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RATE OF CHANGE PROBLEMS

1. Suppose the function is defined by y = f(x) =


x2-x. Find the average rate of change of y with
respect to x over the interval [1,3]. Find the
instantaneous rate of change of y with respect
to x. a) 3 b.)-3
2. The formula for finding the area of a circle is
given by

A= r 2 . (a) Find the average rate

at which the area of a circle changes with r as


the radius increases from r = 1 to r = 3. (b)
Find the instantaneous rate at which the area
of a circle changes with r, when r = 3. a)4
b)6
3. Suppose a one peso coin is dropped from a
height of 100 meters, its height s at time t is
s(t) = -4.9t2+100 where s is measured in
meters and t is measured in seconds. (a) Find
the average velocity on the interval [1,3]. (b)
Find the instantaneous velocity when t = 2
seconds. (c) How long will it take the object to
hit the ground? (d) Find the velocity of the
object when it hits the ground. a)-19.6mps b)19.6mps c)4.52s d)-44.3 mps
4. A projectile is fired straight upward. Its
distance above the ground after t seconds is
given by s(t) = -4.9t2 + 300t. (a)Find the time
at which projectile hits the ground. (b) Find the
velocity at which the projectile hits the ground.
(c) What is the maximum altitude achieved by
the projectile? (d) What is the acceleration at
any time t? a)61.22s b)299.76mps c)30.6s d)9.8m/s2
5. A stone is dropped from the top of a bridge
lands in a river below 10 seconds later. (a)
What distance does the stone travel from the
bridge to the water? (b)With what speed does
the stone hit the water? a)490m b)980mps
6. A stone is dropped into a lake, causing water
waves that form concentric circles. If after t
seconds, the radius of one of the waves is 50t
cm, find the rate of change with respect to t of
the area of a circle caused by the wave at t = 2
seconds. Ans. dA/dt (2) = 10,000
7. The position of a particle at time t is s(t) =
t3-4t2-8t meters. Find the particles acceleration
each time the velocity is zero. Ans. 12.64m/s2
8. The current I (in amperes) in an electrical
circuit is given by I = 100/R for resistance R (in

ohms). Find the rate of change of I with respect


to R when the resistance is 30 ohms. Ans. dI/dR
(30) = -1/9
RELATED RATES PROBLEMS
9. The top of a ladder 10 meters long rests on a
vertical wall of residential building while the
bottom rests on a horizontal ground. If the top
slides down at the rate of 20 meters per
minute, how fast is the lower end moves along
the ground when the lower end is 8 meters
from the wall? Ans. 15m/min
10. A man 167.68 centimeters tall is walking
directly away from a lamp post fronting a
building at the rate of 91.46 centimeters per
second. If the lamp is 8 meters above the
ground, find (a) the rate at which his shadow is
lengthening, and (b) the rate at which the tip of
his shadow is moving. Ans. A)24.69cps
b)116.15cps
11. Water runs into a conical tank at the rate of
8 cubic meters per hour. If the height of the
cone is 10 meters and the diameter of its
opening is 12 meters, how fast is the water
level rising when the water is 3 meters deep?
Ans. 0.79mph
12. A girl is using straw to drink coke from a
right cylindrical glass at the rate of 6 cubic
centimeters per second. If the height of the
glass is 12 centimeters and the diameter is 6
centimeters, how fast is the level of coke falling
at a constant rate? Ans. -0.21cps
13. A man is flying a kite. He holds the string
1.5meters above level ground, and the string is
paid out at the rate of 2 meters per second as
the kite moves horizontally at an altitude of
51.5 meters. Assuming there is no sag in the
string, find the rate at which the kite is moving
horizontally when there are 80 meters of cord
out? Ans. 2.56mps
14. A man on a wharf 12 meters above the
level of water is pulling a rope tied to a boat at
the rate of 2 meters per minute. How fast is the
boat approaching the wharf when there are 20
meters of rope out? Ans. -2.5m/min.
APPLIED OPTIMIZATION PROBLEMS
15. Find the dimensions of the rectangular lot
that can be enclosed using 1,000 meters of
fencing material and whose area is as large as
possible. Ans. 62,500sq.m.

16. An open box with a rectangular base is to


be made from 120 centimeters by 240
centimeters of steel plate by cutting out
squares of equal size from the four and
bending up the sides. Find the size of the
corner to obtain a box with the largest possible
volume. Ans. 332,553.76cm3.

17. Find the radius and height of the rightcircular cylinder of largest volume that can be
inscribed in a right-circular cone with radius
20cm and height 30cm. Ans. 10.005cm

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