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I.
Cr
n:1:1
Lr
Vo
Vin
Lm
RL
INTRODUCTION
2
Q=0.3
1.5
ZCS
nVo/(Vin/2)
ZVS
1
Q=1
0.5
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
f/f0
1.2
1.4
533
Lr / Cr
n2 R
Lm
Lr
(2)
(3)
ir
im
T
T /2
Lr
ir
Vin/2
Cr
Lm
nvo
im
I r = 2 I rms sin(2f 0 + )
(5)
534
(i
im )dt =
VO T
nRL 2
(7)
1 VO
8 nRL
2n 4 RL 2T 2
Lm 2
+ 8 2
(8)
1 VO
4 nRL
5 2 48 n 4 RLT 2
+1
12 2
Lm 2
g=
nVO
Vin / 2
(10)
(9)
ILm
T/2
535
I rms =
I RMS _ S =
1.3
1.6
0.75
1.
1.6
0.65
0.55
0.45
1 .3
2
2.5 3
0.35
1.6
0.25
0.15
0.05
1.3
1.6
2. 5
3
2.5
3
7
11
13
1.6
2
2.5
3
15
17
2n 4 RL 2T 2
1 VO
4 nRL
Lm 2
+ 8 2
5 2 48 n 4 RLT 2
12 2
Lm 2
(11)
+1
(12)
1
0.95
0.85
1 VO
8 nRL
19 20
Ln
I pk >
2Vbus C j
t dead
(14)
536
n RL
0.65
T t dead
16C ds
1.
3
0.45
(18)
0.35
1 .3
1.6
0.25
0.05
1.3
1.6
2.5
3
0.15
(19)
2.5
3
7
11
1.6
13
2.5
3
15
17
19 20
Ln
0.55
2
2.5 3
0.75
(17)
1 .6
0.85
1.3
1
0.95
Lr
Cr
(16)
1.6
Q=
Lm
Lr
Ln =
3.5
Ln=10
Ln=14
2.5
Ln=16
Ln=20
1.5
1
0.5
0
(20)
0.2
0.4
0.6
f/f0
0.8
1.2
537
Vds (100V/div)
V. SUMMARY
Smaller switching loss and the capability of wide input
range operation makes LLC resonant converter attractive for
front-end AC/DC converters. However, because of its
complexity, lack of design method makes the converter less
valuable. In this paper, based on the theoretical analysis on the
circuit operation at resonant frequency and maximum gain
point, the relationship between the converter loss and
operation range has been revealed. Based on the relationship,
the converter efficiency can be optimized with a suitable
magnetizing inductance design. Moreover, by choose Ln and
Q from the peak gain curves, the operation range of the LLC
resonant converter can be ensured. The developed
methodology has been implemented into a 1MHz 1kW LLC
resonant converter design. The experimental results also verify
the theoretical analysis.
Resonant tank
current (5A/div)
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
This work made use of ERC Shared Facilities supported
by the National Science Foundation under Award Number
EEC-9731677. The author would like to acknowledge
Ferroxcube provide 3F4 core sample, Ansoft providing
Maxwell simulation software, Transim Technology provides
Simplis software and NSF providing the research funding.
Vdiode (100V/div)
REFERENCES
200nS/div
[1]
538