
medium in place of soil, and a rudimentary drip system driven by a low
wattage aquarium pump that trickles a stream of nutrient solution through
the growing medium. Una configuracin bsica hidropnico utiliza un medio
de cultivo especial en lugar de la tierra, y un sistema de goteo rudimentaria
impulsado por una bomba de baja potencia del acuario que se escurre una
corriente de solucin nutritiva a travs del medio de cultivo. The solution is

recaptured in a reservoir, oxygenated by a second aquarium pump fitted

with a bubbler, and re-circulated. La solucin es recapturado en un depsito,
oxigenada por un segundo acuario bomba con un pelele, y volver a circular.

Although hydroponic cultivation requires extra attentiveness by the grower,

at least one very successful cultivator, Mr. Andrew Chomicz, reports that the
additional care is rewarded with excellent results. Si bien el cultivo
hidropnico requiere atencin extra por parte del productor, por lo menos
un xito muy cultivador, el Sr. Andrew Chomicz, informa que la atencin
adicional es recompensado con excelentes resultados. The following
sections are derived from his extensive exploration of S. divinorum
hydroponic cultivation techniques ( Chomicz 1998 ). En las secciones
siguientes se derivan de su exploracin amplia de tcnicas de cultivo
hidropnico divinorum S. ( Chomicz 1998 ).

Growing medium Medio de cultivo

Salvia divinorum does weil in a 75/25 mix of expanded clay pebbles and
coconut fiber (aka "coconut coil"). Expanded clay pebbles manufactured
specifically for hydroponic growing (and sold under brand names such as
HydroRock and Grorox) offer superior oxygenation to rockwool, and are
far more environmentally friendly than rockwool slabs. Salvia divinorum se
Weil en una mezcla 75/25 de bolas de arcilla expandida y fibra de coco
(tambin conocido como "la bobina de coco"). arcilla expandida piedras
fabricadas especficamente para cultivo hidropnico (y se venden bajo
marcas como HydroRock y Grorox) ofrecen oxigenacin superiores de
lana de roca, y son mucho ms respetuosos del medio ambiente de losas de
lana de roca.

Coconut fiber is a recent breakthrough in hydroponic cultivation - a welcome

alternative to materials like peat (which is often ravenously scoured from
sensitive peat bogs). La fibra de coco es un avance reciente en el cultivo
hidropnico - una buena alternativa a los materiales como turba (que a
menudo es vorazmente fregado de las turberas y minsculas). Coconut
fibers are a completely natural product recovered from the waste stream of
commercial coconut processing. fibras de coco es un producto natural
completamente recuperado de la corriente de desechos del procesamiento
de coco comerciales. The fibers are excellent at holding oxygen as well as
water, thereby improving aeration. Las fibras son excelentes para la
celebracin de oxgeno, as como el agua, mejorando as la aireacin. They
also help stabilize pH and buffer against nutrient fluctuations and temporary
equipment malfunctions. Tambin ayudan a estabilizar el pH y el
amortiguador frente a fluctuaciones de nutrientes y el equipo mal

funcionamiento temporal. Coconut fiber even seems to discourage some

plant pathogens.

Mr. Chomicz has experimented with water culture - a system that entirely
dispenses with a solid growing medium. In water culture the roots of the
plants are suspended or floated in a bath of constantly re- circulating and
oxygenated liquid nutrient.

A similar technique, known as "nutrient film technique" (NFT) employs

channels, tubes, or gutters, in which the plants hang, and through which a
thin film of nutrient solution constantly circulates. An even more minimalist
technique, called "aeroponics," constantly mists the roots with nutrient
solution. Because aeroponics provides a highly-oxygenated solution, S.
divinorum grown aeroponically is said to do remarkably well. The major draw
back, however, is that an aeroponic system must function flawlessly. The
slightest glitch (eg, an interruption of power or a clogged mister) spells
disaster; for without any growing medium to retain water, the roots quickly
dry out and suffer potentially irremediable damage.

Nutrient management Manejo de nutrientes

There are numerous brands of fertilizer that are manufactured expressly for
hydroponic systems. No particular brand or formulation stands out as best
for Salvia divinorum. Because S. divinorum seems to appreciate mineral-rich
media, look for a formula which contains micro nutrients in addition to the
usual profile of macro nutrients.

Use a formula intended for vegetative growth and follow the manufacturer's
directions to mix the solution. If the manufacturer gives different mixing
ratios for specific crops, good results will be obtained by following the ratio
used for growing lettuce or other leafy crops. If you have an EC meter (an
instrument that measures electric conductivity - a function of the
concentration of dissolved fertilizer salts in the nutrient solution) aim for an
EC level of between 1.6 and 2.4.

It is very important that you change your nutrient solution regularly. When
plants are actively growing, this means a complete change of solution every
four to six weeks. Although the nutrient solution is re-captured in a reservoir
and re-circulated, the amount of liquid in circulation will slowly decrease due
to evaporation and plant respiration. Top-up the reservoir with a strength
nutrient solution. Using a strength solution will help guard against the

accumulation of excess nutrients while still replenishing those which have

been depleted.

Salvia divinorum roots love oxygen. For this reason, it helps to oxygenate
the nutrient solution when it is re-captured in the reservoir. This is easily
done by employing a second aquarium pump fitted with a bubbler placed in
the reservoir. You can also take advantage of the fact that oxygen is more
soluble in cool water. Generally speaking, the colder the water, the higher
the content of oxygen. Simply by keeping your nutrient solution cool, you
will increase the oxygen content of the solution and significantly benefit
your plants. The optimum temperature of nutrient solution is between 1821C (65-70F). Using a solution that is much warmer will stress the plants
and invite serious pathogens such as the root-rotting fungus pythium.
Therefore, it is important to keep your nutrient reservoir out of direct sun
from late spring to early fall.

In the winter months, it may be necessary to slightly heat the nutrient

solution. Use an aquarium heater in the reservoir, or use a dark colored
reservoir to absorb warming sunlight.

pH pH
Hydroponic cultivation requires very careful attention to the pH of the
nutrient solution. For the clay pebbles/coconut fiber medium, a pH of
between 5.5 and 6.0 is optimum. For rockwool, a more alkaline solution of
between 6.0 and 6.3 seems best in order to protect against an acidic
breakdown of the rockwool's mineral structure. Inexpensive pH test strips
are the best way to monitor the pH of the solution, unless you invest in an
expensive pH pen or meter. (Low-priced pH meters are notoriously
inaccurate and unreliable). Phosphoric acid can be used to lower pH, while
adding potassium hydroxide will raise pH. The pH of the solution should be
tested at least every three days, and immediately adjusted as required.

Pests Plagas
There are a number of insects that commonly feast on Salvia divinorum and,
which if not controlled, can severely stress the plant, or in extreme cases
prove fatal. We avoid all non-organic pesticides and strongly recommend
that you do the same. All the common pests of S. divinorum are relatively

easy to control, and an attentive gardener should notice their appearance

before any infestation becomes critical. Each of the common pests will be
discussed below with specific control tips. In addition to the control tactics
discussed below for each particular pest, we have had great success
controlling aphids and whiteflies by spraying the following solution on the
infested leaves whenever we notice the pests. The solution does not harm S.
divinorum and is non-toxic:

4 parts water
1 part rubbing alcohol
1 part liquid castile soap
If your plants ever become infested with whitefly eggs, try washing them off
with pure liquid castile soap. This is a labor intensive process, but a labor of
love. Dab your hands in a bowl of the liquid soap and gently rub infested
leaves between your thumb and fingers, thereby dislodging the eggs Spray
off the soap with a misting bottle. Don't worry about the soapy runoff or
residue left on the leaves, It is harmless.

In extreme cases of infestation, pyrethrin (aka pyrethrum) maybe called for.

Pyrethrin is a natural product extracted from Chrysanthemum flowers.
(Synthetic versions are called pyrethroids.) Pyrethrin is an insect nerve
poison and is commonly used to control pests on fruits and vegetables. It
kills insects rather indiscriminately however, dealing a death blow to
beneficial insects such as ladybugs.

Pyrethrin is the active ingredient in many commercial products marketed as

safe for use on fruits and vegetables. While it is organic and commonly used
on food crops, in an abundance of caution we recommend using it only as a
last resort. It is moderately toxic to mammals and can trigger hay fever in
some people. Also, in an abundance of caution we recommend avoiding any
product that contains piperonyl butoxide (BTO), a synergistic additive that
boosts the effectiveness of pyrethrin, but which may detrimentally affect the
human nervous system.

Whiteflies
Whiteflies ( Trialeurodes Vaporariorum ) parasitize Salvia divinorum, and if
not controlled can significantly weaken a plant. You probably won't notice
them until you brush against a leaf and suddenly notice flying white dots
about 1 mm (.04 in) in size. Whiteflies congregate on the underside of

leaves Ind lay eggs. They harm the plant by sucking its sap Ind by producing
a honeydew-like excreta that can become moldy.

To control whiteflies (and to a lesser extent, aphids) we exploit their natural

attraction to yellow. A company named SureFire makes a non-toxic stickysurfaced yellow cardboard trap that works well. The pests are attracted to
the yellow colored cards, but stick to the surface upon land. ing. ING. We
have these hanging year round near all our S. divinorum. New research from
the University of California indicates that placing tinfoil on the ground
around plants susceptible to whiteflies confuses the pests perhaps reflecting
the sky and making them "think" they are on the wrong side of the leaf. In
any event the trick is said to keep whiteflies from landing This information is
new to us and we are just now beginning a trial run in our gardens.

If your plants are growing in a closed environment such as a humidity tent

or mini-greenhouse Encarsia formosa wasps are very effective at controlling
whitefly infestations. (This species of wasp is very small and will not sting
humans.) The wasps lay their eggs inside developing whitefly pupa, killing
them. Biocontrol with E. formosa , however, works best in the hot summer
months.

Spider mites caros

Spider Mites ( Tetranoychidae spp. ) can be a problem for Salvia divinorum,
especially when plants are grown in a greenhouse or humidity tent. Spider
mites are usually first spotted when they cause small yellow spots on the
top surface of the leaves or (in a serious infestation) spin a web around the
growing tips of the plants and turn the leaves brown. When you inspect the
underside of a leaf you will see yellow, tan, or greenish pinhead- sized bugs
with dark spots on each shoulder. An effective biocontrol for spider mites is
Phytoseiulus persimilis - insects that devour spider mites with a vengeance.
These carnivorous predators will not eat S. divinorum or other plants.

Aphids Los fidos

The telltale sign of aphids ( Aphididae spp ) on Salvia divinorum is curled
and puckered young tender leaves. Upon inspection you'll see small, soft
bodied, (usually) green bugs clustered on the growing tips and the
underside of leaves. Aphids carry plant diseases and, like whiteflies, weaken
S. divinorum plants by sucking out leaf juices and by excreting a honeydew
feces that attracts mold. We have had great success controlling aphids with
the soapy-alcohol solution described earlier. If you're a fan of ladybugs

(Hippodamia convergens), or really need to control a serious aphid invasion,

introducing ladybugs almost always takes care of the problem and causes
no harm to S. divinorum . As with other biocontrols, ladybugs work best in
enclosed environments such as a humidity tent or greenhouse.

Scale Escala
Although we have never had an attack of these creatures, we have heard
several reports of scale ( Coccidae spp. ) on S. divinorum . Scale are insects,
but other than in their very earliest stage, they look more like very tiny clam
shells stuck to the undersides of leaves. They can be any number of colors,
and they damage the plant by sucking out plant juices and injecting toxic
fluid into plant tissues. We are not aware of any really effective biocontrols
for scale, but fortunately they are easily dealt with by spraying them with
the soapy-alcohol formula described earlier. Stubborn scale may need to be
physically rubbed off, similar to removing whitefly eggs.

Snails Caracoles
Snails can quickly damage Salvia divinorum, chewing large holes in the
leaves in a single night. Snails usually disappear during daylight hours. Thin
copper (0.5 mm/0.02 in) has been used by gardeners for several decades to
form a line that snails won't cross. Copper sheeting or tape sold or this
purpose is available in most garden stores. Tape it around the edges of your
pots or slide it edgewise into the soil, making a copper fence around the
base of your plants. Because the copper conducts an electrochemical shock
into the snails, it only works as long as the copper is shiny. Buff it or replace
it with new shiny copper when it becomes dull from oxidation (which usually
takes at least a year). At the same time you apply the copper barrier,
carefully check the underside of every leaf, as a snail may occasionally lurk
there, and once inside the copper barrier will be undeterred from eating
your plants.

Problems Problemas
Browning leaf edges
Most people who grow Salvia divinorum will, at one time or another, have a
plant with leaf tips and edges that turn brown for no apparent reason.
Usually this browning remains limited to the leaf tips and edges but
occasionally it can encompass complete leaves and become critical. As far

as we know, no one has been able to figure out a definitive cause for this
phenomenon.

Some growers have postulated that certain S. divinorum diseases are

systemic, lying dormant until the plant is under sufficient stress to cause the
emergence of the disease. This systemic disease, perhaps a virus, may have
developed in S. divinorum due to the extensive cloning it has undergone. S.
divinorum's static genotype may have allowed a leaf-browning virus to build
itself into the plant - something that might not have developed if the plant's
reproduction was occurring through the normal mix of genetically varied
material. If this theory is correct, the browning phenomenon may only be
preventable by keeping your plants in optimum growing conditions and
uncompromised by stress. Indeed, we have noticed that the browning
phenomenon almost exclusively attacks plants that are weak or under
stress. Such stresses can be many.

Certainly, a plant removed from a humidity-controlled environment without

proper acclimation may develop brown leaves, but more commonly the
entire plant wilts and leaves drop off. The browning phenomenon is usually
not accompanied by wilt.

We've seen the browning phenomenon most commonly on plants that have
spent their entire life inside glass or plastic humidity chambers/tents. In
such cases, we suspect the browning may be the result of poor air
circulation. A plant grown in a stagnant environment that reaches 32C
(90F) may develop browning leaves - perhaps because the plant's ability to
transpire is reduced. Similar to our own body's tendency to overheat in a hot
humid stagnant environment, the plant may overheat for inability to
efficiently transpire.

Lack of fertilizer, or too much fertilizer may also invite browning leaves. On
many plants, browntipped leaves signal that the plant is receiving too much
fertilizer. When combined with inadequate water, chemical salts can build
up in the soil and this burns the tender edges of the leaves. The usual cure
is to cut back on fertilizer and flush the soil thoroughly with water.

Brown leaves can also be the result of root rot on an over-watered plant with
poor drainage or heavy soil. If root rot is the problem, try re-potting the
plant into light well-draining soil and withholding water for awhile. Finally, a
root-bound plant might also exhibit signs of browning leaf edges, though

more commonly bound roots are indicated by a significant reduction in the

plant's growth rate and an overall ragged appearance. Because the cause of
the leaf-browning phenomenon is not known, the cure remains an enigma.
The old proverb that "the best cure is prevention" is certainly apropos.

Yellow leaves
Yellow-leafed Salvia divinorum usually is a signal that the plant is receiving
too much water. Over watering leaches out nutrients that the plant uses to
create chlorophyll - a green energy-absorbing pigment. We've seen this in
west coast S. divinorum left outdoors during the rainy winter season. To
green up the leaves, reduce water and feed the plant some chelated iron
(powder or liquid form) according to the directions on the bottle. Feeding
with Stern's Miracid which contains chelated iron and other nutrients, will
usually do the trick.

Slow growth & ragged appearance

Under optimum conditions, Salvia divinorum grows fast, sometimes over a
foot a month in the summer. It can quickly become root-bound in a small
pot. Therefore, as your plant starts to gain in size, you would do well to repot it into increasingly larger pots. If at any point your plant seems to have
slowed its growth but conditions are otherwise optimum, it probably means
it has become root-bound and needs re-potting to a larger pot.

Pruning for maximum foliage production

We don't mean to sound crass, but for most people, the name of the game
in Salvia divinorum growing is to maximize the amount of foliage harvested.
This requires pruning. The best time to prune is during the spring and
summer, when S. divinorum is growing its fastest. To make a plant bushier,
such that it will produce more leaves, use a sharp blade to cut off the
growing tips of the main stalks. Make your cut just above a node. This will
force the stem to bifurcate at that point in the direction of the nodal leaves.
Don't waste the precious tip-cuttings taken during pruning. They should be
rooted and replanted. In fact, when you prune you should have a rooting
vase at the ready.

Harvesting leaves
Once your Salvia divinorum plant is established, it should be able to
withstand fairly significant leaf harvesting, and actually fare better for it.
Many growers regularly remove leaves from their plants, picking them as

leaves begin to crowd others, reach heir maximum size, or start to appear
deformed. This technique can keep a single user in constant supply of fresh
and dried leaf.

Salvia divinorum is a sacred plant ally, and it is worth keeping this in mind
whenever harvesting her leaves. In our experience, saying a prayer to the
plant prior to taking any of her leaves and remaining mindful, sensitive, and
grateful while picking leaves may have an effect on the leaves' divinatory
and visionary properties. It also shows due respect For another life-form - a
respect clearly owed S. divinorum. Our own bioassays of chewed and
smoked S. divinorum leaves have not shown a substantial difference in
potency based on the time of harvest We do seem to notice a slight increase
in potency just before the plant flowers. The conventional wisdom, however,
is that potency is highest during the long hot days of summer. We suggest
you conduct your own experiments for optimum harvest time.

Drying leaves
Fresh leaves of Salvia divinorum can, of course be used for divinatory and
visionary purposes. Traditionally the Mazatec used only the fresh leaves
Dried leaves, however, are also active and can be stored for later use.

Properly drying the leaves is very important. All your work will be for nothing
if the harvested leave rot, mold, or are subjected to conditions that change
the natural chemical constituents locked within. Fortunately, the active
principle, salvinorin A, is very stable and can withstand a certain degree of
rough handling. Nevertheless, it is important to preserve the leaves such
that they undergo the least amount of chemical change possible. Ultimately,
you simply want to remove all the water content, but leave everything else
unchanged. This can be achieved quickly by placing the leaves in an oven at
the lowest possible setting - below 93C (200F) - which dries them within
15 minutes. There are several techniques for slow drying harvested leaves.
One technique is to place harvested leaves in a cardboard box and place
this box in a shady location with good air circulation. It is best to do this on a
day when the temperature is between 26-38C (80-100F). Shake the box
several times a day to expose new surface area to the air. You may need to
bring the box inside at night if dew appears likely. The leaves should be dry
in a few days.

Another technique is to lay the leaves between window screens and set a
low wattage fan to blow a constant stream of air over/through the screens. A
final technique is to use a food dehydrator set to the medium temperature

setting, about 63C (145F). Leaves placed in a food dehydrator usually are
fully dried within three hours and retain much of their green color. Under
any method, the leaves are dry when they are crisp and crumble easily.
They should then be placed in airtight glass jars and kept in a cool, dry, dark
location. On average, the leaves contain just over 80 percent water, so that
one ounce (about 28 grams) of fresh leaves dries to between five and six
grams of dried leaves.

The stems and roots of S. divinorum contain only low amounts of salvinorin
A, if any. They are not worth processing for visionary use.

Producing seed
When Wasson and Hofmann received the type specimens of Salvia
divinorum from Natividad Rosa in early October, many of the plants were in
flower. When fully developed, the flowers (corollas) of S. divinorum are white
with violet calyxes and stems. (As others have since pointed out, earl
paintings and descriptions of the flowers mistakenly denote them as blue.)
The aroma of S. divinorum flowers is subtle but exquisite. Aaron Reisfield, a
botanist who has made numerous visits to the Sierra Mazatec to research S.
divinorum, has reported seeing S. divinorum in flower from October through
May ( Reisfield 1993 ). Valds has seen them in flower from late August to
March in the Sierra Mazateca, a period of time when the days are short in
Mexico ( Valds et al. 1987 ).

Valds' experiments at the University of Michigan showed that the plant can
he induced to flower by shortening the photoperiod to provide eleven hours
of light per 24 hours ( Valds et al. 1987 ). Introducing any light during the
"dark period" will prevent flowering. Because S. divinorum is usually grown
for leaf harvest and not for flowers, the latter fact can be used to prevent
flowering, which if permitted (assuming you are not trying to set seed) will
uselessly misdirect the plant's energy from leaf production. On the west
coast of the United States S. divinorum grown outdoors (but inside a
humidity tent) flowers from late October through early January ( Boire
1997 ). While it is fairly easy to get S. divinorum to flower, it is no easy task
to get the plants to produce viable seed. As mentioned earlier, no plant has
ever been observed setting seed in the wild

We believe that the plant has, in fact, chosen a different method to

propagate itself, and that its rare seed production is all but vestigial. Unless
it is supported by a natural or contrived lattice, S. divinorum, with its hollow
lanky stems falls over when it reaches about 5-7 feet tall. The spots where

the plant touches the ground take root under moist conditions. In this
manner, S. divinorum reproduces itself and slowly creeps. And of course, its
principal program for propagation has been its union with human friends. In
our opinion, trying to get S. divinorum to set seed is struggle against the
nature of the plant. Nevertheless, viable seed can be produced with hand
pollination. To do so, once you have a plant in flower, carefully remove some
stamens from flower and immediately brush their ends against the inside
surfaces of both stigma branches. You should be able to see pollen grains
adhere to the stigmas Experiment with pollinating the same flower with its
own stamens, different flowers on the same plant, and with using stamens
on one plant to pollinate stigmas on another plant. Don't be upset if you
have little success. Under the best of circumstances expert botanists who
have followed these procedures have achieved miserable success rates less than five percent of successful fertilizations produce viable seed
( Reisfield 1993 ).

Taking cuttings
Propagating Salvia Divinorum by taking cuttings is a much easier process
than forcing the plant to produce seeds. While cuttings can be taken any
time of the year, we have found that cuttings taken during the fall and
winter root slower. Therefore, it's best to make propagation cuttings in the
spring and summer. We have also found that it is helpful to take cuttings
under low ambient light to keep the leaf stoma closed and leaf turgor high.
To take a cutting for propagation purposes, prepare a rooting vase filled with
room temperature purified water and place this next to the mother plant.
Use sharp scissors or a blade to remove a length of stem that contains at
least two leaf nodes. Vigorous new tip growth is the best, but mid-stem
segments will also root.

Make your cutting just below a leaf node. Remove all leaves below the
uppermost node and then immediately place the cutting in the waiting vase.
Then, return your attention to the cut stem of the mother plant. Cut it back
to just above the highest remaining node.

Tail-To-Mouth
We hope we have inspired you to step inside the mystical circle of Salvia
divinorum! The more time we spend with her, the more we find that she is
cultivating us as much as we are cultivating her Magic does exist. It's all
around us, and growing al the time. We bid you constant curiosity,
appreciation, and courage!

Bibliography Bibliografa
Beifuss, W. 1997. " Cultivating Diviner's Sage " The Resonance Project 1:3235.
Beifuss, W. 1998. Personal communications. Las comunicaciones personales.
Blosser, B. 1998. Personal communication. Comunicacin personal.
Boire, RG 1997. Personal communications.
Chomicz, A. 1998. Personal communications. Las comunicaciones
personales.
Epling C., Jtiva M. 1962. " A new species of Salvia from Mxico " Botanical
Museum Leaflets Harvard University 20:75-76.
Hanna, J. 1998. Personal communication. Comunicacin personal.
Hofmann, A. 1990. " Ride Through the Sierra Mazateca in Search of the
Magic Plant Ska Maria Pastora " The Sacred Mushroom Seeker: Essays for R.
Gordon Wasson . Edited by TJ Riedlinger, pp. 115-127, Park Street Press,
Rochester, VT.
Pendell, D. 1995. Phamako/Poeia: Plant Powers, Poisons, and Herbcraft .
Mercury House, San Francisco, CA.
Reisfield, A. 1993. " The Botany of Salvia Divinorum " SIDA: Contributions to
Botany 15(3):349-366.
Siebert, D. 1998. Personal communication. Comunicacin personal.
Valds III, L., GM Hatfield, M. Koreeda, and AG Paul. 1987. 1987. " Studies of
Salvia divinorum (Lamiaceae), an hallucinogenic mint from the Sierra
Mazateca in Oaxaca, Central Mxico. " Economic Botany 41(2):283-291.

Salvia Divinorum Sources & Supplies

The Basement Shaman . Box 1255 Dept D, Elgin, IL 60121, e-mail:
bshaman@interaccess.com. 847.965.2447. A mail-order source for live
Salvia divinorum plants, growing supplies and equipment.

Entheogenesis . Box 1220-GG, Winters, CA 95694. A mail-order source for

rootable Salvia divinorum cuttings, dried and fresh leaves. Send long SASE
for prices.

Nature's Control . Box 35-GG, Medford, OR 97501. A mail-order source for

predatory and parasitic insects to control pests like aphids, spider mites and
whiteflies. Send 50 cents for their catalog.

Salvia Retailers Guide. Will Beifuss, Box 5192-GG, Eugene, OR 97405. A free
list of all US companies selling Salvia divinorum plants, cuttings, leaves and
extracts.

Other Good Information Resources

The Entheogen Review. 564 Mission Street, Box 808-GG, San Francisco, CA
94105-2918.
The Journal of Unauthorized Research on Visionary Plants and Drugs often
features new information about S. divinorum and its active principle.

The Lycaeum. Salvia divinorum web pages

( http://www.lycaeum.org/drugs/plants/salvia ).

Ott, J. 1995. " Ethnopharmacognosy and Human Pharmacology of Salvia

divinorum and Salvinorin A " Curare 18:1:103-129. Mr. Ott's most thorough
synthesis of information about S. divinorum. Includes compilation of
psychonautical results.

Reisfield, A. 1998. Salvia divinorum web pages ( http://www.sabia.com/salvia

) Mr. Reisfield's SIDA paper and many excellent photos.

Siebert, D. 1998. Salvia divinorum web pages

( http://www.geocities.com/Paris/1074/salvia.html ). Mr. Siebert also runs an
S. divinorum e-mail list that can be joined via his web pages.

Turner, DM 1996. Salvinorin The Psychedelic Essence of Salvia Divinorum .

Panther Press, San Francisco, CA. A chronicle of the author's psychonautical
experiments chewing and smoking S. divinorum leaves, extract, and isolated
salvinorin A. Since the author's tragic death in 1997, the book is out of print,
but the full text can be found on the Internet
( http://squeaker.cat.net/~donut/scov.html ).

The Entheogen Law Reporter . Box 73481-GG, Davis, CA 95617-3481. An

important newsletter that keeps tabs on the legal situation with regard to
shamanic inebriants, including S. divinorum.

Important Message for Those With a Substance Abuse Problem: If you or

someone you know is suffering from an addiction they need to find a Drug
Rehab or Alcohol Rehab so they can recover from their substance abuse
addiction. Mensaje importante para los que tienen un problema de abuso de
sustancias: Si usted o alguien que usted conoce est sufriendo de una
adiccin que necesitan para encontrar una rehabilitacin de drogas o
alcohol rehabilitacin para que puedan recuperarse de su adiccin abuso de
sustancias. Relapse prevention is important in the addiction treatment
process and is critical for long term sobreity. La prevencin de recadas es
importante en el tratamiento de la adiccin y el proceso es fundamental
para sobreity a largo plazo. For more information on how to get help with an
addiction please call 800-559-9503 to speak directly with a counselor. Para
obtener ms informacin sobre cmo obtener ayuda con una adiccin por
favor llame al 800-559-9503 para hablar directamente con un consejero.