151. What refers to the measure of how effective a material is in reducing an electric field set up across a sample of it?

A. Electronegativity
B. Potential difference
C. Dielectric constant
D. Energy density
152. The potential difference across a battery, a generator or other source of electric energy when it is not connected to any external
circuit is called its ________.
A. electromechanical force
B. electrostatic force
C. electromotive force
D. internal resistance
153. What is defined as the luminous flux per unit area?
A. Luminous intensity
B. Luminous efficiency
C. Illumination
D. Lumen
154. What refers to the brightness of a light source?
A. Luminous intensity
B. Illumination
C. Luminous flux
D. Luminous efficiency
155. What is the approximate luminous intensity of a candle?
A. 1 candela
B. 1 flux
C. 1 lumen
D. All of the above
156. What unit is defined in terms of the light emitted by a small pool of platinum at its melting point?
A. Footcandle
B. Candela
C. Lux
D. Lumen
157. What refers to the total amount of visible light given off by a light source?
A. Luminous intensity
B. Luminous flux
C. Luminous efficiency
D. Illumination
158. Lumen is defined as the luminous flux that falls on each square meter of a sphere 1 meter in radius at whose center is a ________
light source that radiates equally well in all directions.
A. 0.1 candela
B. 1.0 candela
C. 10 candela
D. 100 candela
159. What is the total luminous flux radiated by a 1 candela source?
A. 2 lm
B. 4 lm
C. 8 lm
D. lm
160. What refers to the luminous flux emitted by a light source per watt of power input?
A. Luminous factor
B. Luminous efficiency
C. Luminous intensity
D. Illumination
161. What coating material is used in the inside of the fluorescent lamp which emits visible light when it is excited by an ultraviolet
radiation?

A. Mercury
B. Inert gas
C. Phosphor
D. Argon
162. What refers to the ratio between the speed of light in free space and its speed in a particular medium?
A. Index of refection
B. Total internal reflection
C. Index of dispersion
D. Index of refraction
163. The ratio of the sines of the angles of incidence and refraction is equal to the ratio of the speeds of light in the two media. This
statement is known as ________.
A. Huygens principle
B. Snells law
C. Maxwells hypothesis
D. Dopplers effect
164. Light ray that passes at an angle from one medium to another is deflected at the surface between the two media. What is this
phenomenon called?
A. Dispersion
B. Reflection
C. Refraction
D. Incidence
165. Every point on the wavefront can be considered as a source of secondary wavelets that spread out in all directions with the
wave speed of the medium. The wavefront at any time is the envelope of these wavelets. This statement is known as ________.
A. Huygens principle
B. Snells law
C. Maxwells hypothesis
D. Dopplers effect
166. What is an imaginary surface the joins points where all the waves from a source are in the same phase of oscillation?
A. Gamma ray
B. Wavefront
C. Electromagnetic wave
D. Microwave
167. What refers to the effect when a beam containing more than one frequency is split into a corresponding number of different
beams when it is refracted?
A. Flux
B. Refraction
C. Reflection
D. Dispersion
168. What refers to the band of colors that emerges from the prism?
A. Spectrum
B. Luminance
C. Facet
D. Reflection
169. What is the index of refraction of air?
A. 1.3
B. 1.03
C. 1.003
D. 1.0003
170. What is the index of refraction of water?
A. 1.33
B. 1.63
C. 1.43
D. 1.53

171. What type of lens deviates parallel light outward as though it originated at a single virtual focal point?
A. Magnifying lens
B. Convergent lens

C. Divergent lens
D. Microscopic lens
172. What type of lens bring parallel light to a single real focal point?
A. Magnifying lens
B. Convergent lens
C. Divergent lens
D. Microscopic lens
173. Which one best describes the meniscus lens?
A. It has only concave surfaces.
B. It has only convex surfaces.
C. it has no concave surface and no convex surface.
D. It has one concave surface and one convex surface
174. What is the distance from a lens to its focal point called?
A. Focal index
B. Focal factor
C. Focal length
D. All of the above
175. In optical system, what refers to the ratio of the image height to the object height?
A. Linear magnification
B. Object magnification
C. Image magnification
D. Height magnification
176. If the linear magnification of an optical system is less than one, it means that:
A. the image and the object are of the same size
B. the image is larger than the object
C. the image is smaller than the object
D. the image may be larger or smaller than the object
177. A camera usually uses what type of lens to form an image on a light-sensitive photographic film?
A. Magnifying lens
B. Convergent lens
C. Divergent lens
D. Microscopic lens
178. One of the common defects of vision is _______ commonly known as nearsightedness.
A. hyporopia
B. hyperopia
C. myopia
D. minorpia
179. One of the common defects of vision is ______ commonly known as farsightedness.
A. hyporopia
B. hyperopia
C. myopia
D. minorpia
180. What lens is commonly used to correct nearsightedness?
A. Magnifying lens
B. Convergent lens
C. Divergent lens
D. Microscopic lens

181. What lens is commonly used to correct farsightedness?

A. Magnifying lens
B. Convergent lens
C. Divergent lens
D. Microscopic lens
182. What is a defect of vision caused by the cornea having different curvatures in different planes?

A. Astigmatism
B. Myopia
C. Hyperopia
D. Presbyopia
183. In telescopes, what refers to the ratio between the angles subtended at the eye by the image and the angle subtended at the
eye by the object seen directly?
A. Magnifying power
B. Linear magnification
C. Angular magnification
D. Object magnification
184. What type of mirror that curves inward its center and converges parallel light to a single real focal point?
A. Convex mirror
B. Concave mirror
C. Spherical mirror
D. Chromatic mirror
185. What type of mirror that curves outward toward its center and diverges parallel light as though the reflected light came from a
single virtual focal point behind the mirror?
A. Convex mirror
B. Concave mirror
C. Spherical mirror
D. Chromatic mirror
186. What refers to an artificially made polarizing material that transmits light with only a single plane of polarization?
A. Quartz
B. Fiber optic
C. Polaroid
D. Tounnaline
187. In optical system, what refers to its ability to produce separate images of nearby objects?
A. Coherent power
B. Brewsters power
C. Polarization power
D. Resolving power
188. The resolving power of an equal system is _________ the objective lens of the optical system?
A. directly proportional
B. inversely proportional
C. equal
D. not related to
189. What refers to the ability of waves to bend around the edges of obstacles in their paths?
A. Coherence
B. Reflection
C. Refraction
D. Diffraction
190. What refers to a series of parallel slits that produces a spectrum through the interference of light that is diffracted?
A. Diffraction grating
B. Polarization
C. Coherent waves
D. Reflection

191. The emission of electrons from a metal surface when light shines on it is called _______.
A. Absorption effect
B. Spectrum emission
C. Quantum effect
D. Photoelectric effect
192. What are high-frequency electromagnetic waves emitted when fast electrons impinge on matter?
A. Beta rays
B. Alpha rays

C. X-rays
D. De Broglie waves
193. What refers to the increase in the measured mass of an object when it is moving relative to an observer?
A. Exclusion principle
B. Quantum theory of mass
C. State of mass
D. Relativity of mass
194. What device is used for producing a narrow, monochromatic, coherent beam of light?
A. Spectral device
B. Prism
C. Fiber optic
D. Laser
195. What consists of various wavelengths of light emitted by an excited substance?
A. Excited spectrum
B. Light spectrum
C. Absorption spectrum
D. Emission spectrum
196. What consists of various wavelengths of light absorbed by a substance when white light is passed through it?
A. Excited spectrum
B. Light spectrum
C. Absorption spectrum
D. Emission spectrum
197. Every electron has a certain amount of angular momentum called its _________.
A. spin
B. shell
C. state
D. quantum number
198. What is the distance from a lens to its focal point called?
A. Focal index
B. Focal factor
C. Focal length
D. All of the above
199. What does LASER stands for?
A. Light amplification by spectral emission of radiation
B. Light amplification by state emission of radiation
C. Light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation
D. Light amplification by saturated emission of radiation
200. A free falling object is acted upon by which of the following?
A. Weight of the body
B. Air resistance and gravitational pull
C. Gravitational pull
D. Air resistance