Chapter 1

Questions zone
Answer all the questions precisely to the point.
Set-1
1 Define homogeneous material and isotropic material.

2 Define the modulus of elasticity E.

3 At room temperature, mild steel is a ductile material. State

true or false?

4 As the temperature increases the modulus of elasticity will

increase. State true or false?

5 Define shear strain and Poissons ratio. Give the values of

poisons ratio for structural materials. Can the Poissons
ratio have a negative value? If so explain and give an
example.

Set-2

1 Distinguish true stress and engineering stress. Give relation.

2 Distinguish true strain and engineering strain. Give relation.

3 What do you mean by true stress strain curve? Why the true
stress strain curve of the steel is not used in the design?
Explain elaborately.

4 What do you mean by strain hardening?

5 What is strain softening?

6 What do you mean by permanent set?

7 Explain briefly the difference between the proportionality
limit and elastic limit.

8 What is ductility? What is malleability? Give examples for

ductile and malleable materials.

9 Does the carbon content influence the strength and ductility

in steel?

10
What do you mean by upper yield point and lower yield
point?

Set-3
1 How do you determine the yield stress in aluminium?

2 Why HYSD steel does not have a definite yield point?

3 What do you mean by proof stress?

4 What do you mean by a brittle material? Explain with stress

strain curve. Give some examples.

5 Explain the terms creep, relaxation and fatigue.

6 Draw the stress strain curve for mild steel when it subjected
to tension and compression. Do both look alike? Is there any
significant reason for not using stress strain curve in
compression?

7 Explain briefly why the true stress in compression is lower

than the nominal stress?

8 Give a greater than or less than or equal to relationship for

the true ultimate stress and nominal fracture stress for a
brittle material subjected to tension. Explain briefly why.
9 Draw and explain briefly the stress strain curve for glass
subjected to tension.

10

Explain the terms elasticity and plasticity.

Set-4
State whether the following statements are true or false and
justify your answer briefly in a point.

1 You can measure stress directly with an instrument that you

measure your temperature by a thermometer.

2 There can only be one normal stress component acting on

the surface of an imaginary cut.
3 If a shear stress component on the left surface of an
imaginary cut is upward, then on the right side it will be
downward.
4 If a normal stress component puts the left surface of an
imaginary cut in tension, then the right surface will be in
compression.
5 Stress on the surface is same as the pressure on a surface
as both the quantities have the same units.

Set-5
1 What is the difference between proportionality limit and
yield point?
2 What is the difference between the linear material
behaviour and elastic material behaviour?

3 What is the difference between strain energy and strain

energy density?

4 What is resilience? What is proof resilience? What is the

difference between modulus of resilience and modulus of
toughness?

5 What is the difference between a strong material and tough

material? Explain using curves.

6 What is elastic strain, offset strain and plastic strain?

7 What is the difference between displacement and

deformation?

8 Is the value of E always greater than G, less than G, or does

it depends on the material? Justify your answer.

9 What is the number of independent material constants

needed in a linear stress strain relationship for an isotropic
and an anisotropic material?

10

Explain briefly stress concentration.