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Pseudomonas alcaligenes
Background
Related Literature
Phenol, also known as carbolic acid, is a toxic, white with a slightly pink tinge,
crystalline solid. Its chemical formula is C6H5OH and its structure is that of a
hydroxyl group (-OH) bonded to a phenyl ring, making it an aromatic compound.
Phenol and its vapor are corrosive to the eyes, the skin and the respiratory
tract. Repeated or prolonged skin contact with phenol may cause dermatitis, or
even second and third-degree burns due to phenol's caustic and defatting
properties. Inhalation of phenol vapor may cause lung edema. The substance may
cause harmful effects on the central nervous system and heart, resulting in
dysrhythmia, seizures, and coma. The kidneys may be affected as well. Exposure
may result in death and the effects may be delayed. Long-term or repeated
exposure of the substance may have harmful effects on the liver and kidneys." The
substance is a suspected carcinogen. Besides its hydrophobic effects, another
mechanism for the toxicity of phenol may be the formation of phenoxyl radicals.
As with many other bacterial species, the most commonly used method to
assess staphylococcal biofilm formation in vitro is the microtiter plate assay. This
assay is particularly useful for comparison of multiple strains including large-scale
screens of mutant libraries.