Chapter 1

MEANING OF NGO
A non-governmental organization (NGO) is the term commonly used for an
organization that is neither a part of a government nor a conventional for-profit
business. Usually set up by ordinary citizens, NGOs may be funded by governments,
foundations, businesses, or private persons. Some avoid formal funding altogether
and are run primarily by volunteers. NGOs are highly diverse groups of organizations
engaged in a wide range of activities, and take different forms in different parts of the
world. Some may have charitable status, while others may be registered for tax
exemption based on recognition of social purposes. Others may be fronts for
political, religious or other interest groups. in the United States is estimated at 1.5
million. Russia has 277,000 NGOs. India is estimated to have had around 2 million
NGOs in 2009, just over one NGO per 600 Indians, and many times the number of
primary schools and primary health centers in India.
DEFINITION OF NGOs
A non-governmental organization (NGO) is any non-profit, voluntary citizens'
group which is organized on a local, national or international level. Task-oriented and
driven by people with a common interest, NGOs perform a variety of service and
humanitarian functions, bring citizen concerns to Governments, advocate and
monitor policies and encourage political participation through provision of
information. Some are organized around specific issues, such as human rights,
environment or health. They provide analysis and expertise, serve as early warning
mechanisms and help monitor and implement international agreements. Their
relationship with offices and agencies of the United Nations system differs depending
on their goals, their venue and the mandate of a particular institution.

TYPES OF NGO
Governmental related organizations / non-governmental organizations are a
heterogeneous group. As a result, a long list of additional acronyms has developed,
including:

BINGO: 'Business-friendly international NGO' or 'Big international NGO'

TANGO: 'Technical assistance NGO'

TSO: 'Third-sector organization'

GONGO: 'Government-operated NGOs' (set up by governments to look like

NGOs in order to qualify for outside aid or promote the interests of government)

DONGO: 'Donor organized NGO'

INGO: 'International NGO'

QUANGO: 'Quasi-autonomous NGO,' such as the International Organization

for Standardization (ISO). (The ISO is actually not purely an NGO, since its
membership is by nation, and each nation is represented by what the ISO
Council determines to be the 'most broadly representative' standardization body
of a nation. That body might itself be a nongovernmental organization; for
example, the United States is represented in ISO by the American National
Standards Institute, which is independent of the federal government. However,
other countries can be represented by national governmental agencies; this is
the trend in Europe.)

National NGO: A non-governmental organization that exists only in one

country. This term is rare due to the globalization of non-governmental
organizations, which causes an NGO to exist in more than one country.

CSO: 'Civil Society Organization'

ENGO: 'Environmental NGO,' such as Greenpeace and WWF

NNGO: 'Northern NGO'

PANGO: 'Party NGO,' set up by parties and disguised as NGOs to serve their
political matters.

SNGO: 'Southern NGO'

SCO: 'Social change organization'

TNGO: 'Transnational NGO.' The term emerged during the 1970s due to the
increase of environmental and economic issues in the global community. TNGO
includes non-governmental organizations that are not confined to only one
country, but exist in two or more countries.

GSO: Grassroots Support Organization

MANGO: 'Market advocacy NGO'

NGDO: 'Non-governmental development organization'

Chapter 2
INTRODUCTION OF AARAMBH
Aarambh is NGO based in India is created by like minded people who are up
to making a huge difference in the world.
This NGO was formed to educate each and every child on this planet. Inside of this
context were planning to take different projects in and around Mumbai to start with.
We are working on projects like impacting results in night school, sponsoring children
studies who cannot afford to go to school,
inspiring children to attend school, providing them with different facilities that with aid
them in completing their academic studies and make them self reliant.

AARAMBH Waves of a New Future

A huge chunk of students have to struggle through stifling poverty to put
themselves through school and college. Moreover, the dropout rate is astonishingly
high a staggering number of children dont make it to school and college.
Infrastructure is dismal. Thus, Aarambh came into being An NGO founded by
likeminded people who believe in giving back to the society; who believe in touching

lives.
Aarambh is all about offering innovative schools with a desire to create a meaningful
impact on lives of children. Connecting with livelihood is really very important and the
curriculum has been designed to get the children the kind of education that can help
them a stable career ahead. By making these children realise their self worth,
Aarambh is interested to empower them well enough to make them into highly
successful individuals.
The education that we wish to offer is filled with care, support and
independence that will provide these kids with a unique platform to tap into their
unlimited potential. With the extraordinary weapon of education, Aarambh hopes to
strengthen India by offering it with an army of learned professionals who will
contribute tremendously for a better future.

Chapter 3
MISSION AND VISION OF AARAMBH
VISION:

Educating the underprivileged

Educating each and every child on this planet. To make education an

enjoyable, fulfilling and rewarding experience for children.

Impart the highest quality of education to all those who have the burning
desire to study.
MISSION:

To help the needy cope up with their education needs.

To create a stress-free, fun education environment.

To offer maximum resources to make education impactful.

To improve the quality of education at all levels.

Chapter 4
ORGANISATIONAL STRUCTURE
The success of AARAMBH is the result of our staff of dedicated and
committed men & women who choose to participate in this venture. Most of our staff
is drawn from local communities and after obtaining the requisite training, has joined
the organization. We also have professionals from various fields to manage our
programs.
SHOBHA MURTHY:
Ms. Murthy is the Founder Trustee and Director of AARAMBH. She has worked
with several national and international corporate and non-profits like Lakme, CRY,
USAID, and others. She has brought to Aarambh, her wealth of experience and
talent. She has also completed a course in Social Wok form T.I.S.S..
MRS. SIVAPRASAD:

Mrs Sivaprasad serves on the board of trustees for AARAMBH. She is a retired
college lecturer and a talented classical singer. She is a dedicated social worker and
regularly raises funds for our activities
MRS VIJAY CHAKRAVARTY :
She is a psychologist and a landscape designer. She is also our trustee
MR.SUDHIR SUDHAL :
A trained social worker who has over 20 years experience in the development sector.
He is a founder trustee

Dr KUSUM SHENOY :
Is a volunteer-doctor who conducts regular health education classes for mothers and
health checkups for the communities.

Chapter 5
THE PROBLEM FACED BY SOCIETY
Navi Mumbai ( New Bombay), a satellite township to Bombay with its broad
roads and beautiful railway stations is also home to thousands of migrants who have
come to this city in search of employment. They live in small shanties put on the side of
roads, under flyovers and along railway tracks. These areas have no sanitation and
drinking water facilities. Diseases like T.B., Malaria, etc are common and the worst
sufferers are the children.
Problem

Why?

Cause

Again Further Causes

Possible Solution

Why?
A lot of

becaus Families are becaus Families lack

youths are e

unable to

roaming

Families can be motivated

adequate

to increase savings & take

afford higher

financial

credit through microfinance

around

education

resources to

to afford education for their

without any

for youths in

afford higher

youths

work

the villages

education for
their youths

Youths are

Farming is not a Agricultural productivity can

not

sustainable

interested in
traditional
work such

becaus
e

as farming

be made profitable and

occupation due interesting (for youths) by

to crop losses,

using technology &

poor marketing enhancing marketing skills

linkages, water
scarcity etc

There are

Lack of any

Alternative livelihood

no

other sources of opportunities for youths can

employment becaus livelihood other be developed like

opportunitie e

than farming

s for youths

establishing computer
centers

in the area
Men

Lack of

regularly

sustainable

migrating to
cities in
search of

becaus
e

income
opportunitie
s in the area

Farming is not a Agricultural productivity can

sustainable
becaus
e

work

be made profitable and

occupation due interesting by using

to crop losses, technology and enhancing
poor marketing marketing & management
linkages, water skills
scarcity etc

Womenhav

Lack of

Women depend Profitable microenterprises

e to struggle

sustainable

upon

hard to feed becaus sources of

becaus unprofitable

themselves e

income for

and

the

to feed their

theirchildren

household

families

can be introduced for

women

microenterprises

Sickness among children and poverty of parents force thousands of children to drop

out of school even before they are 10 years old

Hundreds of children are forced to work 10 to 12 hours a day to support their families
Women and young girls face harassment and abuse at home and in the community
Girls as young as 14 and 15 years are forced into marriage due to social and cultural
pressures

Chapter 6
Funding CONTRIBUTES AND SPONSORS
Aarambh has been receiving cash and non-cash assistance from several
organisations, corporates and individuals. It is the support and encouragement from such
people that motivates us to reach out to more and more families and new communities year
after year. Some of our donors are :

INSTITUTIONS

INDIVIDUALS

JP Morgan Chase

Susan Jacob

United Way of Mumbai

Mrs Siva Prasad

Sandoz Private Limited

Mita & Kailash Agrawal

Mastek Foundation

Mr Suresh Talreja

Ammadat Trust

Mr.T.R.V. Kochappan

Konsberg (I) Pvt Ltd

Dr Milind Javle

Concern India Foundation

Usha & Mahesh Godbole

Tata Motors

Vinod & Maya Janardhan

Godrej Foundation
Team Rustic.com
Galaxy Surfactants Pvt Ltd
Kelloggs Foundation
Mumbai Indians & Reliance Foundation
Rotary Club Millenium City
Rotary Club Navi Mumbai Industrial Area
Rotary Club Of Vashi
Lions Club of Turbhe
Lions Club of APMC
Gorwani Trust

The Table below summarizes approximate costs for some of key programs:
Program
Mid day meal
Balwadi
Painting of classroom
Sponsorship

# Beneficiaries
150 children
100 children
225 children
Per child

Cost per annum

Rs 1,08,000
Rs 70,000
Rs 40,000
Rs 2500

Chapter 6
NEW INITIATIVES
CARING FOR THE AGED IN MARGINALIZED COMMUNITIES
Every community has its share of elderly people who have worked hard their entire
lives, providing for their families, educating their children, etc. They are now old and infirm.
They suffer various ailments and health problems like joint pains, anemia, defective vision.

Becoming bedridden is the biggest fear for these people since their
families are very poor and cannot afford expensive medical care for the
elderly. We would like to do our best to keep these people healthy and
happy in the twilight years of their lives.Last year we conducted several
health camps for the elderly which included eye camps, anemia control,
bone density camps, etc - followed up by treatment at the local private
hospitals. Today they are leading normal lives and we wish them all LONG
AND HAPPY LIVES.
SCHOOL ADOPTION PROGRAM
Aarambh has adopted the local Samata Hindi Vidyalaya, Turbhe where the poorest
migrants send their children. The school is in a very bad state with holes in the roof, broken
windows, walls of the class rooms broken down, etc. We raised funds and materials in kind
from many kind and generous individuals and completed some of the major renovation at a
cost of Rs 1,50,000/- We still have to provide drinking water, toilets and a computer lab for
the children.

Chapter 7
SWOT ANALYSIS
MEANING
Strengths and Weaknesses describe where the project or organisation is now: the
existing resources that can be used immediately and current problems that wont go
away. It can help identify where new resources, skills or allies will be needed. Both
refer to technical, financial, promotional, networking, knowledge or competency
based factors internal to the programme. When thinking of strengths it is useful to
think of real examples of success to ground and clarify the conversation. Strengths
are those things that are working well in a project or situation. The aspects people
are proud to talk about and which differentiate the program from others.
Weaknesses are those things that have not worked well or that the program is less
efficient in than others.
Opportunities and Threats describe what is going on outside the organisation, or
areas which are not yet affecting the strategy but could do. Opportunities include
ideas on how to overcome weaknesses and build on strengths within
the environment the program operates in. Threats are things that constrain or

threaten the range of opportunities for change in the programme environment.

These external aspects are often related to sociological, political, demographic,
economic, trade-specific and environmental factors.
Strengths
This portion of the chart provides the opportunity to list everything that is good about
your NGO. As well as the two example strengths listed above, other common
strengths in NGOs are volunteer manpower which supplies organisations with
substantial amount of free labour and huge savings on staff costs. NGOs in many
countries are eligible for tax discounts which could be listed as another strength of
your organisation. You should include any assets that your organisation benefits from
in your strengths quadrant of your SWOT analysis.
Weaknesses
The weakness section enables you to list all of the deficiencies of your organisation.
Everything that causes you a problem in the management of your NGO should be
included here. The most common problem for most NGOs, especially ones in their
first years, is the lack of financial stability in terms of income, expenditure and
reserve levels. Weaknesses normally focus on internal issues that you can work to
resolve but can also include outside weaknesses beyond your control such as a lack
of institutional funders working in your region or country.
Opportunities
These factors tend to focus on outside opportunities such as new grant availability
and the development of local business relations but can just as well be used to
evaluate internal opportunities including staff that are quickly developing and the
contacts of a board of trustees member. You should try to look towards emerging
developments arond your NGO that may provide new options in the near future as
well as opportunities that are immediately available to your organisation. Many
people include potential opportunities that may not be available currently or may
never actually come to fruition but it is important to list them so that your NGO is
suitably prepared if they do.

Threats
NGOs and other similar non-profit organisations are particularly vulnerable to
financial threats and shocks. This is because non-profit organisations often have
less secure income streams combined with often just a few months of financial
reserves result in NGOs that can be perilously prone to major economic shifts.
Changes in priorities from a major grant provider or local authority could mean an
NGO is suddenly without its major revenue stream with no Backup plan. These are
the type of threats that you should use in your threats quadrant, essentially anything
that could happen that could jeopardise the success of your NGO.

Strengths

Weaknesses

High Demand for Services

Lack of community awareness

One major donor

Opportunities

Under developed board of trustees

Threats

Public service contracts soon to be

Other more established NGOs

put out to tender

Developing links with the business
community

complete similar work

Limited financial reserves

Chapter 8
FUTURE : CONTINUING AND LONG-TERM STRATEGIC
GOALS
We recognize that our success in attracting and retaining children-at-risk to this
program is dependent on mobilizing mothers and convincing them that AARAMBH is
a productive and useful opportunity for their children. We therefore have and will
continue to include women in our activities. We seek to empower women in slum
communities in order to ensure their access to health and economic services.
Our key goals for the next three years include:

Expand our programs to include 2000 children

Provide vocational skills training for 200 youth
Provide Health and Social Awareness programs for 500 women.
Over the next ten years, we plan to provide educational and health support for 5000
children. In addition, we will work with 1000 women to help them access and
exercise their rights to health, social & economic prosperity.

Chapter 9
SUCESS STORIES

Shekhar Manjulkar,

studying in Class XII has been blind from birth. His parents

could not afford to send him to a special school. However, with support from St
Xaviers College, Mumbai who prepared all his notes in Braille, today Shekhar is
studying in Junior College at ICL, Vashi. He dreams of being a professor one day.
Maya Gawli,

a deaf- mute student is an excellent sportwoman winning several

district and state level medals in athletics. P.T. Usha remains her idol
Subash Hegde,

whose parents are daily wage earners, is now placed with L & T

after compeltion of his vocational course

once a school drop out is today running her own small tailoring

Shabana Sayyad,

business from home. She has employed two needy women to assist her. These
women take home Rs 3000/- to Rs 4000/- every month
Siraj Sheikh,

a hardware trained student is now working with ICICI Bank

Kalpana Padghan,

another school drop-out, re-enrolled in school after a gap of 4

years. Today she is on the way to completing he graduation. She is a trained Balwadi
teacher too.
Kaushalya Singh,

an illiterate housewife is today a dedicated community leader who

has inspired many women like her to learn tailoring and work from their homes.

Abdul Khan,

who had lost all interest in studies and loitered in the area with his

friends for 3-4 years, was encouraged to re-enroll into school. He scored 80 % in
Class X and in now on his way to graduation.
Akshay More,

another student is studying Law and wants to set up his own practice

one day.
Pradeep and Deepak,

the twins from Turbhe are studying for their Diploma in Civil

Engineering.

Chapter 9
Programmes run by Aarambh
Consistent with our current mission, AARAMBHs programs cover children, youth, and
women in the slum communities of New Bombay. The following is a listing of our current
endeavors:
Children

Educational activities for children who have dropped out of school

Enrollment of out of school children into regular schools

Eliminating child labor in the slum communities by awareness programs for

parents

Regular health camps & follow ups for children

Cultural activities for self expression

Youth

Training in vocational skills training for including screen printing , paper products,
and computer

courses

Leadership training for youth

Sponsorships for needy students to enable them to pursue their education through
high school and

college

Health awareness camps

Women

Vocational skills training & income generation including tailoring, embroidery,

candle making, crafts, etc

Through our savings groups, women are encouraged to open and operate their
own bank accounts, and to save for a rainy day.

Health education and adult literacy classes

Leadership skills

OLD CLOTH VALUE CHAIN by AARAMBH..

1. Ready to use material

2. School material
3. Washable repairable
4. New/Export Surplus
5. Waste material

Broad categories

1. Ready to Use material

Value Add

Rigorous sorting based on gender, size etc.

Take out under garments, dirty, torn, oversized, western outfits.

Making complete sets

Add a string with suit (over 50% ladies suits are donated without a string)

Coding- based on item and quantity

Dispatch- based on geographical and cultural need. For example : half sleeved
shirts with a little check to South India, salwar suits to muslim dominated areas or hills,
and gowns to West Benga l- ensuring optimum utilization of the material as in West
Bengal women in villages wear a gown in the day time also

Use as Resource

Under Cloth for work -

Infrastructural change for village development activities like repairing of roads,

desalting of water bodies, etc.

New activities like making a school structure or developing boundary wall with
bamboo/ other local resources, plantation etc

Behavioural change cleanliness drive, clothes given as incentive after regular

monitoring of behavioural change in personal hygiene habits.

2. School Material

Value Add

Take out common uniform colours while sorting general clothing.

Packing- based on colours and same kind of uniforms.

Dispatch- based on matching needs in terms of numbers, size, dress colours.

Separate packing for mixed colours to be used class wise in non-formal schools.

Use as Resource

Motivation for kids

Works not only as uniform but as a pair of general clothing also.

Given to kids under School to School initiative as reward for maintaining hygiene,

punctuality, discipline etc.

3. Washable/Repairable
Value Add

Taken care at our end- right from washing to changing zip/elastic, repairing collar
etc.

Extra efforts on Saris & Woolens

(demand is much more than supply).

Use as Resource

To create employment (like a truck load is given to people to wash in Vellur district
and the washing cost to be paid by the end beneficiary, hence no burden on
AARAMBH, employment to many people and cloth at a minimal cost to people

4. New/Export Surplus
Value Add

Take out relatively new and best clothes separately

Sorting of export surplus in different categories i.e. which can be used in villages or
good for urban markets or useless for both but good for making products

Use as Resource

New Cloth Make a complete set of male/female clothes along with bed sheets,
blankets etc to support marriage time shopping in poor families.

Export surplus - used for raising funds for AARAMBH by selling through stalls or
promoting among volunteers. Based on area trends,material is sold in different cities.
Unusable material is converted into products for urban markets to raise resources for
AARAMBH.

5. Waste material
Value Add
Sorting of torn/useless clothes in many categories

Cotton- suits, bed sheets, blouse, petticoats etc. for sanitary napkins

Jeans & trousers- for school bags

Saris for school/yoga mats

Chunris- for string

Children clothes- front portion to be added as design in bags

Ladies suits- front portion to be added as design in bags

Old T-shirts and other hosiery items- to make undergarment for women

Old non cotton bed sheets, towels, sofa covers- for making bags

Colorful clothes- to develop a range of products

Western clothes- for adding design and color in products

Over size- inappropriate for rural population is cut into pieces for various products

Old shirts/ non cotton material to make sheets and covers for baby beds

Jeans/pants are converted into half pants and the rest is used for school bags

Zips and buttons are removed before further cutting for reuse

Even the small strips are used in making school. yoga mats.

The last bit of small pieces is converted into mattresses for babies.

Use as Resource

School bags sponsored by urban people for rural kids AARAMBH generates
money, old material is put into use, sponsor finds it cost effective means more
beneficiaries in the same amount and village kid get a durable bag

Napkins are provided to women under our initiative Not just a piece of cloth

Ladies under garments- made out of old t-shirts and other hosiery clothes are for
women, to be given with napkins as half the women population there cant afford/dont
use a panty

Mats - are sold in urban markets as Yoga mats and goes as sponsored item in
rural//slum India as School mats

Bags - Right from mobile covers, pouches, wallets, coaster sets to a range of fancy
bags are developed out of waste material to raise funds for AARAMBH.

Zip & buttons- taken out of useless material is used in mending/ repairing of clothes
and is also used for school bags and other products to cut the cost.

Baby beds made of ultimate waste, where we use the last inch of cloth is for
children, especially in colder regions to save them from winters.