IGNEOUS ROCKS

GRANITE

DIORITE

PUMICE

OBSIDIAN

PEREDOTITE

BASALT

ANDESITE

RHYOLITE

SEDIMENTARY

ROCKS

SANDSTONE

LIMESTONE

CONLOMERATE

SHALE

METAMORPHIC

ROCKS

SLATE

PHYLLITE

SCHIST

QUARTYZITE

MARBLE

CHARACTERISTIC OF IGNEOUS ROCKS

GRANITE=Granite dimension stone is used in
buildings, bridges, paving, monuments and many
other exterior projects. Indoors, polished granite
slabs and tiles are used in countertops, tile floors,
stair treads and many other design elements.
DIORITE=in real life, diorite is an intrusive igneous
rock composed mainly of feldspar and small
amounts of quartz and other minerals. It is an
extremely hard rock and difficult to carve and work
with. Its extrusive equivalent is andesite.
PUMICE=Pumice is widely used to make
lightweight concrete or insulative low-density
cinder blocks. When used as an additive for
cement, a fine-grained version of pumice called
pozzolan is mixed with lime to form a light-weight,
smooth, plaster-like concrete. This form of concrete
was used as far back as Roman times.
OBSIDIAN=Obsidian is an igneous rock that
forms when molten rock cools very rapidly. The
result is a rock that cooled so fast,

PERIDOTITE= Peridotite is a generic name used

for coarse-grained, dark-colored, ultramafic
igneous rocks. Peridotites usually contain olivine as
their primary mineral, frequently with other mafic
minerals such as pyroxenes and amphiboles. Their
silica content is low compared to other igneous
rocks, and they contain very little quartz and
feldspar.
BASALT=Basalt is used for a wide variety of
purposes. It is most commonly crushed for use as
an aggregate in construction projects. Crushed
basalt is used for road base, concrete aggregate,
asphalt pavement aggregate, railroad ballast, filter
stone in drain fields and may other purposes.
ANDESITE=s an extrusive rock intermediate in
composition between rhyolite and basalt. Andesite
lava is of moderate viscosity and forms thick lava
flows and domes. The word andesite is derived
from the Andes Mountains in South America, where
andesite is common. Andesite is
the volcanic equivalent of diorite.
RHYOLITE= is a felsic extrusive rock. Due to the
high silica content, rhyolite lava is very viscous. It
flows slowly, like tooth paste squeezed out of a
tube, and tends to pile up and form lava domes. If
rhyolite magma is gas rich it can erupt explosively,

forming a frothy solidified magma called pumice (a

very lightweight, light-colored, vesicular form of
rhyolite) along with ash deposits, and /
or ignimbrite. In certain situations extremely
porous rhyolite lava flows may develop. The
extreme porosity of such flows allows degassing
and subsequent collapse of the flow,
forming obsidian (dark colored volcanic glass).
Rhyolite is the volcanic equivalent of granite.
SEDIMENTARY ROCKS
SANDSTONE= other minerals may be found in
particularly mature sandstone.
Sandstone (sometimes known as arenite) is a
clastic sedimentary rock composed mainly of sandsized minerals or rock grains. Most sandstone is
composed of quartz and/or feldspar because these
are the most common minerals in the Earth's crust.
LIMESTONE=Limestone which is a sedimentary
rock, also called calcite, calcium carbonate, CaCO3,
is a very commonly mined or quarried by blasting.
The two most common forms of limestone as
pure calcium carbonate are calcite and aragonite and are formed as fossilized remains of marine
animal shells.

CONGLOMERATE=Conglomerate is a
clastic sedimentary rock that contains large
(greater than two millimeters in diameter) rounded
clasts.
SHALE=Shale is a fine-grained sedimentary
rock that forms from the compaction of silt and
clay-size mineral particles that we commonly call
"mud".

METAMORPHIC ROCKS
SLATE=When expertly "cut" by striking parallel to
the foliation, with a specialized tool in the quarry,
many slates will form smooth flat sheets of stone
which have long been used for roofing and floor
tiles and other purposes.
PHYLLITE=Phyllite is a type
of foliated metamorphic rock created
from slate that is further metamorphosed so that
very fine grained white mica achieves a preferred

orientation. It is primarily composed

of quartz, sericite mica, and chlorite.
SCHIST=is medium grade metamorphic rock,
formed by the metamorphosis of mudstone / shale,
or some types of igneous rock, to a higher degree
than slate
QUARTZITE= Because of its hardness and angular
shape, crushed quartzite is often used as railway
ballast. Quartzite is a decorative stone and may be
used to cover walls, as roofing tiles, as flooring,
and stair steps
MARBLE= for other uses, see Marble
(disambiguation). The Taj Mahal is entirely clad in
marble. Marble is a non-foliated metamorphic rock
composed of recrystallized carbonate minerals,
most commonly calcite or dolomite