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Location of neutral axis and cenrroidul axis

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2.3.6.1. When the crank at TDC position

Rv3

Figure2.40 Centre crank d TDCposilion

When the crank is at TDC position, it is subjected to maximum bending moment. But,
the torque of that position is zero. Undw this positioq the gas load (Fc) aeting on the
midpoint of the crank pin produces the following hvo reactions on the bearings 1 and 2.

The reactions at the bearings 2 and 3 due to flywheel weight are

If we consider the belt tensions (TI +

horizontal reactions at bearing2 and 3.

5)acting horizontally, that will give raise to hvo

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(I; + ~2 )c,

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m e resultant reactions at bearings 2 and 3 are

R, =

,I~~~[RZZ

R, =

JkJTiQ

(a) Design of crank pin:

Ii

FG=- Dip
4

Gas force,

Bending moment at the center of the crank pin, @ =

Ry,x B2

ad= -M C-&
n 3
-xd,
32

We know that,

Check the crank pin for bearing pressure

where,

I, - Length of the crank pin

d, - Diameter of the crank pin

6)~

& n ofcrank web:

The dimensions of the crank web can be found empirically as follows:

Width,

b=(1.1 to 1.2)d,

Thickness,

1 = (0.6 to 0.75)dc

The crank web at TDC is subjected to bending moment and direct

Maximum bending momrnf M= -

Bending stress, a,=

M 6M

-z7

FG
Direct dress, o = br

bt

compressive stress

Resultant a e s s = oa + o < o . # d i e

he resultant mess should be less than the permissible s k s in bending.

2.3.6.2. Crank at an angle of maximum torque

The centre crank at maximum torque has been shown in Figure 2.41

Centre crank at an angle o f m i m u m torque

Figure 2.41

The connecting md t h m t (F,), tangential and radial force can be found in the similar

way as that ofoverhung crank.

(a) Design ojcrankpin:

Bending moment,

M, = ~ X B ,

Twisting moment,

4
T =-

Equ~valenttorque,

T,=

We know that,

T.= -d:r

where,

.,

...... (i)
77

16

......(ii)

r = 3 1 to 40~/mrn'

By equating the (i) and (ii), the diameter of crank pin can be determined. Compare the
value of d, at the two crank positions, and take the maximum value of d,.

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(5) Derign ofshap at the junclion of right-hmd crank web:

Bendingmoment,
where,

Twisting moment,

M=R,

-+'+-

: I:

-F

-+-

RI =Resultant reaction of bearing 1

T = F, x r

.,,.,. (iii)

Equivalent torque,

We know that,

T. = -d:
16

77

...... (iv)

By equating (iii) and (iv), the diameter (dj) of shaft at the junction of crank web can be
determined.

:
I

I
1

(c) Derign of crank web:

Bending moment due to radial force

Bending skess due to F,

Mar - Mbr - 6 M r

u*,

=-T(b,2,

Bending moment due to tangential force

F,
Stress due to direct campression, o = 2bt

Maximum compressive stress,

o, = ob, + o* + o

br2

Twbting moment on the arm, T =

Shear stress,

'1

'('

t-

2 2 2

I=--

4.5T

br2

Z,

Maximum normal stress,

l&cG,.

--l+-

The value ofam, should be less than the allowable value.

(@Design o/sha/r under thefly whee[:

The shaft under the flywheel is subjected IO nibnirnurn bending moment at the flbwheel
location.
Let d,= diameter of the shaft under the flywhecl
Horimntal bending moment at the flywheel location due to belt tension

MH=RH,x CI =RH2x C 2 = ( 4 +T>)C,

C
We know that vertical bending moment due to the f l y h e e l weight,

M v = R ' v , X C , = R V , ~ C I =wc,c,
C

Therrlore rrsultant bending momcnc

M=
, J=

...... (i)

MR= ;(dry%

...... (ii)

We also know that

From equations (i) and (ii), we can calculate the diameter of the shaFt under the flywheel.

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