POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES

ORAL PRESENTATION CHALLENGES ENCOUNTERED BY THE

MASTER IN PHYSICAL EDUCATION AND SPORTS
STUDENTS OF THE POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY
OF THE PHILIPPINES GRADUATE
SCHOOL, S.Y 2013 - 2014

A Thesis
Presented to the College of Arts and Letters
Polytechnic University of the Philippines
Sta. Mesa, Manila

In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree

Bachelor of Arts in English

by
NIKKI OLIVA
CHRISTIAN RAQUID
ABIGAIL RUTH SOSA
MARK EDWARD FABRERO
MARK KEVIN CAPARAS
PAUL PRESADO
September 2014
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POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES

CERTIFICATION

This
thesis
entitled
ORAL
PRESENTATION
CHALLENGES
ENCOUNTERED BY THE MASTER IN PHYSICAL EDUCATION AND SPORTS
STUDENTS OF THE POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES
GRADUATE SCHOOL, S.Y 2013 2014 prepared and submitted by NIKKI
OLIVA, CHRISTIAN RAQUID, ABIGAIL RUTH SOSA, MARK EDWARD
FABRERO, MARK KEVIN CAPARAS, and PAUL PRESADO in partial fulfillment
of the requirements for the degree BACHELOR OF ARTS IN ENGLISH has been
examined for Oral Examination.

DR. DESSERIE T. MAYNES

Thesis Adviser
___________________________________________________________________
APPROVAL
Approved by the PANEL OF EXAMINERS on Oral Examination on
September 16, 2014 with the grade of ___.

DR. EVANGELINA S. SERIL

Chair

PROF. EDELYN H. DAGALAN

Member

PROF. LIGAYA B. ESPINO

Member

Accepted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Bachelor

of Arts in English.
DR. EVANGELINA S. SERIL
Chairperson, DEFLL

DR. JOSEFINA U. PARENTELA

Dean, CAL
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POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES

CERTIFICATE OF ORIGINALITY
This is to certify that the research work presented in this thesis entitled ORAL
PRESENTATION CHALLENGES ENCOUNTERED BY THE MASTER IN
PHYSICAL EDUCATION AND SPORTS STUDENTS OF THE POLYTECHNIC
UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES GRADUATE SCHOOL, S.Y 2013 2014
from the Polytechnic University of the Philippines embodies the result of original
and scholarly work carried out by the undersigned. This thesis does not contain
words or ideas taken from published sources or written works by other persons
which have been accepted as basis for the award of any degree from another
higher

education

institutions,

except

where

proper

referencing

acknowledgement were made.

Caparas, Mark Kevin I.

Presado, Paul John T.

Fabrero, Mark Edward F.

Raquid, Christian P.

Oliva, Nikki L.

Sosa, Abigail Ruth M.

Researchers

Noted:

Dr. Desserie T. Maynes

Thesis Adviser

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POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

There are certain people who have assisted the researchers in fulfilling this
accomplishment, and the researchers would like to thank each of them.
First, thank you to the researchers thesis adviser, Dr. Desserie T. Maynes
for the continued support, challenge, mentorship and for validating the researchers
questionnaire. Thank you for demanding the researchers to finish and for staying
positive for this paper.
The researchers would also like to thank Prof. Rolando Quinones who
helped in doing this paper and who validated the recordings that the researchers
gathered.
The researchers would also like to thank the graduate students who took up
Master in Physical Education and Sports of the Polytechnic University of the
Philippines S.Y 2013 -2014 who participated in the survey of the researchers.
To dear friends who listened to countless hours of whining about this paper
and for encouragement to have a positive outlook, thank you.
For the parents who gave moral and financial support to be able to finish this
research paper, thank you very much. You gave the researchers the reasons to
achieve what has been started and not to give up because this would be the key to
finish this degree.

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POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES

Thank you as well to Dr. Herminia E. Manimtim, Associate Dean of the
Graduate School of Polytechnic University of the Philippines for allowing the
researchers in conducting the said survey.
M.K.C
M.E.F
N.L.O
J.P.P
C.P.R
A.R.S

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POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES

ABSTRACT
Title:

Oral Presentation Challenges Encountered by the Master in

Physical Education and Sports Students of the Polytechnic
University of the Philippines Graduate School, S.Y 2013 - 2014

Researchers:

Caparas, Mark Kevin I.

Fabrero, Mark Edward F.
Oliva, Nikki L.
Presado, Paul John T.
Raquid, Christian P.
Sosa, Abigail Ruth M.

Course:

Bachelor of Arts in English

Adviser:

Dr. Desserie T. Maynes

Year:

2013-2014

The Problem
This study focused on the oral presentation challenges encountered by the
Master in Physical Education and Sports students of the Polytechnic University of
the Philippines Graduate School, S.Y 2013 2014. This research was framed by
the following questions, what are the purposes of giving oral presentations, what
are the difficulties encountered before giving an academic oral presentation in
terms of the psychological and technical aspects, what problems are encountered
by the students during academic oral presentations, and what are the common
errors of the students after giving an academic oral presentation in terms of speech
and structure?

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POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES

Research Methodology
The study used qualitative and quantitative research designs to meet the
objectives of the researchers through the use of survey questionnaires and audio
recording device as tools. These were used to help determine the possible
difficulties before, during and after giving an academic oral presentation in the
classroom setting. The participants were taken from the Graduate School of the
Polytechnic University of the Philippines taking up Master in Physical Education
and Sports S.Y 2013-2014. After the results were gathered, the researchers
analyzed and interpreted the data.

Findings
This part shows the summary of findings of the researchers in the four
different problems of this study.
Out of 21 respondents, 100% of them said that to maximize their
communication skills was their main purpose in giving oral presentations, however,
2 or 9.52% made their own purposes, to boost intellectual and emotional
confidence and to share knowledge and information gained from experiences.
In terms of difficulties encountered before giving an academic oral
presentation in terms of psychological and technical aspects, 14 or 66.67% said
that their main difficulty was mental block and only 1 or 4.76 made an own
difficulty which was when asked by unnecessary questions.

POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES

The third part of the survey covered the difficulties encountered during
academic oral presentations, 18 or 85.71% said that grammar was their main
difficulty, however 6 or 28.57% said that not used to the English language,
spelling, and inconsistency of words from body gestures were their difficulties.
Reflected on the respondents audio recordings after oral presentation, 14 or
66.67% encountered the code switching and mixing as the common errors and
only 1 or 4.76 encountered the inappropriate use of words (vocabulary).

Conclusions
Based on the findings gathered by the researchers, summary of conclusions
was drawn from the problems.
All of the respondents said that maximizing their communication skills was
their main purpose in giving academic oral presentations which means they need
to practice the English language as part of their communications routine.
Mental block was the evident issue of the respondents in giving an oral
presentation. This displayed that the emotional and behavioral states of an
individual affect the effectiveness of giving oral presentations in the classroom.
Anxiety resulted to grammatical error as the common error of the respondents
during oral presentations as reflected on their answers. This was the result of not
being used to public speaking.

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POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES

As reflected on the audio recordings of the respondents after their oral
presentations, the common errors they encountered were the use of code
switching and mixing which were common among Filipinos because in the
Philippine setting, bilingual classrooms exist.

Recommendations
After the analysis and interpretation of data, these recommendations were
given:
Instructors should motivate students to speak and talk in order to enable them
to be fluent speakers of English and also lecturers who ought to enhance the
participation in the class and give every student the chance to speak and express
their ideas.
It would be highly positive for the students to be engaged in academic oral
activities such as paraphrasing, comparing and summarizing in order to develop
fluency and make them feel brave and enhance self-esteem and confidence.
It is suggested that future researchers may concentrate on the organization of
the academic presentation, the role of the body language, eye contact and
nonverbal communication in the presentation and also the focus of an academic
oral presentation in different classroom settings

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POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES

TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
TITLE PAGE

CERTIFICATION AND APPROVAL SHEET .

ii

CERTIFICATE OF ORIGINALITY...

iii

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS....

iv

ABSTRACT .

vi

TABLE OF CONTENTS

LIST OF TABLES ......

xii

FIGURE

xiii

Chapter 1 THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

Introduction
Background of the Study .
Theoretical Framework
Conceptual Framework
Statement of the Problem
Scope and Limitation
Significance of the Study .
Definition of Terms
Chapter 2

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES

Foreign Literature
Local Literature
Foreign Studies .......
Local Studies
Synthesis of the Reviewed Literature and Studies.

Chapter 3

1
4
5
7
8
9
9
11

13
21
26
43
45

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Method of Research
Population, Sample Size and Sampling Technique ..
Description of Respondents ...
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47
47
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POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES

Research Instrument
Data-Gathering Procedure ..
Statistical Treatment of Data ...
Chapter 4

PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA

Purposes of Giving Academic Oral Presentations.....
Difficulties Encountered Before Oral Presentations...
Problems Encountered During Oral Presentations..
Common Errors After Oral Presentations....

Chapter 5

51
51
52

54
56
59
62

SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

Summary
Finings.
Conclusions ..
Recommendations ..

64
65
66
68

BIBLIOGRAPHY 70
APPENDICES
Appendix 1 Letter of Request for Permission to Conduct Survey...76
Appendix 2 Sample Questionnaire.. 77
Appendix 3 Certification of Editing80
Appendix 4 Evaluation Forms.. 81
Appendix 5 Curriculum Vitae100

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POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES

LIST OF TABLES
Number

Title

Page

Frequency and Percentage Distribution

According to Gender... 44

Frequency and Percentage Distribution

According to Marital Status..

45

Frequency and Percentage Distribution

According to Age Range.. 46

Frequency and Percentage Distribution

According to College Attended 46

Frequency and Percentage Distribution

of the Purposes of Giving an Academic Oral Presentation 51

Frequency and Percentage Distribution of the Difficulties

Encountered before giving an Academic Oral Presentation in
terms of Psychological and Technical Aspects.... 53

Frequency and Percentage Distribution of the Problems

Encountered by the Students during Academic Oral Presentations56

Common Errors of the Respondents after Giving an Academic

Oral Presentation in terms of Speech and Structure . 58
(Recordings Based)

POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES

FIGURE
1

Research Paradigm..

xi