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Reference Manual
Section 3 Direct Digital Control
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CONTENTS
Page
3-3
3-4
DDC MODULES
3-6
Two Position
DDC APPLICATIONS
3-7
PID
3 - 10
Floating
3 - 17
Reset
3 - 23
HiLo
3 - 26
Relay
3 - 28
3 - 31
3 - 36
MICRO REGULATORS
3 40
Configuration
3 - 40
MR Parameters
3 - 42
3 - 45
STR-250 Functions
3 - 47
Hardware Coefficients
3 - 49
3 - 52
3 - 54
3 - 57
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Points
Points can be used as inputs to DDC modules when the input is the
result of a calculation (internal point), the state/value sensed by an
external point, or the state/value of a point controlled by the operator.
Points can also receive module output when you want an action to
occur as the result of a DDC module algorithm. Define module inputs
and outputs as points by entering either the point name or the point
address.
Lines
It is often desirable, or necessary, to chain several DDC modules
together in a cascade of control. This requires some way of making
the output of one module available to other modules.
This is
accomplished with lines. These lines can transmit analogue or
discrete
data.
Lines are equivalent to pneumatic tubing
interconnecting pneumatic control devices and generally follow the
same rules:
Only one module should output to a specific line number.
When possible, assign the same number to a module
and the line to which it is delivering its output. This
eliminates confusion as to which line belongs with which
module and vice versa.
On the other hand, a specific line can act as an input to as
many modules as is necessary.
Note: The HiLo and Floating module types have two outputs. When you
assign a line number to the first output of one of these modules, we
recommend that you leave the next available DDC module number
blank thus allowing you to use it's number if and when you add the
second output to avoid future confusion.
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Constants
Constants are values or state conditions that never change. They
remain constant. You can enter a constant as a value (22 degrees) or
a state (0 or 1). A constant may be used as a DDC module input;
however, a constant may not be used as an output of a module. A
constant output from a DDC module would make the module
unnecessary.
0001 DI
AHU ENABLE
1000 AO
AHU SETPOINT
ON = LOGIC '1'
1
AHU ON
10 Secs
110
2
AHU H/C
8%=4Deg
300
0
DIRECT
0 - 100
3
HEATING
0 - 45%
100 - 0%
3100 AO
AHU HEAT VALVE
4
COOLING
55 - 100%
0 - 100%
0 - 100 %
3101 AO
AHU COOL VALVE
0 - 100 %
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DDC Modules
I/NET carries out direct digital control through a series of modules.
Module parameters are explained later in this document. Each module
has its own algorithm. With a basic understanding of control theory
and application, these algorithms are easy to understand and apply.
Technically, there are seven types of DDC modules; however, no onecontroller type provides all seven module types. The seven DDC
module types are:
Two-position
PID
Floating
Reset
The DCUs and PCUs provide all but the Calculation module. Micro
Regulator (MR) controllers provide all but the HiLo module.
Application Specific Controllers (ASCs) provide all but the HiLo Module.
UCs provides variations of the PID and Floating modules.
Each module type has its own data entry screen where you define
parameters such as inputs, algorithm modifiers, and output
destinations.
These data entry screens are described in the I/NET System,
System Operator Guide, Direct Digital Control".
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Module Name
A name used to describe the module. This name can be up to
eight alphanumeric characters.
Sample Interval (sec)
A number between 1 and 255 that represents the number of
seconds between module outputs.
Set point
The desired value of the input point being controlled. Typically
this is the desired room temperature or something similar. A
line, point, or constant may represent it.
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The mode you select determines what happens when the input is
higher or lower than the set point.
Direct:
The two position module issues a logic '0'
command to the output point or line if the input rises
above the set point plus one half the differential. The
module issues a logic '1' command to the output point or
line if the input falls below the set point minus one half the
differential.
Reverse:
The two position module issues a logic '1'
command to the output point or line if the input rises
above the set point plus one half the differential. The
module issues a logic '0' command to the output point or
line if the input falls below the set point minus one half the
differential.
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The PID module is commonly used for the control valves, vanes or
modulating motors where an analogue is used. This module compares
the current input and set point to determine the current error.
Proportional, Integral, and Derivative corrections to an analogue
output point can then be made depending on the magnitude and
direction of this error. The parameters for the PID module are listed
below.
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Module Name
A name used to describe the module. This name can be up to
eight alphanumeric characters.
Sample Interval (sec)
A number between 1 and 255 that represents the number of
seconds between module outputs.
Set point
The desired value of the input point being controlled. Typically
this is the desired room temperature or something similar. A
line, point, or constant may represent it.
Set point Offset
You may want to utilise set point offset if you have defined your
set point as a line or point. Set point offsets are useful when
you want cascaded control. That is, you have several modules
that share a common set point (line or point) which need to be
staggered in their operating range.
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Module Name
A name used to describe the module. This name can be up to
eight alphanumeric characters.
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Module Name
A name used to describe the module. This name can be up to
eight alphanumeric characters.
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Module Name
A name used to describe the module. This name can be up to
eight alphanumeric characters.
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DDC APPLICATIONS
DDC Modules
Knowing the DDC modules is not enough. You will need to experiment
and design programmes utilising the different DDC modules and
calculations. For its only by use that you will become familiar and
through experience, competence. Such is the nature of all things in
life.
The following is an example;
The first step is to define a functional specification using all the
available information (specification, site inspection, sales data etc.).
Air Handling Unit
Functional Specification:
The air-handling unit is started by a time schedule, Monday to
Fridays between 08:00 and 18:00 hours.
Thirty (30) seconds after the fan has started the heating valve
and cooling valve controls are allowed to operate to maintain
conditions.
The room temperature will be controlled at a set point of 22C by
the DDC controller. The set point is to be accessible to the BMS
operator who will be able to alter the set point between 18C and
26C. On the event of a set point alteration, a message is to be
printed on the event printer, indicating the time; date and who
carried out the alteration.
On the event that the fan is scheduled to off, both the heating
valve and the cooling valve will close.
Finally the DDC is entered into the DDC controller on site, tested and
commissioned.
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DDC APPLICATIONS
Control Diagram
24
ZONE
TEMPERA TURE
SETPOINT 22
20
0%
0%
OPEN
100 %
100%
50%
45%
100%
55%
OPEN
HEA TING V A LV E
CLOSED
0%
0%
COOLING V A LV E
100%
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1000 AI
ROOM TEMP
1000 AO
AHU SETPOINT
0000 DO
AHU START
ON = LOGIC '1'
1
AHU ON
30 Secs
NOTE:
PROPORTIONAL BAND IS THE TEMPERATURE
RANGE FROM FULL HEATING TO FULL COOLING.
110
2
AHU H/C
RAMP
4%=4Deg
30
0
DIRECT
CONTROL
POINT
= 50 %
= 10 %
0 - 100 %
3
HEATING
0 - 45%
100 - 0%
3100 AO
AHU HEAT VALVE
= 4%
4
COOLING
55 - 100%
0 - 100%
0 - 100 %
3101 AO
AHU COOL VALVE
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0 - 100 %
100
1
X 100
1
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DDC Modules
This example is a three speed Fan Coil Unit (FCU) with heating and a
cooling valve. The FCU is controlled by a MR-632.
Once again the next step is to design the DDC flow chart and to define
the external point list (addresses). After the points list has been
completed, the system installers can use it to install the equipment
while you enter and test the programme off site.
Finally the DDC is entered into the DDC controller on site, tested and
commissioned.
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Control Diagram
24
ZONE
TEMPERATURE
SETPOINT 22
20
0%
0%
OPEN
100 %
100%
50%
45%
100%
55%
OPEN
CLOSED
0%
0%
HEATING VALVE
COOLING VALVE
60%
100%
60%
HIGH
HIGH
30%
30%
MEDIUM
MEDIUM
LOW
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FAN CO IL UNIT
0107 AI
I/S TAT ROOM TEM P
0108 AO
SE TPOINT
0105 DO
M ASTER POINT
18 - 26 degC
ON = LOGIC '1'
1
FCU ON
10 Secs
CALCULA TION
M ODULE 11
HI VALVE VALUE
110
CALCULATION
2
FCU H/C
RAM P LIM IT
6 Deg
45
0
DIRECT
CALCULA TION
M ODULE 5
LOW REQUE ST
= 10%
ON = LOGIC '1'
CALCULATION
M ODULE 7
M E D RE QUEST
M ODULE 9
HIGH RE QUEST
ON = LOGIC '1'
ON = LOGIC '1'
0 - 100%
6
3
HE ATING
0 - 45%
100 - 0%
0103 AO
FCU HE AT VALVE
0 - 100 %
0104 A O
FCU COOL VALVE
8
M ED FAN
0.5 SE C
LO FAN
0.5 SEC
4
COOLING
55 - 100%
0 - 100%
0 - 100 %
0100 DO
LOW FAN ON/OFF
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10
HI FAN
0.5 SEC
0
1
0101 DO
M ED FAN ON/OFF
0102 DO
HI FA N ON/OFF
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Field
Master Device
Control
Call Address
Inactivity
Time-outs
Password
Digits
Description
The point address or name of the point to be used
as the master device control point is entered here.
This point is either a DO or DC point. The Interval
field allows you to specify the time from 0 to 255
minutes that the interval timer will be turned on
when this point is activated through the On/Off
button on the I/STAT.
This address and point type defines the point that is
controlled on or off when you press the I/STATs Call
button. This point may be a DO or DC point.
The I/STAT and M/STAT use two inactivity time-outs
to exit from the Service function or return to the
Home LED display when in the normal mode. The
timer starts counting down from the time the last
button is pressed.
For both the Escape from
Service and Return to Home LED time-out
intervals enter a duration of 0 255 seconds.
The I/STAT or M/STAT has built in security in the
form of a three-digit numeric password.
The
password restricts access to the Service function on
the I/STAT or M/STAT (the ability to make
calibration, point, and parameter changes through
the I/STAT or M/STAT).
Enter the three digit
numeric password for the I/STAT or M/STAT in this
field.
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The Span field offers a normal span and narrow span. The normal
span allows the full range of the 05VDC or 010 VDC to be used.
The narrow span allows a 24VDC range to be used on 05VDC
inputs, and a 48VDC range to be used on 010VDC inputs.
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1. Increase Button
The increase button is used to increase the temperature set point.
2. Decrease Button
The decrease button is used to decrease the temperature set point. If the
room temperature is being displayed when a button is pushed for the first
time, the current effective set point will be displayed. A second push will
change the value.
3. Select Button
The Select button is used to step through the menu LED Functions 1
through to 4.
4. Bypass Button
The bypass button is used to change the Manual Control device point
described previously.
Controller Dependant
The functions of the STR250 are controller dependent.
configurations are carried out using an M/STAT module.
All
local
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Function
Function
Function
Function
1:
2:
3:
4:
Set Point
Fan Control
Indoor Temperature
Outdoor Temperature
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degC
m = 0.0100 b = -100
Lookup Table = 1
degC
m = 0.0100 b = -100
Lookup Table = 2
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m = 0.0100
b = 100
m = 0.0180
b = 148
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Note: MR-resident DDC modules only reside in the MR (not in the MCI, MRI,
or I/SITE LAN. Therefore, these DDC modules are not available for use
in any MR tagged as Internal in the MCU configuration editor.
The lines that interconnect the DDC modules are numbered so that
the line number always corresponds to the DDC module number that
outputs to the line. To preserve MR memory, the process variable
(PV) input to the PID, Float, and 2-Pos modules, the primary and
secondary inputs to the Reset module, and the coil input to the Relay
module cannot be defined as Constant. Instead, these inputs are
selectable as Line or Point. For the same reason, the floating (FLT)
module can only be defined as Point
Note: In a 7792 MRI, 7793 MCI, or 7798 I/SITE LAN, DC/DM points
should only be controlled by 7792/3/8 resident programs.
This
includes the calculations, ATS, temperature control, and demand
control editors.
NOTE:
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Time Scheduling
Special Days
Temperature Control
Demand Control
MR-Resident DDC Modules
Trend Sampling
Trend Plot
Event Sequences
Event Actions
Runtime
Consumption
Alarm Inhibit
Time Scheduling
Demand Control
Temperature Control
Special Days
MR-DDC History/Tuning
MR Configuration
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