[Transactions of the Society for the Promotion of Hellenic Studies].

The Session of 1881

Source: The Journal of Hellenic Studies, Vol. 2 (1881), pp. xxxv-xliv
Published by: The Society for the Promotion of Hellenic Studies
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xxxv

THE

SESSION

OF 1881.

The First General Meeting for the reading of Papers and

for Discussion was held on Thursday, February 24, when the
chair was taken by the REV. MARK PATTISON, B.D., Member
of Council, Rector of Lincoln College, Oxford.
The

HON.

SECRETARY

read a paper by Mr. Fergusson,

controverting Mr. A. S. Murray's theory as to the Steps

which gave entrance to the Erechtheum, propounded in Vol. I.
of the yournal of Hellenic Studies (p. 224). In the course of
discussion on the paper, Mr. J. T. Wood, while expressing
general agreement with Mr. Fergusson's view, remarked that
there were several questions as to the construction and
purpose of the Erechtheum which could only be cleared up
by a thorough excavation of the building. The Society might
perhaps help towards the execution of this most desirable
object. (yournal of Hellenic Studies, Vol. II. p. 83.)
MR. E. MYERS read a paper on the 'Pentathlon,' taking up
some special points in Professor Gardner's paper on the
subject in Vol. I. of the Journal. (yournal, Vol. II. p. 217.)
The CHAIRMANread a paper by the Rev. E. L. Hicks,
on a 'Greek Inscription at Cambridge,' published by Boeckh
among the Attic Decrees (C. I. G. o16). Mr. Hicks contended that it must have come from Halikarnassus, and had
reference to the revolution at Troezen in 303 B.C. (_yournal,
Vol. II. p. 98.)

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Xxxvi
The HON. SEC. read a paper by Professor Mahaffy, on the
'Authenticity of the Olympian Register' (yournal, Vol. II.
p. 164). The writer's aim was to prove that the first fifty
Olympiads and the primary date, 776 B.C., had been too
readily accepted, and that there was good ground for believing
that Hippias

the rhetor constructed,

about 390-70

B.C., the

whole history of the feast,-partly from the evidence before him,

partly from the analogy of other feasts. He fixed the commencement of his list, after the manner of the chronologers
of his day, by the supposed date of the mythical founder.
Hence, neither the names nor the dates found in Eusebius'
copy of the register for the first fifty Olympiads are to be
accepted as genuine, unless they are corroborated by other
evidence.
The HON. SEC. read a letter from the Bishop of Lincoln
(yournal, Vol. II. p. 228), pointing out that in his work on
Greece, published in 1839, there was a passage founded on his
personal observations in 1832, which strikingly anticipated the
recent discovery by M. Karapanos of the true site of Dodona.
The Second General Meeting was held on Thursday, April 21,
when the chair was taken by PROFESSOR C. T. NEWTON, C.B.,

Vice-President.
The CHAIRMANread a paper on the 'Statuette of Athend
Parthenos,' recently discovered at Athens, and supposed with
good reason to be a rude copy of the chryselephantine statue
of Pheidias (yournal, Vol. II. p. I). Photographs of the
Statuette, presented by Mr. Merlin, British Consul at the
Piraeus, were exhibited to the meeting.
PROFESSOR GARDNER read a paper by Canon Greenwell,

on 'Votive Armour and Arms' (yournal of Hellenic Studies,

Vol. II. p. 65). A general account of such objects led to
the discussion of the question of the date of the introduction
of iron into Greece, and of the consequent disuse of bronze
for weapons, save of a votive character. Then followed a
full description of a particular bronze spear-head, of quadrangular form, and inscribed on three of the four faces of

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XXXVii
the blade, which Canon Greenwell believed must have come
from Olympia, from its strong resemblance to others found
there during the recent excavations.
An illustration of
this spear-head is given on Plate XI. in the atlas which
accompanies the yournal. A discussion followed, in which
the Chairman and Messrs. Pollock, Cust, Geldart, and
Gardner took part.
PROF. GARDNER read a paper on 'Boat-Races

among the

Greeks' (yournal, Vol. II. p. 90o), in which he brought forward

evidence, chiefly from the coins of Corcyra, but also from
allusions in the whole range of Greek literature, to show that
such contests existed among the Greeks.
The CHAIRMANpointed out that the land-locked harbour
of Corfu was specially fitted for boat-racing, and threw out
the suggestion that the famous 'Phaselus ille,' &c., of Catullus
might possibly be a translation of some Greek inscription
commemorating a galley that had won a race. He referred
also to the bronze prow of a galley found in the Bay of
Actium, and now in the British Museum. Apropos of a
reference made by Stephanus to the establishment at Actium
of a rrXolwvii&hXXa,the Rector of Lincoln pointed out that
7rXoiovin classic Greek meant not a galley but a merchant
or transport vessel. It was doubted, however, whether the
distinction would have been observed by Stephanus.
The REV. E. M. GELDART read a paper on' The Etymology

of the words elpb cO,

tav6/v, c. .X.'
his argument was as follows:1.

'Eicpdet,

Stated in a tabular form,

as if from 4epetw = 4epo's delt.

'?'p[p]evoe

Ia. 'EppeT,1t vep[p]Evo-e1

2. 'aOeC
"EfavOE,4aVav87LE

,,,

3. 'Elcv4O, -VEUCo,

,,

vEvre

vepep3w = vepol?elt.

,,

,,
,,

=
eWltt.
ave

evevo) = ?eCOk e/Lt.

These derivations are on the analogy of the modern cpicr7epoS,

inferred from "?aao-r'piae, aor. I of -iaUrCp

1 Conjecturalform,.

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^.1

xxxviii

THE ANNUAL GENERAL MEETING

Took place on Thursday, rune 16, when PROF.C. T. NEWTON,
Vice-President, was in the chair. The following Report was
read by the HON. SEC. on behalf of the Council:Report on the Progress of the Society from Yanuary 22, 188o,
to yune 16, 188 I.
It is exactly two years to-day since the Society for the
Promotion of Hellenic Studies was formally inaugurated.
A Provisional Committee then appointed drew up Rules
which were confirmed by a General Meeting on January 22,
188o, on which occasion were elected the present Officers and
Council.
The Council has to-day to report on the progress made
since the meeting on January 22,
188o.
At that date the numbers of the Society were about 270.
Since then 18o new members have been elected, so that the
Society now numbers 450, exclusive of Honorary Members.
At the last Annual Meeting the Council expressed their
intention of carrying out the objects of the Society, as laid
down in Rule I., by the periodical publication of memoirs
and documents. This promise has been fulfilled in the shape
of the
Hellenic Studies, of which the first volume,
yoournal of
was
of 314 pages,
published at the end of last year, accoman
Atlas
panied by
containing 8 Plates. It is hoped that
such a volume may be published annually, in half-yearly
parts appearing about April and October. The first part
for the present year, much of which has been in type for
some months, was kept back in order to include an important
paper from Dr. Schliemann on his discoveries at Orchomenus.
It will be issued to members as soon as possible. The
editorship of the Journal is in the hands of a Committee,
consisting of Professor Gardner, Professor Hort, Professor
Jebb, and Mr. Bywater.
With a view to periodical meetings of the Society, the
Council has secured at a moderate rent the occasional use

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XXXix
of the rooms of the Royal Asiatic Society in Albemarle
Street; and arrangements have been made- for four General
Meetings in the year, at which papers may be read and any
important communications be made to the Society. A branch
of the Society has been formed at Cambridge, under the
chairmanship of the Master of Trinity, for the purpose of
promoting in that University the objects set forth in No. I.
of the Society's Rules. It is hoped that a similar branch
may be formed in Oxford.
Communications have been opened, and exchanges of publications arranged, with the following societies and institutions:
the Royal Asiatic Society, the Numismatic Society of London,
the French School at Athens, the Imperial German Institute
of Archaeological Correspondence at Athens, the Imperial
German Archaeological Institute at Rome, the Society for
the Encouragement of Greek Studies in France, the Evangelical School at Smyrna, the Parnassos Society at Athens,
the Smithsonian Institute at Washington, and the American
Archaeological Institute; and with the proprietors of the
A thenaion, the A rckidologischeZeitung, the Revue A rcii/ologique,
and Bursian's yahresbericht fiir die classische A llerthumswissenschaft.
The Council have also purchased for the use of members
complete sets of the following foreign journals: the Mittheilungen of the German Institute at Athens, the Bulletin de
CorrespondanceHellinique, the A thenaion, the Philistor, and
the new series of the Revue A rcidologique. A few other
books have been presented to the Society.
At the suggestion of M. Gennadius, mutual relations have
been established with the Parnassos Society at Athens, who
have kindly consented to represent the interests of the Society
in Greece, and to give every assistance to members wishing
to travel in the country and bearing introductions from the
Council.
In accordance with the provisions of Rule XXXI., the
Council have nominated fifteen Foreign and four British
Honorary Members. These are: His Majesty the King of
the Hellenes, Professor H. Brunn, Professor Comparetti,

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xl
Professor Ernst Curtius, M. Foucart, Professor W. Helbig,
Professor A. Kirchhoff, Dr. H. K6hler, Professor S. A. Kumanudes, Professor A. Michaelis, Mons. B. E. C. Miller,
Member of the Institute, M. Rangab6, Professor L. Stephani,
M. Waddington, Member of the Institute, and the Baron
J. de Witte; Mr. Biliotti, British Consul at Trebizond, Mr.
George Dennis, British Consul at Smyrna, Mr. Merlin, British
Consul at the Piraeus, and Mr. Wood, British Consul at
Patras.
As to the financial position of the Society, the Balance
Sheet now presented shows that, from June, 1879, up to the
present time, the sum of 1I,340 3s. 9d. has been received
in members' subscriptions, donations, and from libraries
subscribing to the yournal. The sum of ;6467 5s. 8d. has
been expended on the yournal, Printing of Circulars, Stationery, Postage, the Hire of Rooms, the Purchase of Books, &c.,
leaving a balance in hand of 6?872 I8s. Id. Of this ;6378
consists of Life Subscriptions which it is proposed to fund,
but even so there is a balance of about ?5oo for present
expenses, and there are ?150 still due in unpaid subscriptions.
It is particularly requested that these arrears may be paid up
as quickly as possible.
On the whole the Council think there is good reason to be
satisfied with the progress made in the past year and a half.
It is most desirable that the Society's power of work should
be increased by the adhesion of fresh members interested in
its objects, and it is hoped that members will do what they
can to enlist subscribers. The larger the income placed at
their disposal, the better able will the Council be to turn their
attention to other objects indicated in the first of the Society's
Rules, and to take effective action whenever occasion may
arise.

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THE SOCIETY FOR THE PROMOTION OF HELLE

CASH STATEMENT, _cune, 1879, to May 31, I8

To Members' Yearly and Life Subscriptions and
Donations to May 31, 188I .
.
.
Library
Subscriptions
,,
1.....

s. d.

1,327 II
2 12

9
o

Balance

___,,

/'I,340

,,Balance

By Printing and Paper, You

,, Illustrationsfor ditto .
,, Carriageof yournal and
,, Books .
,, Stationery and Postage.
,, Printing Circulars,Post-c
,, Rent of Rooms, Albemar
,, Petty Cash .
,, Sundries :Room at Freemasons'
Book Case .
.
Assistant Secretary,Ju
.
.
88o .
Cheque-books .
.

.-

--

3 9

- Z872 18 I

GEORGE A. MACMIL

We have compared the above Balance Sheet with the Society's Accounts and Voucher
FREDERIC
DOUGLAS
7une 15th, 1881.

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xlii
The adoption of the Council's Report was then moved by
MR. R. N. CUST,the Honorary Secretary of the Royal Asiatic
Society, who, after expressing his approval of the progress of
the Society as reported on by the Council, stated also his
satisfaction at the Society assembling in the Rooms of the
Royal Asiatic Society.
MR. PERCIVAL, in seconding the motion, urged strongly
the acquisition of fresh subscribing members in order that
the sphere of the Society's work might be enlarged.
The Report was adopted unanimously.
The CHAIRMAN, after expressing regret at the unavoidable
absence of the Bishop of Durham, the President of the
Society, read out the names of the Officers and Council
In accordance with
proposed for the coming year.
Rule XX., the following members now retired: The
Dean of Westminster, Professors Henry Smith, Bonamy
Price, Kennedy, and Mahaffy, Messrs. A. J. Balfour, H.
O. Coxe, F. C. Penrose, and Oscar Wilde. In their stead
were nominated: Mr. S. H. Butcher, Professor A. Goodwin,
Rev. E. L. Hicks, Mr. Henry Jackson, Mr. Andrew Lang,
Mr. Peile, Rev. E. S. Roberts, Mr. J. E. Sandys, Mr. Arthur
Sidgwick, and Dr. William Smith, while Professor Mahaffy
The only other change proposed in the
was re-elected.
constitution of the Officers and Council was the addition
of the names of Professors W. D. Geddes and R. Y. Tyrrell,
to the list of Vice-Presidents.
The adoption of the Council's proposal was moved by
Mr. E. Maunde Thompson, Vice-President, seconded by
Mr. W. G. Rutherford, and carried unanimously.
A vote of thanks to the Auditors, Messrs. Douglas Freshfield and Frederick Pollock, was moved by Prof. Gardner, who
took the opportunity of saying that satisfactory as, on the
whole, the progress of the Society had so far been, two
things were still urgently needed, (i) an increase of funds
to enable the Society to carry out the further objects laid
down in its Rules, and (2) constant attendance and attention
on the part of Members of Council. In course of time no

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xliii
doubt fresh openings for activity in the examination of
ancient sites, &c., would occur, and it might be hoped
that eventually the Society would be in a position to aid
all those who wish to study Hellenic Antiquities, whether
at home or abroad.
The motion was seconded by Mr. Percival and carried
unanimously.
The CHAIRMAN
then stated that in the absence of the
President no address was forthcoming on the progress of
Hellenic Studies during the past year, such as it was hoped
might be produced at subsequent annual meetings, but
Professor Gardner would read parts of Dr. Schliemann's
paper on 'Orchomenus,' which had been alluded to in the
Report as sufficient justification for the delay of the new
number of the Journal. (yournal, Vol. II. p. 122.)
Parts of the paper having been read, a discussion followed,
in which Mr. Percival, Professor Gardner, and the Chairman
took part. The Chairman said that the size of the blocks
in the building described, as well as the style of ornamentation, pointed to a remote antiquity. It must be determined

also what this so-called Treasury is, whether a tomb or a

temple; specimens of pottery, too, were needed as evidence

of age.
Miss

AMELIA B. EDWARDS exhibited

an archaic

gold

earring said to have been found on the Acropolis at Athens.

(yournal,

Vol. II. p. 324.)

A vote of thanks to the Chairman, proposed by Rev. W.

Wayte, and seconded by Professor Constantinides, closed the
proceedings.

TheLast GeneralMeetingwas held on Thursday,October20,

the REV.H. F. TOZER,Vice-President,in the chair.
The

CHAIRMAN read a paper on 'Byzantine

Satire'

(yournal, Vol. II. p. 233), taking as illustrationstwo important

and typical pieces, The Sufferings of Timarion and The
Sojourn of Mazaris in Hades.

After an account of the

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xliv
special circumstances which gave rise to this form of literature, the writer gave a full analysis, with extracts, of both
pieces, showing their resemblance to Lucian's Dialogues of
the Dead. After a discussion, in which Messrs. Gennadius,
Gardner, and Myers took part,
MR. CECIL SMITH read a paper on certain Greek Vases
which seemed to throw light on the costume of the Chorus
in the Birds of Aristophanes (yournal, Vol. II. p. 309).
On them were depicted comic figures apparently representing
men dressed up as birds, with beaks, wings, crests, &c.
The vase which suggested the inquiry is in the British
Museum, and probably belongs to the middle of the fifth
century B.C.
MR. WATKISS LLOYD'S paper on the ' Battle of Marathon'
(5eournal, Vol. II. p. 380) was taken as read in the unavoidable absence of the author.

The following dates have been fixed for the General

Meetings in 1882, to be held at 22, Albemarle Street, at
4.30 on each day.
Thursday, February 14.
Thursday, April 20.
Thursday, June 15. (Annual.)
Thursday, October 19.

DONATIONS.
The following donations towards the Society's
have been received during I881, from
Mr. J. P. Misto, of Smyrna, ?38 9s.
Mr. S. Hazzopulo, of Manchester, ?5-

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objects