THE UNIVERSITY OF CALGARY

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL AND COMPUTER ENGINEERING

ENEL 327 - Signals and Transforms

FINAL EXAMINATION

Date: April 22, 2010

Time: 8 a.m. 11a.m.

Student ID#: ____________________________

Instructions:
1.

This is a closed-book examination.

2.

Answer all questions.

3.

Calculators are not permitted during the examination.

Question
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
TOTAL

Marks

ENEL 327 Final Examination

Page 2 of 12

Name: __________________________

Marks
[12] 1. (a) A function y[n] has the unilateral z-transform
z3
.
z 3 3z 2 + 5 z 9
Find the z-transform of y1[n] = y[n + 3]u[n]
Y ( z) =

z
u z , find the z-transform of the following function using the properties
(b) Given 4n
z4
of z-transforms:
f [n] = n(n 1)4n

ENEL 327 Final Examination

Page 3 of 12

Name: __________________________

Marks
[15] 2. Suppose that we are given the following information about an LTI system: If the input to the
n

1
system is x1[n] = u[n] , then the output is:
6
n
1 n
1
y1[n] = a + 10 u[n]
3
2

7
n
( 1)
4
a.) Determine the transfer function of this system and the value of the number a.
b.) Determine the ROC.
c.) Determine the stability and causality of this system.
d.) Determine the difference equation that describes this system

where a is a real number. If x2 [n] = ( 1) , then the output is y2 [n] =

n

ENEL 327 Final Examination

Page 4 of 12

Name: __________________________

Marks
[13]

A system with the impulse response h[n] = ( 0.9 ) ( 0.8 ) u[n] is subject to a unit step

input, that is, x[n] = u[n] .

a.) Use z- transform to find the filters output y[n] .
b.) Verify your answer to part a) using the time-domain convolution.
3.

ENEL 327 Final Examination

Page 5 of 12

Name: __________________________

Marks
[10] 4. Let x(t ) be an input signal whose Fourier transform is
X ( j ) = ( ) + ( ) + ( 5), .
and let h(t ) = u (t ) u (t 2) be the system impulse response
(a) Is x(t ) periodic?
(b) Is system output periodic?

ENEL 327 Final Examination

Page 6 of 12

Marks
[12] 5. Determine whether the system defined by:

y[n] =

x [k ]

k = n

is:
(i) memoryless;
(ii) invertible;
(iii)causal;
(iv) stable;
(v) time invariant;
(vi) linear.
Justify your answers!

Name: __________________________

ENEL 327 Final Examination

Page 7 of 12

Name: __________________________

Marks
[12]
6. For the following system, sketch A( ), B( ), C ( ), and Y ( ) . Show all amplitudes and
frequencies.

x(t)

a(t)

H1(t)

H2(t)

y(t)

cos 100t

cos 50t

H1(w)

X(w)

-10

c(t)

b(t)

10

-50

-40

40

H2(w)

50

-100

100

ENEL 327 Final Examination

Marks
[12] 7. For the following convolutions:
(a) sinc(t )*sinc(t )
(b) sinc(t )*e j2t sinc(t )

Page 8 of 12

Name: __________________________

ENEL 327 Final Examination

Page 9 of 12

Name: __________________________

Marks

1

[14] 8. A signal x ( t ) = cos t is sampled with a periodic impulse train p ( t ) = ( t Tk ) to
k =
2
form a signal y ( t ) = x ( t ) p ( t )
a. What constraint must be placed on T to avoid aliasing in the sampled signal y ( t ) ?
b. The signal x ( t ) is now sampled with a new periodic impulse train p ( t ) =

(t k )

k =

form a new signal z ( t ) = x ( t ) p ( t ) . Find and sketch Z ( ) , the Fourier transform of z ( t ) .

to

ENEL 327 Final Examination

Page 10 of 12

Name: __________________________

Fourier Transform Properties

Operations
Linearity

Time Function

Fourier Transform

af1 (t ) + bf 2 (t )
f (t t0 )

aF1 ( ) + bF2 ( )

Time shift
Time scaling

f (at )

1
F
a a

Time transformation

f (at t0 )

Duality
Frequency shift

F (t )

1 j a t0
F e
a a
2 f ( )
F ( 0 )

f (t )e j0t
f1 (t ) * f 2 (t )

Convolution

differentiation

F ( )e jt0

F1 ( ) F2 ( )

f1 (t ) f 2 (t )

1
F1 ( ) * F2 ( )
2

d n f (t )
dt n

( j )n F ( )

( jt )
integration

f (t )

f ( )d

d n F ( )
d n
1
F ( ) + F (0) ( )
j

Fourier Transform Pairs

Time Domain Signal

(t )
A (t t0 )

Fourier Transform

1
Ae jt0

u (t )

( ) +

1
K
sgn(t )

2 ( )
2 K ( )
2
j
2 ( 0 )

1
j

e j0t
cos(0t )

[ ( 0 ) + ( + 0 )]

sin(0t )

t
rect
T
cos(0t )u (t )

T
Tsinc

sin(0t )u (t )

[ ( 0 ) ( + 0 )]

[ ( 0 ) + ( + 0 )] +

2j

t
rect
T

cos(0t )

sinc ( t )

j
2

[ ( 0 ) ( + 0 )] +

( 0 ) T
T
sinc
2
2

rect

2
0

0
2
2
0

( + 0 ) T
+ sinc
2

ENEL 327 Final Examination

Page 11 of 12

t
tri
T
Tt
sinc 2
2
at
e u (t ), Re{a} > 0

T
Tsinc 2

2
2
tri
T
T
1
a + j

te at u (t ), Re{a} > 0

a + j
( n 1)!

t n 1e at u (t ), Re{a} > 0

( a + j )
e

a t

, Re{a} > 0

Name: __________________________

2a
a + 2
2

g (t nT )

G(n ) ( n ),

n =

n =

g (t nT0 ) =

n =

Ck e jk0t

k =

C ( k ),
0

k =

T (t )

2
T0

2
1
g (t )e jk0t dt
, Ck =
T0
T0 T

( k )
0

k =

z-Transform Properties
Operations
Linearity

Time Function

z-Transform

af1[n] + bf 2 [n]
f [n n0 ]u[n n0 ]

aF1 ( z ) + bF2 ( z )

Real shifting
Real shifting

f [n + n0 ]u[n]

z n0 F ( z )

Complex shifting

a n f [ n]

Multiplication by n

nf [n]

Time scaling

f [n / k ]

z
F
a
dF ( z )
z
dz
k
F z , k a positive integer

Convolution

f1[n]* f 2 [n]

Summation

z n0 F ( z ), n0 0

n0 1
n =0

f [ n] z n

( )

f [k ]
k =0

F1 ( z ) F2 ( z )
z
F ( z)
z 1

Initial value

f [0] = lim F ( z )

Final value

f [] = lim ( z 1) F ( z ), if f [] exists

z 1

z-Transform Pairs
Time Domain Signal (n 0)

[ n]
[n n0 ]
u[n]

z-Transform

1
z n0
z
z 1

ROC
All z

z0
z >1

ENEL 327 Final Examination

Page 12 of 12

( z 1)
z ( z + 1)
( z 1)3

Name: __________________________

z >1
2

an
na n
2 n

n a

z >1
z >a

z
za
az

z >a

( z a)

az ( z + a)

z >a

( z a)
z ( z cos b )

z >1

cos(bn)

z 2 z cos b + 1
z sin b
2
z 2 z cos b + 1
z ( z a cos b )
2

sin(bn)
a n cos(bn)
a sin(bn)

z >a

z 2az cos b + a
az sin b
2
z 2az cos b + a 2
2

z >1

z >a

Bilateral z-Transform Pairs

f [ n]
[ n]

z-Transform
1

[n n0 ]

z n0

ROC
All z
z 0, n0 0
z , n0 < 0

u[n]
nu[n]

( z 1)
a n u[n]
na n u[n]

z >1

z
z 1
z

z >1
2

z >a

z
za
az

z >a

( z a)
z ( z a cos b )
2

a n cos(bn)u[n]
n

a sin(bn)u[n]

u[ n 1]
a n u[n 1]
na n u[n 1]
a , a <1
n

z >a

z 2az cos b + a
az sin b
2
z 2az cos b + a 2
z
z 1
z
za
az
2

( z a)

z >a
z <1
z <a
z <a

z
z

z a z 1/ a

a < z < 1/ a