Akij Particle Biomass Thermal Energy Generation CDM Project

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PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM

FOR CDM PROJECT ACTIVITIES (F-CDM-PDD)
Version 04.1
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT (PDD)

Title of the project activity
Version number of the PDD
Completion date of the PDD
Project participant(s)
Host Party(ies)
Sectoral scope and selected methodology(ies)
Akij Particle Biomass Thermal Energy

Generation CDM Project
3
21st June 2013
Akij Particle Board Mills Limited (APBML)
Tricorona Carbon Asset Management Pte Ltd.
Bangladesh Carbon, Rahimafrooz Renewable
Energy Ltd.
Bangladesh
Sectoral Scope 1 (Energy industries);
Methodology AMS I.CThermal energy
production with or without electricity, version
19, 3 June 2011
Estimated amount of annual average GHG

emission reductions
Sectoral Scope 13 (Waste handling and

disposal)
Methodology AMS III.E Avoidance of methane

production from decay of biomass through
controlled combustion, gasification or
mechanical/thermal treatment version 16, 17
July 2009
39, 516 tonnes of CO2e
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SECTION A. Description of project activity

A.1. Purpose and general description of project activity
The Biomass fired energy plant in Manikgonj, Bangladesh installed by Akij Particle Board Mills Limited
(APBML) is a residual biomass thermal project located in Toraghat, Ghior, Manikgonj, Bangladesh (the
Host Country) to supply process steam as well as to meet process heat requirement in their particle board
processing plant.
APBML has started its production of particle board in 1999 and become the largest producer of timber
substitute in local market. Recently, it is going to expand its production with the installation of a Medium
Density fiberboard (MDF) plant in their factory which will increase its thermal energy demand
significantly. To meet the excess demand, APBML replaces the old dual fuel (Oil & Natural Gas) fired
thermal oil heater of 3 MWth capacity with a 16 MWth biomass fired thermal energy generation plant. The
new plant being integrated with a central dust collection system planned to utilize the maximum amount
of production dusts and internal off-cuts along with different categories of waste biomass collected from
outside sources.
Thermal oil being the primary heat conducting media heated by flue gas in a biomass combustor supplies
heat to different stages of production along with providing heat to a steam generator for process steam
generation. The flue gas after heating the thermal oil is to be passed through an economizer and MDF
dryer depending on the demand of the production. In the steam generator 10 TPH steam @ 6 MPa can be
generated. The total capacity of energy plant is of16 MWthe.
The project once fully installed will be able to meet the total thermal energy demand of the particle board
production and help reducing carbon dioxide emissions by offsetting fossil burning for same amount of
heat generation. At the absence of the project activity the steam would have been generated using diesel
since natural gas the main fuel of the country is facing serious shortage in recent time. The Project
Developer has also installed a central dust collection system to collect wood dust from production areas in
a meticulous way. Besides, there is arrangement to collect waste biomass from its own production facility
and neighboring plant that is suitable as fuel which otherwise would have been stockpiled. The minimum
quantity that has been secured is around 2,500 tonnes a month (or 30,000 tonnes per year). The different
types of organic materials that will be combusted for energy plant are the followings:
Table: Source of Residual Biomass for APBML Project
Category of waste
Wood dust from
production
APBML Off cuts
Match factory
waste
Saw mill waste
Specific type
Wood dust, sanding
dust
MDF off-cuts
Particle off cuts
Chipper oversized
wood
Undersized chips
Roller
Quantity (tons/day)
12
Source
Internal
5
12
6
Internal
Veneers
Splint
Saw mill waste
12
2
Rest as required
Dolphin Match Factory
3
12
a)Lata Enterprise
b)Five star enterprise
c)M/S Khadija Traders
d)Joy Joya Enterprise
e)M/S Azam traders
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Category of waste
Specific type
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Quantity (tons/day)
Source
f)Abu Hurayna Enterprise,
Horirampur
h)Shown Enterprise, Manikgonj
i)M/S Monoara Traders
j)Sadia Traders
All types of waste biomass previously stockpiled in the respective factory premises where there is no
open burning. Instead of dumping them in the landfill after a certain course of time, those are now fed to
APBML Energy plant site so the plant will be using fresh waste. Those biomass residues therefore are
considered as renewable. Also, since the most of the residues generated inside and rests are collected
from neighboring facilities, emission related to fuel transportation is almost negligible for APBML.
The project will claim emissions reductions through (1) avoidance of fossil fuel for heating thermal oil
heater and (2) avoidance of methane production from biomass decay through controlled combustion. The
project is estimated to reduce approximately 40,000 tonnes of CO2 per annum on an average.
By utilizing waste biomass to displace fossil fuel in energy generation, the Project will contribute to the
development of renewable energy sources of Bangladesh. The controlled combustion of biomass in the
combustor offers a more environmentally sound means of disposal of biomass waste residues. In addition,
the use of domestically available biomass as an energy resource helps conserve foreign exchange by
reducing the reliance on imported fossil fuels to meet the countrys ever increasing energy requirements.
Other expected benefits from the project include:
Ensure clean and healthy production environment for worker.

The multiplier effect of this investment is likely to bring additional benefits such as increased
employment opportunities in the area where the project is located. Around 30 new positions in
the field of technical and administrative area will be created for ensuring the smooth operation of
the plant.
It increases the diversity and security of energy supply of APBML.
It contributes towards a decrease in fossil fuel consumption.
The project will act as a clean technology demonstration, encouraging development of biomass
energy generation facilities throughout Bangladesh and act as a model for the replication across
the region.
Moreover It contributes towards meeting the Governments renewable energy policy which encourages
generation of power and heat from renewable sources.
A.2. Location of project activity
A.2.1. Host Party(ies)
Bangladesh
A.2.2. Region/State/Province etc.
Dhaka
A.2.3. City/Town/Community etc.
Manikgonj
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A.2.4. Physical/Geographical location

The plant is located at 23.51 N 89.57 E. It is situated on the bank of the river Kaliganga and 3 km away
from the district town Manikgonj. The location of the plant is indicated in the geography map of
Bangladesh below.
Project location
Figure: Geographic location of the project in country map

A.3. Technologies and/or measures
The project falls under UNFCCC sectoral scope 1 (Energy industries, renewable/non-renewable sources)
and 13 (waste handling and disposal). The project conforms to the project category I. Since the project
reduces anthropogenic emissions by sources while maintaining a delivered capacity of less than 45 MWth.
The project will be generating approximately 16 MWth including 10 TPH steam @ 6 MPa therefore it
falls under type I category.
The project conforms to the project category III since the project comprises measures that avoid the
production of methane from biomass dumping in the nearby landfill or other organic matter that would
have been otherwise left to decay as a result of anthropogenic activity, and directly reduces less than 60
kilotonnes of CO2.
Akij Particle has procured the capital machineries of the energy plant from renowned Chinese boiler
manufacturing companies, Changzhou Union Boiler & Pressure Vessel Co. Ltd. Other important
components of the system are as follows:
a) Main oil circulation pump (capacity 350 m3/hr) from KSB Germany with Siemens motor
b) Siemens PLC S7, 300 with SCADA system
c) Chipper is from Klockner, Germany
d)The number of main hot oil coil is 4 and each of 6 diameter , Helical type.
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At the outset, wood and other biomass residues are sorted and chipped in chipper machines. With the help
of conveyer belt and hydraulic system, the chips are then taken to the grate of the furnace. By means of a
central dust collection system a good amount of wood dust is collected from the production process and
used as combustion fuel. With a forced draft fan air is propelled to facilitate combustion in different
points of the grate. The average pressure maintained inside furnace is about -200 pa and temperature is
about 400-600C. Thermal oil (heat conducting media) passes through a radiation heater and a convection
heater at a flow rate 600 m3/hr and gets sufficiently heated at a temperature of around 230~255C. With
the burning of biomass hot flue gas generated and allowed to go through an economizer for preheating the
water that goes to boiler. An Induced Draft Fan (IDF) delivers flue gas according to the demand of the
Medium Density Fiber (MDF) dryer. Thermal oil followed by a closed loop circulating system delivers
heat to steam generator & other different production points wherever required.
There are five dust collectors in total to cover the whole production units of which three is dedicated for
MDF plant. All of them are antistatic filter bag type dust collector with automatic impulse forced air
cleaning system. Three for MDF plant are of 10000 m3/hr capacity (Kunming wood based panel
machinery, China) each where as rest two are of 33,173m3/hour each (BRZ Engineering, Pakistan)
Source of power to meet the auxiliary energy demand of the energy plant is the gas fired captive
generators of APBML. The detail schematic diagram along with plant lay out is furnished below.
Figure: Schematic diagram of Biomass fired Energy Plant at Akij Particle
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Figure: Application of the Thermal Boiler in Particle Board Line

(Source: Union Boiler, China)
Figure: Application of the Thermal Boiler in MDF Board Production Line

(Source: Union Boiler, China)
A.4. Parties and project participants

Party involved
(host) indicates a host
Party
Bangladesh (host)
Sweden
Private and/or public entity(ies)

project participants
(as applicable)
Akij Particle Board Mills Ltd.
Bangladesh Carbon, Rahimafrooz
Renewable Energy Ltd.
Tricorona Carbon Asset Management
Pte Ltd.
Indicate if the Party involved

wishes to be considered as
project participant (Yes/No)
No
Yes
A.5. Public funding of project activity

There is no public funding available for financing this type of project activity in Bangladesh.
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SECTION B. Application of selected approved baseline and monitoring methodology

B.1. Reference of methodology
The following baseline and monitoring methodologies are applicable to the project activity:
Type I.C. (reference AMS-I.C.) Thermal energy production with or without electricity for
the steam generation component of the project activity, version 19, 3 June 2011
Type III.E. (reference AMS-III.E.) Avoidance of methane production from decay of biomass
through controlled combustion, gasification or mechanical/thermal treatment for the avoidance
in the production of methane from organic material that would have otherwise been stockpiled,
version 16, 17 July 2009
B.2. Applicability of methodology
The project conforms to the project category I.C. since the project is a renewable energy facility (using
biomass of renewable category) that reduces anthropogenic emissions by sources while maintaining an
installed capacity below 45 MWth.
The project conforms to the Type III small-scale definition. since the project comprises measures that
avoid the production of methane from biomass or other organic matter that would have otherwise been
left to decay as a result of anthropogenic activity, and reduces less than 60 kilotonnes of carbon dioxide
equivalent annually.
B.3. Project boundary
As referred to in Appendix B for small-scale project activities:
The project boundary for type I.C. (AMS-I.C.) projects is the physical, geographical site of the
renewable energy generation. In this case, the project boundary refers to the biomass plant and the site
where the fuel combustion affected by the fuel-switching measure occurs.
The project boundary for type III.E. (AMS-III.E.) projects are the physical, geographical site where the
treatment of biomass takes place. In this case, the project boundary refers to the biomass plant, the site
where the solid waste would have been disposed in the absence of the project activity and the original
waste disposal site.
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Figure B.3.1-Project Boundary
Project
scenario
Baseline
scenario
Source
GHGs
Included?
Source 1
CO2
Yes
Source 2
CH4
Yes
Source 1
CO2
Yes
Justification/Explanation
Conventional fossil fuel fired thermal energy
generating system
Uncontrolled land-filling of stock piled biomass
wastes
Emissions from grid electricity consumption to run the
plant auxiliaries
B.4. Establishment and description of baseline scenario

The baseline scenarios to the project activity for heat generation are:
Baseline Alternative 1: Use of cleaner fossil fuels such as Natural Gas or Liquefied Petroleum Gas
(LPG) for heat generation
Bangladesh being a mono-fuel based country is highly dependent on natural gas supply for all type of
commercial energy usage. Unfortunately gas production significantly dropped in recent time and there is
little chance to improve the situation over night. Energy crisis become prevalent in power generation,
industrial sector and residential energy usage as well. Proven reserve of gas as well as possibility of
finding new reserve is not enough to overcome the demand supply gap in the country. In this scenario, the
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national gas distribution company does not expand the gas supply to the project vicinity as well as to the
whole country for indefinite period of time. As such, this is ruled out as an alternative baseline scenario.
Baseline Alternative 2: Installation of other forms of heat generation systems
An alternative to the installation of biomass Thermal Oil Heaters is biomass steam boilers, with steam
used for direct heating. Steam boilers are significantly different in design and technology from Thermal
Oil Heaters. The use of steam for direct heating will necessitate a major change in the entire design of the
production lines, and command a substantial capital investment. The plant processes being heat sensitive,
requires very high temperatures of approximately 230-255C range which is difficult to obtain by direct
steam heating system. For example, a steam with a temperature of 240C requires a pressure of around 34
bar in the saturation region. APBML has been utilizing Thermal Oil Heaters since the beginning of plant
operations. There are no other feasible options for heating the plant. Consequently, this scenario is ruled
out as a plausible alternative.
Baseline Alternative 3:The proposed project activity undertaken without being registered as a CDM
project activity
The baseline alternative to undertake the project without being registered as a CDM project activity
would not have been implemented, since this technology is a new technology application in the industry,
and therefore carries the risks associated with new technology. There is also a higher level of investment
for a biomass Thermal Oil Heater as compared to the installation of new fuel oil Thermal Oil Heaters, or
continuing with business-as-usual.
The project activity may also face barriers of continuous biomass supply in the long run. Supplies of
wood chips or wood residues are limited, since they have no economic value. Wood residues are available
in very small quantities from a large number of stakeholders such as sawmills, plywood ,furniture
manufacturers and other sister concerns of Akij particle throughout the region. However, there is no
systematic collection or distribution system that can establish wood residues as a feasible alternative fuel.
In the existing market of the Host Country, biomass suppliers are unwilling to enter into long-term
contracts, or provide a fixed price supply; consequently, biomass systems become attractive only where
supply is sourced internally. Hence the project developer is vulnerable to fuel price increase which has
been found in other waste to energy projects in the host country. In Dhaka Tobacco industry- a sister
concern of the project developer the price of rice husk has been increased three times compared to the
fuel cost during the start of a rice husk fired project. Therefore the project faces uncertainty in both fuel
supply and cost point of view hence would be attractive only with CDM benefit.
While the marginal cost reductions of switching from fossil fuel do exist, there are still significant barriers
that would prevent the implementation of the project activity without CDM. With CDM, the alleviated
barriers and potential financial returns will tend to outweigh the non-financial risks, and would assist in
mitigating potential operational risks or future losses.
Business-As-Usual Scenario:
The business-as-usual scenario utilizing fuel oil based Thermal Oil Heaters is a scenario that is proven,
represents the lowest risk and least operational complexity, requires lower investment and maintenance.
The scenario also does not face any technological barriers, prevailing practice barriers, or compliance
issues in continuation of current practices.
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Baseline Scenario:
There are no other probable baseline scenarios, and as such the Business-As-Usual scenario which is the
utilization of the fuel oil fired Thermal Oil Heaters is considered as the appropriate baseline scenario. It
conforms to project category I.C.s baseline, since the project is a facility that uses biomass to provide
thermal energy while displacing a fossil fuel based system and reducing anthropogenic emissions.
For thermal energy generation using fossil fuels, the baseline emissions are calculated as follows:
BEthermal,CO2,y = (EG thermal, y / BL,thermal) * EFFF, CO2
Where BEthermal,CO2,y is the baseline emissions from heat displaced by the project activity during the year y
in tCO2e, EG thermal, y is the net quantity of heat supplied by the project activity during the year y (TJ),
EFFF, CO2 is the CO2 emission factor of the baseline fossil fuel.
The baseline scenarios to the project activity for waste disposal under AMS III E:
Three different scenarios were considered for all the different types of biomass:
- Stock-pilling the biomass in the facility area
- Land-filling the biomass residues in the landfill
- Selling to villagers
In the host country industrial waste disposal practice is not yet established in a systematic manner.
Awareness guided by effective waste disposal regulation can ensure good practice to systematic waste
disposal by the residential, commercial and industrial sector. National 3R Strategy for waste
management published by Department of Environment (DOE) of Ministry of Environment and Forests
(MOEF) in December 2010 expresses Existing infrastructure for waste management shows that waste
collection efficiency in different urban areas varies from 37% to 77% with an average of 55%. The
overall waste collection situation is not very satisfactory. Huge amount of uncollected waste, (a high
proportion of which is organic), creates nuisance and pollutes the local environment quickly. Therefore,
frequent removal is absolutely necessary for avoiding unsightly and unhygienic surroundings. Low
collection coverage, unavailable transport services, and lack of suitable treatment, recycling and disposal
facilities are responsible for unsatisfactory waste management, leading to water, land and air pollution,
and for putting people and the environment at risk.
Regarding industrial practice, lack of incentive or support from government to promote and support
cleaner production practices amongst the industries is referred as one of the major constraint in the same
report. Since the wastes generated from this type of factories not falling under polluting category the
usual practice is to keep the residual wastes stockpiled in respective factory site and openly dump on the
bank of river Tora in the project vicinity. Stockpiling of the biomass waste in the facility area can be
considered as temporary measures but never as a permanent one since in a factory its not viable to keep
huge waste piles. Therefore, without the project activity, all the residual biomass would have been
dumped in adjacent to river bank.
Lack of available site of land-filling is pointed in the report as one of the major constraints in handling
waste disposal issue in the host country. Therefore, land-filling the biomass waste in a controlled landfill
facility is ruled out as an alternative baseline in Bangladesh due to unavailability of a managed site and
additional transportation arrangement to do so. Ultimate disposal of all types of waste is done crudely in
open dumps, lowlands or water bodies in an unsanitary manner. As a result, the surrounding environment
of the dumpsites is barely hygienic. The increasing demand for landfill is also a big problem for the
authority to find suitable lands for dumping wastes.
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Selling waste to local villagers as a cheap energy source is a very limited option and hence ignored due to
the availability of similar category of waste at free of cost from agricultural residue. According to
Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics (BBS) total biomass uses in Bangladesh is 65 million MT of which
around 80% is available from agricultural waste. 90% of the biomass is used as domestic fuel for cooking
in a very inefficient manner. Most of the agro residues are like cow dung, rice straw or leaves (as shown
in the Table B.4.1) which can be freely collected by poor community people as indigenous energy
resource. So this is also ruled out as a baseline alternative since residual biomass is not commercially
marketed as a usual practice.
Table B.4.1-Use of Agricultural Waste as Fuel in Bangladesh (in million MT)
Year
2000-01
2001-02
2002-03
2003-04
2004-05
Cow dung
8.2
8.2
8.2
8.3
8.4
Jute
Stick
2.2
2.3
2.2
2.1
2.0
Rice
Straw
18.75
18.49
18.60
18.60
18.50
Rice
Hulls
6.4
6.5
6.6
6.5
6.5
Bagasse
1.3
1.4
1.4
1.5
1.5
Fire
wood
6.2
6.4
6.6
7.2
7.8
Twigs
Leaves
3.1
3.1
3.2
3.3
3.3
Other
Wastes
2.8
2.9
3.0
3.1
3.2
Total
48.95
49.29
49.80
50.50
51.20
Source: Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics (BBS), 2007
B.5. Demonstration of additionality

ADDITIONALITY:
According to Attachment A to Appendix B of the Simplified modalities and procedures for CDM small
scale project activities, evidence as to the proposed projects additionality may be offered under the
following categories of barriers: (a) investment barrier, (b) technological barrier, (c) prevailing practice,
and (d) other barriers. This project activity demonstrates strongest barriers in the field of technological,
security of biomass fuel supply and prevailing practice.
Technological Barrier
A biomass Thermal Oil Heater system is much more complex than a conventional fuel oil fired Thermal
Oil Heater system. More techno-operational tasks are involved throughout the biomass fuel delivery
chain, operations, maintenance, and ash handling, posing an operational risk to the project developer. For
example; the heater coils or the heat exchangers will need to undergo major programmed maintenance,
which includes clearing soot and slag build up, more or less monthly, for duration of a few days, while
grate ash and fly ash will require regular removal every few hours. The downtime of the biomass system
can be considerable and long-term reliability and performance is comparatively low than conventional
system. Biomass thermal oil systems inherently have low efficiencies compared to fuel oil or natural gas
Thermal Oil Heaters, which in turn lead to high fuel consumption, excess soot and ash, and ultimately
degradation of the heater system. The project utilizes a combination suspension fired and stationary grate
combustion system, and a unique helical coil design to maximize the thermal efficiency of the heat
exchange system. It is a technologically advanced system compared to conventional oil or biomass
heaters.
APBML will also require an estimated team of 30 dedicated personnel to operate the biomass plant. The
existing baseline heaters do not face these issues. The baseline system is a series of static switch on,
switch off systems that are able to operate continuously for extended periods throughout the year,
requires minimum dedicated personnel to operate the plant, requires minimal routine maintenance, and
requires annual servicing.
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Erosion of the outer heating surfaces in a biomass thermal oil system is unpredictable due to the
abrasiveness of biomass, and heating coils need to be kept in stock for when replacement is required.
Most manufacturers do not provide long-term guarantees for Thermal Oil Heater coils, and there is no
investment protection for project developers since coils may need to be replaced approximately every 5
years or less depending on the type of biomass used, operation, and quality of coils. In contrast, fuel oil or
natural gas Thermal Oil Heaters requires more or less annual servicing, while coils require replacement
after every 15 to 20 years. This inequality makes this type of biomass technology unattractive.
APBML uses high quality alloy steel for heating coil in place of normal stainless steel to get better
performance in terms of soot abrasion. Still the lifetime of the biomass thermal oil system is half
compared to conventional fuel oil system.
The biomass-fired Thermal Oil Heater system implemented as a project activity differs significantly from
conventional fuel oil systems. While fuel oil Thermal Oil Heater systems are common, biomass heaters
are extremely rare, and the implementation of the project activity using residual biomass is the first in the
particle board industry, applying an advanced Thermal Oil Heater design that utilizes an efficient heat
exchanger system. Heat generation in a biomass system is known to be inconsistent due to variations in
calorific value and moisture content of biomass. The particle board production process requires a high
and consistent carrier oil temperature since the process is heat sensitive. The fuel oil Thermal Oil Heater
system operates with a temperature variation of less than 5C. This is a continuous process with the
manufacturing facility operating approximately 310 days per year. Disruptions in energy supply due to
technical issues or a lack of biomass feedstock can result in large product quantities rendered defective.
Moreover significant time will be lost to reset production lines and restart production resulting in
substantial losses of approximately 100m3production/day. For APBML, the largest particle board
manufacturer in Bangladesh, cost of energy being small relative to product revenue, it is important to
ensure smooth energy supply and production performance rather than cost savings by fuel switch from
fuel oil to residual biomass.
Additionally, the biomass Thermal Oil Heater system cannot be operated parallel to the fuel oil system to
mitigate performance risks; since thermal oil fluid operating pressure in both systems is different
Comparison of a biomass thermal oil system with a fuel oil system is presented in Table below.
Table B.5.1-Comparison between Fuel oil and Biomass Thermal Oil System
Parameter
Fuel oil Thermal Oil System Biomass Thermal Oil System
Operation and
Able to run continuously at
Performance and thermal output cannot be
Performance
full load
guaranteed. Rapidly degrading performance due
to soot/clinker build up on heat exchanger coil
Maintenance
Annual servicing
Hourly removal of ash. Major maintenance

required every month
System failures
Small static units risk of fuel

oil nozzle choking. Routine
maintenance is performed
during plant shutdowns to
mitigate this risk
Complex system with numerous mechanical

parts, high risk of equipment malfunction and
high hidden cost
Maintenance
manpower
Reliability
Negligible
Estimated a total of 30 persons (2/3 shift basis)
Proven in operations and in

practice in similar industries
Low reliability. No such proven installation exist

in host country
Coils
Coil require replacement after

15 to 20 years
Estimated replacement after 10 years. Total

future costs cannot be appropriately quantified at
present
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Barriers Due to Prevailing Practice

The country being the most densely populated country is severely threatened by waste disposal issue due
to growth of population, unplanned industrialization, rapid urbanization and prevailing barriers of land
infrastructure, capital and institutional framework. National 3R strategy strongly argues for the
importance of an integrated national policy and support to encourage and enhance awareness for reusing
and recycling of waste. Industrial waste sector especially for solid waste is comparatively a less
highlighted area in terms of potential of resource recovery. Only seven sectors have been identified as
hazardous in terms of waste solid waste disposal and the other sectors are still beyond legal binding.
Waste effluent treatment and Municipal Solid Waste disposal is gradually coming under attention of
concerned Government and Non government players.
Regarding biomass uses on a commercial basis, only one rice husk based power generation plant is
installed in Kapasia, Gajipur by a private company under financial assistance of World Bank. Only one
biomass based small boiler is running with a capacity of 2.5 ton in a furniture manufacturing factory
located at Kashimpur in Jirani Bazar of Gazipur district. Therefore, in case of non hazardous solid waste,
the prevailing practice in waste disposal in industrial sector neither very well structured nor utilized in
terms of energy recovery. The national 3R strategy highlighted the lack of policy and motivation and
argues for the importance in the quoted texts Biomass can be a future source of fuel power generation if
properly nurtured. Due to lack of policy and incentive package from the government, investors are less
interested in this sector. There is a need for adjusting the pricing power generated from biomass
compared to conventional power pricing. Tax incentives should be given to technologies related to
alternative sources of power, such as biomass based boilers. Incentive will encourage private sectors to
look for cleaner technologies which in the long run can reduce the use of fossil fuel and thus reduce
emission of green house gas.
Therefore, the barriers due to the prevailing practice are proven to be unfavorable for such type of
residual biomass project as adopted in APBML. The Prevailing Practice in host country can specified as:
A. There are no biomass based integrated Thermal Oil Heater technologies apart from this project so
far implemented in the particle board production industry in host country which demands a
Thermal Oil Heater system and not a steam boiler, as the process requires high consistent
temperatures.
B. There is only small biomass fired boiler with limited capacity so far installed in a furniture
factory in the Host Country, which is not technologically integrated like central Heat Generation
Plant.
C. There is a low prevalence in terms of the general utilization of biomass itself as a source of
industrial energy in the Host Country.
D. There is a low prevalence in terms of the general utilization of waste as a source of industrial
energy in the Host Country and is disposed in a non environment friendly manner
How CDM Alleviates the Barriers
This less technologically advanced alternative to the project activity using fossil fuel involves lower
performance risks, operational risks, fuel supply risks, quality uncertainty than the proposed activity, and
therefore is the most plausible business-as-usual scenario. The alternative of implementing a biomass
system without CDM is not attractive due to technological barriers and the prevailing practice in the
industry. As a conclusion, the barriers substantiate the projects additionality.
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Apart from proven conventional technological option, the implementation of biomass fired energy plant
with CDM will accelerate carbon market potential in the country. Hence low aware carbon market like
Bangladesh will definitely be motivated from this type of initiative. Once such project is awarded with
CDM benefits, the technology suppliers would also be interested to take financial risks in the form of
partnership in managing capital to implement this type of environmentally sound projects throughout the
country.
CDM Consideration
The project start date is before registration at UNFCCC, hence the serious consideration of CDM is
demonstrated as per Guidelines on the demonstration and assessment of prior consideration of the
CDM Version 04.
With a vision to expand and in search of scope for improvement in APBML production facility, the top
executives of the concern went to China and visited similar plants in 2007. Based on their tour
experience, management was interested to explore waste to energy generation aspects considering its
suitability to handle biomass wastes from production process more conveniently. It was expected to meet
the energy demand of any upcoming potential capacity expansion, more specifically of inclusion of new
MDF line. An initial feasibility was carried on the prospect of refused biomass based thermal oil heater
which recommended in favor of the technology focusing the development of an alternative energy source,
ease of waste handling and CDM benefit. The project got formal approval from board on 17 July 2008
with a provision of CDM. The project launched on 31 July 2008 through signing contract with the
supplier in presence of Group Managing Director in a visit to China.
The project was primarily intended to handle disposal problem of waste generated in-house and in the
neighbouring sister concern i.e. Akij Match factory. The volume of waste generated was quite big and
disposal of waste especially in the rainy season was a regular hassle. It was used to be dumped in factory
yard or left outside for free distribution or selling at a token rate. Due to space, health and environmental
issues and risk of fire hazards in the dry season, it used to create a regular burden for the factory as it was
not adequately facilitated with good disposal practice. Moreover absence of nearby controlled Landfill
and opportunity of selling waste bio-mass as a valuable by-product (as described in above Section B.5 in
barriers due to prevailing practice) were the two main constraints of proper waste disposal. During the
rainy season and even over the year of continuous exposure to open environment, the dumped waste gets
wet and was even difficult to sell or distribute to others and thus creates water logging.
As it was located just by the river, Department of Environment (DOE) of GoB randomly monitors the
waste disposal practice. For this reason, APBML management was seriously thinking to adopt permanent
and environment friendly means of waste management. The waste to energy plant was integrated with the
upcoming production expansion plan of the factory so designed to handle the waste from in-house sources
as well as to utilize local waste resources to sustain the future plant operation.
After subsequent progress on APBML expansion plan and finalization of specifications of energy plant
accommodating MDF facility, LC was opened to procure part of the capital machineries (thermal oil
heater) on 17 March 2009. The capital machineries received on site in five shipments starting from 28
April to 18 September, 2009 and partially commissioned for test trial by the end of December
incorporating only existing particle board manufacturing facility. After installation of dust collection
system and MDF plant in APBML in December 2010, the energy plant was integrated with the whole
system with full features. Addressing technical difficulties and adjusting draft, several trial runs took
place and the energy plant was fully operational on July 17, 2011.
The management being informed by their Chinese trader about CDM potential of similar plants and was
very keen to apply for such credit. Although Akij Board of directors decided to harness CDM benefit to
sustain this initiative but they were not able to find adequate information or manage technical support
UNFCCC/CCNUCC
CDM Executive Board
Page 15
regarding CDM project development from the very beginning. Only a very few donor backed project was
under CDM consideration in 2008-2010 in the host country hence truly difficult for a private entrepreneur
to obtain technical advice from DNA or CDM consultants available in the extremely unaware host
country situation. There was formal communication initiated by APBML management to DoE expressing
the emission reduction merit of this waste to energy plant as well as intention of secure CDM benefit.
Meantime, Bangladesh Carbon of Rahimafrooz Renewable Energy Ltd. (RRE) started its formal market
campaign as being the only private CDM project developer in the host country. It took almost a year from
of its registration to come up with commercial offer for developing CDM projects for the entrepreneurs.
Bangladesh Carbon informed by DOE on this project showed interest to render CDM projects
development services to APBML. After successive interaction followed by BD Carbon team site visit and
a preliminary CERs assessment on the project, APBML expressed their willingness to go with BD
Carbon for CDM project registration.
RRE signed an official CDM Project development Services Agreement on 11th August, 2010 with a
provision to share emission reduction credit with APBML. The project developer contacted several
validators since 2010 as evidenced and finally been able to engage Tricorona Carbon Asset Management
Pte Ltd to provide technical support in different stages of project life cycle. The PDD was submitted to
DNA for host country approval on July 2011 and an ERPA was signed with Tricorona as buyer of CERs
on February 2012 in parallel to the physical execution of the project. Actions in favor of securing CDM
status is listed as follows:
Chronology of
Events
Awareness of CDM
prior to the Project
activity start date
CDM were a
decisive factor in
the decision to
proceed with the
project
Continuing and real

actions were taken
to secure CDM
status in parallel
with Project
implementation
Description
Date
The project proponent visited similar projects

in China and came to know about CDM from
their Chinese traders.
2007
Carbon credits were one of the deciding

factors for management to approve the Project
proposal since the project was a first of its
kind in the host country and required a large
investment. The board approved the project
based on a rough cut feasibility made on the
proposal received from Chinese Trader with
recommendation in favor of the
implementation of such technology for
convenience of waste handling and prospect
for applying for CDM credit.
17 July
2008
1. Project owner informed DNA

Bangladesh regarding merit of
earning emission benefit from the
project
September
2009
2. Project sponsor seek CDM Project

January
Development support from DoE of
2010
DNA to develop project
3. Bangladesh Carbon was nominated by July 2010
Project Sponsor to render CDM
project service
4. MOU under a CDM service
August
Document
available
Chinese visa of the
personnel visited
site as supporting
document
Copy of BOD
resolution
Copy of
acknowledged
project concept
note by Department
of Environment
(DoE), Bangladesh
Copy of Letter as
received
E-mail
correspondence
available
Newspaper cutting ,
UNFCCC/CCNUCC
CDM Executive Board
Chronology of
Events
Page 16
Description
Date
framework partnership agreement on

basis of CERs sharing signed with
Rahimafrooz Renewable Energy Ltd.
5. Notify UNFCCC as well as local
DNA about the Project through Prior
consideration
6. Communication with prospective
DOE about validation
October
21, 2010
In UNFCCC
website
August
21, 2010
7. Submission of PDD for HCA
July 2011
8. ERPA signed with Tricorona, Sweden
29 Feb
2012
18 Nov
2012
E-Mail
correspondence
available
Copy of Letter
acknowledged by
DNA
Copy of contract
9. Obtain Host Country Approval from

DNA
11, 2010
Document
available
Copy of signed
Service
Copy of Approval
Letter from DNA
B.6. Emission reductions

B.6.1. Explanation of methodological choices
The project will claim emission reductions through the following two components:
- Displacement of fuel oil or diesel usage for thermal energy generation for process application
- Avoidance of methane production from biomass decay through controlled combustion.
Also, the emission reductions estimations from the methane avoidance component are below 60 ktCO2/yr
during each year of the all crediting period. Therefore, the project fits into the small scale category. This
methodology will then be used to claim the emission reductions from the methane avoidance component.
B.6.2. Data and parameters fixed ex ante
Data / Parameter
Ey,fuel
Unit
tCO2/tonnes of fuel
Description
Source of data
CO2 emission factor for the combustion of the auxiliary

fuelDiesel
IPCC default value
Value(s) applied
3.185
Choice of dataorMeasurement
methods and procedures
IPCC value
Purpose of data
For calculation of PEy,comb

-
Additional comment
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Page 17
Data / Parameter
CTy,w
Unit
Tonnes/truck
Description
Average truck capacity for waste transportation
Source of data
Estimated
Value(s) applied
20
Based on information from the Plant Management if any
Purpose of data
Additional comment
for calculation of PEy,transp

Since the production facility is very adjacent to Energy
Plant, incremental diesel consumption for Bio-mass
transportation is negligible
Data / Parameter
DAFw
Unit
Km/truck
Description
Average incremental distance for waste transportation.
Source of data
Estimated
Value(s) applied
Additional comment
Since the most of the waste is generated internally and

external waste sources are located within 10 km outside the
production facility is no incremental distance for waste
transportation.
-
Data / Parameter
EFCO2
Unit
tCO2/km
Description
CO2 emission factor for fuel use due to transportation
Source of data
Estimated
Value(s) applied
0.0013377
IPCC value of this parameter is used.
Purpose of data

-
Purpose of data
Additional comment
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Page 18
Data / Parameter
CTy,ash
Unit
Tonnes/truck
Description
Source of data
Average truck capacity for combustion residues

transportation.
Estimated
Value(s) applied
20
Based on information from the project developer.
Purpose of data
Additional comment

-
Data / Parameter
DAFash
Unit
Km/truck
Description
Source of data
Average incremental distance for combustion residues

transportation.
Estimated
Value(s) applied
Additional comment
Since the ash disposal unit is adjacent to Energy Plant, there

is no incremental distance for combustion residues to be
transported.
-
Data / Parameter
Dfuel
Unit
kg/l
Description
Density of fuel (Diesel) used
Source of data
IPCC Value
Value(s) applied
0.84
IPCC value
Purpose of data
for calculation of PEy,power

-
Purpose of data
Additional comment
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CDM Executive Board
Page 19
Data / Parameter
EFfuel
Unit
tCO2/tonnes of fuel
Description
CO2 emission factor for fuel use
Source of data
2006 IPCC Guidelines
Value(s) applied
3.185
Additional comment
The value used is for diesel since this is the type of fuel
being used by the project. In case other type of fuel is used,
the latest IPCC value will be applied.
for calculation of PEy,power
-
Data / Parameter
Unit
Fraction of methane in the SWDS gas (volume fraction).
Description
Source of data
EB 26, Meeting report, Annex 14: Tool to determine

methane emissions
Value(s) applied
0.5
The value used is the default value recommended by IPCC.
Purpose of data
for calculation of BE,CH4, SWDS,y
Additional comment
This factor reflects the fact that some degradable organic

carbon does not degrade, or degrades very slowly, under
anaerobic conditions in the SWDS. A default value of 0.5 is
recommended by IPCC.
Data / Parameter
DOCj
Unit
Description
Fraction of degradable organic carbon (by weight) in the

waste type j
methane emissions avoided from dumping waste at a solid
0.43
Purpose of data
Source of data
Value(s) applied
Purpose of data
The biomass waste used by the project is woody biomass

taken from surrounding facilities. The waste type that can
be attributed is then wet wood and wood products.
Additional comment
UNFCCC/CCNUCC
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Page 20
Data / Parameter
DOCf
Unit
Description
Fraction of degradable organic carbon (DOC) that can

decompose.
Source of data used: EB 26, Meeting report, Annex 14:
Tool to determine methane emissions avoided from
dumping waste at a solid waste disposal site.
0.5
Source of data
Value(s) applied
Purpose of data
Additional comment
Data / Parameter
MCF
Unit
Description
Methane correction factor.
Source of data

0.28
Value(s) applied
IPCC Default value
Purpose of data
Additional comment
Data / Parameter
kj
Unit
Description
Decay rate for the waste type j.
Source of data

0.035
Value(s) applied
Purpose of data
Reviewing meteorological data for Bangladesh, the climatic

conditions that best reflect are: MAT>20C and
MAP>1000mm per annum.
Additional comment
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Page 21
Data / Parameter
Unit
Description
Model correction factor to account for model uncertainties.
Source of data

0.9
Value(s) applied
Purpose of data
Additional comment
Oonk et el. (1994) have validated several landfill gas

models based on 17 realized landfill gas projects. The mean
relative error of multi-phase models was assessed to be
18%. Given the uncertainties associated with the model and
in order to estimate emission reductions in a conservative
manner, a discount of10% is applied to the model results.
Data / Parameter
OX
Unit
Description
Oxidation factor
Source of data
Value(s) applied

Tool to determine methane emissions
0

Tool to determine methane emissions
Purpose of data
for calculation of BE,CH4, SWDS,y.
Additional comment
No methane from SWDS is oxidised in the soil or other

material covering the waste
Data / Parameter
OH
Unit
Hr
Description
Plant operational hours
Source of data
Plant Management
Value(s) applied
8,000
Based on a conservative assumption for plant operational

hours.
Purpose of data
for calculation of EGy

-
Additional comment
UNFCCC/CCNUCC
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Page 22
B.6.3. Ex ante calculation of emission reductions

Baseline emission reductions calculations:
For AMS-I.C., the simplified baseline is the fuel consumption of the technologies that would have been
used in the absence of the project activity times an emission coefficient for the fossil fuel displaced.
BEy = (EG y / BL )* EF FF ,CO 2

where:
EGy: The net quantity of heat supplied by the project activity (TJ)
EFFF, CO2: The CO2 emission factor for the baseline fuel that would have been used in the baseline plant
(tCO2/TJ)
BL,thermal: The efficiency of the plant using fossil fuel that would have been used in the absence of the
project activity
The net quantity of heat supplied by the project activity would be monitored with appropriate measures.
Since the project activity is due to expansion of production therefore historical data are not available. The
heat output is basically of two forms i.e. hot oil and hot gas. For baseline calculation, net thermal energy
generation is initially estimated by rated capacity provided by the energy plant supplier for multiplied
with expected operation hour as per production plan.
EGy= Rated Thermal Capacity of plant *OH
The baseline emissions for AMS-III.E were calculated using equations of the simplified modalities and
procedures for small-scale CDM project activities.
The Yearly Methane Generation Potential is calculated using the first order decay model based on the
discrete time estimates method from the IPCC Guidelines, as described in category AMS III.G. The
baseline emissions are then:
BEy = BE,CH4, SWDS,y
Where:
BE,CH4, SWDS,y : methane generation potential in the year y (tonnes of CH4), estimated as inAMS III-E
In this project, no methane would be destroyed or removed for safety or legal regulations.
To calculate the methane generation potential, the following formula from AMS III-Eshould be used:
Where:
: Model correction factor to account for uncertainties (0.9).
f: Fraction of methane captured at the SWDS and flared, combusted or used in another manner.
GWPCH4: Global Warming Power for CH4 (value of 21 is used for the first commitment period)
OX: Oxidation factor (reflecting the amount of methane from SWDS that is oxidized in the soil or other
material covering the waste).
F: Fraction of methane in the SWDS gas (volume fraction) (0.5).
DOCf : Fraction of degradable organic carbon (DOC) that can decompose.
MCF : Methane Correction Factor
Wj,x : Amount of organic waste type j prevented from disposal in the SWDS in the year x
(tonnes).
DOCj : Fraction of degradable organic carbon (by weight) in the waste type j
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CDM Executive Board
Page 23
kj : Decay rate for the waste type j

j : Waste type category (index)
x : Year during the crediting period: x runs from the first year of the first crediting period (x=1) to the
year y for which avoided emissions are calculated (x=y).
y : is year for which methane emission are calculated.
Reviewing meteorological data for Bangladesh, the following parameters in the Tool to determine
methane emissions avoided from dumping wastes at a solid waste disposal site (EB26 meeting report
Annex14) best reflect the climatic conditions of biomass decomposition: MAT>20C and MAP>1000mm
per annum.
Project emissions calculations
For the AMS-I.C, the project emissions will come from the electricity the project will consume from the
grid to operate the biomass plant. The project emissions are then the electricity consumed from the grid in
MWh from the plant times the operational hours per annum times the Carbon Emission Factor from the
Bangladesh national grid in tCO2/MWh. See formula used below:
PEy,IC = Eelec * EEF
Where:
PEy,IC: project activity direct emissions through electricity consumption from the grid in the year y
(tCO2)
Eelec: Electricty consumed from the grid by the project activity (MWh)
EEF: Electricity Emission Factor in APBML (tCO2/MWh).
For the AMS-III.E, the project emissions formulae are:
PEy,IIIE = PEy,comb + PEy,transp+ PEy,power
Where:
PEy,IIIE : project activity direct emissions in the year y (tonnes of CO2 equivalent).
PEy,comb: emissions through combustion of non-biomass carbon in the year y.
PEy,transp: emissions through incremental transportation in the year y.
PEy,power : emissions through electricity or diesel consumption in the year y.
CO2 emissions from the combustion of the non-biomass carbon content of the wastes and from the
auxiliary fuel consumed will be estimated assuming the complete oxidation of carbon to CO2 in the
combustion.
PEy,comb = Qy,,non-biomass * 44/12 + Qy,fuel,aux * Ey,fuel
Where:
Qy,,non-biomass: Non-biomass carbon of the waste combusted in the year y (tonnes of carbon).
Qy,fuel,aux :Quantity of auxiliary fuel used in the year y (tonnes).
Ey,fuel :CO2 emission factor for the combustion of the auxiliary fuel (tonnes CO2 per tonnes fuel,
according to IPCC Guidelines).
Project activity emissions from trucks for incremental collection activities will be estimated and
considered as project activity emissions.
PEy,transp= (Qy/CTy) * DAFw * EFCO2 + (Qy,ash/CTy,ash) * DAFash * EFCO2
Where:
UNFCCC/CCNUCC
CDM Executive Board
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Qy : quantity of waste combusted in the year y (tonnes)

CTy : average truck capacity for waste transportation (tonnes/truck)
DAF : average incremental distance for waste transportation (km/truck)
EFCO2 : CO2 emission factor from fuel use due to transportation (kgCO2/km, IPCC default Values or
local values can be used).
Qy,ash : quantity of combustion residues produced in the year y (tonnes)
CTy,ash : average truck capacity for combustion residues transportation (tonnes/truck)
DAFash : average distance for combustion residues transportation (km/truck)
Project activity emissions through diesel consumption used basically for operating vehicles in the factory
will be estimated. To estimate the emissions coming from the usage of diesel, the following formula will
be used:
PEy,power= Qy,fuel*Dfuel*EFfuel
Where:
Qy,fuel: quantity of fuel consumed in the year y (l)
Dfuel: fuel density (kg/l)
EFfuel: fuel emission factor (tCO2/ton fuel)
Emissions from the biomass left to decay due to the inactivity of the Plant during its downtime period will
not be considered as project activity emissions.
Leakage calculations
For both AMS-I.C. and AMS-III.E a leakage calculation is required if the generating equipment is
transferred from another activity. As no generating equipment is being transferred, there is no leakage
calculation required.
Neither exposure of RDF/SB in anaerobic condition nor selling to outside the project activity is applicable
for this project as mentioned in AMS-III.E. According to AMS-I.C. leakage for collection processing and
transportation for this project is not applicable since there is no emission from collection and processing
of residual biomass in this case and transportation of external waste not exceeding the limit of 200 km
mostly being from adjacent factories.
In addition, following the General guidance on leakage in biomass project activities, there are three
main sources of leakage for this type of project activity mentioned as: shifts of pre-project activities,
emission related to the production of the biomass, competing uses for the biomass. Since the project will
be using wood residues as fuel and this product is a biomass residue or waste from industries, leakage
from competing use of biomass is not applicable for such type of activities. Use of residues is unlikely to
affect the generation of waste i.e. production of wood waste is related with the production of particle
board and same for other factories, hence independent of the project activity, shifts of pre-project
activities can be ignored. Again percentage of families/households in the community affected by the
displaced project activity (refer to Section B.4 baseline for AMS III.C) being insignificant, leakage can be
considered negligible and assumed to be zero (for leakage less than 10% as mentioned in guideline).
Emission for the production of renewable biomass is again not applicable for the project (i.e. no such
activities like use of fertilizer or clearance of land).
UNFCCC/CCNUCC
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Page 25
B.6.4. Summary of ex ante estimates of emission reductions

Emission reduction through Thermal Energy generation component for AMS-I.C small scale
methodology:
Year
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
Total
Total number of
crediting years
Annual
average over the
crediting period
Baseline
emissions
(t CO2e)
Project emissions
(t CO2e)
Leakage
(t CO2e)
Emission
reductions
(t CO2e)
36,969
36,969
36,969
36,969
36,969
36,969
36,969
36,969
36,969
36,969
369,690
2,808
2,808
2,808
2,808
2,808
2,808
2,808
2,808
2,808
2,808
28,080
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
34,161
34,161
34,161
34,161
34,161
34,161
34,161
34,161
34,161
34,161
341,610
34,161
10
36,969
2,808
Emission reduction through Methane avoidance component for AMS-III.E small scale methodology:
Year
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
Total
Total number of
crediting years
Annual
average over the
crediting period
Baseline
emissions
(t CO2e)
Project emissions
(t CO2e)
Leakage
(t CO2e)
Emission
reductions
(t CO2e)
1,082
2,127
3,137
4,111
5,052
5,961
6,838
7,685
8,503
9,293
53,789
24
24
24
24
24
24
24
24
24
24
240
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1,058
2,103
3,113
4,087
5,028
5,937
6,814
7,661
8,479
9,269
53,549
5,355
10
5,379
24
UNFCCC/CCNUCC
CDM Executive Board
Page 26
Emission reductions estimations taken both methodologies into account:
Year
Baseline
emissions
(t CO2e)
Project emissions
(t CO2e)
Leakage
(t CO2e)
Emission
reductions
(t CO2e)
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
38,051
39,096
40,105
41,080
42,021
42,929
43,807
44,654
45,472
46,262
2,832
2,832
2,832
2,832
2,832
2,832
2,832
2,832
2,832
2,832
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
35,219
36,264
37,273
38,248
39,189
40,097
40,975
41,822
42,640
43,430
Total
Total number of
crediting years
Annual
average over the
crediting period
423,477
28,320
395,157
39,516
10
42,348
2,832
B.7. Monitoring plan

B.7.1. Data and parameters to be monitored
Data / Parameter
Qy,non-biomass
Unit
Description
Source of data
Value(s) applied
Measurement methods
and procedures
Monitoring frequency
QA/QC procedures
Purpose of data
Additional comment
tC
Non-biomass carbon of the waste combusted in the year y.
N/A
N/A
To Calculate PEy,comb
Only biomass waste is expected to be combusted in this project. Hence, this
is not applicable for the existing project activity. However, should nonbiomass waste at any point in time be used, the quantity will be measured.
UNFCCC/CCNUCC
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Data / Parameter
Unit
Description
Source of data
Qy,fuel,aux
Tonnes
Quantity of auxiliary fuel used in the year y.
Measured
Value(s) applied
Measurement methods
and procedures
QA/QC procedures
Purpose of data
Additional comment
N/A
N/A
Data / Parameter
Unit
Description
Source of data
Value(s) applied
Measurement methods
and procedures
Qy,w
Tonnes
Quantity of waste combusted in the year y.
Measured
35,679
Measured and recorded monthly. This parameter will be measured with a
weighbridge.
QA/QC procedures
Monthly on actual weight basis

According to national standards, weighbridge will be calibrated
periodically.
To calculatePEy,transp
This is the equivalent of the parameter from the first order decay model:
Wj,x.
Purpose of data
Additional comment
To calculate PEy,comb
Only biomass waste is expected to be combusted in this project.
Data / Parameter
Unit
Description
Source of data
Value(s) applied
Measurement methods
and procedures
QA/QC procedures
Qy,ash
Tonnes
Quantity of combustion residues produced in the year y
Measured
Daily measured and monthly recorded.
Purpose of data
Additional comment
To calculate PEy,transp
-
Daily
periodically.
UNFCCC/CCNUCC
CDM Executive Board
Page 28
Data / Parameter
Unit
Description
Source of data
Value(s) applied
Measurement methods
and procedures
QA/QC procedures
Qy,fuel
L
Quantity of fuel consumed in year y
Measured
Monthly measured and recorded.
Purpose of data
Additional comment
To calculate PEy,power
-
Data / Parameter
Unit
Description
Source of data
Value(s) applied
Measurement methods
and procedures
Wj,x
Tonnes
Amount of organic waste type j used in year x.
Measured
Measured and recorded monthly. This parameter will be measured with a
weighbridge.
QA/QC procedures
Monthly
periodically.
Purpose of data
Additional comment
To calculate BECH4,SWDS,y
This is the equivalent of the parameter from the first order decay model:
Qy,w.
Monthly
This will be determined on the basis of invoices.
UNFCCC/CCNUCC
CDM Executive Board
Data / Parameter
Unit
Description
Source of data
Value(s) applied
Measurement methods
and procedures
Page 29
HGy
TJ
Heat energy output from thermal oil heater and flue gas
Measured, qcoilflow, qairflow, tin, tout
Heat content is the sum of energy gain by thermal oil from biomass
combustor and energy delivered by flue gas in economizer and MDF.
The mass of thermal oil heated (qoil flow) will be multiplied by the heat
content
(Hoil) over the output and return oil temperature, to obtain HGy.The mass
of airflow (qairflow) will be multiplied by the heat content(Hfg) at the inlet
and exit of MDF. The water flow rate(qwater) at economizer will be
multiplied with heat content (Hwater) corresponding to the temperature
gain in economizer.
HGycan be measured directly by a continuous energy meter or heat
calculator.
The output units may be in GJ or MWh.
QA/QC procedures
Continuous
Meters will be calibrated periodically in line with manufacturers
recommendations.
Purpose of data
Additional comment
To calculate Heat energy output from thermal oil heater and flue gas
-
B.7.2. Sampling plan

This section details the steps regularly taken to monitor the GHG emissions reductions from the project.
The Monitoring Plan for this project has been developed to ensure that from the start, the project is well
organized in terms of the collection and archiving of complete and reliable data.
CDM Organization and Management
Prior to the start of the crediting period, clear roles and responsibilities will be assigned to all the staffs
involved in the CDM project activity. The project developer will have an appointed person-in-charge
onsite, who will be responsible for monitoring the project emission reductions and data management. All
the staffs involved in the collection of data and records will be coordinated by this person.
Data Monitoring and Collection
Data monitored for CDM purposes will be recorded at the appropriate frequency by the project developer.
A person-in-charge will be responsible for managing the collection, storage, and archiving of all pertinent
CDM data and records. All such data will be archived electronically, and regularly backed-up. All data
required for verification and issuance will be retained for at least two years following the end of the
crediting period or the last issuance of project CERs, whichever occurs later.
For quality assurance, data and records will be cross-checked by the designated person-in-charge prior to
storage and archiving to identify possible errors or omissions. Data will thus have been checked for
UNFCCC/CCNUCC
CDM Executive Board
Page 30
anomalies or other monitoring issues prior to being forwarded to Bangladesh Carbon, Rahimafrooz
Renewable Energy Ltd, the CDM consultant. Bangladesh Carbon will perform a regular final check of the
data and analyze project performance prior to any verification. Moreover, regular internal audits will be
conducted to ensure that the project is in compliance with operational and CDM requirements.
Training will be conducted on-site to ensure that staff is capable of performing designated tasks to high
standards. On-the-job training will be provided by the technology provider for a period of three (3)
months after commissioning, and further extended if necessary (subject to mutual agreement between the
project developer and technology provider).Procedures will be developed to deal with possible
monitoring data adjustments and uncertainties, in addition to emergencies.
Maintenance and Calibration of Monitoring Equipment
All equipment will be calibrated and maintained in accordance with manufacturers recommendations to
ensure measurement accuracy and as per national standard practice. Records of calibration and
maintenance will be retained as part of the CDM monitoring system. Data will be read off all CDM
monitoring relevant equipment and collected on site by the plant operation personnel.
Project Activity Emissions Reductions
The amount of thermal energy generated using biomass fuel, HGy, will be calculated based on the
amount of heat transferred to the carrier oil and heat delivered by the flue gas in economizer and in MDF.
The mass of thermal oil heated (qoil flow) will be multiplied by the heat content (Hoil) over the output
and return oil temperature. The mass of airflow (qairflow) will be multiplied by the heat content (Hfg) at
the inlet and exit of MDF. The water flow rate (qwater) at economizer will be multiplied with heat
content (Hwater) corresponding to the temperature gain in economizer.
Alternatively, HGy can be measured directly by a continuous energy meter or heat calculator. The amount
of thermal energy generated using biomass fuels will be compared with the amount of each type of
biomass fuel used i.e. fuel consumption in combustor. The amount of biomass consumed will be used for
calculation of methane avoidance from waste disposal.
Data from the weighbridge is used for invoicing the biomass volume collected from external sources and
hence measured with utmost care. Deductions will be made for project emissions from auxiliary power
consumption.
Electricity consumed as auxiliary power will be recorded through a meter inserted on the dedicated
supply feeder. Any auxiliary fuel is used will be invoiced and recorded as per standard industry practice.
B.7.3. Other elements of monitoring plan
All the parameters used in the monitoring plan of this project, will be monitored using appropriate devices
and archived in rational frequency by a Monitoring Team. The team will consist of one Plant Operations
Engineer, onePlant Maintenance Engineer and one Administrative Executive. The Monitoring Team will
routinely generate report to the Plant Manager.
UNFCCC/CCNUCC
CDM Executive Board
SECTION C. Duration and crediting period

C.1. Duration of project activity
C.1.1. Start date of project activity
31/07/2008
C.1.2. Expected operational lifetime of project activity
15 years
C.2. Crediting period of project activity
C.2.1. Type of crediting period
10 years Fixed Crediting Period
C.2.2. Start date of crediting period
The project is expected to start crediting period by 01/11/2013.
C.2.3. Length of crediting period
10 years
Page 31
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CDM Executive Board
Page 32
SECTION D. Environmental impacts

D.1. Analysis of environmental impacts
Although the project does not meet the criteria to make an Environmental Impact Assessment report
necessary, the project developers have designed the plant to be environmentally compliant as it must
comply with all Bangladesh environmental regulations and standards. For safety and operational issues,
the project complies with boiler and other regulations of national authorities. It has also passed the
national compliance standard from the country of manufacture i.e. China in this case.
Moreover, the project itself is an initiative to improve the working condition of the particle board
production facility significantly since it includes a central dust collection system to collect the wood dusts
and use them in energy generation.
Again it inhibits possibility of eutrophication and water logging caused by open dumping of wood waste.
Since the project is located on the banks of the river and it is usually practiced for the stockpiled waste to
be dumped on riverbank periodically, slow decomposition of bio degradable wood wastes is susceptible
to release nitrogen and thereby favoring growth of algae or other micro-organisms i.e. eutrophication.
Therefore, the project is an environment friendly initiative of the project proponent in every aspect in
national context.
D.2. Environmental impact assessment
Environmental impacts from this type of project are considered significant neither by the project
participants nor by the host country.
UNFCCC/CCNUCC
CDM Executive Board
Page 33
SECTION E. Local stakeholder consultation

E.1. Solicitation of comments from local stakeholders
Local Stakeholders Consultation (LSC) has been conducted and following activities were undertaken.
A presentation was delivered by the CDM Project developer to Project Participant in the case
APBML, clearly explaining the characteristics, requirements, and procedures on the stakeholders
consultation on 30 May, 2013.
APBML primarily identified the contact address of all the relevant stakeholder organizations that
includes Government institutions, NGOs, individuals and community representatives and other
surrounding factories on 2 June, 2013.
APBML authority circulated an invitation on Stakeholders Consultation in their official letter
head, inviting the relevant stakeholders to attend the meeting on 6 June, 2013.
Relevant brief Project information sent to the stakeholders prior to the consultation session on 6
June, 2013 as enclosed with invitation letter.
LSC was conducted on 20th June 2013 at APBML factory premise.
Participants Attending the LSC on the Project

Venue: Conference Room, Akij Particle Board Mills Limited, Toraghat, Manikgonj.
Date: 20th June, 2013
Serial
Name
No
1
Md. Rafiqul Islam
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
Md. Sultan Reza Khan

Md. Raja Mia
Md. Piyar Ali
Md. Meher Ali
S.M Mofijul Islam
Md. Tosharof Hossen Tushar
Mr. Jhantu Boshak
Mobarok Hossain
Md. Delowar Hossen
Md. Alif Mia
Md. Erfan Uddin
13
14.
Md. Ali Azam

Minhaz Ahmad
15
Samiran Kumar Mondal
16
17
18
19
Sk. Zakaria Nashim

Md. Tareque Aziz
Md. Mostofa Zaman
Md. Ahsan Uddin
20
Uttam Kumar Sarkar
Designation
Organization
Additional Deputy
Commissioner,
Assistant Director
Union Parishad Member
Local Resident
Local Resident
Regional Leaf Manager
Raw Material Supplier
Representative
District Commissioner Office

(DC), Manikgonj
Fire Service & Civil Defence
Nobogram Union
N/A
N/A
Dhaka Tobacco Industries
M/S Monoara Traders
Joy Joya Enterprise
M/S Khadija Traders
Arif Enterprise
M/S Tanjina Enterprise
Shahar Unnoyon Somobai
Somiti
M/S Azam Traders
APBML

Deputy General Manager
&
Plant Chief
Assistant
Manager(Production)
Deputy Manager (Production)
Sr. Officer (Production)
Sr. Officer (Production)
Sr. Officer (Costing and
Budgetary Control)
Sr. Officer (VAT)
APBML
APBML
APBML
APBML
APBML
APBML
UNFCCC/CCNUCC
CDM Executive Board
Serial
No
Name
Page 34
Designation
Organization
APBML
APBML
APBML
APBML
Bangladesh Carbon,
Rahimafrooz Renewable
Energy Ltd.
Bangladesh Carbon,
Rahimafrooz Renewable
Energy Ltd.
21
22
23
24
25
Md. Khalilur Rahman

Md. Fayaz Ahmed
Md. Jillur Rahman.
Md. Abdus Satter Gazi
Utpal Bhattacharjee
Sr. Officer(Store)
Sr. Officer(Distribution)
Officer (Wood Store)
Jr. Officer(HR & Admin)
Manager
26
Debasish Chowdhury
Officer
During the stakeholders consultation session, the CDM project developer performed the following
activities.
Kept a record of attendance including names of the invitees, institutions, address and contact
details with signature.
Explained the project using multimedia presentation in local language and in non technical terms.
Opened the floor for questions from the audience
Discussed all relevant social and environmental benefits of the Project to the local stakeholders
Prepared a report with meeting minutes, queries and questions rose during the consultation
session with clarification of project sponsor and sent it to the validator.
Snapshots of APBML Local Stakeholder Consultation
UNFCCC/CCNUCC
CDM Executive Board
Page 35
E.2. Summary of comments received

The following comments were received during the LSC.
What are the objectives of this session?

Although the sludge formation from bio-mass exhaust ashes is insignificant in volume but how
APBML is handling its disposal?
Carbon dioxide is a gas. So why it is measured in unit of mass in CERs calculation?
How can Project Owner estimated the amount of 40,000 tons CO2 reduction from this project
activity in year scale?
What are the types of Bio-mass generally used in Particle Board Production Process?
Why cost of biomass based energy plant is relatively high in comparison to conventional fossil
fired system?
E.3. Report on consideration of comments received

The following clarifications were made in reply of Stakeholders comments.
The sole objective of this session is to disseminate CDM Project related information to the
identified stakeholders and receive their formal comments and feedback for further course of
action.
The mentioned sludge is the precipitated ash collected from the bottom ash unit of bio-mass
combustor is very insignificant in comparison to the volume of bio-mass combusted. APBML
management is duly concerned about its disposal in controlled and environment friendly manner.
Presently they are using those precipitated ashes for filling the free low ground inside factory
areas.
The globally standard unit of CER is termed as Ton of CO2e. This represents the amount of
emission reducing on a mass basis not on volumetric basis so that all the GHGs emission can be
measured under the same unit.
With the help of UNFCCC approved appropriate methodology, this was calculated. In the
verification phase, this amount will be verified again in context of approved plant monitoring
plan.
The significant source of bio-mass for this energy plant is coming from the production residues.
However rest amount are mostly taken from the waste bio-mass generated in other sister concerns
of APBML in form of woodchips, off-cut, match veneer and saw dusts.
This is an alternative energy generation plant from the renewable bio-mass and its initial capital
investment is way higher than the investment required for conventional fossil fuel based plant,
due to its high technical and integrated features, central control and management system with IT
integration, dedicated bio-mass handling unit with central dust collection systems etc.
UNFCCC/CCNUCC
CDM Executive Board
Page 36
SECTION F. Approval and authorization

The project has obtained host country approval (HCA) from Designated National Authority (DNA),
Bangladesh on 18 November, 2012.
The project has signed an ERPA agreement with Tricorona Carbon Asset Management Pte Ltd, Sweden
on 29 February, 2012.
-----
UNFCCC/CCNUCC
CDM Executive Board
Appendix 1: Contact information of project participants

Organization:
Street/P.O.Box:
Building:
City:
State/Region:
Postfix/ZIP:
Country:
Telephone:
FAX:
E-Mail:
URL:
Represented by:
Title:
Salutation:
Last Name:
Middle Name:
First Name:
Department:
Mobile:
Direct FAX:
Direct tel:
Personal E-Mail:
AkijParticle Board Mills Ltd. (APBML)

73, Dilkusha C/A
Akij Chamber
Dhaka
Dhaka
Dhaka-1000
Bangladesh
880-2-9569602
880-2-9564519
minhaz@akij.net
www.akijgroup.com
Minhaz Ahmad
DGM (Marketing) & Plant Manager
Mr.
Ahmad
Minhaz
Akij Particle Board Mills Ltd,(factory),Toraghat, Ghior, Manikgonj
+880 1730 315769
minhaz@akij.net
Page 37
UNFCCC/CCNUCC
CDM Executive Board
Organization:
Street/P.O.Box:
Building:
City:
State/Region:
Postfix/ZIP:
Country:
Telephone:
FAX:
E-Mail:
URL:
Represented by:
Title:
Salutation:
Last Name:
Middle Name:
First Name:
Department:
Mobile:
Direct FAX:
Direct tel:
Personal E-Mail:
Tricorona Carbon Asset Management Pte Ltd

50 Raffles Place
35-01 Singapore Land Tower
Singapore
Singapore
048623
Republic of Singapore
+65 6499 1288
+65 6499 1299
jenny.granath@tricorona.com
www.tricorona.com
Jenny Granath
Senior Origination Manager
Ms.
Granath
Jenny
+65 9008 5980
+65 6499 1299
Page 38
UNFCCC/CCNUCC
CDM Executive Board
Organization:
Street/P.O.Box:
Building:
City:
State/Region:
Postfix/ZIP:
Country:
Telephone:
FAX:
E-Mail:
URL:
Represented by:
Title:
Salutation:
Last Name:
Middle Name:
First Name:
Department:
Mobile:
Direct FAX:
Direct tel:
Personal E-Mail:
Bangladesh Carbon, Rahimafrooz Renewable Energy Ltd

260/B Tejgaon Industrial Area
Evergreen Plaza
Dhaka
Dhaka
Dhaka-1208
Bangladesh
880-2-8878525-7
880-2-8878566
utpal.bhattacharjee@rahimafrooz.com
http://www.bangladesh-carbon.com/
Utpal Bhattacharjee
Manager, Carbon Project Development Services
Mr.
Bhattacharjee
Utpal
Bangladesh Carbon, CPDS
880-1715785883
880-2-8878566
880-2-8878525-7
utpal.bhattacharjee@rahimafrooz.com
Page 39
UNFCCC/CCNUCC
CDM Executive Board
Page 40
Appendix 2: Affirmation regarding public funding

No public funding used for this project.
UNFCCC/CCNUCC
CDM Executive Board
Page 41
Appendix 3: Applicability of selected methodology

Not Applicable.
UNFCCC/CCNUCC
CDM Executive Board
Page 42
Appendix 4: Further background information on ex ante calculation of emission reductions

INPUT DATA
Baseline emissions
Formula used
Variables
Meth III.E
BEy=BECH4,SWDS,y
GWP_CH4
MDy,reg
MB,y
21
0
Variables
f
OX
F
DOCf
MCF (type 1)
MCF (type 2)
Wj,x
y
x
0.9
0
0
0.5
0.5
0.28
0.28
see table
2011
2011
Annex 14, meeting report, EB 26

year
year
Using the following cells you can define up to four different types of biomass used and in the "Baseline Emission" sheet you can then enter the amount of each one used
FIRST TYPE
Wood and wood products
Choose Type
Choose Type
Is the biomass considered as wet or dry?
Wet
Is the biomass considered as wet or dry?
Tropical (MAT>20C), Wet (MAP>1000mm)
Type of weather
Type of weather
DOCj obtained
Kj obtained
Project emissions
DOCj obtained
Kj obtained
43%
0.035
Meth III.E
Formula used
Variables
PEy,comb
PEy,transp
Formula used
Variables
Qy,non-biomass
Qy,fuel,aux
Ey,fuel
Formula used
Variables
Qy
CTy
DAFw
EFCO2
PEy,power
Qy,ash
CTy,ash
DAFash
19 tonnes CO2
0 tonnes C
0 tonnes fuel
3.185 tonnes CO2 / tonnes fuel
35,679 tons/yr
10 tonnes / truck
1 km / truck
0.0013377 tCO2 / km
Fuel consumption
Diesel density
Tons of diesel used
CO2 emissions
Leakage
diesel
consumption
density
1783.951933 tons/yr
20 tonnes / truck
0 km / truck
20 l/day
0.84 kg/l
6.048 tfuel/yr
3.185 tCO2/tfuel
3.1850 tCO2/tfuel
2 Km/litre
0.84 Kg/litre
360 days/yr
Meth III.E
If the controlled combustion technology is equipment transferred from another activity or if the existing equipment is transferred to
another activity, leakage effects at the site of the other activity are to be considered.
Leakage
0 tCO2e/yr
SECOND TYPE
Wood and wood products
Dry
Tropical (MAT>20C), Wet (MAP>1000mm)
50%
0.035
UNFCCC/CCNUCC
CDM Executive Board
APBML New Plant Features
Baseline emissions
Page 43
Meth I.C
Oil heater
Flue gas heater
Total thermal capacity
Oil heater capacity in MW
Flue gas heater capacity in MW
12
1.8
13.8
13.95
2.09
Total thermal capacity
16.05 MW
Plant operation
360
499.11
95
525
15.5
Baseline Scenario
Yearly Biomass requirement
Since 1 Gcal=4186 MJ, 1 Gcal/hr=1.1627 MW

As expected
Days/yr
TJ/yr
%
TJ/yr
MJ/kg
1 MWhr=3.6 GJ
ugh manufacture mentioned as 95%, this value will be changed if
2006 IPCC Guidelines for wood and Dust
35679.0 t/yr
Diesel Calorific value

Density of Diesel
Baseline Efficiency
Diesel Consumption
Diesel EF
Emissions Reductions
43
0.84
100.00
11,607
3.185
36,969
MJ/kg
kg/l
%
t/yr
tCO2/tfuel
tCO2/yr
See Sources and Assumptions

See Sources and Assumptions
Default Efficiency if it is not obtained in other way
biomass* CVb/CVd, will be changed later
Calculated
Meth I.C
Plant electricity cons.
Total elec. consumption
Bangladesh CEF
Leakage
Source/Comments
Given by Supplier of Energy Plant
Given by Supplier of Energy Plant
24 Hr/yr
Day of operation per year

Total energy generation in TJ/yr
Efficiency of Energy Plant
Energy Input required
NCV of wood dust
Project emissions
Gcalhr
Gcalhr
Gcalhr
MW
MW
0.5 MW
0.5 MW
0.65 tCO2e/MWh
8640 hr/yr
Meth I.C
If the controlled combustion technology is equipment transferred from another activity or if the existing equipment is transferred to another
activity, leakage effects at the site of the other activity are to be considered.
Leakage
0 tCO2e/yr
UNFCCC/CCNUCC
CDM Executive Board
Appendix 5: Further background information on monitoring plan

Not applicable.
Page 44
UNFCCC/CCNUCC
CDM Executive Board
Page 45
Appendix 6: Summary of post registration changes

Not applicable
-----
UNFCCC/CCNUCC
CDM Executive Board
Page 46
History of the document
Version
04.1
Date
11 April 2012
04.0
EB 66
13 March 2012
EB 25, Annex 15
26 July 2006
02
EB 14, Annex 06b
14 June 2004
01
EB 05, Paragraph 12
03 August 2002
Decision Class: Regulatory
Document Type:Form
Business Function: Registration
Nature of revision
Editorial revision to change version 02 line in history box from Annex 06 to
Annex 06b.
Revision required to ensure consistency with the Guidelines for completing
the project design document form for CDM project activities (EB 66, Annex
8).
03
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